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1.
Mechanical responses induced by temperature and air pressure significantly affect the stability and durability of underground compressed air energy storage (CAES) in a lined rock cavern. An analytical solution for evaluating such responses is, thus, proposed in this paper. The lined cavern of interest consists of three layers, namely, a sealing layer, a concrete lining and the host rock. Governing equations for cavern temperature and air pressure, which involve heat transfer between the air and surrounding layers, are established first. Then, Laplace transform and superposition principle are applied to obtain the temperature around the lined cavern and the air pressure during the operational period. Afterwards, a thermo-elastic axisymmetrical model is used to analytically determine the stress and displacement variations induced by temperature and air pressure. The developments of temperature, displacement and stress during a typical operational cycle are discussed on the basis of the proposed approach. The approach is subsequently verified with a coupled compressed air and thermo-mechanical numerical simulation and by a previous study on temperature. Finally, the influence of temperature on total stress and displacement and the impact of the heat transfer coefficient are discussed. This paper shows that the temperature sharply fluctuates only on the sealing layer and the concrete lining. The resulting tensile hoop stresses on the sealing layer and concrete lining are considerably large in comparison with the initial air pressure. Moreover, temperature has a non-negligible effect on the lined cavern for underground compressed air storage. Meanwhile, temperature has a greater effect on hoop and longitudinal stress than on radial stress and displacement. In addition, the heat transfer coefficient affects the cavern stress to a higher degree than the displacement. 相似文献
2.
内衬式岩洞高压储气库兼具抽取率高、循环能力强,且能承受更高的内压力等优点,克服了传统压缩空气储能系统的诸多缺陷,是一种应用前景广阔的储能方式。论文以洞室埋深、内径和间距等3个最主要的储气库布局参数为影响因素,采用ABAQUS有限元软件基于正交试验设计模拟工况,以关键点的位移和塑性区面积作为评价指标,通过单因素试验研究了洞室间距、埋深及内径对围岩变形和稳定性的影响规律,提出了洞室群优化布局建议。研究表明:洞室埋深是影响储气库围岩变形和塑性区面积的最显著因素,其次为洞距和洞径;随着埋深的增大洞室围岩塑性区的发育区域得到有效的抑制,且塑性区主要分布于洞室顶部;增大洞距可有效削弱高内压对围岩的启裂效应;衬砌的最大拉应力主要分布在结构的顶部和底部,增大埋深或减小高径比都有助于提高衬砌的稳定性;综合分析表明储气库群的最优布局方案为埋深400 m、内径42 m、间距60 m。研究成果为内衬式高压储气库群的优化布局和稳定性评价提供了参考依据。 相似文献
3.
大规模压气储能洞室稳定性和洞周应变分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下储气构造物是压气储能(CAES)电站选址的决定因素,其中人工开挖的硬岩洞室因其受地质构造限制小、适应范围广而备受关注。针对压气储能地下洞室方案选型和密闭性要求,选择了典型的洞室埋深(200、300、500 m),考虑不同的洞室形式(隧道式和大罐式)和洞室尺寸,采用Abaqus有限元软件计算出高内气压下压气储能洞室围岩的塑性区和洞周应变。通过分析开挖后和充气后两个工况下围岩的受力和变形特征,获得合适的洞室形式。当围岩级别为Ⅱ级、内压为10 MPa的情况下,埋深为300 m的圆形洞室和大罐式洞室稳定性较好,该埋深下6 m直径圆形洞室最大洞周应变为7.55410??,容积为5 310 m大罐式洞室最大洞周应变为5.54410??,以上值都在一般橡胶类高分子密封材料的正常工作范围内,这为密封材料在不同温度下的延伸率和耐久性研究提供了基础数据。 相似文献
4.
溶蚀岩体三维随机洞体数学模型的设计 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
溶蚀岩体是地质体中一种特定的岩体 ,它在水流等自然因素作用下 ,生成了许多溶蚀洞体 ,本文首先对作为其载体的三维地质体进行数学描述和显示 ,然后对如何确定椭球洞体形状和大小、复杂洞体的生成、三维随机洞体的数学模型以及确定性洞体的数学描述和计算机显示进行了详尽的阐述。本文提出的溶蚀岩体三维随机洞体的数学模型为溶蚀岩体的溶蚀率和渗透特性的研究提供了可视化手段 ,能够有力地指导溶蚀岩体三维随机洞体的计算机显示的编程实践 相似文献
5.
The compressed air energy storage(CAES) is a much-awaited new system for load leveling power supply. An economical system must be developed, preventing leakage of stored air (with pressures of more than 20 atm) using groundwater pressure surrounding an unlined cavern in hard rock. The air tightness of the rock around the cavern must be confirmed. In this study, the hydrogeology of the test site was examined prior to field air tightness tests in the borehole. The results indicate that, when evaluating the hydrogeology of the test site related to the air tightness of rocks, it is necessary to understand the geological structure and fracture characteristics of the site. This is done by means of a field survey, investigations and tests in and between the boreholes, and the examination of the distribution of permeability and pore water pressures. 相似文献
6.
