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1.
本文首先阐明淮北市区为溶富小区。在岩溶水开采量稳定（３０万ｔ／ｄ）情况下，详述了十年来地下水位的动态变化，并认为降水量是水位变动的决定性因素。从剖析当地降水量的多年性周期循环入手，对未来地下水位作出了长期预测，并确认现有的开采水量在今后是有保证的。 相似文献
2.
三峡库区堆积层滑坡稳定性受库水位变动影响十分明显,库水变动下堆积层滑坡的演化过程与稳定性预测研究对防灾减灾具有重要的指导意义。基于库水变动与滑坡变形的响应关系,建立库水动力加卸载与位移速率响应耦合的加卸载响应比预测模型;建立库水变动与滑坡稳定系数的响应关系,进而确定库水变动下滑坡体的渗流场类型,并以滑坡稳定系数的变化率的正负来判断库水变动的加卸载作用。以黄莲树滑坡为例,预测其稳定性,并对预测结果进行验证。结果表明:黄莲树滑坡水平方向位移变化与库水变动存在响应关系,且响应具有明显的滞后性;库水变动下该滑坡的渗流场属于动水压力型,每个水文年中库水动力对滑坡有6个月为加载过程,1个月为卸载过程;滑坡监测点的加卸载响应比在2011年出现整体上升并大于1,揭示滑坡趋于失稳,对库水变动加卸载作用的响应加强。结论得到了宏观变形破坏迹象的验证,说明改进的加卸载响应比预测模型具有良好的预测效果。 相似文献
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4.
本文对水泥土桩强度的影响因素和低应变动测与水泥土桩强度特性的关系进行了分析，结合工程实践探讨了低应变动测法在水泥土桩质量检测中的适用性。 相似文献
5.
对水泥土桩强度的影响因素和低应变动测与水泥土强度特性的关系进行了分析，并结合工程实践就低应变动测法在水泥土桩质量检测中的适用性进行了探讨，对水泥土桩工程质量检测进行了有益的尝试。 相似文献
6.
大沽夹河地下水水源地地下水位警戒线划定初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下水位警戒线是实行地下水位预警管理的重要指标.应用地下水位动态模拟分析法和含水层厚度比例法,以两种方法确定的最高水位作为分析计算地下水警戒水位的基准水位,采用水均衡法分析计算地下水位警戒线,据此成果进行地下水位预警管理,能有效保障地下水资源可持续利用,防止发生水生态环境灾害. 相似文献
7.
渭北黄土原区，由于缺水制约着农业的发展，在引水上原后，却出现了地下水位上升等不均衡问题，使自然资源不能充分利用。通过三水转化研究，把双灌区水资源合理利用的诸多因素概化成数学调控模型，依据作物需水量，采用微机手段优化求解该试区地表水、地下水的用量与地下水位的关系，制定出灌区用水的动态监控过程，以达到科学合理地利用水资源。该模型经过四年的实施，收到了显著社会、经济效益。 相似文献
8.
以黄土塬边坡斜坡为例，建立地下水位与斜坡稳定性系数的关系，结果表明，在不考虑其它因素的影响下，斜坡的稳定性系数随着斜坡内地下水位的上升逐渐下降直至临界状态，地下水位每上升１ｍ，斜坡稳定性系数的降低０．０２５，据此可对斜坡的稳定性进行评价和预测。 相似文献
9.
以黄土塬边斜坡为例，建立地下水位与斜坡稳定性系数的关系。结果表明，在不考虑其它因素的影响下，斜坡的稳定性系数随着斜坡内地下水位的上升逐渐下降直至临界状态，地下水位每上升1m、斜坡稳定性系数约降低0．025，据此可对斜坡的稳定性进行评价和预测。 相似文献
10.
地下水动态预测的径向基函数法 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
地下水系统是一个复杂的随机系统，根据地下水位与其影响因素之间存在的映射关系，建立了一个RBF人工神经网络模型，并将其用于地下水位的动态预测，实例表明，该方法预测精度较高，具有一定的推广价值。 相似文献
11.
