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地电阻率多极距观测的目的是借助对观测数据的反演获得地下介质中不同层位真电阻率的变化.本文以3层结构为例,对地电阻率多极距观测的一维反演的效果进行了初步地理论研究.首先研究了一维地电阻率结构下观测数据一维反演的模拟效果,得到了各层电阻率值,且与真电阻率值很接近,说明在地下电性结构为一维的情况下,电阻率多极距观测可以区分出不同地层的电阻率变化.其次,考虑到台址下电阻率结构的复杂性,研究了上两层界面存在起伏的情况下,多极距观测数据一维反演的效果,结果显示:当电阻率变化较小时,各层反演得到的电阻率的变化与真电阻率十分符合;当上两层介质的电阻率变化较大时,各层反演得到的电阻率出现畸变,与真实电阻率的变化情况存在一定差别,表明浅层电阻率变化达到一定程度后将会影响对深部电阻率变化情况的正确判断.一般情况下,观测的时间间隔越短,则连续两次观测时段内各层介质的电阻率变化越小,因此缩短多极距观测的时间间隔可能是避免出现上述畸变现象的有效观测手段. 相似文献
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受压岩石电阻率的方向性及其在地震预报中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了受压岩石电阻率的方向性,结果表明,沿着压力方向岩石电阻率变化最小,垂直压力方向岩石电阻率变化最大,与压力方向成45°夹角的岩石电阻率变化居中。 相似文献
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我国50多年的视电阻率连续观测结果表明,大地震前近震中区域的视电阻率呈现出与主压应力方位有关的各向异性变化,即:垂直于主压应力方向观测的变化幅度最大,平行方向最小或不明显,斜交方向介于二者之间.目前我国定点台站视电阻率观测的探测范围主要在浅层沉积层以内,通常含有较多的含水裂隙.本文将地下岩土介质简化为由固体基质和含流体/气体裂隙组成的固液气三相介质,且基质、流体和气体具有标量形式的电阻率,推导出了包含基质和流体电阻率、裂隙率、饱和度和裂隙面积率因子的电阻率张量表达式.以裂隙的扩展/闭合表示应力作用下裂隙的变化,得到了电阻率随裂隙变化的微分形式,电阻率变化对裂隙体积变化放大系数的表达式和裂隙横向变化对纵向电阻率影响的横向权系数的表达式.在此基础上得到了介质电阻率和视电阻率的各向异性变化特征:对于含水裂隙介质,无论裂隙如何变化,均是最小主轴方向电阻率的变化幅度大于其他方向;对于含水孔隙介质,沿孔隙主要变化方向的主轴电阻率变化幅度大于其他方向.对于各向异性变化,视电阻率和介质电阻率存在π/2的方向差异.相较于含水岩石,无水岩石介质电阻率的各向异性变化不显著.本文提出的电阻率表达式可以对实验室和野外实际观测的许多结果做出合理的解释. 相似文献
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概述矿井岩层视电阻率实验的方法和内容,利用实验资料较详细地分析了岩石视电阻率的变化与其承受的应力一应变状态的关系,对于视电阻率的变化机制和方向性问题作了一定探讨。 相似文献
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本文定量分析地温、地下水位变化对视电阻率的影响。首先建立与地温、地下水位变化相应的地电断面,这种断面的电性不是分层均匀的,然后用有限单元法计算视电阻率。计算结果表明,对与临沂地电台相近的地电断面,地下水位的变化对视电阻年变的影响大于地温年变的影响,前者约为后者的两倍。基岩对年变大小有强烈的控制作用,基岩浅,年变明显,基岩深,年变大为减弱。 相似文献
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Parts of the consecutive apparent resistivity monitoring stations of China have recorded clear diurnal variations. The relative amplitudes of diurnal variations at these stations range from 1.3‰ to 5.8‰. The daily accuracies of apparent resistivity observation are better than 1‰, because the background electromagnetic noise is rather low at these stations. Therefore, the diurnal variations of apparent resistivity recorded at these stations are real phenomena. The diurnal variation shapes can be divided into two opposite types according to their characteristics. One type is that the apparent resistivity data decreases during the daytime but increases during the nighttime(Type 1). The other type is the apparent resistivity data increases during the daytime but decreases during the nighttime(Type 2). There is a correspondence between the diurnal and annual variation patterns of apparent resistivity. For the monitoring direction with diurnal variation of Type 1, the apparent resistivity decreases in summer and increases in winter. However, for the monitoring direction with diurnal variation of Type 2, the apparent resistivity increases in summer and decreases in winter.
