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天津软土场地对地震动参数的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
天津市区的场地条件为很厚而松软的第四纪沉积物,覆盖层较厚,地貌属海积—冲积平原,对地震动参数的影响很大。本文以海河东岸的天津嘉里中心工程场地为例,通过场地地震动效应分析,研究场地特征对地震动的影响。结果表明,土层地震反应分析得到的地震动峰值和反应谱与GB50011-2001《建筑抗震设计规范》的规定有明显的差别,抗震设计中的根据场地类别调整地震动的方法不足以完全描述场地地震反应特性,也难以反映天津厚软土场地的实际情况。可以认为,对于天津软土场地,采用经场地土层地震动效应分析所得地震动参数更为合理安全。 相似文献
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场地土对基岩峰值加速度放大效应分析 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
通过实际土层地震反应结果的统计分析和强震加速度观测结果的对比, 讨论了不同场地条件对基岩峰值加速度的放大效应及其特点。该分析可为地震动参数区划图编制和地震安全性评价中场地效应的估计、由基岩地震动估算场地地面地震动提供参考。 相似文献
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地震地面效应是地震工程和工程地震工作者共同关心的问题.前者着重研究地震动对上部结构的影响,后者则主要从事研究地震动对场地地基工程地质条件的影响.1979年对北京市区所作的一维地震反应分析,得出了土层厚度是影响地震地面运动的主要因素.输入地震动的卓越周期及其加速度峰值对反应谱形状的影响较时程曲线的影响明显.但一维方法只反映有界水平层及地震垂向上传.二维动力有限元地震反应分析改进了上述局限性,它可以研究任意形状的地基地质结构,能够反映埋藏基岩地形对地震波的折射、反射所产生的能量聚、散效应,埋藏基岩地形对地震地面效应的影响比上复松软土层土质不均匀的影响要大.超声地震模型实验首次引入工程地震学的研究课题中,得到了与上述数值分析方法相似的结果,并提出若干新问题.它提供了一种能够全面模拟震源—传播途径—场地地质结构的综合研究方法. 相似文献
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研究等效线性化方法中土体动力参数不确定性对场地地震反应的影响,提出了可考虑土体动力特征参数间相关性的土体动剪切模量和动阻尼曲线随机样本生成方法,基于Matlab开发一维等效线性化场地地震反应分析计算程序,用于开展场地地震反应随机动力分析。以Ⅱ类成层场地为例建立一维自由场分析模型,采用不同地震设防水准下露头基岩场地加速度反应谱为目标反应谱,合成人工地震记录折半后作为场地下卧基岩处的输入。计算结果表明,考虑土体动力特征参数不确定性对场地地震反应具有较大的影响,且影响程度与地震动强度、频谱成分及场地基本周期均密切相关;场地最大峰值加速度和地表加速度反应谱的波动范围随地震动强度等级的增加而变大,且最大峰值应变和最大峰值加速度的波动范围可达10%和14%;目标反应谱平台段及场地基本周期处对应的场地地表加速度反应谱的波动范围超过20%。 相似文献
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上海软土场地三维非线性地震反应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考虑土的非线性,采用弹塑性边界面模型,对上海软土场地进行三维地震反应分析。利用多维地震动作用下的水平地层弹塑性动力反应分析程序,以具有水平和垂直三向完整加速度记录的Taft波作为地震输入,对比分析单向和多向地震输入场地水平和竖向地震反应特征,并分析不同强度地震动输入下竖向和水平加速度峰值比特征及地下水位变化对场地土层地震反应特征的影响。计算分析表明,竖向与水平向地震反应特征有较大差异;与水平单向地震输入相比,三向地震输入场地土层放大效应明显增大;地下水位上升对水平向和竖向峰值加速度的放大效应影响差异显著,地下水位上升,地表水平峰值加速度放大效应增大,竖向峰值加速度放大效应减小,研究结果对上海地区的工程抗震设计具有参考作用。 相似文献
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岩土工程场地勘测数据一般包含多个土体参数的数据,这些数据不仅具有交叉相关性,而且具有三维空间自相关性。如何有效地利用这些数据去量化土体参数的不确定性是一个富有挑战性的问题。为此,提出了考虑多源勘测数据三维空间相关性的土体参数联合概率密度函数估计方法。首先介绍了基于单钻孔多源勘测数据（仅考虑勘测数据垂直相关性）的土体参数概率密度方法,在此基础上,提出了基于Gibbs抽样的考虑多钻孔多源勘测数据垂直和水平相关性的土体参数概率密度函数估计方法。最后以一模拟虚拟场地和美国德克萨斯州一实际场地为例阐明了所提方法的有效性。结果表明,所提方法能为融合多源勘测数据的场地土体参数不确定性量化提供一种有效分析工具。采用多钻孔勘测数据能够有效地降低土体参数的统计不确定性。 相似文献
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在核电站安全性评价中,场地地震动反应分析是核安全评价中最重要的工作。拟建四川棱电站选址于沉积岩地层。沉积岩场地的共同特点是岩体的不均匀性,即成层性,有不同的倾角,各层有不同的物理力学特性,有不同的风化程度,有的位于盆地中,有的位于盆地边缘。这些特性,使场地地震动反应计算更加困难。因此,要准确评价场地条件对地震动反应的影响,就必须解决如下问题：场地软硬程度对地震加速度的放大特性;沉积岩场地的风化程度对场地地震波的放大特性;在盆地中的沉积岩场地的“盆地效应”对地震波的放大特性;地震波本身的随机性;沉积岩场地的地震动反应分析模型及工程分析计算软件研究。 相似文献
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动剪切模量比的不确定性会对场地地震反应计算的结果产生较大的影响,而目前对这种影响的研究多限于定性分析,笔者利用渤海海域典型场地对这一影响进行定量分析。首先,建立了土层地震反应计算模型;然后,在不改变影响土层地震反应计算结果其他参量的前提下,赋予了原动剪切模量比一系列偏差并求得了场地反应谱的变化;最后,得到了反应谱对动剪切模量比的敏感度。结果表明:1)在动剪切模量比曲线增大(或减小)后,在基准反应谱的特征周期附近,存在一个反应谱相对于基准反应谱由增大转变为减小(或由减小转变为增大)的转变点。2)在概率水准2和3下:反应谱平台段对动剪切模量比的敏感度最高,其值基本上分布在1.0~3.0;反应谱下降段的敏感度绝对值随着周期的增大先迅速增大后逐渐趋于0,最大值达1.0以上;反应谱上升段的敏感度分布平稳,其值多分布在1.0~2.0。 相似文献
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简要地总结了当前地震小区划工作中有关砂土液化的判别、地基土震陷、土坡稳定性、土动力参数测定及土层地震反应分析等方面的土动力学问题。评述了地震小区划工作中涉及的上述土动力学问题的研究方法和工程应用情况。讨论了在这一研究领域内存在的科学问题和今后的研究方向。 相似文献
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针对地铁建设中典型的马蹄形断面隧道建立比例尺为1∶20的分析模型,并采用数值分析方法研究马蹄形隧道处于单一土层及工程所处区域典型的成层土体中时的动力响应。分析结果表明,在单一土层中由于土体的约束作用,结构产生的位移以整体沉降为主,在成层土体中除产生一定的整体变形外还伴随一定的扭转变形。在两种地层情况下马蹄形地铁隧道在地震动力作用下的动力加速度响应、竖向位移均在拱顶处产生最大值,其中在单一土层中的加速度响应最大值为结构中部加速度的2.29倍。结构在顶部和侧板处所产生的动应力响应值也较大。研究表明,地震动力荷载作用下顶板、侧板均为受力较大部位,在设计和施工中应予以充分重视。 相似文献
