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1.
Environmental geochemistry and quality assessment of mine water of Jharia coalfield,India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abhay Kumar Singh M. K. Mahato B. Neogi B. K. Tewary A. Sinha 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(1):49-65
A long mining history and unscientific exploitation of Jharia coalfield caused many environmental problems including water
resource depletion and contamination. A geochemical study of mine water in the Jharia coalfield has been undertaken to assess
its quality and suitability for domestic, industrial and irrigation uses. For this purpose, 92 mine water samples collected
from different mining areas of Jharia coalfield were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+), anions (F−, Cl−, HCO3
−, SO4
2−, NO3
−), dissolved silica (H4SiO4) and trace metals. The pH of the analysed mine water samples varied from 6.2 to 8.6, indicating mildly acidic to alkaline
nature. Concentration of TDS varied from 437 to 1,593 mg L−1 and spatial differences in TDS values reflect the variation in lithology, surface activities and hydrological regime prevailing
in the region. SO4
2− and HCO3
− are dominant in the anion and Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the cation chemistry of mine water. High concentrations of SO4
2− in the mine water of the area are attributed to the oxidative weathering of pyrites. Ca–Mg–SO4 and Ca–Mg–HCO3 are the dominant hydrochemical facies. The drinking water quality assessment indicates that number of mine water samples
have high TDS, total hardness and SO4
2− concentrations and needs treatment before its utilization. Concentrations of some trace metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb) were also
found to be above the desirable levels recommended for drinking water. The mine water is good to permissible quality and suitable
for irrigation in most cases. However, higher salinity, residual sodium carbonate and Mg-ratio restrict its suitability for
irrigation at some sites. 相似文献
2.
The Jharia coalfield is the most important and active minig region; it experiences groundwater inflow and affects groundwater levels in overlying aquifers, and it provides the basis for a conceptual model of the hydrogeological impacts of coal mining. The several sandstone aquifers of the overburden are separated by aquitards that limit vertical hydraulic connection, but the inflow responds to seasonal events and seems to be linked to shallow groundwater behavior. The mine drainage behavior suggests a hydraulic connection between the mine and the shallower groundwater system. The greatest declines are directly above the panels, with an immediate response to coal mining. The inflow is localized by natural and induced fracture zones and is mostly into recent workings. The groundwater behavior is controlled by hydraulic property changes caused by mine-induced fracturing. The hydrological and chemical qualities of the shallow groundwater regime in 13 mining collieries in Mukunda Block have been investigated. Water samples collected from 30 shallow monitoring dug wells were chosen for the study. Rainfall, runoff, and infiltration rates have been calculated in the area. The water-quality plottings were used to interpret the distribution of individual chemical parameters and in predicting the water quality. The underground mine water has been classified as: (1) unconfined groundwater in the calcareous siltstone and sandstone—its composition is Na, Ca, SO4 and Na-MgHCO3 with moderate total dissolved solids (TDS) 200–1480 ppm; (2) the deep groundwater originating from the coal seams and associated sediments in the near-surface environments—this is a Na-HCO3 water with higher TDS; and (3) spoil dump waters are essentially Na-HCO3 with high TDS. This article presents some hydrologic results and conclusions relating to the hydrogeological and environmental impacts of the coal mining in the Jharia coalfield. 相似文献
3.
华北安鹤煤田煤储层特征与煤层气有利区分布 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
通过对安鹤煤田采集煤样的煤质、显微组分、煤相、显微裂隙分析,等温吸附、低温氮比表面及孔隙结构和压汞孔隙结构测试,研究了该区煤层气赋存的地质条件、煤层气生气地质特征和煤储层物性特征。并采用基于G IS的多层次模糊数学评价方法计算了该区的煤层气资源量,预测了煤层气有利区分布。研究结果表明,该区煤层气总资源量为1 115.73×108m3,煤层气资源丰度平均为1.18×108m3/km2,具有很好的煤层气资源开发潜力。在煤田中部的四矿到八矿之间的地区以及北部的水冶镇附近地区,煤层累计有效厚度大、煤层气资源丰度高、煤层埋深适中、煤储层孔裂隙系统发育、渗透性高,是该区煤层气勘探开发的最有利目标区。 相似文献
4.