We take an analysis on the mechanism of apparent resistivity diurnal variation, combining the influence factors of water-bearing medium's resistivity, the electric structure of stations, and the apparent resistivity sensitivity coefficient(SC)theory. Intuitively, diurnal variation of apparent resistivity is caused by diurnal variation of medium resistivity in the measured area. The diurnal variation of medium resistivity will inevitably be caused by the factors with diurnal variation. Among the possible factors, there is diural variation in earth tide and temperature.
Our analysis displays that apparent resistivity diurnal variation is not caused by the usually-believed earth tide, but by the ground temperature difference between daytime and nighttime. The earth tide strain is too small to cause remarkable effects on the apparent resistivity data. On the other hand, the daily tide strain has two peak-valley variations, and its phase and amplitude has a period of approximate 28 days. However, the apparent resistivity data do not show these corresponding features to earth tide. Furthermore, the detection range of current apparent resistivity stations is within a depth of several hundred meters. Within this depth range, the medium deformation caused by solid tide can be regarded as uniform change. Therefore, all monitoring directions and all stations will have the same pattern of diurnal variation.
In general, the temperature increases in the daytime but decreases in the nighttime. For most water-bearing rock and soil medium, its resistivity decreases as temperature increases and increases as temperature decreases. Diurnal temperature difference affects about 0.4m of soil depth. Therefore, resistivity of this surface thin soil layer decreases in the daytime while increases in the nighttime. Under layered medium model, SC of each layer represents its contribution to the apparent resistivity. For the stations with positive SC of surface layer, apparent resistivity decreases in the daytime but increases in the nighttime. While for the stations with negative SC of surface layer, apparent resistivity diurnal variations display the opposite shape. 相似文献
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本文给出了水平分层大地视电阻率的一种改进的定义,在这种改进了的视电阻率的远区曲线中,假极值效应有所压低,曲线的起伏度变得比原来的大,视电阻率的值也较接近于地层的真实电阻率.这些特性对于作出正确的判断都是有利的. 相似文献
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The interpretation of vertical electrical sounding data can be facilitated by the application of the reciprocal geoelectric section. If an apparent resistivity field curve has a descending right end, the apparent resistivity curve of the reciprocal geoelectric section can be obtained by the application of linear filter theory; from this the total transverse resistance of the geoelectric section can be calculated without having to interpret the field curve. In addition, Orellana's auxiliary point method can now be extended to interpret three and four layer apparent resistivity curves of all types. This paper summarizes the properties of the resistivity transform curve, the apparent resistivity curve, and the apparent resistivity curve of the reciprocal geoelectric section, with several new applications. 相似文献
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本文以三层电剖面模型计算出由于电剖面参数变化而引起的视电阻率变化,进而说明因地下水位变化所引起的视电阻率变化是可能估计的。根据这个结果能够确定出由于地下水干扰所引起的视电阻率异常幅度,这将有利于视电阻率变化与地震关系的定性、定量分析研究。实际工作表明,视电阻率变化很复杂,许多因素都会使视电阻率发生变化,但水的影响很重要,因此,研究这个问题有重要意义。 相似文献
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大地电磁测深中相位微分的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大地电磁测深研究中,长期以来使用视电阻率和相位作为解释参数,但视电阻率和相位均存在一定的局限性。本文从理论上研究了相位微分的性质,探讨了Bostick电阻率和Cagniard电阻率同相位微分之间的关系,通过实例说明了相位微分的使用方法。结果表明,一维和二维TM模式的相位微分是一个很好的参数,对H型模型和A型模型都能得到较准确的地质体参数。 相似文献