利用地下岩穴进行压缩空气储能是大规模能源存储的可行方式之一。压缩空气地下储存库建设的核心任务是保证储气库的密封性和洞室结构安全性。为了验证浅埋地下储气库的可行性,在湖南平江抽水蓄能电站勘探平硐的花岗岩地层内建造了国内第1个硬岩浅埋衬砌地下储气室,并进行了10次完整的压缩空气充放气循环试验。试验结果表明：储气室内压缩空气温度场呈现出显著不均匀分布的特性,温控系统可以有效地控制储气室的温度变化过程。长时高压储气条件下,试验库的漏气率约为充气率的3.2%,试验库密封性能良好。在8.7 MPa的内压作用下围岩的最大变形量只有0.35 mm左右,高内压引起的变形影响区在10 m范围内,围岩变形安全性良好。试验成果有助于全面深入地认识高压地下储气库的工作性能,并为压气储能地下储气库的设计提供有益参考。 相似文献
7.
Ming Lu 《Engineering Geology》1998,49(3-4):353-361
A three-dimensional finite element analysis was performed to simulate field tests at a pilot gas storage project. The storage was a shallow rock cavern lined with a 6 mm thick steel liner. During the tests, high internal pressure up to 52 MPa was applied and deformation of both rock mass and the steel liner was recorded. The maximum rock displacements of less than 6 mm was numerically predicted and fits the measurement very well. The three-dimensional nonlinear finite element modeling has confirmed the overall stability of the structure and revealed the functioning of each structural component, including the rock mass, concrete lining and the steel liner. 相似文献
8.
注采气套管结构是保证盐岩地下储气库注采气正常运行的重要枢纽,在盐岩地下储气库运行过程中,套管混凝土环极易因储库蠕变体积收缩而产生受拉破坏。因此,为了解套管混凝土环的受力和变形特性,采用三维地质力学模型试验技术,对江苏金坛盐岩地下储气库开展了不同采气速率、不同采气内压、储库失压等风险因素影响下的套管运行过程的物理模型试验,通过三维地质力学模型试验较好反映出储气库套管混凝土环的受力和变形特性。研究表明：（1）套管混凝土环的轴向拉应变随采气速率的增加而增大,为保证套管的运行安全,建议储气库的最大采气速率不超过0.65 MPa/d;（2）套管混凝土环的轴向拉应变和套管所受蠕变挤压应力随套管鞋离腔顶距离的减小而增大,为保证储气库运行安全,套管底部距离储库腔顶的距离应大于10 m：（3）套管所受蠕变挤压应力随采气内压的减小而显著增大,储气库的最低运行气压应大于3 MPa,并应最大限度地防止储气库出现失压事故。 相似文献
9.
Use of solution-mined caverns in salt for oil and gas storage and toxic waste disposal in Germany 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
M. Langer 《Engineering Geology》1993,35(3-4):183-190
The need for storage caverns for oil and gas, and repositories for toxic chemical waste is increasing world-wide. Rock salt formations are particularly suitable for the construction of cavities for such purposes. Owing to its favourable geomechanical properties, rock salt remains stable over long periods of time without support, and it can be shown that the geological barrier of the host rock remains intact for a remarkably long time.
Safety analysis must be made for each proposed site based on site-specific data. The methods of doing this are well known and related technical recommendations exist in Germany. These recommendations apply to the planning, construction, operation and post-operational management of salt caverns used for the underground disposal of hazardous wastes. In particular, geotechnical site-specific safety verification, as required by the government's technical regulations on wastes (TA-Abfall) under the section “Underground Disposal”, is required. This safety verification must cover the entire system comprising the waste, the cavern and the surrounding rocks. For this purpose geomechanical models have to be developed. The steps which must be taken when carrying out geological engineering site explorations and when determining geotechnical parameters are discussed. In addition, recommendations are made for the design and construction of underground repositories.
For liquid-filled caverns, long-term sealing from the biosphere is of particular interest. In this instance it must be shown that the natural increase in pressure in the closed cavity due to long-term convergence does not exceed the fracture pressure. A special filled test (scale 1:1) has been performed to study this. 相似文献
10.
洞室开挖不可避免地会损伤岩体, 对于规模巨大、布置异常复杂的水电地下厂房围岩尤甚, 合理地确定开控损伤区(EDZ)分布成为地下洞室的信息化设计、施工和安全运营的关键性问题.在引入EDZ概念及强EDZ、弱EDZ和基本未损区分区的基础上, 提出采用声波测试方法来确定强EDZ和弱EDZ的分布.将声波波速-深度曲线划分为Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型等3种曲线类型, 根据曲线特征点, 对EDZ进行定性、半定量的初判.根据波速计算得出的损伤因子D, 对强、弱EDZ和基本未损区进行定量的判别.首次提出的基于声波测试法, 定性、半定量和定量相结合的综合研判法具有创新性, 为客观评价地下洞室EDZ提供了科学的方法. 相似文献
11.