疏干开采条件下晋祠岩溶水系统的水箱模型 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
根据晋祠岩溶水系统的水均衡要素,建立晋祠岩溶水系统水箱模型及水均衡方程。使用晋祠岩溶水系统的补给量、排泄量和岩溶水位等数据建立晋祠岩溶水贮量的亏缺量与岩溶水位间的关系,采用非线性回归分析建立泉流量与岩溶水位的关系,并利用这两个关系替换水均衡方程中的未知量,从而求解所建水箱模型。通过1981至2006年的岩溶水位、亏缺量、泉流量数据检验所建模型,并以绝对误差的绝对值及线性相关系数评价模型的模拟效果。结果表明岩溶水位、亏缺量、泉流量模拟结果的误差均小于0.5,多数误差值小于0.01,线性相关系数均大于0.7,说明所建模型能够较准确地在以年为单位的时间尺度上模拟泉流量、岩溶水位和亏缺量的变化。该模型考虑了人工补给量、管井开采量及煤矿排水量等人为因素,可用于宏观的地下水资源保护及管理。 相似文献
12.
Use of water balance calculation and tritium to examine the dropdown of groundwater table in the piedmont of the North China Plain (NCP) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The groundwater table in the piedmont plain was only about 1–2 m in depth in the 1950s and 1960s, but it lowered dramatically afterwards to about 25–27 m in depth (currently 21–23 m above sea level) due to overpumping of groundwater and drought in the region. This change has adversely affected the sustainable development and food supply of this important agricultural area. The groundwater table at Luancheng Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, located in the piedmont, dropped from 39.36 m in 1975 to 21.47 m above sea level in 1999, at an average rate of 0.72 m/year. Water balance components, such as daily rainfall, pan-evaporation, and evapotranspiration (by lysimeter after 1995) have been recorded since the 1970s, and they were used as variants to simulate monthly water table change based on a physically based statistical model. Groundwater samples were collected during the period 1998–2001, and tritium was measured in the laboratory to trace the groundwater flow from the Taihang Mountains to the piedmont. A reasonable exploitation rate of 150 mm/year was obtained from the model by assuming the annual water table is constant. The recharge and groundwater flow from the Taihang Mountains plays an important role in the water balance of the piedmont area, and it was estimated to be about 112.5 mm/year by using the variation of tritium with the depth, which followed a good exponential function. The simple water balance calculation indicated that the water table could recede at a rate of 0.8 m/year, which is close to the actual situation. 相似文献
13.
文章利用野外试验设施分别把地下水埋深控制在1.0,1.4,1.8,2.2和2.5m,研究在不同地下水埋深作用下苏打盐渍土土壤水分平衡和水分动态变化。同时,跟踪在地下水位不断波动条件下田间土壤水分的动态变化。结果表明:地下水埋深在1.0~2.5m时,苏打盐渍土土壤水和地下水的转化关系非常微弱,仅在长期干旱的条件下发生微量地下水毛细上升量;降雨和蒸散作用对苏打盐渍土体积含水量的影响深度不超过40cm,埋深大于1.0m的潜水对0~80cm深度苏打盐渍土体积含水量变化没有明显影响。 相似文献
14.
为了确定巴丹吉林沙漠潜水蒸发强度与地下水埋深的关系,基于巴丹吉林沙漠的气候背景、砂土特征和不同地下水埋深时的典型植被特点设计了54种情景,利用Hydrus-1D建立不同情景下的SPAC水分运移模型,对周期性气象条件驱动下的潜水蒸发开展数值模拟。模拟结果表明:多年平均潜水蒸发量有着随地下水埋深增大而非线性减小的趋势;不同情景的极限埋深都大于3m,在埋深等于3m时潜水蒸发量都小于最大值的5%;当地下水埋深为0.5~1.5m时,潜水蒸发量对地下水埋深的变化最为敏感;当地下水埋深为1m时,潜水蒸发量对包气带岩性的变化也很敏感;在地下水埋深小于0.5m和大于1.5m的区间,气候、岩性、地下水埋深的变化对潜水蒸发量的影响变得微弱。另外,多年平均潜水蒸发量和地下水埋深的这种非线性关系可以用一个新提出的经验公式进行较为准确的拟合,将这个研究结果用于评价巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊集中区地下水的蒸发消耗,发现潜水蒸发总量显著大于湖面蒸发总量,前者约为后者的2.5~2.6倍,必须在沙漠水分平衡的分析中加以考虑。 相似文献
15.
