共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2005,29(1):71-80
A number of criteria for linear stability of libration points in the perturbed restricted three-body problem are presented. The criteria involve only the coefficients of the characteristic equation of the tangent map of the libration points and can be easily applied. With these criteria the effect of drag on the linear stability of the triangular libration points in the classical restricted three-body problem is investigated. Some of Murray et al.'s results are improved. 相似文献
2.
This paper provides a complete theoretical treatment of the point-mass lens perturbed by constant external shear, often called the Chang–Refsdal lens. We show that simple invariants exist for the products of the (complex) positions of the four images, as well as moment sums of their signed magnifications. The image topographies and equations of the caustics and critical curves are also studied. We derive the fully analytic expressions for pre-caustics, which are the loci of non-critical points that map to the caustics under the lens mapping. They constitute boundaries of the region in the image domain that maps on to the interior of the caustics. The areas under the critical curves, caustics and pre-caustics are all evaluated, which enables us to calculate the mean magnification of the source within the caustics. Additionally, the exact analytic expression for the magnification distribution for the source in the triangular caustics is derived, as well as a useful approximate expression. Finally, we find that the Chang–Refsdal lens with additional convergence greater than unity (the 'overfocusing case') can exhibit third-order critical behaviour, if the 'reduced shear' is exactly equal to , and that the number of images for N -point masses with non-zero constant shear cannot be greater than 5 N − 1 . 相似文献
3.
《New Astronomy》2020
In this study, investigated 14,786 coronal mass ejection (CME) events and 5092 Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) solar flare events (called γ-ray burst solar flare) recorded during 2008–2017, by using temporal and spatial conditions criteria, we found 845 (about 16%) CME events associated with γ-ray burst solar flare events only (hereafter, CME–γ-preflare). All the 845 events are associated with solar flares that are detected in both GBM and RHESSI simultaneously. Investigating the characteristics of these events, we found that the best time interval is 0–2 h before the flare's start time. The mean time interval for these CME–γ-preflare associated events is 61 min, with the flare's duration mean value of 12 min, which is greater than non-associated γ-ray solar flare's duration. CME width of CME-γ-preflare associated events 64° is slightly wider and slightly faster (remain lower than solar wind's speed) than non-associated CME 53°. 相似文献
4.
An association of CMEs with solar flares detected by Fermi γ-ray burst monitor during solar cycle 24
《New Astronomy》2021
By performing certain spatial and temporal criteria, we obtained 492 CME events simultaneously associated with GBM solar flare events (hereafter, GBM-flare–CME) from the total number 5123 Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) solar flares and 15228 Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) detected during the solar cycle 24 (2008–2019). Among these 492 events, which represent about 9.6% of the total number of the detected GBM flares, there are just 381 events (77.4%) representing the CMEs associated with the flares that are detected instantly by both GBM and RHESSI detectors. We found no significant distinction in the results after applying the spatial criteria compared with those arising from applying the temporal criteria only.Actually, all CMEs are ejected within the flare's preflare and the impulsive phases only. From our results, we conclude that the GBM flares whose long duration are most frequently associated with faster and wider CMEs and vice versa. In addition, the longer the flare's duration, the more interval time between the start time of GBM solar flare and CME's ejection time through a linear correlation [Mean Interval = 0.464 × Duration (min)] with a correlation coefficient equals 0.93. We conclude also that, the highly probable, γ-ray emitting flares (detected by GBM only) have a shorter duration and time interval than X-ray flares (detected also by RHESSI). As well as the GBM - CMEs events, without RHESSI associated CMEs are faster and wider than those associated with RHESSI events. 相似文献
5.
Geocentric orbits of large eccentricity (e=0.9 to 0.95) are significantly perturbed in cislunar space by the Sun and Moon. The time-history of the height of perigee, subsequent to launch, is particularly critical. The determination of ‘launch windows’ is mostly concerned with preventing the height of perigee from falling below its low initial value before the mission lifetime has elapsed. Between the extremes of high accuracy digital integration of the equations of motion and of using an approximate, but very fast, stability criteria method, this paper is concerned with the development of a method of intermediate complexity using non-numeric computation. The computer is used as the theory generator to generalize Lidov's theory using six osculating elements. Symbolic integration is completely automatized and the output is a set of condensed formulae well suited for repeated applications in launch window analysis. Examples of applications are given. 相似文献
6.