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引入“结构动力学数值分析解析递推格式法”求解软土地基地震反应分析问题。就一维地基非线性地震反应分析问题,将解析递推格式方法与等效线性化方法在各种场地土的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明：(1) 对软土层地震反应分析时,两种方法计算结果差别较大; （2）入射波幅值较强时,两种方法计算结果差别较大;（3）对于中等硬度土层、入射波幅值较弱时,计算结果相似, 并验证了该方法的实用有效性。 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(1):101460
Australia is a relatively stable continental region but not tectonically inert, having geological conditions that are susceptible to liquefaction when subjected to earthquake ground motion. Liquefaction hazard assessment for Australia was conducted because no Australian liquefaction maps that are based on modern AI techniques are currently available. In this study, several conditioning factors including Shear wave velocity (Vs30), clay content, soil water content, soil bulk density, soil thickness, soil pH, distance from river, slope and elevation were considered to estimate the liquefaction potential index (LPI). By considering the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) technique, peak ground acceleration (PGA) was derived for 50 yrs period (500 and 2500 yrs return period) in Australia. Firstly, liquefaction hazard index (LHI) (effects based on the size and depth of the liquefiable areas) was estimated by considering the LPI along with the 2% and 10% exceedance probability of earthquake hazard. Secondly, ground acceleration data from the Geoscience Australia projecting 2% and 10% exceedance rate of PGA for 50 yrs were used in this study to produce earthquake induced soil liquefaction hazard maps. Thirdly, deep neural networks (DNNs) were also exerted to estimate liquefaction hazard that can be reported as liquefaction hazard base maps for Australia with an accuracy of 94% and 93%, respectively. As per the results, very-high liquefaction hazard can be observed in Western and Southern Australia including some parts of Victoria. This research is the first ever country-scale study to be considered for soil liquefaction hazard in Australia using geospatial information in association with PSHA and deep learning techniques. This study used an earthquake design magnitude threshold of Mw 6 using the source model characterization. The resulting maps present the earthquake-triggered liquefaction hazard and are intending to establish a conceptual structure to guide more detailed investigations as may be required in the future. The limitations of deep learning models are complex and require huge data, knowledge on topology, parameters, and training method whereas PSHA follows few assumptions. The advantages deal with the reusability of model codes and its transferability to other similar study areas. This research aims to support stakeholders’ on decision making for infrastructure investment, emergency planning and prioritisation of post-earthquake reconstruction projects. 相似文献
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The populated and expanding city of Chandigarh is located in the foothills of Himalaya, near the potentially active Main Frontal
Thrust (MFT). A hazard assessment for this city is consequently of major importance. Thick sediments underlies the city and
that can potentially amplify the earthquake shaking and contribute to an earthquake disaster in the city. The present study
applies the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) ambient noise methodology to estimate the resonance frequency of
the soft sediments and to obtain a first order estimate of sediment thickness.