地下水排泄在湖泊水量及营养盐均衡中发挥着重要作用,其中地下水向湖泊排泄的量化是关键,但目前对其时间变异性的研究却十分薄弱.针对这一科学问题,以长江中游重要调蓄湖泊-洞庭湖为例,通过收集1996~2017年洞庭湖流域的水文和气象数据,基于质量平衡模型,查明地下水排泄对洞庭湖水量均衡的贡献以及地下水向洞庭湖排泄强度随时间的变化.结果显示:（1）枯水期时地下水排泄量为（0.17~1.51）亿m3/d,地下水排泄强度为38.74~207.26 mm/d,地下水排泄对湖泊水量均衡的贡献为8.70%~30.37%;（2）地下水排泄量、地下水排泄强度、地下水排泄对湖泊水量均衡的贡献在1996~2017年间均呈现出明显的先降低再升高的变化趋势,三峡水库蓄水后至三峡工程全面竣工初期的地下水排泄相较于三峡水库蓄水前和三峡工程全面运行后显著降低;（3）三峡工程运行对长江水位及地下水位的改变可能是引起湖底地下水排泄时间变异性的重要原因.为洞庭湖区域的水量均衡提供了新的认识,也为今后洞庭湖区域水资源开发利用和区域生态安全管理提供了理论支撑. 相似文献
16.
Rashid Umar M. Muqtada A. Khan Izrar Ahmed Shakeel Ahmed 《Journal of Earth System Science》2008,117(1):69-78
The Kali-Hindon inter-stream region extends over an area of 395 km2 within the Ganga-Yamuna interfluve. It is a fertile tract for sugarcane cultivation. Groundwater is a primary resource for
irrigation and industrial purposes. In recent years, over-exploitation has resulted in an adverse impact on the groundwater
regime. In this study, an attempt has been made to calculate a water balance for the Kali-Hindon inter-stream region. Various
inflows and outflows to and from the aquifer have been calculated. The recharge due to rainfall and other recharge parameters
such as horizontal inflow, irrigation return flow and canal seepage were also evaluated. Groundwater withdrawals, evaporation
from the water table, discharge from the aquifer to rivers and horizontal subsurface outflows were also estimated. The results
show that total recharge into the system is 148.72 million cubic metres (Mcum), whereas the total discharge is 161.06 Mcum,
leaving a deficit balance of −12.34 Mcum. Similarly, the groundwater balance was evaluated for the successive four years.
The result shows that the groundwater balance is highly sensitive to variation in rainfall followed by draft through pumpage.
The depths to water level are shallow in the canal-irrigated northern part of the basin and deeper in the southern part. The
pre-monsoon and post-monsoon water levels range from 4.6 to 17.7 m below ground level (bgl) and from 3.5 to 16.5 m bgl respectively.
It is concluded that the groundwater may be pumped in the canal-irrigated northern part, while withdrawals may be restricted
to the southern portion of the basin, where intense abstraction has led to rapidly falling water table levels. 相似文献
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潜水蒸发蒸腾（ETg）是干旱半干旱地区浅埋深地下水最主要的排泄方式,也是地下水系统中重要的均衡项。如果存在气压效应,用于估算地下水蒸发蒸腾强度的传统水位波动法则不适用。以黄土潜水为例,提出了一种基于水位变化和大气压变化规律的水位图方法,用于消除气压效应以获取潜水蒸发蒸腾强度。研究表明,大气压变化通常在午夜前,一般为22:00—24:00,会出现一个峰值,该时间段气压效应可以忽略,而且潜水蒸发蒸腾强度最小,此时潜水位的变化速率相当于净补给速率;在获取潜水净补给强度后,选择第二个时间段,0:00—4:00,此时潜水蒸发蒸腾强度最小,且气压一般处于连续下降阶段,可以用来估算气压效应系数。在此基础上,可利用水位均衡和水位波动法方便地估算潜水蒸发蒸腾强度。该方法数据获取容易,估算结果也较为准确。 相似文献
18.