Prasenjit Das S. K. Pal P. R. Mohanty Piyush Priyam Abhay Kumar Bharti Rajwardhan Kumar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,90(2):169-174
Land subsidence is a serious problem in Indian coalfields due to old underground mine workings. Unfortunately, most of these are uncharted as no mine plans are available. The hidden galleries, goafs, shafts etc. may pose great threat for future mine development as well as to the local environment. The mine workings should be charted to undertake an effective preventive action. In the present study, 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique has been used to detect underground mine workings, mainly air or water filled galleries. Initially, the whole exercise has been executed through a synthetic model study. Gaussian random noise of 5mV/A has been added with synthetic data to demonstrate field condition which provides realistic results. ERT survey was conducted over a part of Jogidih coal mine of Jharia coal field in India for a first time. Four electrode configurations, Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole and gradient were considered for this study. The results indicate the presence of sub-surface water and air filled cavity due to high resistivity contrast with surroundings. 相似文献
5.
Mohammad Imran Malik M. Sultan Bhat Shahnaz Ahmad Najar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2016,87(6):716-726
The valley of Kashmir is blessed with abundant water resources. However, high population growth and concentration of population at favorable locations have resulted in increased demand for water. The problem is further aggravated in Lidder catchment where unplanned tourism development has resulted in deterioration of water quality. Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) approach is adopted using IRS P6 LISS III satellite data 2010, geological map published by Geological Survey of India, toposheets prepared by Survey of India, 1961 and field observation. Seven thematic layers (slope, lineament density, drainage density, soil, geology, geomorphology and land use land cover) are generated in GIS environment and weighted according to their relative relevance to groundwater occurrence. Knowledge-based weights and ranks are normalized, and a weighted linear combination technique is adopted to determine the groundwater potential (GWP). The catchment is divided into five zones of very high, high, medium, low and very low GWP. The results show that 50.22% of the total catchment area, which is uninhabited, has very low GWP. However, the densely populated southern part of the catchment has moderate to very high GWP. The study demonstrates that MCE using remote sensing and GIS technology could be efficiently employed as a very useful tool for the assessment and management of groundwater resources especially in regions where data is poor. 相似文献
6.
Jitendra Pandey Dheeraj Kumar D. C. Panigrahi V. K. Singh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(12):439
Coal is dominant energy source of world at large and India in particular for several decades and expected to being continued for foreseeable future. However, fire in this fossils fuel is still a global catastrophe for the major coal-producing countries. There are several direct and cascading distress of coal mine fire has been encountered by environment, economy, safety and society. Without knowledge of actual status and extent of coal mine fire, any scope for its better managements may be futile. In India, the coal mine fire of well-known Jharia coalfield (JCF) has been continued since last ten decades and still spreading towards newer areas. The aim of this paper is to highlight the chronological net lateral spatial changes in coal mine fire areas of JCF using Landsat satellite thermal imageries. The mapping of coal mine fire area of JCF during 1988–2013 has been carried out with consecutive 5-year intervals. The lateral changes in surface and subsurface fire areas along with propagation towards new area have been studied. The study also included to evaluate changes of status and extent fire during this time span and effect of its management efforts. On the basis of aforementioned analysis, the study concludes a slow reducing trend in coal mine fire area during last 25 years. 相似文献
7.
