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1.
以湘中坳陷涟源凹陷上二叠统龙潭组和大隆组海陆过渡相泥页岩为研究对象,重点选取12块典型泥页岩钻井岩心样品开展有机碳含量、岩石热解、X射线衍射、密度法孔隙度、高压压汞、二氧化碳和氮气吸附等测试分析,利用氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）观察了泥页岩孔隙特征,通过定性描述和定量测定相结合的方法研究了海陆过渡相泥页岩纳-微米级孔隙结构特征及孔隙发育影响因素.研究结果表明:龙潭组和大隆组泥页岩有机碳含量均较高,热演化程度处在凝析油和湿气生成阶段早期,对应Ro为1.22%~1.43%;泥页岩孔隙类型主要为粒间孔、粒内孔、有机孔和微纳米缝.龙潭组与大隆组样品在孔隙形态、孔隙大小和影响因素上均有差异:龙潭组样品氮气吸附滞回环开口宽,有机孔形态多为圆形和椭圆形,孔径较大;大隆组样品氮气吸附滞回环开口窄,有机孔形态多为不规则状,孔径较小;龙潭组泥岩和大隆组泥页岩样品有机碳含量与黏土矿物含量呈正相关关系,2套样品的微孔孔隙积体与有机碳和黏土矿物含量均呈正相关性;龙潭组样品介孔+宏孔的孔隙体积与有机碳和黏土矿物含量呈正相关性,与石英+长石含量呈负相关性;大隆组样品中的碳酸盐矿物对其孔隙性有明显影响,大隆组样品介孔+宏孔孔隙体积与有机碳、黏土矿物和石英+长石含量相关性不明显. 相似文献
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黔西北地区上二叠统龙潭组泥页岩储层特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
贵州省发育多套含气页岩层系,近年来对于寒武系和志留系黑色页岩进行了较为深入的研究,但是对于上二叠统龙潭组黑色页岩储层研究较为缺乏。文中通过对黔西北地区上二叠统龙潭组黑色页岩进行全岩X衍射矿物分析、TOC含量和Ro、比表面和孔径等测试,特别是场发射扫描电镜实验,分析了龙潭组页岩孔隙类型及储层特征。结果表明：黔西北地区上二叠统龙潭组页岩主要矿物组成是黏土矿物(41.4%)和石英(47.8%)。从空间上看页岩中黏土矿物含量从北向南先减少后增加,石英含量在大方县中部和南部较高。龙潭组黑色页岩的孔隙以中孔为主,空间上从北向南呈现周期性的变化规律。龙潭组泥页岩孔隙分为3类,即粒间孔、粒内孔和有机孔。其中有机孔主要为纳米级,数量丰富,一般呈不规则的圆形,是吸附态赋存的天然气的主要储集空间,具有重要的研究价值。龙潭组页岩孔隙特征受TOC含量和黏土矿物影响明显。有机碳含量高,则微孔越丰富。黏土矿物含量高,则中孔较丰富。石英则对宏孔体积贡献较大。这样定量实验的结果很好的对应了扫描电镜中定性观察的结果。 相似文献
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为了揭示湘中与湘东南坳陷海陆过渡相页岩含气潜力及勘探方向,对该区下石炭统岩关阶组和上二叠统龙潭组泥页岩进行总有机碳含量TOC、镜质体反射率Rran、干酪根碳同位素、有机质显微组成、X衍射、扫描电镜、孔渗特征和等温吸附等测试。结果表明岩关阶组和龙潭组处于成熟-高成熟期、类型以Ⅲ型为主;龙潭组泥页岩TOC含量普遍较高、而岩关阶组泥页岩TOC含量较低。龙潭组和岩关阶关组泥页岩矿物主要为黏土矿物和石英,部分含有较高的方解石。这两套页岩的孔隙发育较差,主要孔隙类型为有机孔、溶蚀孔和层间裂缝。孔隙度为0.41%~2.76%、渗透率为（0.08~0.98）×10-3 μm2。孔隙度主要受TOC控制,不稳定矿物如长石和碳酸盐岩虽然能提供一定孔隙,但对页岩物性的影响有限。泥页岩的甲烷吸附量普遍在1.67~2.5 cm3/g,2015H-D3井龙潭组泥页岩现场解吸气量普遍大于0.5 cm3/g,最高为2.35 cm3/g,表明湘中和湘东南地区龙潭组具有一定的页岩气潜力,但岩关阶组勘探前景相对较差。 相似文献
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The organic-rich shale of the Shanxi and Taiyuan Formation of the Lower Permian deposited in a marine-continental transitional environment are well developed in the Ordos Basin, NW China, which is considered to contain a large amount of shale hydrocarbon resources. This study takes the Lower Permian Shanxi and Taiyuan shale collected from well SL# in the Ordos Basin, NW China as an example to characterize the transitional shale reservoir. Based on organic geochemistry data, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) observations, the desorbed gas contents of this transitional shale were systematically studied and the shale gas potential was investigated. The results indicate that the Lower Permian Shanxi and Taiyuan shale has a relatively high total organic carbon (TOC) (average TOC of 4.9%) and contains type III kerogen with a high mature to over mature status. XRD analyses show that an important characteristic of the shale is that clay and brittle minerals of detrital origin comprise the major mineral composition of the marine-continental transitional shale samples, while the percentages of carbonate minerals, pyrite and siderite are relatively small. FE-SEM observations reveal that the mineral matrix pores are the most abundant in the Lower Permian shale samples, while