Spatial and temporal variation of groundwater recharge in shallow aquifer in the Thepkasattri of Phuket,Thailand 
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下载免费PDF全文 Whether groundwater resources can be sustainably utilized is largely determined and characterized by hydrogeological parameters.Estimating the groundwater recharge is one of the essential parameters for managing water resources and protecting water resources from contamination.This study researched the spatial and temporal variation of groundwater recharge in the Thepkasattri sub-district through integrating chloride mass balance(CMB)and water table fluctuation(WTF)methods.The chloride content of representative rainfall and groundwater samples was analyzed.Besides,WTF method was adopted from groundwater level data from 2012 to 2015.According to the CMB method,the mean recharge was estimated to be 1172 mm per year,accounting for 47%of the annual rainfall.Moreover,the estimated recharge from the WTF method took 26%of annual rainfall in 2015.The recharge was underestimated according to the WTF method,because of the uncertainty in specific yield estimates and the number of representative wells in the study area.Moreover,the correlation between rainfall and water table fluctuation data indicated the positive linear relationship between two parameters.The spatial recharge prediction indicated that recharge was higher(1200-1400 mm/yr)in the eastern and western catchment,while that in the central floodplains was between 800 mm/yr and 1100 mm/yr.In addition,low recharge value between 450 mm/yr and 800 mm/yr was observed in the south-west part of Thepkasattri.The spatial variation of recharge partly reflects the influences of land use and land cover of the study area. 相似文献
19.
利用包气带环境示踪剂评估张掖盆地降水入渗速率 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
降水入渗补给速率是干旱半干旱地区地下水资源评价和保护中的重要参数。长期以来在河西走廊中游盆地地下水资源评价中,一直认为地下水位埋深>5m的地带难以产生降水入渗补给。本文在黑河流域中游的张掖盆地分别选择沙丘区和裸地区,综合运用包气带同位素和水化学信息,开展了降水入渗补给研究。包气带氯质量平衡法结果表明:现代气候条件下,张掖盆地地下水位埋深>5m的地带仍存在降水入渗补给,在沙丘覆盖区,地下水位埋深6.3m时,降水入渗补给速率为13.3～14.4mm/a,入渗系数0.10～0.11;在裸地区,地下水位埋深8.6m时,降水入渗补给速率为16.8～18.4mm/a,入渗系数0.13～0.14。 相似文献
20.
A strong geochemical gradient was observed in the thick overburden aquifer of the Asa drainage basin. Different types of
groundwater occur at different (downslope) locations and groundwater table depths. The following sequence was noticed with
increasing distance downslope or with increasing groundwater table depth:
1. Ca–Mg–HCO3 water at about 390-m groundwater table elevations or upslope locations.
2. Ca–Mg–HCO3–Cl water at middle-slope locations or groundwater table elevations of about 350 m above sea level;
3. Ca–Mg–SO4–Cl water at downslope locations or groundwater table elevations of about 300 m above sea level.
In this basin, changes in the type of water are expected at about every 40–50 m depth from the surface. Statistical analysis
via the determination of the correlation coefficient (r) and regression analysis shows that about 80–99% of the variation in groundwater chemistry is accounted for by the topography,
using the model presented in this paper. The rate of change in the sequence will depend on the permeability of the aquifer,
which determines the rate of groundwater flow and the residence time, and the nature of recharge.
Received: 4 February 1997 · Accepted: 22 July 1997 相似文献