Suman Paul Rima Chatterjee 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2011,87(2):87-96
Accurate prediction of in-situ stress directions plays a key role in any Coal Bed Methane (CBM) exploration and exploitation project in order to estimate the production potential of the CBM reservoirs. Permeability is one of the most important factors for determination of CBM productivity. The coal seams in Jharia coalfield generally show low permeability in the range of 0.5 md to 3 md. To estimate the in-situ stress direction in the study area, an attempt has been made to undertake the cleat orientation mapping of four regional coal seams of two underground coal mines located at south-eastern part of Jharia coalfield, India. Cleat orientation mapping is critical to determine the maximum principal compressive horizontal stress (SH) direction for CBM exploration and exploitation, which in turn controls the direction of maximum gas or water flow though coal beds. From the field study it is found that the average face and butt cleat azimuths are towards N15°W and N75°E respectively. Average permeability of the four above-mentioned major coal seams has been calculated from well logs of nine CBM wells distributing over an area of 7.5 km2, adjacent to the underground mines. The cleat orientations are congruous with the regional lineament pattern and fits well with the average permeability contour map of the study area to infer the orientation of in-situ maximum horizontal stress. Goodness of fit for the exponential regressions between vertical stress and permeability for individual coal seams varies between 0.6 and 0.84. The cleat orientation is further validated from the previous fracture analysis using FMI well log in Parbatpur area located southern part of the Jharia coalfield. The major coal seams under the study area exhibit directional permeability, with the maximum permeability, oriented parallel to the direction of face cleat orientation. 相似文献
8.
合山市矿山地质环境影响评价研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
广西合山属于煤炭资源枯竭型城市,正在经历的市域经济转型与大规模城市建设,使得矿山地质环境影响评价成为一项基础性工作。将矿山地质环境影响评价划分为两个层次,即采矿活动对矿山地质环境影响评价和城市建设对地质环境的影响评价。选取矿山地质环境条件、矿山开采状况、矿山地质环境问题3个地质环境要素,地形地貌、植被覆盖率、岩土体工程特征、矿山分布密度、煤层倾斜角度、煤层采深采厚比、土地资源破坏强度、水资源破坏强度、地质灾害发育强度9个评价指标,首先应用模糊综合评价模型进行了第一层次的矿山地质环境影响评价,然后采用综合指数评价模型进行了第二层次的地质环境影响评价,结果显示,影响严重区、较严重区、一般区分别为62.87,118.84,175.99km2,各占市域面积的17.6%、33.2%、49.2%。评价结果可作为合山市矿山地质环境综合治理的重要依据。 相似文献
9.
10.
以广西某石灰岩矿山为例,着重介绍矿山地质环境影响评估的基本思路、分析方法及防治对策.在了解矿山基本情况和查清矿山地质环境问题的基础上,结合采矿工程场地地形及工程活动特点,从地质灾害、含水层、地形地貌景观和土地资源4个方面,对矿山配套工程逐项进行了矿山地质环境影响现状评估和预测评估.根据评估结果,将评估区划分为重点、次重点和一般3个防治区,并提出了相应的恢复治理措施. 相似文献
11.
Environmental impact assessment of open pit mining in Iran 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Mining is widely regarded as having adverse effects on environment of both magnitude and diversity. Some of these effects
include erosion, formation of sinkhole, biodiversity loss and contamination of groundwater by chemical from the mining process
in general and open-pit mining in particular. As such, a repeatable process to evaluate these effects primarily aims to diminish
them. This paper applies Folchi method to evaluate the impact of open-pit mining in four Iranian mines that lacked previous
geo-environmental assessment. Having key geologic resources, these mines are: Mouteh gold mine, Gol-e-Gohar and Chogart iron
mines, and Sarcheshmeh copper mine. The environmental components can be defined as public health and safety, social relationships,
air and water quality, flora and fauna hence, various impacting factors from the mining activities were estimated for each
environmental component. For this purpose, each impacting factor was first given a magnitude, based solely on the range of
possible scenarios. Thereafter, a matrix of weighted factors was derived to systematically quantify and normalize the effects
of each impacting factor. The overall impact upon each individual environmental component was then calculated by summing the
weighted rates. Here, Folchi method was applied to evaluate those environmental conditions. Based on the acquired results,
the present paper finally concludes that amongst four case histories in Iran, Sarcheshmeh copper mine significantly affects
the environment, with critical level of air pollution there. 相似文献
12.
