共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 433 毫秒
1.
2.
区别于以往GPS电离层层析研究主要关注迭代模型的思路,本文从两方面入手提高GPS电离层层析迭代算法的反演精度:一方面,顾及传统电离层层析迭代模型仅与对电子密度误差起放大作用的GPS射线截距权重相关的不足,提出考虑层析像素格网中的电子密度对GPS TEC的贡献建立新的迭代模型,在不同电子密度像素格网内重新分配GPS TEC实测值与其反演值之间的差距;另一方面,顾及电离层层析迭代算法中松弛因子对反演结果的影响,提出考虑电子密度变化构造新的松弛因子,抑制传播噪声对电子密度反演精度的影响.实验结果显示,相对于传统代数重构算法(ART),新方法反演的电离层电子密度剖面更接近于电离层测高仪观测的电子密度剖面,提高了电子密度反演精度. 相似文献
3.
LEO卫星信标是电离层监测的重要手段之一.利用电离层层析成像算法,LEO卫星信标能够实现区域电离层电子密度的快速重构.针对LEO卫星信标的特点,本文提出了一种函数基模型与像素基模型组合的电离层层析成像新算法.选择差分相对电离层总电子含量作为输入数据源,先通过函数基模型法获取电离层电子密度初始分布,再利用像素基模型法对初始分布进行二次迭代重构,该方法可有效降低电离层层析成像对背景电离层模型的依赖,同时能够实现电离层小尺度扰动结构的有效反演.利用数值仿真方法及低纬度电离层层析成像网的实测数据的反演结果验证了本文提出的新算法的可行性和可靠性. 相似文献
4.
附加约束的电离层层析算法是解决电离层电子密度反演中不适定问题的主要方法,为避免此类方法中约束权阵的选取不当对电子密度分布重构产生的不良影响,本文将选权拟合法应用到电离层层析成像技术中.该方法特别设计了依据电子密度空间分布特性构造参数权矩阵的方案.新方法有明确的物理意义,挖掘了隐含的信息量,为解决电离层电子密度反演中由于观测数据的不足等因素引起的不适定问题提供了一种新途径,可以得到符合客观实际的结果.数值模拟实验和实测数据的反演结果证实了该算法有效性、可靠性和优越性. 相似文献
5.
GNSS电离层层析技术在电离层探测中扮演着重要角色,然而,由于观测数据不足或分布不均,导致层析模型中固有的不适定性问题成为制约该技术推广应用的主要瓶颈,其主要表现在无信号射线像素的反演电子密度对初值比较依赖,而初值通常是由精度不高的经验模型给出,从而拉低了电离层层析的整体精度.针对该问题,本文提出了一种基于机器学习集成算法(XGBoost)的电离层层析新方法(XGB-CIT),即基于传统层析算法,利用多个连续时段中有信号射线像素的特征及其电子密度反演值对机器学习模型进行训练,然后预测后续时段中所有像素的电子密度,并以此作为电离层层析的迭代初值,实现对电离层层析算法迭代初值的精化以及层析精度和效率的提升.利用湖南省连续两天共46个时段的CORS观测数据进行层析反演,并以23个连续时段为滑动窗口构建机器学习模型进行初值预测,并在此基础上利用正演误差和电离层测高仪数据对XGB-CIT的精度和适用性进行检验.其结果表明：相较于IRI2016模型,XGBoost算法提供的迭代初值精度提高了68%,而基于该初值得到的XGB-CIT模型,其精度和效率也比传统层析方法有所提高,其中收敛速度提高了20%... 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
目前电离层掩星数据反演是基于电离层电子密度分布局部球对称近似的Abel反演方法,实际电离层的非球对称性会给电子密度反演结果带来误差.本文研究利用三维电离层模式来提供电子密度水平变化的先验信息约束电离层掩星反演的方法,即三维模式约束法;并将该方法应用于模拟掩星观测数据和实测掩星数据的反演.模拟观测数据的反演结果表明,与Abel反演方法相比,三维模式约束法能够减小反演误差.采用IRI2001模式作为约束,对COSMIC电离层掩星实测数据反演,将反演结果与全球的垂测仪数据进行比较,结果表明,三维模式约束法和Abel反演方法都能很好地反演电离层掩星. 相似文献
9.
本文给出GPS地面台网和掩星观测结合的时变三维电离层层析的原理、算法和基于实测数据的反演结果.反演结果的比较表明,联合地基GPS与掩星观测数据进行重建,电子密度整体图像的重建质量特别是其垂直结构的重建质量得到了明显改善.在平静日和磁暴期间两种条件下利用实测数据的重建结果表明,GPS地面台网和掩星观测结合的电离层层析可以获得电离层电子密度在高度-纬度-经度-时间四维空间中的变化.重建结果清晰地显示了磁暴期间电离层负相暴效应,表明结合GPS地面台网和掩星观测的时变三维电离层层析可以有效地监测扰动条件下的大尺度电离层结构. 相似文献
10.
11.
A tomographic imaging technique combined with coherence inversion is proposed for constructing a near-surface model from refraction events. A model obtained from coherence inversion serves as a good background model for the tomographic reconstruction. A simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) algorithm was used for this purpose. This is a simple algorithm and can be easily adapted to irregular acquisition geometry and limited angular aperture. Using synthetic data it was shown that the proposed procedure can be used for determination of local velocity anomalies in a shallow subsurface. The technique was also tested on a real data set. 相似文献
12.
