共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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简述了精确测定相对自行的方法,特别介绍了在用2～3个历元的底片和CCD观测结果推导恒星自行的过程中如何消除光学视场畸变、星等差和色差的具体办法;并介绍了用星系把相对自行推算绝对自行的方法。还介绍了用自行资料研究银河系结构和演化的一些前沿课题,其中包括星团研究、与银河系兼并的矮星系的发现、暗物质的检测、外星行星的探测和银河系中心黑洞的质量估算等。最后评价了自行在研究银河系中的重要性,论述了我国研制4m光学/近红外望远镜的重要意义。 相似文献
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测量天体的位置、距离和空间运动是天文学研究中最基本的任务,而且已经持续了几个世纪。天体物理学参量的估计直接或者间接地依赖于它们的测量。恒星的绝对物理量,如恒星光度、半径和质量,直接取决于距离的测量。通过测量自行（即恒星运动在二维平面天空上的投影）、视向速度和距离,我们可以获得恒星的三维空间运动。它能帮助我们知道当前银河系的运动和动力学性质,从而使我们回溯整个银河系的演化历史。 相似文献
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本文对银河系恒星形成区的OH和H_2O脉泽的观测、研究的各个方面:形态特征、生成区域、运动状况、时变性质、物理环境和脉泽产生机制,作了简要的综述。 相似文献
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一、研究银河系的意义银河系是太阳所属的星系,研究它可使我们了解太阳和地球在宇宙间所占的地位,也帮助我们了解太阳和地球的过去和将来.银河系结构和动力学的研究是解决恒星的起源和演化问题的一条重要途径,尤其是银河系的次系和星族的研究,包括各个次系的结构、空间分布和运动情况、以及成员的化学组成等,对于恒星起源演化的研究提供了重要的线索.银河系的结构和动力学的详尽研究是研究河外星系及其各种集团的基础. 相似文献
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介绍了银河系中各种化学元素丰度随金属丰度的变化规律。结合恒星核合成理论,可以了解银河系的形成和演化过程。另外,某些化学元素丰度存在的弥散可能是恒星形成时银河系环境的不均匀性造成的。 相似文献
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<正>恒星的化学元素丰度特征能够反映其形成和演化历史.以化学元素丰度为手段,研究了银河系中恒星的径向迁移对银河系化学演化的影响,以及球状星团中渐进巨星支(AGB)恒星的多星族问题.近年的观测和理论研究表明:恒星在银盘里有径向迁移.基于详细的银河系化学演化模型,再采用分布函数模拟恒星径向迁移过程,研究了恒星的径向迁移对银盘径向元素丰度梯度的影响.结果显示: 相似文献
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本文从气体动力学的基本方程出发,讨论了在银河系的恒星和气体的总合引力场作用下,星际气体的大尺度三维结构.求出了星际气体空间分布的精确解,用此结果讨论了盘状星系中气体的峰值分布问题.分析了星系翼的一般特征,并具体地计算了银河系中星际气体的等密度曲线,提出了银河翼结构的一些可能趋势. 相似文献
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为建立银河系自转理论,由视向速度观测得到的较差自转效应曾用 O 型星及 B 型星、银河星团、造父变星等类天体详尽研究过.这方面的研究,不但显著证实银河系自转理论,而且可以决定自转参数,而自转参数又可以用来研究银河系的自转周期,系内力学定律及质量分布等问题.假定系内恒星的运动在稳定状态,且都绕核心作圆周运动.某恒星和银河系中心(简称银心)的距离为 R,银径为 l,银纬为 b,则因银河系自转而产生的视向速度较差效应 相似文献
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《天文学进展》2020,(3)
近期的研究认为,银河系核球是侧面看到的棒,由原初盘演化而来,并非由星系并合形成。核球形成的时间在银河系演化早期,而后续来自晕的气体吸积在银河系薄盘处形成的新恒星对核球是否会造成比较大的动力学影响,仍是一个重要的问题。通过在盘上添加新粒子的方法模拟薄盘的形成,发现在大多数情况下薄盘形成并没有对核球的平均速度、速度弥散、棒的强度和旋转速度产生明显的影响;但是在恒星形成率特别大或者新形成的恒星特别接近棒的时候,核球区的恒星速度弥散、棒的强度和旋转速度会同时增大。薄盘恒星在加入1～2 Ga后,在经度3°～10°处其视向速度分布有可能存在类似APOGEE巡天中观测到的高速峰。高速峰的形成时间与恒星添加位置有关,添加位置离棒越近,高速峰越早形成。 相似文献
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A comparative analysis of the evolution of integrated photometric parameters for young star formation complexes in spiral
and irregular galaxies and open star clusters in our Galaxy is performed. Extragalactic star formation complexes seen as giant
H II regions and open star clusters in the Milky Way are shown to represent a single evolutionary sequence of objects at different
stages of their evolution when the extinction is properly taken into account. 相似文献
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Leonardo Bronfman 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2008,313(1-3):81-85
During the past decade we have compiled a large molecular line data base of massive star forming regions in the southern Milky Way. These regions are confined into giant molecular clouds that trace the galactic spiral arms. Their radial distribution has a pronounced peak midway between the Sun and the galactic center, which in the IV quadrant corresponds to the location of the Norma Spiral arm. We study in some detail one of the foremost regions of massive star formation in the Norma arm, using millimeter continuum and line emission maps obtained with the SEST, APEX, and ASTE telescopes. It is a multiple system evolving along a complete GMC core, candidate for future ALMA observations. 相似文献
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Akiko Kawamura 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2008,313(1-3):145-151
Star formation is a fundamental process that dominates the life-cycle of various matters in galaxies: Stars are formed in
molecular clouds, and the formed stars often affect the surrounding materials strongly via their UV photons, stellar winds,
and supernova explosions. It is therefore revealing the distribution and properties of molecular gas in a galaxy is crucial
to investigate the star formation history and galaxy evolution. Recent progress in developing millimeter and sub-millimeter
wave receiver systems has enabled us to rapidly increase our knowledge on molecular clouds. In this proceedings, the recent
results from the surveys of the molecular clouds in the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds as well as the Galactic center
as the most active regions in the Milky Way are presented. The high sensitivity with unrivaled high resolution of ALMA will