安徽省两淮地区煤炭资源地质条件分区、分等初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地质变化程度及其所涉及的相关地质条件分类问题是影响勘查工程布置的主要因素。借鉴原国家煤炭部技术咨询委员会1992年所作的《矿井综合评价及分类》所建立的评价指标体系和层次分析评价办法,对两淮地区煤炭资源地质条件进行定性与定量相结合的分区、分等综合评价。首先以两淮地区现有的地质报告成果为依据,以矿区为基本评价单元,选择构造复杂程度和煤层稳定类型作为评价参数,将煤层赋存深度和水文地质条件作为修正参数,应用层次分析法建立起相应的评价指标体系,确定各层次权重系数及相关因素的隶属度,以此建立地质条件分等与煤层连续性、煤层连续性与构造复杂程度及煤层稳定程度之间的对应关系,并确定地质条件分等定量划分标准,在此基础上对两淮地区煤炭资源地质条件作出分区、分等综合评价：淮北煤田的宿县、临涣矿区和淮南煤田的潘谢、淮南定远矿区为地质条件Ⅱ～Ⅲ等区;淮北煤田的濉萧、涡阳矿区和淮南煤田新集矿区为地质条件Ⅳ等区。 相似文献
13.
矿业城市矿山地质环境综合治理对策研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文论述了矿业城市的含义,阐述了我国矿业城市的概况,分析了矿业城市的矿山地质环境问题特征,在此基础上提出了矿业城市矿山地质环境防治对策。指出矿业城市矿山地质环境综合治理应重点解决好矿山地质环境问题预防和矿山地质环境治理两大方面的问题,逐步偿还矿山地质环境的历史欠账,杜绝再欠新帐。 相似文献
14.
Several mines in the Witbank coalfield in South Africa are affected by acid mine drainage. This has led to a deterioration
in the water quality in many surface streams. The Loubert Mine is one such mine. Hence, an initial investigation was carried
out to determine the source of acid mine drainage pollution and the associated hydrogeological conditions. The investigation
showed that most of the acid mine drainage is emanating from old opencast workings which have been backfilled. Most of the
water from the backfilled area drains into control reservoirs. Unfortunately their capacity is limited, which means that water
overspills and seeps from them. This water finds its way into a nearby stream, the water of which accordingly has an unacceptably
low pH value and high sulphate content. The proposals advanced to control the problem basically involve inhibiting the amount
of water infiltrating the backfilled opencast area on the one hand and reducing the amount of water entering the control reservoirs
on the other.
Received: 5 March 1997 · Accepted: 17 June 1997 相似文献
15.
Dynamic Subsidence Characteristics in Jharia Coalfield,India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Amar Prakash Ajay Kumar Kalendra Bahadur Singh 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2014,32(3):627-635
Surface ground movements are usually described by a number of characteristic indices such as vertical displacement, horizontal strain and slope, which are an inevitable consequence of underground mining. Every point at the surface over a panel is subjected to strain and slope during mining and its investigation is essential to assess the safety of surface structures. Therefore, the behaviour of dynamic active and residual subsidence was studied for a few panels of Jharia coalfield. The subsidence and slope were linearly related to time. Compressive and tensile strains showed typical fluctuating characteristic behaviour. The rate of mining being a key and controlling parameter for rate of subsidence their inter-relationship was developed, which showed a rational trend. Compressive and tensile strains and slope showed poor correlation with rate of face advance. 相似文献
16.