A coupled finite element–rigid block model for the transient analysis of caverns in jointed media is presented. This coupling permits the modelling of lined openings in a jointed rock mass as well as the propagation of stress waves to the cavern. Both the finite element and the rigid block algorithms employ explicit time integration; an efficient, stable scheme is developed for coupling the two algorithms. Two numerical examples are given: one is a simple validation, the second is a representation of a lined cavern in a sparsely jointed medium. 相似文献
12.
Effects of lateral stress to vertical stress ratio on behavior of a cavern in various geomechanical and geometrical conditions were studied. Results indicated that the range of one to two lateral stress to vertical stress ratios was the best condition for cavern stability. The ranges causing tension and compressive failure were specified as well. Two-dimensional stability analyses were carried out by using Phase2. Key point location on the cavern side wall was investigated and determined using an equation based on a large number of numerical analyses. Subsequently, in order to predict the elasto-plastic displacement and elastic displacement on a side wall key point, two equations were fitted based on various cavern cross sections considering four basic factors, i.e., rock deformation modulus, overburden depth of caverns, heights of the caverns, and the lateral stress to vertical stress ratio. The proposed equations were utilized to predict displacement at the key points of 10 projects subsequent to which the computation results were compared to in-site measuring results and back analysis results. Finally, using key point displacement as a stability factor, the effects of three different shapes of caverns including mushroom, horse shoe, and elliptical were investigated on cavern stability. The most optimum shape was elliptical in a vast range of lateral stress to vertical stress ratios; mushroom and horse shoe shapes were preferred in uniaxial stress fields concerning the rock quality. 相似文献
13.
14.
The storage of petroleum products above ground surface has many constraints and limitations. A viable alternative is to excavate large underground spaces in rock to provide a safer way for oil storage. Soft rock formations such as salt domes provide suitable conditions from environmental and operational aspects. The potential for high volume storage and low permeability are among advantages of oil storage in caverns excavated in salt rocks. The complicated shape of oil storage caverns, complex behavior of salt rock, and boundary conditions associated with large underground openings are major challenges in the design of salt caverns excavated for oil storage purposes. In this study, the deformation mechanism and stability of salt caverns were investigated. A comprehensive 3D numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of cavern size and depth, salt rock deformation modulus, and ground in‐situ stress regime on the behavior of large salt caverns. The stress field and deformation mechanisms were studied numerically aiming at shedding lights into the design aspects of salt caverns for oil storage. The analysis results show that the cavern safety factor is reduced as a function of cavern depth and storage volume. Also, with decrease in k (ratio of horizontal to vertical in‐situ stress), the stability of salt caverns will increase; however, with increase in salt rock young modulus, the sensitivity of cavern stability to k ratio is reduced. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
S. Mohanto K. Singh T. Chakraborty D. Basu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2014,32(3):601-616
The compressed air energy storage (CAES) method is a viable method of storing surplus energy underground when there is a mismatch between energy generation and demand. Wellbores embedded in rock are an integral part of energy storage structures, and are used for injecting and extracting the compressed air. During injection and production cycles, the storage reservoir and wellbore are subjected to cyclic change in external pressure and temperature, which may cause failure of the wellbore. In this paper, cyclic thermo-mechanical analysis of a horizontal wellbore in an underground CAES cavern is performed using finite element analysis. The rock behavior is simulated using the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive law. The reduction in the yield strength of rock with increase in the number of loading cycles is taken into account in the analysis. Parametric sensitivity studies are carried out to study the effects of dilation and friction angles of rock, the ratio of in situ horizontal and vertical stresses, loading frequency, and the magnitude of the temperature cycles in the cavern on the wellbore performance for different types of rock. The thermo-mechanical cyclic behavior leads to plastic strains that are greater than those obtained by performing mechanical analysis only. Significantly large deformation is generated in rock for large dilation angle and high loading frequencies. 相似文献
16.