Robert L. Oldershaw 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1983,92(2):347-358
The standard ‘Big Bang’ and hierarchical paradigms for describing the cosmos are discussed in terms of recent astrophysical discoveries. Three criteria established by G. de Vaucouleurs in 1970 as bases for deciding between these two cosmological models provide the main format of the discussion. 相似文献
7.
Terrestrial ring dike structures are features consisting of one or more series of concentric fracture systems along which the central block often subsided and up through which lavas intruded and extruded and other volcanic features formed. Before the lunar probe satellites, a search for lunar features that showed characteristics of terrestrial ring dikes was conducted using the LAC charts andKuiper Atlas photographs. More recently the search was extended on the nearside features and to the farside features using the Lunar Orbiter series of photographs resulting in a catalog of 559 nearside candidates and 82 farside. Features exhibiting one or more of the following four criteria were included as lunar analogs to terrestrial ring dikes: (1) inner ridge(s) approximately concentric with the crater wall, (2) inner rill(s) approximately concentric with the crater wall, (3) outer ridge(s) and/or rill(s) approximately concentric with the crater wall, and (4) interior and exterior slopes of the crater wall approximately equal (implying extrusion of lava along a ring fracture). Equal slopes are in contradistinction to a central source eruptive feature or an impact feature both of which usually produce craters with walls whose inner slopes are about twice as steep as their outer flanks, which characterize the vast majority of lunar craters. Features exhibiting each of the four criteria were found and some had combinations of two or more including rills merging into ridges, e.g., in Taruntius and Posidonius. Gambart is an example of equal inner and outer slopes, while Hesiodus A and Marth are two of the best examples of complete inner rings concentric with the outer rings. Ten percent of the candidates were probable impact craters but had subsequent volvanic activity of a ring dike nature. The initial search showed a distribution of the possible lunar ring dikes that was non-random and strongly associated with the margins of the maria, further implying that they are volcanic features. This relation was upheld when extended by the recent survey. The anticipated dearth of farside ring dikes was corroborated in our study and their distribution is restricted to those few mare-like areas on the farside, further supporting the volcanic nature of these features 相似文献
8.
9.
类地行星(月球)自转监测望远镜的科学目标是在行星(月球)表面现场测量行星(月球)自转并研究其内部结构和物理性质.为了验证全新的观测原理和资料处理方法,项目团队设计制造了一套原理样机,在一台商用天文望远镜的光路前端增加3面反射镜组,使其具有同时观测3个视场的能力.自2017年起在地面上开展了观测实验,获得了混合有3视场星象的图像.通过计算星象在前后图像上的位移实现了归属视场识别,使得观测效果与分视场独立观测等同,证明了用一台设备同时观测多视场的可行性.处理图像并通过3个视场中心的指向变化归算地球自转轴的空间指向,与理论值比较偏差平均约1′′,证明了观测原理和数据处理方法有效.对各种观测误差来源进行了分析,包含大气折射、仪器热稳定性和光学分辨能力的影响等,指出采用更长焦距的望远镜可以提高空间分辨率,优化形变控制可以提高观测稳定性.改进多视场同时观测中的光学设计也有助于精度的提高. 相似文献
10.
11.
H. Asada 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,356(4):1249-1255
We study analytically a gravitational lens due to a deformed star, which is modelled by using a monopole and a quadrupole moment. Positions of the images are discussed for a source on the principal axis. We present explicit expressions for the lens equation for this gravitational lens as a single real 10th-order algebraic equation. Furthermore, we compute an expression for the caustics as a discriminant for the polynomial. Another simple parametric representation of the caustics is also presented in a more tractable form. A simple expression for the critical curves is obtained to clarify a topological feature of the critical curves; the curves are simply connected if and only if the distortion is sufficiently large. 相似文献
12.
《竹书纪年》记载尧``元年丙子帝即位'', ``四十二年景星见于翼''. 《论衡》记载``尧时景星见于轸''. 这可能是出现在翼宿和轸宿之间的超新星. 由已知的干支纪年推算尧帝四十二年是公元前2164年. 把足够宽的范围\lk($180^\circ\pm23^\circ$)作``翼、轸''之间的过渡区域, 在格林(Green)超新星遗迹表中搜索到20颗超新星, 只有高银纬遗迹PKS 1209-52 (G296.5$+$10.0)符合尧帝景星``状如半月''的亮度和年龄限制, 它是尧帝景星(SN-B.C.2164)的唯一候选体. 依据超新星的表面亮度$\varSigma$与线直径D之间的$\varSigma\propto D^{-\beta 相似文献
13.