organic matter (OM) pores are rarely developed. Experimental analysis suggests that the mineral compositions mainly govern the macropore development in the marine-continental transitional shale, and mineral matrix pores and microfractures are considered to provide space for gas storage and migration. In addition, the desorption experiments demonstrated that the marine-continental transitional shale in the Ordos Basin has a significantly potential for shale gas exploration, ranging from 0.53 to 2.86 m3/t with an average value of 1.25m3/t, which is in close proximity to those of terrestrial shale (1.29 m3/t) and marine shale (1.28 m3/t). In summary, these results demonstrated that the Lower Permian marine-continental transitional shale in the Ordos Basin has a significantly potential for shale gas exploration. 相似文献
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为了研究下扬子地区二叠系大隆组页岩孔隙结构特征,联合扫描电镜、高压压汞、N2/CO2气体吸附实验手段对页岩储层孔隙结构进行了研究。结果表明,研究区二叠系大隆组页岩孔隙类型以有机质孔、粒间孔、粒内孔、溶蚀孔和微裂缝为主;孔隙结构为多峰态-多尺度孔隙并存,微孔-介孔-宏孔都有发育,各个尺度的孔隙对孔容都有所贡献,其中以0.75～1.5 nm的微孔、10～35 nm的介孔及大于100 nm的宏孔为主。通过拟合孔体积、比表面积与埋深、有机碳(TOC)、成熟度(RO)以及矿物含量的相关性发现,微孔表面积与埋深、TOC呈正相关;微介孔体积和表面积均与RO呈负相关;宏孔体积与埋深、TOC、黏土矿物含量呈负相关,与RO呈较正相关;宏孔表面积与埋深成正比,与RO成反比。研究结果说明下扬子地区大隆组页岩孔隙发育主要受控于埋深、TOC、RO、黏土矿物含量等因素。 相似文献
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通过氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜、小角X射线散射及低温氮气吸附实验,对宁镇地区下志留统仑山5井等高家边组底部富有机质泥页岩孔隙结构进行分析,为下扬子区下志留统富有机质泥页岩的储层评价提供依据。研究表明:高家边组富有机质泥页岩含有大量的纳米级孔隙,包括有机质孔、矿物粒间孔、矿物粒内孔、微裂缝等,孔径分布复杂;优势孔径分布为介孔段,孔隙直径主要为2~50 nm。影响孔径分布的主要因素是矿物组成,脆性矿物和黏土矿物对微孔和介孔都有一定的影响,而有机质含量对泥页岩总体孔隙特征的影响并不明显。 相似文献
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Organic matter (OM) and minerals are major particle components of lacustrine shales. The influence of OM and minerals on pore space and structure in organic-rich oil-prone shales containing a large range of total organic carbon (TOC) contents is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the variation in pore space and structure of low mature lacustrine shales in the Songliao Basin (NE China), based on a study of the mineralogy, petrography, geochemistry, and geophysical properties of shales. Different pore types make markedly different contributions to the mineral surface area (MSA) and pore volume (PV) of the shales. There exists a negative correlation between MSA/PV and TOC in mesopores (r2 = 0.75/0.65) and macropores (r2 = 0.74/0.68), and a positive correlation in micropores (r2 = 0.59/0.64), which are associated with the variation of mineral and TOC contents. A positive relationship between the throat/pore ratio and TOC (r2 = 0.82) shows an increase in throat radius and decrease in pore radius with increasing TOC content. This relationship is supported by the reduction in mean pore diameter (MPD) for large pores and increase in MPD for small pores. These variations are related to the decreased pores by quartz plus feldspar (Q + F) content, increased throats by clay minerals, and enhanced pore-fill by OM. We propose that the variation of OM and minerals is a key control on the pore space and structure of low mature organic-rich oil-prone shales. 相似文献
