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1.
埕北凹陷古近系构造对沉积的控制作用 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2017,(4)
利用埕北凹陷钻井、录井、测井、地震资料等,分析研究区古近系构造结构特征,恢复古近纪构造演化,划分沉积相类型,研究沉积体系的时空展布规律,明确古近系构造对沉积的控制作用。结果表明:埕北凹陷古近系发育的NW向断裂控制研究区凸凹格局,NE、NEE向断裂改造NW向构造格局。埕北凹陷古近纪构造演化分为三个阶段,继承断陷期(Ek-Es4)表现为"窄盆、浅水"环境,主要发育扇三角洲沉积;断陷扩张期(Es3)表现为"深盆、深水"环境,以发育半深湖—深湖沉积为主;断—坳转换(Es2-Ed)早期表现为"广盆、深水"环境,以发育半深湖—深湖沉积为主,晚期表现为"广盆、浅水"环境,主要发育辫状河三角洲与曲流河三角洲沉积。研究区古近系发育陡坡断裂坡折带、缓坡断裂坡折带及洼陷边缘型坡折带三种类型,其中陡坡断裂坡折带主要发育扇三角洲沉积,缓坡断裂坡折带主要发育辫状河三角洲与曲流河三角洲沉积,洼陷边缘型坡折带主要发育巨厚的湖相沉积及少量湖底扇沉积。该结果为研究区古近系油气勘探提供指导。 相似文献
2.
坡折带对陆相湖盆辫状河三角洲层序和沉积的控制——以准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组为例 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2015,(1)
针对准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组底部发育粗砂—砾岩沉积,异于盆地腹部与南缘,且相邻井区砂体发育状况差异明显的问题,分析坡折带对层序和沉积的控制作用.根据钻井、地震及露头资料识别关键层序界面,将三工河组划分为2个三级层序.识别挠曲和断裂2种构造坡折带,"径向沟梁辐射、纬向阶梯分布"的坡折带体系使得低位体系域发育;坡下沉积物卸载大量堆积;坡上侵蚀作用强烈.以彩9—C1805井区为例,识别6种沉积微相组合,前者为坡折发育的陡坡富河口坝型前缘,砂体连片性好;后者为坡折欠发育的缓坡富河道型前缘,砂体较孤立.因此,坡折带是富砂储层发育的有利地带,对油气预测勘探具有指导意义. 相似文献
3.
黄河口凹陷西北部湖底扇的沉积演化及发育模式——以古近纪沙三下亚段为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
湖底扇是黄河口凹陷古近纪一种重要的沉积类型,扇体储集物性和含油性较好,具有勘探价值.研究黄河口凹陷沙河街组沙三下亚段岩心、测井、地震反射特征,认为A区含油砂岩体为在半深湖—深湖环境形成的2种类型湖底扇沉积.低位域时期发育远岸的深水浊积湖底扇;湖扩域和高位域时期发育由三角洲前缘砂体滑塌进入湖底堆积而成的滑塌浊积湖底扇.从空间分布看,深水浊积扇主要发育在低位域湖盆内二阶断裂的下降盘;滑塌浊积扇主要发育在研究区南部的断裂陡坡带,位于扇三角洲前方,且扇体规模较大,发育时间长.湖底扇的发育受沉积坡折和断裂坡折的控制.由于构造背景、湖平面变化及物源供应不同,湖底扇的位置、规模和形态也不尽相同. 相似文献
4.
《东北石油大学学报》2017,(3)
为落实渤中21构造东二下段岩性圈闭类型及规模、储量规模,在对渤中21构造区古地貌背景和沉积体系演化模式的耦合分析基础上,通过井震标定、精细地震追踪、宏观地震相组合及多属性分析,与渤海已钻探典型湖底扇特征进行对比。结果表明:气层段为湖底扇型岩性圈闭。渤海湖底扇从成因机制上分为与早期继承性发育坡折带,以及与大型三角洲建造形成的同沉积坡折带密切相关的2种类型。渤中21构造区湖底扇成因与大型三角洲建造形成的同沉积坡折带相关。在成因模式指导下,通过对湖底扇沉积厚度、地震微相特征分析,用地震岩相正演模拟方法对湖底扇富砂区范围进行圈定,落实湖底扇岩性圈闭边界,为渤中21构造区储量计算和勘探评价提供依据,为开展隐蔽油气藏勘探提供有利目标。 相似文献
5.