Tomography is widely used in geophysics as a technique for imaging geological structures by means of data that are line integrals of physical characteristics. In some transmission measurements, due to various kinds of normalization, the measured data are related to two (the current and the reference) raypaths and can be expressed as a function of differences between line integrals. This is the case, for example, in seismo-acoustic emission measurements, when (since the exact start time is unknown) only the differences between traveltimes (differences between line integrals of the slowness) can be determined. Similarly the use of normalized Fourier amplitudes results in data dependent upon the difference between line integrals of the absorption coefficient (computed along the actual and the reference raypaths). In order to invert these data the ordinary tomography algorithms should be modified. Some generalizations are presented for series expansion tomography methods in order to make them applicable to reconstruction problems in which the input data are differences between two line integrals. The conjugate gradient and the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) methods were adapted and tested. It is shown that the modified tomography algorithms are stable and sufficiently accurate for practical use. In the reconstruction of noise-free difference data, the conjugate gradient algorithm is found to be faster and more accurate while, in the case of noisy difference data, the modified SIRT algorithm is more stable and insensitive to noise. 相似文献
13.
Manuela Mendes 《Geophysical Prospecting》2009,57(5):803-809
A hybrid algorithm, combining Monte-Carlo optimization with simultaneous iterative reconstructive technique (SIRT) tomography, is used to invert first arrival traveltimes from seismic data for building a velocity model. Stochastic algorithms may localize a point around the global minimum of the misfit function but are not suitable for identifying the precise solution. On the other hand, a tomographic model reconstruction, based on a local linearization, will only be successful if an initial model already close to the best solution is available. To overcome these problems, in the method proposed here, a first model obtained using a classical Monte Carlo-based optimization is used as a good initial guess for starting the local search with the SIRT tomographic reconstruction. In the forward problem, the first-break times are calculated by solving the eikonal equation through a velocity model with a fast finite-difference method instead of the traditional slow ray-tracing technique. In addition, for the SIRT tomography the seismic energy from sources to receivers is propagated by applying a fast Fresnel volume approach which when combined with turning rays can handle models with both positive and negative velocity gradients. The performance of this two-step optimization scheme has been tested on synthetic and field data for building a geologically plausible velocity model.This is an efficient and fast search mechanism, which permits insertion of geophysical, geological and geodynamic a priori constraints into the grid model and ray path is completed avoided. Extension of the technique to 3D data and also to the solution of 'static correction' problems is easily feasible. 相似文献
14.
Acoustic tomography is presented as a technique for remote monitoring of meteorological quantities. This method and a special algorithm of analysis can directly produce area-averaged values of meteorological parameters. As a result consistent data will be obtained for validation of numerical atmospheric micro-scale models. Such a measuring system can complement conventional point measurements over different surfaces. The procedure of acoustic tomography uses the horizontal propagation of sound waves in the atmospheric surface layer. Therefore, to provide a general overview of sound propagation under various atmospheric conditions a two-dimensional ray-tracing model according to a modified version of Snell’s law is used. The state of the crossed atmosphere can be estimated from measurements of acoustic travel time between sources and receivers at different points. Derivation of area-averaged values of the sound speed and furthermore of air temperature results from the inversion of travel time values for all acoustic paths. Thereby, the applied straight ray two-dimensional tomographic model using SIRT (simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique) is characterised as a method with small computational requirements, satisfactory convergence and stability properties as well as simple handling, especially, during online evaluation. 相似文献
15.
A new information criterion, the extended information criterion (EIC) was applied in order to determine an optimum solution in simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) P-wave velocity tomography. The EIC is derived from information theory and statistics, and it measures the goodness-of-fit between the true (unknown) data distribution and the observed data distribution: the former gives the probability of data realization from the true (unknown) model, whereas the latter gives a probability of data realization calculated from a particular model of which parameters are estimated. The EIC is calculated using bootstrap statistics, a numerical technique for calculating statistical estimators. Bootstrap statistics enables us to obtain the bias between the log likelihood and the expected log likelihood, and then to obtain the expected log likelihood from the log likelihood. Since the EIC is obtained numerically, we can use it for most problems of model parameter estimation without employing the maximum likelihood method. Taking weak anisotropy into account, we reconstructed the P-wave velocity structure of a rock sample during water infiltration under differential stress loading conditions. The results indicate that we can remove unrealistic solutions sometimes encountered when too many iterations are made. In spite of much computation time, the EIC is a promising technique for the near future, prompted by the rapid progress in current computer technology. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Applied Geophysics》1999,41(1):31-47
The Idaho National Laboratory (INEL) Cold Test Pit (CTP) has been carefully constructed to simulate buried hazardous waste sites. An induced polarization (IP) survey of the CTP shows a very strong polarization and a modest resistivity response associated with the simulated waste. A three-dimensional (3-D) inversion algorithm based on the simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique (SIRT) and finite difference forward modelling has been applied to generate a subsurface model of complex resistivity. The lateral extents of the waste zone are well resolved. Limited depth extent is recognized, but the bottom of the waste appears too deep. With a modelling experiment, the intrinsic polarizability of the waste material is determined. Since IP is a technique for detection of diffuse occurrences of metallic material, this method holds promise as a method to distinguish buried waste from conductive soil material. 相似文献