受地球大气影响, 使用地基光学望远镜观测角距离较小的双星系统或主卫星系统时往往会出现星象不可分辨的情况. 因此, 系统光心位置与系统质心位置可能存在一定的偏差. 准确地测量太阳系天体系统质心位置可以改进其轨道参数, 有助于揭示太阳系的形成与演化. 以矮行星Haumea及其亮卫星Hiíaka的运动为例, 仿真系统光心围绕质心扰动的过程, 探究视宁度(用星象的半高全宽表示)变化对准确测量光心位置的影响. 仿真结果表明, 使用二维高斯定心算法测定的系统光心位置随视宁度变化, 而修正矩定心算法的定心结果不受视宁度的影响. 根据仿真结果, 研究能够有效减少视宁度变化对光心位置准确测量影响的定心算法十分必要; 同时, 新的定心算法还需考虑主星光度变化的影响. 使用云南天文台2.4m望远镜, 1m望远镜以及紫金山天文台姚安观测站0.8m望远镜从2022年2月7日至2022年5月25日观测矮行星Haumea系统, 得到29晚共463幅CCD图像. 新定心算法确定的光心位置与使用二维高斯定心算法的结果相比具有更好的位置拟合效果. 此外, 还发现亮卫星Hiíaka在Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)历表与Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des ''Ephémérides (IMCCE)历表中的位置存在较大偏差. 相似文献
14.
Steven J. OSTRO Lance A. M. BENNER Michael C. NOLAN Christopher MAGRI Jon D. GIORGINI Daniel J. SCHEERES Stephen B. BROSCHART Mikko KAASALAINEN David VOKROUHLICKÝ Steven R. CHESLEY Jean‐Luc MARGOT Raymond F. JURGENS Randy ROSE Donald K. YEOMANS Shigeru SUZUKI Eric M. de JONG 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2004,39(3):407-424
Abstract— We observed 25143 Itokawa, the target of Japan's Hayabusa (MUSES‐C) sample‐return mission, during its 2001 close approach at Arecibo on twelve dates during March 18‐April 9 and at Goldstone on nine dates during March 20‐April 2. We obtained delay‐Doppler images with range resolutions of 100 ns (15 m) at Arecibo and 125 ns (19 m) at Goldstone. Itokawa's average circular polarization ratio at 13 cm, 0.26 ± 0.04, is comparable to that of Eros, so its cm‐to‐m surface roughness probably is comparable to that on Eros. Itokawa's radar reflectivity and polarization properties indicate a near‐surface bulk density within 20% of 2.5 g cm?3. We present a preliminary estimate of Itokawa's shape, reconstructed from images with rather limited rotation‐phase coverage, using the method of Hudson (1993) and assuming the lightcurve‐derived spin period (12.132 hr) and pole direction (ecliptic long., lat. = 355°, ?84°) of Kaasalainen et al. (2003). The model can be described as a slightly asymmetrical, slightly flattened ellipsoid with extents along its principal axes of 548 times 312 times 276 m ± 10%. Itokawa's topography is very subdued compared to that of other asteroids for which spacecraft images or radar reconstructions are available. Similarly, gravitational slopes on our Itokawa model average only 9° and everywhere are less than 27°. The radar‐refined orbit allows accurate identification of Itokawa's close planetary approaches through 2170. If radar ranging planned for Itokawa's 2004 apparition succeeds, then tracking of Hayabusa during its 2005 rendezvous should reveal Yarkovsky perturbation of the asteroid's orbit. 相似文献
15.
The fourth order field equations proposed by TREDER with a linear combination of BACH 's tensor and EINSTEIN 's tensor on the left-hand side admit static centrally symmetric solutions which are analytical and non-flat in some neighborhood of the centre of symmetry. 相似文献
16.
C. P. Renschen 《Astronomische Nachrichten》1977,298(3):179-184
A first albedo distribution of a zonal region of Pluto's surface is presented which is based on the analysis of the observed light variations. Light scattering on the planet's surface is described by LAMBERT 's law. 相似文献
17.
Successful subtraction of instrumental background variations has permitted spectral analyses of two-dimensional measurement arrays of granulation brightness fluctuations at the center of the disk, arrays obtained from Stratoscope I, 1959B-flight, high-resolution frames B1551 and B3241.