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目前虽认为元坝气田长兴组天然气主要为原油裂解气,但尚未进行该气田的古油藏的定量恢复并计算原油裂解气的资源量,并系统分析古油藏原油的来源.长兴组储层普遍可见固体沥青,是原油裂解的直接产物,且原油裂解在本区构造抬升变形前就已经完成,因此储层沥青可用来识别古油层的分布.根据储层沥青的纵向和平面分布,确定了7个可靠的古油藏和4个可能的古油藏,并运用容积法恢复出本区聚集的古原油为6.14×108 t,计算出相应的原油裂解气为3 807.08×108 m3,远大于现今气田的天然气探明储量,表明原油裂解气可以提供充足的气源,进一步证明了天然气主要为原油裂解气.通过长兴组储层沥青与不同层系烃源岩干酪根的碳同位素δ13C值对比,并结合烃源层分布和TOC等资料,确定古油藏原油主要来源于有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主的上二叠统吴家坪组烃源岩,其次为长兴组/大隆组烃源岩.后者主要分布在广元-南江-通江地区,该区的天然气勘探不能忽视该套烃源岩的生烃潜力与成藏贡献. 相似文献
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A set of organic-rich shales of the upper Permian Longtan Formation, which is widely developed in the northeastern part of the Sichuan Basin, is a key formation for the next step of exploration and development. At present, most studies on this set of formations have focused on the reservoir characteristics and reservoir formation mechanism of the shales, and basic studies on the palaeoenvironment and organic matter(OM) enrichment mechanism have not been fully carried out. In this paper, we recov... 相似文献
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页岩气储集空间与储层矿物特征关系密切,以四川盆地东缘龙马溪组页岩为研究对象,利用矿物组成、微量元素、地球化学等测试结果,结合低温氮气吸附法和高分辨率成像技术,采用多元统计分析方法,建立了页岩孔容预测方程,并分析孔隙分布特征和影响因素。结果表明,龙马溪组中部和底部页岩组分含量差异较大,生物成因的自生石英发育是龙马溪组底部石英含量高的主要原因;页岩纳米级孔隙以2~5 nm为主,对孔容贡献率介于64.2%~70.1%;建立的页岩组分含量与孔容的预测模型高度显著。脆性矿物孔、黏土矿物片间孔及其粒内孔是富黏土矿物页岩的主要孔隙类型,孔隙呈微缝状,小于2 nm孔隙不发育;有机质含量是富有机质页岩孔容大小的主控因素,有机质孔的面孔率介于8.8%~12.5%;有机质含量及成熟度是小于2 nm微孔发育的主控因素,大于50 nm孔隙的发育则受控于黏土矿物、石英及长石含量。 相似文献
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为探究生物地层格架下五峰组—龙马溪组孔隙结构特征,在笔石带划分的基础上结合孔隙结构特征及其影响因素将SY-3井五峰组—龙马溪组划分为LM5—LM7、WF4—LM4、WF2—WF3三个笔石带,并基于扫描电镜、低温氮气吸附实验、高压压汞实验等技术手段,分别对这三个笔石带进行孔隙结构特征的研究和对比。结果表明:LM5—LM7富集黏土矿物,主要发育较大孔径孔隙,以黏土矿物粒间孔为主;WF4—LM4富集有机质,主要发育较小孔径孔隙,以有机质孔为主;WF2—WF3富集石英,主要发育小孔径孔隙,以石英粒间孔为主,但大部分石英粒间孔被黏土矿物和有机质充填。LM5—LM7孔隙发育主要受TOC含量和矿物含量的影响,WF4—LM4孔隙发育主要受TOC含量影响,而WF2—WF3受矿物组分、有机质赋存特征及成岩作用等因素共同影响。不同笔石带由于沉积环境的差异导致其具有不同的有机质丰度及矿物组分,从而导致了孔隙结构的差异。 相似文献
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ZHANG Xu LIU Chenglin LI Bing WU Linqiang GUI Herong WANG Ziling ZHANG Zhihui LIANG Dexiu 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):337-351
The Songliao Basin is one of the most important petroliferous basins in northern China. With a recent gradual decline in conventional oil production in the basin, the exploration and development of unconventional resources are becoming increasingly urgent. The Qingshankou Formation consists of typical Upper Cretaceous continental strata, and represents a promising and practical replacement resource for shale oil in the Songliao Basin. Previous studies have shown that low-mature to mature Qingshankou shale mainly preserves type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ1 organic matter, with relatively high total organic carbon(TOC) content. It is estimated that there is a great potential to explore for shale oil resources in the Qingshankou Formation in this basin. However, not