珠江口盆地河流—三角洲体系煤系烃源岩发育特征及有利相带 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2016,(1)
根据地震、钻井、测井和地球化学等资料,采用沉积学与地球化学结合的方法,研究珠江口盆地恩平组河流—三角洲体系煤系烃源岩。结果表明:研究区河流—三角洲体系煤系烃源岩包括煤、碳质泥岩和煤系泥岩3种类型,典型发育特征为煤层单层厚度薄、层数多、横向变化大,呈薄层状分布在河道、分流河道的厚砂体之间。该体系煤系烃源岩有机质丰度较高,生烃能力较强;有机质主要类型为Ⅱ_2型,多来自陆生高等植物,孢子和花粉含量很高,藻类含量非常低,烃源岩有机组成中煤质、木质、壳质含量高,无定形有机质含量很低。该体系煤系烃源岩非均质性强,受沉积相带控制,河流的河漫沼泽、三角洲平原沼泽高等植物大量发育且有利于有机质保存,是河流—三角洲体系煤系烃源岩发育的有利相带。河道、分流河道的迁移改道、决口和沼泽逐渐淤积填平是导致珠江口盆地恩平组河流—三角洲体系发育薄煤层的重要原因。该结论对于认识河流—三角洲体系煤系烃源岩的发育特征,以及在源控论的指导下寻找油气具有指导意义。 相似文献
6.
《东北石油大学学报》2019,(1)
为明确车排子凸起东翼白垩系呼图壁组砂体分布的控制因素,在古地貌恢复基础上,综合利用测井、录井及三维地震资料,以沉积学和层序地层学理论为指导,探讨低物源供给模式下沟谷—坡折体系对砂体分布的控制作用。结果表明:在低物源供给模式下,研究区发育扇三角洲及滨浅湖滩坝两种成因砂体。扇三角洲砂体规模局限,主要充填于低位域时期形成的古沟谷;滨浅湖厚层坝砂在平面上的展布与坡折带的走向趋于一致,在垂向上主要发育于湖侵域及高位域早期。该成果对物源供给不足地区坡折带的储层预测具有指导意义。 相似文献
7.
张喜林 《地球科学与环境学报》2014,(3)
西湖凹陷位于东海盆地东部,是中国海上重要的油气生产区之一。2001年钻探的Y1井,在西湖凹陷主力油气层之下钻遇了一套厚360m、以泥质岩为主的中—下始新统地层,命名为宝石组。宝石组沉积于西湖凹陷断陷初期。根据岩芯、测井、录井、古生物等资料,分析Y1井宝石组沉积背景,并通过地震相及井-震结合分析,确定西湖凹陷宝石组的平面沉积展布。结果表明:西湖凹陷宝石组为近海湖泊沉积背景,发育河流、三角洲、滨浅湖、半深湖、扇三角洲等沉积相类型;河流相发育于西斜坡北部,表现为低连续变振幅亚平行席状地震相;三角洲相发育于西斜坡及其与中央深洼带的过渡带,表现为楔状或充填状的前积地震相;扇三角洲相发育于凹陷东部断坡带,表现为杂乱楔状地震相;滨浅湖相发育于凹陷大部分地区,主要为中—好连续中振幅平行—亚平行席状地震相;半深湖相发育于中央深洼带部分地区,地震剖面上为连续性较好、振幅较强的席状反射。通过地震剖面的构造-沉积充填分析,西湖凹陷宝石组发育水下高地型和半地堑型两种沉积充填样式。 相似文献
8.
运用沉积学理论,结合岩相组合、岩石类型及沉积建造标志,研究大杨树盆地九峰山组沉积体系特征及时空配置关系.结果表明:研究区发育冲积扇、冲积平原、三角洲平原及河流沉积体系.九峰山组下段沉积时期,湖泊体系最为发育,以湖泊体系为中心发育小范围的三角洲平原、冲积平原和冲积扇,物源来自北部及东侧的盆地边缘隆起带;九峰山组上段沉积时期受盆地内火山活动及大兴安岭隆起影响,湖泊体系整体向南退却,三角洲平原、冲积平原及冲积扇体系范围逐渐扩大,为九峰山组最主要的聚煤时期,物源来自盆地两侧及北部隆起地带.该研究为大杨树盆地九峰山组资源勘探提供指导. 相似文献
9.
