共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 29 毫秒
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Using the finite element method, the static and kinematic methods of limit analysis provide tools to solve many stability problems in mechanics of continuous media. The classic problem of the height limit of a Tresca or Mises vertical slope subjected to the action of gravity stems naturally from this theory in plane strain. Although the exact solution to this problem remains unknown, the present work has produced precise bounds using the static and kinematic approaches conjointly: the height limit is now between 3·760 and 3·786 C/ γ, γ being the weight per unit volume and C the soil cohesion. These tests also show that both methods, used on current workstations with industrial optimization codes such as XPRESS or OSL, are capable of solving any plane problem of limit loads in geotechnics or in structural calculus. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In this study, upper bound finite element (FE) limit analysis is applied to stability problems of slopes using a nonlinear criterion. After formulating the upper bound analysis as the dual form of a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem, the stress field and corresponding shear strength parameters can be determined iteratively. Thus, the nonlinear failure criterion is represented by the shear strength parameters associated with stress so that the analysis of slope stability using a nonlinear failure criterion can be transformed into the traditional upper bound method with a linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. Comparison with published solutions illustrates the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method for a simple homogeneous slope stability problem. The proposed approach is also applied to a seismic stability problem for a rockfill dam to study the influence of different failure criterions on the upper bound solutions. The results show that the seismic stability coefficients obtained using two different nonlinear failure criteria are similar but that the convergence differs significantly. 相似文献
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下限分析有限单元法将下限定理这一数学变分问题转化为一个数学规划问题,克服了人为构造可静应力场的困难,在实际工程中具有广阔的应用前景。通过有限元离散得到的非线性下限规划模型中包含大量的优化变量与约束条件,常规优化算法难以求解。为此,在分析非线性下限规划模型自身特点的基础上,引入可行弧技术和Wolfe非精确搜索技术改进其优化求解效率。算例分析表明,基于可行弧技术和Wolfe非精确搜索技术,下限分析有限单元法优化求解程序的收敛速度和步长搜索效率得到明显的提升,并且其数值稳定性良好、计算精度较高,可以较好地适应实际工程问题的计算。 相似文献
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土石坝的坝坡稳定是影响土石坝安全的重要因素,传统的土石坝坝坡稳定采用的是瑞典圆弧法或者毕肖普法,其计算结果既不是下限解也不是上限解。在Sloan的工作基础上,基于有效应力的方式, 用有限单元思想离散结构物,建立满足平衡条件、间断条件、应力边界条件以及屈服条件的极限分析下限法的非线性规划模型,并且编制了相应的程序,应用到土石坝坝坡稳定性的计算中。考虑了地震荷载和渗流作用,采用迭代算法对土石坝进行非线性强度指标的坝坡稳定计算。最后,以几个典型土坡和具体的土石坝工程为算例,与多种方法的分析结果比较,表明了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
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Unbounded plane stress and plane strain domains subjected to static loading undergo infinite displacements, even when the zero displacement boundary condition at infinity is enforced. However, the stress and strain fields are well behaved, and are of practical interest. This causes significant difficulty when analysis is attempted using displacement‐based numerical methods, such as the finite‐element method. To circumvent this difficulty problems of this nature are often changed subtly before analysis to limit the displacements to finite values. Such a process is unsatisfactory, as it distorts the solution in some way, and may lead to a stiffness matrix that is nearly singular. In this paper, the semi‐analytical scaled boundary finite‐element method is extended to permit the analysis of such problems without requiring any modification of the problem itself. This is possible because the governing differential equations are solved analytically in the radial direction. The displacement solutions so obtained include an infinite component, but relative motion between any two points in the unbounded domain can be computed accurately. No small arbitrary constants are introduced, no arbitrary truncation of the domain is performed, and no ill‐conditioned matrices are inverted. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A. Drescher 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1986,10(4):431-441
This paper discusses the kinematic admissibility of axisymmetric velocity fields for the upper bound stability analysis of slopes surrounding cylindrical openings in frictional materials. The governing kinematic equations for two corner regimes of the Mohr–Coulomb yield condition are analysed. Although the equations can be solved by the method of characteristics, the characteristics and the characteristic relations for each regime differ significantly, for the Haar–von Karman regime the characteristics are non-orthogonal and strong discontinuities are admissible, whereas for the other regime the characteristics are orthogonal and strong discontinuities must be excluded. Examples of simple velocity fields and the corresponding stability numbers are, given and compared with the partial collapse mechanisms. The solutions are verified against certain inequalities which must be satisfied for kinematical admissibility of axisymmetric velocity fields. 相似文献