Prediction of water quality from simple field parameters 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Water quality parameters like temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), oil and grease, etc., are calculated from the field while parameters like biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are interpreted through the laboratory tests. On one hand parameters like temperature, pH, DO, etc., can be accurately measured with the exceeding simplicity, whereas on the other hand calculation of BOD and COD is not only cumbersome but also inaccurate many times. A number of previous researchers have tried to use different empirical methods to predict BOD and COD but these empirical methods have their limitations due to their less versatile application. In this paper, an attempt has been made to calculate BOD and COD from simple field parameters like temperature, pH, DO, TSS, etc., using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. Datasets have been obtained from analysis of mine water discharge of one of the mines in Jharia coalfield, Jharkhand, India. 73 data sets were used to establish ANN architecture out of which 58 datasets were used to train the network while 15 datasets for testing the network. The results show encouraging similarity between experimental and predicted values. The RMSE values obtained for the BOD and COD are 0.114 and 0.983 %, respectively. 相似文献
17.
陕西省煤炭资源丰富,煤类分布齐全,以陕西省煤炭规划矿区为评价单元,在对矿区主要煤层煤岩煤质特征分析的基础上,参照特殊用煤资源潜力评价指标体系,对陕西省14个煤炭规划矿区液化、气化及焦化用煤资源进行了初步划分,结果表明:陕西省直接液化用煤和气化用煤资源丰富,焦化用煤相对较少,气化用煤主要分布于黄陇侏罗纪煤田黄陵矿区、旬耀矿区、彬长矿区和永陇矿区,陕北侏罗纪煤田的神府矿区、榆神矿区、榆横矿区以及陕北石炭-二叠系古城矿区;焦化用煤主要分布于渭北石炭-二叠纪煤田铜川矿区、蒲白矿区、澄合矿区和韩城矿区中高阶烟煤分布区,液化用煤主要分布于府谷矿区、榆横矿区、神府矿区、榆神矿区等低阶长焰煤分布地区;为陕西省煤化工产业布局和煤炭资源清洁高效利用提供了方向。 相似文献
18.
19.
A geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning often requires a large amount of spatial information. Geographic information systems (GIS) are capable of managing large amounts of spatially related information, providing the ability to integrate multiple layers of information and to derive additional information. A GIS-aid to the geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning is illustrated for the urban area of Lanzhou City and its vicinity in Northwest China. This evaluation incorporates topography, surficial and bedrock geology, groundwater conditions, and historic geologic hazards. Urban land-use is categorized according to the types of land-use and projects planned, such as high-rise building, multi-storey building, low-rise building, waste disposal, and natural conservation. Multi-criteria analysis is performed to evaluate development suitability of the geo-environment for each category, according to appropriately measured and weighted factors. A suitability map for each category is developed using an algorithm that combines factors in weighted linear combinations. It is demonstrated that the GIS methodology has high functionality for geo-environmental assessment. 相似文献
20.
全国六大优质无烟煤生产基地之一的永夏煤田,自20世纪70年代初,就陆续开展了煤炭资源的勘查工作,随着区内各矿区勘查阶段和勘查程度的逐步深入,部分矿区已相继建井开采。而针对整个煤田的水文地质及其开采技术条件的分析与评价,目前为止还没有一个完整的综合性成果。通过对区内各矿区、各勘查阶段成果及部分矿井开采资料的汇总和综合研究,认为区内的次级褶皱、断裂构造发育中等,构造复杂程度属中等;三煤组为砂岩裂隙水充水类型,水文地质条件属简单类型,二2煤层为底板砂岩裂隙充水和石炭系上统太原组灰岩裂隙岩溶水充水类型,水文地质条件属简单偏中等类型;煤层顶、底板总体属稳定-中等稳定;区内瓦斯普遍偏低,仅局部地段富集;除局部地段为二级高温区、地温增温异常外,其余大部为地温正常区和一级高温区。该研究为煤田或矿区的总体规划、矿井建设以及矿床开采中加强开采技术条件管理等方面,提供了基础性资料。 相似文献