青藏高原的形成是亚洲乃至世界历史上重大的地质事件之一,伦坡拉盆地作为西藏地区唯一发现含工业油流的新生代陆相盆地,研究其成因及演化对西藏地区的油气勘探具有重要的意义.利用二维地震和钻井等资料,阐明了始新世牛堡组沉积时期伦坡拉盆地古地貌特征,揭示了古地貌对于沉积体系的控制作用.牛堡组沉积时期,伦坡拉盆地构造单元可划分为３个:北部逆冲带,中央凹陷带以及南部冲断隆带.断陷盆地发育经历了湖盆形成、扩张和萎缩阶段,对应于牛堡组层序地层划分中的牛一段、牛二段及牛三段.在恢复伦坡拉盆地古地貌的基础上,指出盆地存在断控坡折型和挠曲坡折型两种控制盆地沉积体系分布的地貌,分别位于盆地的南部和东部.在不同地貌的控制下,盆地北部发育冲积扇和湖底扇组合沉积体系,盆地东缘、东南缘以及南缘则发育辫状河三角洲及扇三角洲组合.盆地中部发育浅湖－半深湖沉积,周缘发育滨湖亚相.盆地内的许多微地貌也对盆地内砂体起到了阻挡与疏导的作用,从而控制了众多水道的规模. 相似文献
10.
松辽盆地东南缘西丁家地区营城组沉积相分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松辽盆地东南缘深层沉积相研究程度较浅,以西丁家地区营城组为例,利用岩心观察描述结果,结合测井、地震资料,以及区域构造演化和沉积相分析结果,研究松辽盆地东南缘深层地层沉积相.结果表明:营城组(K1y)主要发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖底扇和湖泊4种相类型,其中辫状河三角洲相和湖泊相最为发育;西丁家地区营城组主要表现为"广盆浅水"沉积特征,西南陡坡带发育扇三角洲沉积体系,北部斜坡带发育辫状河三角洲沉积体系,垂向上地层叠加样式表现为由进积向加积演变.该研究结论对西丁家地区深层地层下一步勘探开发及资源评价具有指导意义. 相似文献
11.
现有的落石运动轨迹研究均将斜坡视为半无限均匀的坡面,而实际的工况下,坡面由不均一材料组成。根据落石不同的运动模式,将坡面简化为多层岩土体材料的结构形式,在滚动阶段,基于Hertz接触理论得到落石在不同坡面条件下运动特征,并给出坡面分层条件下落石切向摩擦系数的计算公式,在碰撞阶段,基于能量守恒定理,采用准静态接触力学理论得到法向恢复系数公式,理论推导得到任意层厚岩土体材料坡面条件下落石法向和切向恢复系数的解析解,然后求解得到碰撞后落石运动参数,并根据碰撞后落石的速度及回弹量关系,给出碰撞后落石运动模式转换的判别条件,最后结合运动学定理,得到3种运动模式任意分层坡面条件落石的运动轨迹,将理论公式应用于某山区落石运动轨迹预测,验证了理论公式的适用性和有效性。 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(6)
Dike failure caused by overtopping is likely to result in major casualties and property losses. Aiming at this fact, a series of physical model experiments were conducted on stable thickness of masonry block on the inner slope of the dike. According to the erosion of block embankment with different thicknesses, the relation between the stable thickness of masonry block pitching of the inner slope and the average overtopping discharge is discussed. New equations subject to irregular waves are presented for average overtopping discharge, based upon the analysis of mean overtopping discharge and comparison of present overtopping discharge formulas at domestic and abroad. Finally, a calculation equation of the stable thickness of the dry masonry block stone of inner slope subject to irregular waves is given. In conclusion, the formula matches well with the experiment result, which is capable of functioning as an important reference for structure designs of the dike in China. 相似文献
13.
