共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 718 毫秒
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通过在苏锡常地区选择典型地段进行浅层地下水开采试验工作,从浅层地下水水文地质条件(含水层展布、岩性、厚度、水质)综合分析其开发利用前景,提出了合理的浅层地下水开采方式及地下水的利用方向,对于保护深层水资源,防止地面沉降及土壤盐渍化有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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山东黄泛平原区浅层地下水丰富,但由于含水层岩性以粉砂为主,单井出水量小,井水含泥沙量高,井易淤易堵,因而影响该层地下水的开发利用。通过对填砾厚度与单井出水量及井水泥沙含量试验资料的分析,得出适宜细颗粒地层分布区成井的最佳填砾厚度为１５０￣２００ｍｍ。这一结论对该类地区浅层地下水开发利用具有指导意义。 相似文献
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《地下水》2017,(3)
江都地区位于长江三角洲平原和里下河平原的交汇处,第四纪松散层厚度大,含水层发育,受长江和淮河两大流域沉积影响,不同地区含水层厚度、颗粒、结构和富水性差异较大。通过对比分析江都地区第四纪含水层水文地质结构可以看出,第四纪含水层具厚度大、砂层层次少、颗粒粗、水量丰富等特点,含水层岩性较细,以中细砂、粉细砂为主,砂层厚度薄且呈多层状,含水层之间发育厚度较大的稳定隔水层,水量一般。同时通过对江都地区地下水开采现状分析发现,由于江都区开采井及开采量逐年增加,水位逐年下降,并引发了江都地区的地面沉降,应采取严格地下水开采管理、科学合理开采地下水合理控制水位、加强浅层地下水资源合理利用和地下水应急水源地建设等措施,量化研究开采地下水与地面沉降的关系,合理确定开采井的分布、开采量和控制水位,为江都区水资源合理开采提供基础支撑,为地面沉降机理研究和防治提供了基础。 相似文献
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浅层地下水氮污染的影响因素分析--以松嫩盆地松花江北部高平原为例 总被引：15，自引：4，他引：11
研究区浅层地下水中的NO-3质量浓度在时间分布上与降雨(包括降雨期、降雨量)和施肥(包括施肥期、施肥量)存在较大的相关性.同一年内9月份(丰水期末)浅层地下水中NO-3质量浓度大于5月份(枯水期末)的质量浓度.年际间总体变化趋势随年降雨量的变化而变化.在空间分布上主要受地下水水位埋深、水力坡度、含水层岩性及厚度的影响,水位埋深越大、含水层渗透性越强、水力坡度越小,浅层地下水中NO-3质量浓度增高的趋势越明显.为验证上述定性分析所得结论的可靠性,采用因子分析法对上述时空变量进行了定量评价.结果表明,研究区浅层地下水中的氮污染主要是上述时空变量共同影响的结果,其中降雨和水位埋深对其影响程度相对较大. 相似文献
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基于GIS的黄河三角洲地下水开发适宜性评价模型 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文运用地理信息系统（GIS）技术，建立了黄河三角洲地区浅层地下水开发适宜性综合评价模型。评价模型考虑了浅层地下水补给，含水层导水性和储水性，地下水水质，土地利用以及地下水开采对环境影响等多方面因素，模型评价结果为地下水开发适宜性等级分区图。模型评价成果为黄河三角洲地区浅层地下水资源规划和开发利用提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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岩溶区地表水与地下水资源及环境统一评价的流域边界划分研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
岩溶地区地表水流域与地下水流域边界的分异形式有三类,即:地表分水岭与地下水流域边界在平面分布上基本一致;地表分水岭超出了地下水流域边界;地下水流域边界超出了地表分水岭。岩溶区地表水与地下水耦合流域的顶界为地表水流域的水面及下垫面,底界为浅循环潜水含水层或潜水—承压含水层下伏的隔水层顶面,在大厚度岩溶含水层分布区,可以弱岩溶发育带的顶面作为底界。其中地表水与地下水两个子系统间的次级边界,为地表水流域的下垫面。结合专门调查（勘查）评价和区域调查评价的特性,提出评价单元划分的原则及方法。这有助于在新一轮自然资源调查评价中,以流域为单元系统地开展水资源及环境调查评价,实行地表水和地下水资源及环境的统一管理。 相似文献
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浅层地温能利用前景广阔。据实际勘查资料和测试数据,采用层次分析法及C-A分型方法对乌鲁木齐市北部城区进行浅层地温能定量适宜性分区评价。结果表明,地下水源热泵适宜,较适宜区面积196.35 km^2,分布在第四系卵砾石厚度适中、含水层富水性好、单井涌水量1 000~5 000 m^3/d、地下水径流速度0.1~0.2 m/d的地带;土源热泵适宜、较适宜区总面积284.50 km^2,分布在黄土、粉土、砂砾卵石厚度大于30 m的地带,研究区其它地方不适宜浅层地温能的建设。评价结果对该区浅层地温能开发利用具有良好的指导作用。 相似文献
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鲁西南地区高氟水分布规律与成因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地方性氟中毒是我国北方地区最为典型的地方病之一,查明高氟地下水的空间分布及其成因是除氟改水、防治氟害的前提。通过对鲁西南地区不同层位地下水水质分析结果及水文地质、地质条件等多个环境影响因素的综合分析,查明了鲁西南地区高氟水的空间分布规律,并分析了影响浅层和深层高氟水形成的环境因素。浅层高氟水呈片状分布于洼地、缓平坡地等地势较低的区域,占鲁西南地区总面积的47%,大部分地区高氟水氟离子含量为1.2～2.0 mg/L,局部大于4.0 mg/L,其形成受气候、地质环境、地形地貌特征及水化学环境等多个因素的影响,成因类型为溶滤-蒸发浓缩型。深层高氟水具有水平分带性,占鲁西南地区总面积的65%,大部分高氟水氟离子含量为2.0～4.0 mg/L,氟离子含量分布与晚更新世沉积相带呈现很好的相似性,推测其为地质历史时期形成的古地下水。 相似文献