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基于非线性规划的有限元塑性极限分析下限法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析Sloan建立的有限元塑性极限分析线性规划数学模型存在的局限性基础上,提出了基于非线性规划的有限元塑性极限分析下限法数学模型。采用非线性屈服条件构建了下限法静力容许应力场,建立了求解超载系数、强度储备系数的下限法数学模型,并提出了针对塑性极限分析非线性规划数学模型的求解策略;最后对一个经典算例进行了深入分析,验证了方法的正确性。 相似文献
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应变软化Tresca材料中扩孔问题解答及其应用 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
依据常规试验成果,对岩土材料的剪胀、剪缩和应变软化特性进行简化后,利用弹塑性理论和体积平衡原理,推导出应变软化Tresca材料中扩孔问题的一般解答,并分析了不排水饱和土扩孔问题的规律性,对解决诸如沉桩挤土效应等工程问题具有一定的应用价值。 相似文献
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基于静动力有限元的边坡抗震稳定分析方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由人工截断边界输入地震波,通过时程积分法确定地震荷载作用下边坡的应力和变形,在人工截断边界上采用黏-弹性人工边界条件模拟地基辐射阻尼的影响。采用有限元强度折减法求解边坡稳定安全系数,以塑性区贯通时刻特征点的位移突变作为边坡失稳的评判标准。非线性有限元和黏-弹性人工边界条件结合运用,建立了基于静动力有限元的边坡抗震稳定分析方法。该方法在稳定安全系数的定义上和传统的刚体极限平衡法是一致的。以十里铺水电站为工程实例,分析了库区边坡的抗震稳定性,得出了边坡动力位移时程和动力稳定安全系数,计算结果合理评价了实际工程在地震荷载下的稳定性。 相似文献
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当采用合理的强度参数时,根据常规极限平衡或极限分析方法的计算结果,很难解释一些膨胀土边坡会在极缓的坡度下发生失稳破坏的原因。事实上,由于膨胀土遇水后会发生显著的变形,在饱和区与非饱和区交界面附近会出现很大的剪应力。因此,在膨胀土边坡的稳定分析中,需要考虑这种因素的影响。根据塑性力学的上限定理,严格地导出了考虑膨胀应力作功的功能平衡方程。根据强度储备定义的安全系数即隐含在这一方程中,它可以通过迭代方法求解。边坡稳定的上限分析在数值上是利用了单元集成法来完成的。这不仅能方便地利用应力分析的成果,而且能进行滑裂面的优化,从而找到最小的安全系数。对一个坡度为1:4的膨胀土边坡的稳定计算结果表明,膨胀变形会使边坡的安全系数显著减小。当考虑膨胀时,优化得到的破坏模式是在浅层出现一个局部的滑动,它会牵动其上部的土体也相继出现局部滑动,这正好符合膨胀土滑坡时所常见的牵引性的特征。 相似文献
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刚性块体极限分析上限法常应用于岩土工程稳定性研究,然而应用时需假定刚性块体破坏模式并递推繁琐的几何关系。为此,提出一种适应性更广的基于非线性规划模型的刚体平动运动单元上限有限元法,并解决了其优化模型初始值的确定问题。通过引入有限单元思想,将计算区域离散成刚体单元,同时以单元速度和节点坐标作为决策变量,由上限定理建立非线性规划模型获得上限解。利用编制的上限有限元程序进行边坡和浅埋隧道稳定性算例验证,表明运动单元上限有限元法能调整速度间断线至较优方位,所得破坏模式特征鲜明,上限解精度高,可广泛应用于边坡、隧道等稳定性分析研究。 相似文献
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H. -B. Mühlhaus 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》1985,18(1):37-52
Summary Complete statically admissible stress fields are evaluated for the problem of tunnel stability. The tunnels are supported by uniform internal pressure due to a lining or rock bolts. In both cases plane deformations are assumed. Additionally, a complete stress field is derived for the problem of the stability of the unsupported span of a tunnel. The latter problem is formulated three dimensionally. In all cases the Mohr Coulomb yield criterion is used. The solution is based on the lower bound theorem of plasticity, which states that the stability of a statical system is proved if at least one admissible stress field exists. 相似文献
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Recent investigations on the hypoplastic constitutive model for granular materials show that the failure surface can be surpassed by some stress paths. This is contradictory to the conventional definition of failure surface in plasticity, according to which the stress is allowed to move on the failure surface but never across it. In the present paper, the interrelations among the different constitutive models are discussed with special reference to failure and stability. For the hypoplastic constitutive equation, the accessible stress states and the stable stress states are found to be enclosed by a bound surface and a stability surface in the stress space, respectively. Theoretical findings about the bound surface and the stability surface are verified qualitatively by presenting results of triaxial tests on dry sand. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The upper bound method of limit analysis of perfect plasticity is applied to stability problems of slopes with a general nonlinear failure criterion. Based on the upper bound method, a numerical procedure is suggested, which converts the complex system of differential equations to an initial value problem. Using this numerical procedure, an effective numerical method, called the inverse method, suitable for the solution of slope stability problems in soil mechanics with a general nonlinear failure criterion, is presented. A general nonlinear failure criterion for soils is also suggested, from which the effects of nonlinear failure parameters on the stability of slopes are discussed. 相似文献
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对已有的矩形巷道孔边应力研究成果进行了归纳,并提出其存在的问题。在此基础上,利用隧洞围岩应力复变函数分析法中的解析函数通式和单位圆外域-洞室外域共形映射函数计算方法,计算了不同跨高比和侧压力系数下的矩形巷道孔边应力,分析并获得了其对孔边应力分布的影响规律。给出了原岩垂直应力分量 和水平分量 单独作用下矩形巷道顶板和侧帮中点的应力集中系数,并与相关研究结果进行了比较分析,结果表明,矩形巷道的计算断面与理论断面边界线间的误差对孔边应力计算值有较大的影响。采用共形映射函数计算方法获得的计算断面更逼近理论断面,采用解析函数通式进行围岩应力计算时不产生精度损失,研究成果更接近于矩形巷道理论值,可供巷道设计及围岩稳定性分析作理论参考。 相似文献