Wenjuan ZHANG Li CHEN Ning QU Hai＇ an LIANG 《东北亚地学研究》2006,9(2):239-241
Landslide is one kind of geologic hazards that often happens all over the world.It brings huge losses to human life and property;therefore,it is very important to research it.This study focused in combination between single and regional landslide,traditional slope stability analysis method and reliability analysis method.Meanwhile,methods of prediction of slopes and reliability analysis were discussed. 相似文献
14.
Landslide is one kind of geologic hazards that often happens all over the world. It brings huge losses to human life and property; therefore, it is very important to research it. This study focused in combination between single and regional landslide, traditional slope stability analysis method and reliability analysis method. Meanwhile, methods of prediction of slopes and reliability analysis were discussed. 相似文献
15.
为了探究锚杆不确定性对加固边坡失稳概率的影响, 建立了施加锚杆后的边坡模型, 通过以下两种途径来考虑锚杆的不确定性: 其一是假定锚杆与锚固体之间接触面上的单位表面摩擦力为对数正态分布变量, 其二是引入锚杆与锚固体之间接触面上的单位表面摩擦力衰减系数来考虑运营过程中锚杆的不确定性。采用极限平衡分析法并结合蒙特卡罗抽样法, 计算并对比分析了两种途径下锚固边坡失稳概率变化曲线, 最后以深圳假日酒店基坑边坡支护工程为例, 证明所提方法的有效性。结果表明: 对于途径一, 在相同土体统计参数下, 随着锚杆与锚固体之间接触面上单位表面摩擦力变异系数的增加, 加固边坡的失稳概率缓慢增加, 增幅介于18.03%~41.90%之间。对于途径二, 随着锚杆衰减系数自1.0逐步减小至0, 加固边坡失稳概率迅速增加, 增幅介于55.64%~124.90%之间; 在同一衰减系数下, 加固边坡失稳概率随着锚杆衰减根数的增加而增大。研究结果可以为锚杆施工与运营期间的管理提供决策支持。 相似文献
16.
Weiwei Wang Dawei Wang Shiguo Wu David Völker Hongliu Zeng Guanqiang Cai Qingping Li 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(1):83-100
Recent and paleo-submarine landslides are widely distributed within strata in deep-water areas along continental slopes, uplifts, and carbonate platforms on the north continental margin of the South China Sea (SCS). In this paper, high-resolution 3D seismic data and multibeam data based on seismic sedimentology and geomorphology are employed to assist in identifying submarine landslides. In addition, deposition models are proposed that are based on specific geological structures and features, and which illustrate the local stress field over entire submarine landslides in deep-water areas of the SCS. The SCS is one of the largest fluvial sediment sinks in enclosed or semi-enclosed marginal seas worldwide. It therefore provides a set of preconditions for the formation of submarine landslides, including rapid sediment accumulation, formation of gas hydrates, and fluid overpressure. A new concept involving temporal and spatial analyses is tested to construct a relationship between submarine landslides and different time scale trigger mechanisms, and three mechanisms are discussed in the context of spatial scale and temporal frequency: evolution of slope gradient and overpressure, global environmental changes, and tectonic events. Submarine landslides that are triggered by tectonic events are the largest but occur less frequently, while submarine landslides triggered by the combination of slope gradient and over-pressure evolution are the smallest but most frequently occurring events. In summary, analysis shows that the formation of submarine landslides is a complex process involving the operation of different factors on various time scales. 相似文献
17.
In order to investigate the role of the amplification of peak ground acceleration(PGA) in seismic landslide formation mechanisms and study how earthquake waves interact with rock structures, a few strong-motion seismometers are installed at various locations on both sides of the Lengzhuguan gully. Five strong-motion seismometers were triggered at different depths in a tunnel at the same altitude during the Kangding Ms 5.8 earthquake on November 25 th, 2014. The data reveal that the horizontal peak acceleration(PGA_H) at each site decreased with increasing site depths. The PGAH at the deepest monitoring site(99 m from the tunnel entrance) was approximately half that of the outermost site. The amplitude of the acceleration response spectrum was also attenuated from the entrance inwards, the dynamic magnification factor(β) of the standard acceleration spectrum was less than 3.5, and rate of change was the same as that for the amplitude acceleration response. The Fourier spectra of each monitoring site also decreased from the outside inwards, and the components of the Fourier spectra were more complex at the surface. 相似文献
18.