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The impact of groundwater withdrawals on the interaction between multi-layered aquifers with different water qualities in the Viterbo geothermal area (central Italy) was studied. In this area, deep thermal waters are used to supply thermal spas and public pools. A shallow overlying aquifer carries cold and fresh water, used for irrigation and the local drinking-water supply. Starting with a conceptual hydrogeological model, two simplified numerical models were implemented: a steady-state flow model of the entire groundwater system, and a steady-state flow and heat transport model of a representative area, which included complex interactions between the aquifers. The impact of increased withdrawals associated with potential future development of the thermal aquifer must be considered in terms of the water temperature of the existing thermal sources. However, withdrawals from the shallow aquifer might also influence the discharge of thermal sources and quality of the water withdrawn from the shallow wells. The exploitation of the two aquifers is dependent on the hydraulic conductivity and thickness of the intervening aquitard, which maintains the delicate hydrogeological equilibrium. Effective methods to control this equilibrium include monitoring the vertical gradient between the two aquifers and the residual discharge of natural thermal springs. 相似文献
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This paper focuses on a small back-barrier sand-island on the southeast coast of Queensland. The freshwater lens in the study area exhibits anomalously high short-range salinity gradients at shallow depths, which cannot be explained using a standard seawater intrusion model. The island groundwater system consists of two aquifers: a semiconfined aquifer hosting saline to hypersaline groundwater and an overlying unconfined freshwater aquifer. The deeper aquifer is semiconfined within an incised paleovalley, and groundwater flow is restricted to an east – west direction. Tidal response observations show that the tidal signal propagates far more rapidly and is of much higher magnitude in the semiconfined aquifer than the unconfined aquifer. The tidal wave-pulse amplitude is also subject to greater attenuation in the unconfined aquifer. A conceptual hydrogeological model illustrates how upwelling of hypersaline groundwater, induced by density-dependent flow and tidal pumping, has contaminated the shallow groundwater resource. Salinisation at shallow depths is restricted to an area proximal to the paleovalley aquifer. The spatial distribution of lithological heterogeneity is an initial limiting control on the movement of the upwelling saline plume. The extent of shallow groundwater contamination is also limited by the presence of a baroclinic field, resulting from lateral variations in fluid density. Hydrochemical signatures have been used to support the model hypothesis and link the salinisation of fresh groundwater with the semiconfined aquifer as opposed to the surrounding estuarine surface water. The geometry and thickness of the freshwater lens are further controlled by the presence of the largely impermeable bedrock paleosurface between 9 and 12 m depth. The combination of hypersaline groundwater and hydraulically restrictive lithology at shallow depths has produced excessive thinning of the freshwater lens, demonstrating that the application of a model such as the Dupuit – Ghyben – Herzberg relationship would grossly overestimate the available groundwater resource. 相似文献