The study indicates that the soil thickness range from 30 to 270 m and that the resonance frequencies vary from 0.236 to 1.479
Hz. A smooth correlation function between soil thickness and resonance frequency is found, indicating relatively homogeneous
soil. 相似文献
16.
黄河上游地区是中国地质灾害特别发育的地区之一。主要地质灾害有：地震、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流以及水土流失、土地沙漠化、土地盐碱化、黄土湿陷、融冻等，除了直接威胁人民生命财产安全和各种工程设施安全外，还严重破坏国土资源和生态环境，是阻碍西部大开发和可持续发展的重要因素。受地质、地貌以及气候等条件控制，各地区地质灾害发育情况有很大差异，可划分为3个地质灾害类型区：以土地沙漠化、盐碱化和地震为主的北部区；以地震、崩滑流和水土流失灾害为主的中部区和以融冻为主的西南部及西北部区，3个灾害区又可进一步划分为13个亚区。 相似文献
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Ferhat Ozcep Engin Erol Fatih Saraçoğlu Mustafa Haliloğlu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(6):1617-1630
Slope failures triggered by earthquakes are among the most important soil mechanics problems. In this study, static and pseudostatic analyses of slope stability for earthquake conditions were carried out in the Gurpinar area. In situ testing (SPT) was carried out and laboratory samples were obtained from six boreholes (maximum depth 50.0 m) to determine soil classification and strength characteristics. Geophysical studies (seismic refraction and MASW) were also carried out in the area to estimate the structure and stiffness strength characteristics of the slope to 50.0 m depth. All field and laboratory data were used to determine the mechanical and structural (geometrical) behavior of the slope. In order to solve the slope stability problem, three soil slope models were considered. Pseudostatic analysis was carried out to estimate the earthquake acceleration seismic hazard in the region. These analyses showed that, while there was no potential slope instability under static load conditions, some problems would appear with increasing earthquake acceleration. A geotechnical slope improvement project is proposed for the study area. 相似文献
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文章试图利用静探技术定量评价场地和地基地震效应。通过对静探技术与波速试验的原理研究,得出两者成正相关关系,并选取8个工程共12组静探、波速试验孔,应用多种数理统计技术进行相关分析,分别建立粘性土及砂性土的等效剪切波速计算公式。并得到了工程验证,效果良好。 相似文献
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In this study, soil response was carried out for the Greater Delhi region. A folded Proterozoic formation was identified as Delhi ridge, passes through its central part along SSW–NNE direction, and appears to be a main geomorphic feature for the study area. The Delhi ridge is an exposed quartzite rock of about 10–100 m wide and ~25 km long with gentler dipping both toward east and west. We have considered the exposed part as an outcrop side near the ridge axis and the dipping area as rigid base away from the ridge axis for ground motion study during the occurrence of the 25 November 2007 earthquake with magnitude M L 4.3 (Richter scale) that occurred at Delhi–Haryana State boundary. The degree of shaking was very strong and reported major cracks in the buildings near the epicenter area. We have studied the soil response parameters at the surface level, considering horizontally stratified soil layers above rigid base. The equivalent linear method was used for soil response analysis at 25 sites in Greater Delhi area. The peak amplification factors vary from 3.2 to 5.9 and peak resonance frequency varies from 1.2 to 5.3 Hz. The correlation among the peak amplification factor (A) and frequency (f) was empirically established as A = 0.36f + 3.60. Increasing peak amplification factor was found at sites with increasingly thicker alluvium deposit with lower frequency contains ground motion and vice versa. Seismic zoning map was also reconstructed for peak amplification factors and predominant periods for the study area for the mitigation purposes of earthquake damage. The average shear wave velocity up to 30 m soil depth is also obtained for site classification. The average velocity to 30 m [ $ \overline{{V_{\text{s}} }} (30) $ ] is a widely used parameter for classifying sites for predicting their potentiality to amplify seismic shaking. A lower value [ $ \overline{{V_{\text{s}} }} (30) $ ] thus yields a more conservative estimate of ground motion, which generally increases as $ \overline{{V_{\text{s}} }} (30) $ decreases. Present estimate of $ \overline{{V_{\text{s}} }} (30) $ varies from 315 to 419 m/s. In this study, we have identified two site classes C and D, as per National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program. The city planner or engineers can directly use these data for site-specific assessment during retrofitting of the existing structure, demolition of the old buildings and design a new structure to avoid major destruction of the buildings due to future earthquake. 相似文献