高速公(铁)路路基、隧道和桥梁工程等常常因地质灾害的存在而影响正常使用, 尤其是类型不明的不稳定斜坡, 明确地质灾害类型是影响不稳定体治理方案的首要任务。以宜巴高速公路铜矿岭不稳定斜坡为研究对象, 采用野外地质调查、工程地质分析和监测数据分析的方法, 判明了铜矿岭不稳定斜坡类型。野外调查结果表明该不稳定斜坡上部为残坡积物, 下部为反倾结构的粉砂岩; 结合位移监测数据, 判定该不稳定斜坡变形存在多个剪切滑移带, 但主要分布于松散堆积物内部, 综合判定该不稳定斜坡为深层蠕动变形体; 依据变形大小和变形方向变化特点, 最后将该变形体分为两个大区, Ⅱ区又可细分为2个小区, 并指出Ⅱ2区是未来防治的关键部位。研究成果为该不稳定斜坡后续治理设计提供了地质依据, 证明传统的工程地质调查、分析与位移监测相结合是开展不稳定体类型判识, 确定边界范围的有效手段。 相似文献
19.
软硬互层结构的顺层岩质边坡破坏类型复杂、难于防治, 针对此类边坡地质灾害易发、多发的问题, 从坡面角度、岩层倾向及组合形式、节理分布等方面进行了研究。边坡物理模型试验是揭示边坡变形破坏机理的重要手段, 基于相似理论, 以重庆市万州区孙家滑坡为工程依托, 根据滑坡区地质勘探报告设计了室内边坡物理模型试验; 试验通过顶升模型箱模拟重力加载来探究顺层岩质边坡发生破坏时, 前缘坡角和软弱夹层倾角之间的关系; 结合有限元分析软件Plaxis 2D对物理模型进行了多组数值模拟试验, 以验证软硬互层顺层岩质边坡破坏机制。试验结果表明: 对于顺层岩质边坡, 当软弱夹层的倾角在22°左右, 前缘开挖坡角58°左右时, 顺层岩质边坡容易发生滑动, 滑动面为后缘节理面和软弱夹层的贯通面。因此, 顺层岩质边坡稳定性受层面和节理面密度的控制, 当边坡含多层软弱层面时, 易沿层面和后缘节理贯通面发生破坏, 随着软弱面层数增加, 边坡稳定系数逐渐降低。研究成果可以为公路开挖切坡导致的顺层岩质边坡失稳机理研究及其稳定性评价提供理论依据, 为顺层岩质边坡失稳的预测预报提供支撑。 相似文献
20.
Degradation of slopes due to shallow landslide and the subsequent erosional processes are a big challenge on the application of soil bioengineering techniques; that is the use of plants as main structural components of a slope protection and conservation system. An optimal application of soil bioengineering techniques should include not only the technical factor of plants as structural components but also the ecology of species and the plant adaptations to disturbances, which is crucial if a longterm successful slope restoration system is intended. Ferns are a dominant understory vegetation species in the forest of Japan, but its characteristics and influences on the recovery of shallow landslide scars have not been fully studied yet. This study aims to find out the ecological characteristics of fern species through the calculation of ecological indicators and the quantification of the morphological features of specimens growing on disturbed and non-disturbed forest slopes in Japan. Gleichenia japonica was found as the vegetation species with biggest ecological indicators on both slopes. The analysis of morphological characteristics of the specimens growing on both sites showed that the development of the specimens is focused in below-ground characteristics. The pull-out force of Gleichenia japonica root system as an indicator of ecological adaptation to a constraint environment and morphological characteristics quality is influenced by height and root length according to the principal component analysis. The eco-morphological characteristics of species can be used as an indicator of an optimal element in soil bioengineering establishment for slope conservation proposes. The long and fibrous root system could be placed on forest roads, steep or small slopes where space limitation is an issue for the establishment of bigger species and if the slope conditions allow it, it can control soil losses due to rainfall and provide stability. 相似文献