- RMS's, uncorrected for instrumental blurring, are 0.0850 of mean intensity for B1551 and 0.0736 for B3241, somewhat higher than other determinations. These between-frame and between-investigation differences probably result from a combination of calibration errors, frame resolution differences, and, most likely, granulation pattern differences.
- Significant variations over each array of mean intensities and RMS's, determined for sub-arrays with dimensions in the 2500–10000 km range, indicate spatial brightness and RMS variations larger than the ‘scale’ of the granulation pattern, supporting a turbulent interpretation of photospheric convection.
- One-dimensional power-spectra shapes provide objective and discriminating criteria for determining granulation pattern differences and, possibly, frame resolution.
- Two-dimensional power spectra show small, essentially random deviations from axial symmetry which lie almost entirely within the 50% confidence limits.
- Spectral densities and fluctuation power spectra, computed from the two-dimensional power spectra and corrected for instrumental blurring, noise, and blemishes, have a useable radial wavenumber range nearly double that of earlier Stratoscope I analyses.
- Corrected RMS's obtained from the corrected fluctuation power spectra, 0.145 ± 0.046 for B1551 and 0.136 ± 0.048 for B3241, depend critically on the accuracy of the correction.
- The spectra's wavenumber range includes the granulation-fluctuation-producing domain but not the Kolmogoroff domain of turbulence spectra.
18.
In this paper, the presence of Faraday rotation in measurements of the orientation of a sunspot's transverse magnetic field is investigated. Using observations obtained with the Marshall Space Flight Center's (MSFC) vector magnetograph, the derived vector magnetic field of a simple, symmetric sunspot is used to calculate the degree of Faraday rotation in the azimuth of the transverse field as a function of wavelength from analytical expressions for the Stokes parameters. These results are then compared with the observed rotation of the field's azimuth which is derived from observations at different wavelengths within the Fei 5250 Å spectral line. From these comparisons, we find: the observed rotation of the azimuth is simulated to a reasonable degree by the theoretical formulations if the line-formation parameter η o is varied over the sunspot; these variations in η o are substantiated by the line-intensity data; for the MSFC system, Faraday rotation can be neglected for field strengths less than 1800 G and field inclinations greater than 45°; to minimize the effects of Faraday rotation in sunspot umbrae, MSFC magnetograph measurements must be made in the far wings of the Zeeman-sensitive spectral line. 相似文献
19.
Paul S. Sipiera Edward J. Olsen Dorothy L. Eatough Bruce D. Dod 《Meteoritics & planetary science》1983,18(1):63-75
Eleven recent chondrite finds from the Texas Panhandle have been examined and classified according to mineralogical and petrological criteria: five H's, five L's, and one LL chondrite. Five are distinct from nearby finds, while three remain ambiguous and three are related to previously reported chondrites. In addition, data are provided to classify the Muleshoe, Silverton, and Vigo Park chondrites, all of which were previously undescribed in the literature. 相似文献
20.
E. M. Drobyshevski 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1981,24(1):13-45
Titan in the past, just as Ganymede, had a massive ice envelope subjected to volumetric electrolysis under the action of unipolar electric current generated through the interaction of the satellite with Saturn's magnetosphere. The electrolysis products concentration required to cause explosion could become accumulated only under conditions of an exponential decay of Saturn's magnetic field in time (with τ? ≈ 0.55 Gyr) which implies a relict nature of the field and agrees with the present ideas on the planet's structure. The explosion of the electrolysis products contained in the ice envelope resulted in Titan's having lost ～13% of its mass in the form of gas (mainly of water vapor) and solid ice fragments, as well as in the appearance on Titan of an atmosphere (of volatile products from incomplete combustion of hydrogen and hydrocarbons) and a deep (～1000 km) ocean of liquid water. The presence of liquid water on Titan's surface is confirmed by an analysis of the available microwave measurements of brightness temperature. The condensation of the water vapor lost by Titan produced the visible inner rings of Saturn while large solid fragments of the ice envelope govern their dynamics. These are also located in the gap between Rhea and Titan (the G ring?). Most of the ice fragments were swept out from Saturn's system through perturbations by Titan. They made up a reservoir of cometary nuclei beyond Jupiter's orbit. Arguments are presented in favor of a recent (3–10 thousand years ago) explosion of Titan. Some implications from these concepts, lending themselves to observational testing, are pointed out. 相似文献