play a key role in detecting denser gas that is tightly connected to star formation. 相似文献
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《New Astronomy Reviews》2000,44(4-6):369-373
The origin of HI shells in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies may be connected to the energy released by young and massive OB stars, supernova or hypernova explosions, or to the energy inputs related to gamma ray bursts. We describe the evolution of shells in spiral and dwarf galaxies and distinguish between different origins. We also discuss the conditions, when they fragment and trigger star formation. 相似文献
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从星系形成和演化的角度出发，对星系结构和动力学进行的粗略的评述，内容包括：（1）初步描述了星系中各主要成分的物理特征（空间分布，运行学和化学）及其形成和演化，（2）Damped Lyman-alpha systems(DLAs)是本地星系的化石，对其进行观测研究是HST的主要任务之一，对DLAs宽的谱线轮廓的物理机制和其恒星形成，化学演化进行了讨论，（3）目前已证明Lyman Break方法是发现高红移高恒星形成星系的有效手段，讨论了Lyman Break Galaxies的动力学过程和恒星形象，（4）旋涡星系和椭圆星系的Scaling Law是星系形成和演化所必须解释的问题，对近期该方面的研究结果作了介绍，（5）整体超星的反馈作用在星系形成和演化中起了重要作用，评述了该物理过程对星系演化的影响；（6）随着观测资料的不断积累，各种物体对河外背景辐射的贡献已成了一个重要的研究方向，讨论了宇宙整体的星形成历史和化学演化，（7）银河系是进行星系形成和演化研究的归算零点，介绍了银河系的结构，动力学及演化。 相似文献
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We examine the local stability of galactic discs against axisymmetric density perturbations with special attention to the different dynamics of the stellar and gaseous components. In particular, the discs of the Milky Way and of NGC 6946 are studied. The Milky Way is shown to be stable, whereas the inner parts of NGC 6946, a typical Sc galaxy from the Kennicutt sample, are dynamically unstable. The ensuing dynamical evolution of the composite disc is studied by numerical simulations. The evolution is so fierce that the stellar disc heats up dynamically on a short time-scale to such a high degree, which seems to contradict the morphological appearance of the galaxy. The star formation rate required to cool the disc dynamically is estimated. Even if the star formation rate in NGC 6946 is at present high enough to meet this requirement, it is argued that the discs of Sc galaxies cannot sustain such a high star formation rate for extended periods. 相似文献
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X. Hernández Vladimir Avila-Reese Claudio Firmani 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,327(1):329-338
We use a cosmological galactic evolutionary approach to model the Milky Way. A detailed treatment of the mass aggregation and dynamical history of the growing dark halo is included, together with a self-consistent physical treatment for the star formation processes within the growing galactic disc. This allows us to calculate the temporal evolution of star and gas surface densities at all galactic radii, in particular, the star formation history (SFH) at the solar radius. A large range of cosmological mass aggregation histories (MAHs) is capable of producing a galaxy with the present-day properties of the Milky Way. The resulting SFHs for the solar neighbourhood bracket the available observational data for this feature, the most probable MAH yielding the optimal comparison with these observations. We also find that the rotation curve for our Galaxy implies the presence of a constant density core in its dark-matter halo. 相似文献
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We have constructed a dynamo model for the magnetic field in spiral galaxies that takes into account the differences in star formation rates in different galaxies. The difficulty in constructing the model is that the star formation rate does not enter directly into the equations of magnetohydrodynamics, which include only the root-mean-square velocity of the interstellar gas, its density, and the half-thickness of the ionized gas disk. We propose a parametrization of these quantities that relates them to the star formation rate and investigate our model in terms of the so-called no-z approximation, which neglects the details of the magnetic field structure in a direction perpendicular to the galactic disk. The influence of the star formation rate on the galactic dynamo is a threshold one. This influence is small at moderate star formation rates and significant only at very high star formation rates. If the starburst intensity reaches some critical level (exceeding that in the Milky Way by an order of magnitude), then the large-scale magnetic field is destroyed and it is restored only after completion of the starburst. We provide a list of galaxies that exhibit a fairly high star formation rate and that can be interesting to study their magnetic fields. 相似文献