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Characteristics of groundwater and urban emergency water sources optimazation in Luoyang,China 
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下载免费PDF全文 The construction of emergency water sources is the material basis for ensuring urban water safety, and it is also an inherent requirement for maintaining social stability and development. The hydrogeological characteristics of groundwater in Luoyang City from the aspects of the division of groundwater aquifer groups, water yield property and groundwater dynamics were described in this paper. Two emergency water sources were selected on basis of comprehensively considering groundwater resources and ecological environmental effects, groundwater quality and exploitation technology, etc. Then it further analysed the aquifer types, water yield properties and groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge conditions of the two emergency water sources, and evaluate the groundwater resources quantity of the water sources. The results are that the shallow underground aquifer in Luoyang City is thick, coarse, and stable in lithology and thickness. The two water sources enjoy good exploitation potential and can be used as backup water sources to supply water in the event of a water source crisis. 相似文献
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查明地下水中砷的时间变异性规律及机理是高砷地下水研究的难点和热点, 也是防控地下水砷污染的根本.选择在雨季前后对浅层潜水和孔隙承压水进行了动态监测.研究表明地下水砷含量和形态与地下水位波动存在明显的响应关系: 雨季开始后随着地下水位抬升, 地下水还原环境增强, As(Ⅴ)和Asp转化成As(Ⅲ), 颗粒态铁大幅降低, 导致水中溶解的砷和铁大幅增加, 地下水砷含量在雨季达到最高且As(Ⅲ)所占比例达到90%;雨季结束后随着水位逐渐降低, 地下水中As(Ⅲ)所占比例和溶解的砷含量下降.农业活动对浅层潜水砷形态季节性变化有明显的影响.孔隙承压水的砷形态分布变化较浅层潜水幅度大, 其变化与水位波动存在滞后效应.自然或人为活动引起的地下水位季节性变化改变了含水层的氧化还原环境, 补给水源与地下水之间的混合过程带来新的物质输入促进地下水系统中砷的迁移转化. 相似文献
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Controls on groundwater flow in the Bengal Basin of India and Bangladesh: regional modeling analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes is produced primarily from shallow parts of the Bengal Basin aquifer system (India and Bangladesh), which contains high concentrations of dissolved arsenic (exceeding worldwide drinking water standards), though deeper groundwater is generally low in arsenic. An essential first step for determining sustainable management of the deep groundwater resource is identification of hydrogeologic controls on flow and quantification of basin-scale groundwater flow patterns. Results from groundwater modeling, in which the Bengal Basin aquifer system is represented as a single aquifer with higher horizontal than vertical hydraulic conductivity, indicate that this anisotropy is the primary hydrogeologic control on the natural flowpath lengths. Despite extremely low hydraulic gradients due to minimal topographic relief, anisotropy implies large-scale (tens to hundreds of kilometers) flow at depth. Other hydrogeologic factors, including lateral and vertical changes in hydraulic conductivity, have minor effects on overall flow patterns. However, because natural hydraulic gradients are low, the impact of pumping on groundwater flow is overwhelming; modeling indicates that pumping has substantially changed the shallow groundwater budget and flowpaths from predevelopment conditions. 相似文献