基于隧洞衬砌和等效锚杆模拟的密集地下洞室群稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
江坪河水电站右岸地下洞群依次布置为导流洞、泄洪放空洞、溢洪道①、溢洪道②四条隧洞,洞室密集,地质条件复杂。三维模型以洞室模拟为主,同时精确模拟了3个洞室出口边坡,4条较大断层,多个岩层分层及坡表的实际形态。洞室开挖后,采用预应力锚索、系统锚杆、初期衬砌和二期衬砌等多种支护措施。支护计算时,对预应力锚索进行了精细模拟。对系统锚杆采用二维“子模型”的进行等效计算,确保了必要的计算精度,提高了建模可行性和计算效率。两期衬砌模拟采用三维壳体结构单元中的Shell单元,通过2次位移等效分别得到考虑锚杆衬砌效应的修正后初期衬砌和二期衬砌变形参数。根据关键点的变形趋势及洞室的最大弯矩值的变化情况对衬砌厚度进行了优化。针对设计规范中衬砌结构配筋所需基础参数,指出利用衬砌单元可有效的读取衬砌弯矩值和剪力值,同时标定其具体位置。分析认为,泄洪洞开挖坡锚索和2条溢洪道之间的上层的对穿锚索可能由于水泥浆强度较低而出现滑移,同时指出加固措施使临空面的最大位移大幅降低,也能一定程度抑制塑性区发育。 相似文献
17.
Around galleries excavated at depth in geological media, the creation of a damaged zone with significant irreversible deformation is generally unavoidable. In the case of a geological disposal system for high-level radioactive waste, the resulting change in the host rock properties in this damaged zone may potentially be important with respect to the long-term evolution and the performance of that system. In this context, predicting the extent of the so-called Excavation Damaged Zone (EDZ) and, possibly, the fractures’ network topology remains a challenge. This study is aimed to simulate numerically the extension of this zone at the large scale’s excavation, around the Connecting gallery (HADES URL, Mol, Belgium), in Boom clay host rock through analyzing the evolution of strain localization in shear bands mode. To realistically model the involved phenomena, the concrete lining is considered on the gallery wall highlighting its impacts on the evolution of convergence and EDZ around the gallery. The focus of the current paper is made on analyzing the coupled hydro-mechanical behavior of Boom clay host rock during and after the gallery excavation with respect to the evolution of localized shear bands around the gallery. This study is accompanied by the analysis of the contact mechanism on the interface between the clay massive and the lining. The obtained results reveal some interesting features regarding the contact phenomenon relatively to the evolution pattern of shear bands within the clay around the gallery. To assess the reliability of the proposed approach, a discussion on some in-situ observations during the gallery’s construction is also performed based on which a good agreement is found between the in-situ evidence and simulated results. 相似文献
18.
介绍了小浪底水利枢纽地下厂房岩体力学行为数值分析的过程和方法,包括采用的屈服准则、三维几何模型、岩体力学参数、地应力场、开挖过程模拟和支护结构模拟方法。给出了1.0和0.8两种侧压力系数下,无支护结构、无预应力锚索有锚杆有衬砌、有预应力锚索有锚杆有衬砌3种情况的计算结果,研究结果表明：（1）支护结构对限制围岩位移和塑性区开展作用不大,但对于固定松动破碎岩块、防止洞周局部崩塌脱落有不可缺少的作用;（2）开挖过程对预应力锚索拉力影响不大;（3）开挖过程引起混凝土衬砌较大拉应力,围岩表面的钢筋网,对于限制衬砌开裂和防止其脱落,有重要作用。 相似文献
19.
The Kala Hydropower Station, planned in the middle reach of Yalong River in China, consists of a large-scale cavern system for water conveyance and power generation. The construction site is characteristic of difficult geological conditions and is rich in groundwater, and the control of groundwater flow in the surrounding rocks of the underground caverns becomes one of the key technological issues. This case study presents a systematic performance assessment of the seepage control system designed for the underground caverns by finite element numerical modeling, with particular concerns on geological characterization of the site and quantitative determination of the excavation-induced variation in hydraulic conductivity of the surrounding rock masses. The significant influence of the excavation-induced permeability variation on the seepage field in the surrounding rocks and the overall behaviors of the seepage control system are comprehensively illustrated by the numerical results, and the optimized design parameters are suggested for the drainage system. The methodology presented in this study is useful for understanding the performance of the seepage control system widely deployed in underground powerhouse engineering. 相似文献
20.
将地下洞室爆破开挖松动区视为一个随开挖过程演变的非均匀、非稳定三维扰动场,松动区内岩体力学参数则是一个具有时空演化特性的参数场。考虑爆破开挖扰动空间效应和岩体真实变形响应,提出了真实工作状态下开挖松动区岩体参数场辨识的位移反分析方法。基于局部监测变形空间插补得到的空间位移场,通过分析洞室爆破开挖围岩变形扰动机制,建立了开挖松动区岩体变形模量参数场数值演化模型,并进行了模型适用性和参数敏感性分析。在此基础上,以变形模量参数为例,结合围岩实测位移信息,提出了开挖松动区参数场位移反分析的动态实现过程。将该方法应用于溪洛渡地下洞室群施工期参数场反演和围岩稳定动态反馈评价及预测,结果表明,该方法合理有效,在大型地下洞群施工开挖与快速监测反馈方面具有显著的工程适用性及实用性。 相似文献