enough systematic research has been conducted on pore characteristics and their main controlling factors in this lacustrine shale reservoir. In this study, 19 Qingshankou shales from two wells drilled in the study area were tested and analyzed for mineral composition, pore distribution and feature evolution using Xray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption(N2-GA), and thermal simulation experiments. The XRD results show that clay, quartz, and feldspar are the dominant mineral constituents of Qingshankou shale. The clay minerals are mostly illite/smectite mixed layers with a mean content of 83.5%, followed by illite, chlorite, and kaolinite. There are abundant deposits of clay-rich shale in the Qingshankou Formation in the study area, within which many mineral and organic matter pores were observed using SEM. Mineral pores contribute the most to shale porosity;specifically, clay mineral pores and carbonate pores comprise most of the mineral pores in the shale. Among the three types of organic matter pores, type B is more dominant the other two. Pores with diameters greater than 10 nm supply the main pore volume;most are half-open slits and wedge-shaped pores. The total pore volume had no obvious linear relationship with TOC content, but had some degree of positive correlation with the content of quartz + feldspar and clay minerals respectively. However, it was negatively correlated with carbonate mineral content. The specific surface area of the pores is negatively related to TOC content, average pore diameter, and carbonate mineral content. Moreover, it had a somewhat positive correlation with clay mineral content and no clear linear relationship with the content of quartz + feldspar. With increases in maturity, there was also an increase in the number of carbonate mineral dissolution pores and organic matter pores, average pore diameter, and pore volume, whereas there was a decrease in specific surface area of the pores. Generally, the Qingshankou shale is at a low-mature to mature stage with a TOC content of more than 1.0%, and could be as thick as 250 m in the study area. Pores with diameters of more than 10 nm are well-developed in the shale. This research illustrates that there are favorable conditions for shale oil occurrence and enrichment in the Qingshankou shale in the study area. 相似文献
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四川盆地上二叠统吴家坪阶岩石类型多样,按岩性及岩相特征的不同,吴家坪阶可划分为4种类
型,即峨眉山玄武岩组火山岩、宣威组陆相碎屑岩,龙潭组海陆过渡相碎屑岩以及吴家坪组海相石灰岩,横向
上岩性变化明显。在对露头和钻井剖面单因素定量及定性资料分析的基础上,采用单因素分析多因素综合作图
法,对四川盆地晚二叠世吴家坪期的岩相古地理进行了研究及编图。吴家坪期总体上自西南向东北依次展布剥
蚀区、冲积平原、碎屑岩台地、碳酸盐岩台地、斜坡(过渡带)和盆地,其中碳酸盐岩台地内局部发育低能生
屑滩。四川盆地吴家坪期成煤环境多样,三角洲、湖-海湾及潮坪相成为煤层发育的主要相带,这些环境中
的暗色泥岩、页岩及煤,为吴家坪阶重要的烃源岩,碳酸盐岩台地环境中的石灰岩也可以作为吴家坪阶主要储
集岩。 相似文献
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渝东南地区龙马溪组高演化页岩微纳米孔隙非均质性及主控因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对页岩气赋存的主要场所页岩孔隙的研究是解决页岩气赋存和保存机理的关键,但目前缺少有效的手段去定量刻画高演化页岩微纳米孔隙的非均质性特征。通过低压N2吸附/解吸、高压压汞、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)等实验,运用分形维数对渝东南地区龙马溪组高演化页岩微纳米孔隙非均质性进行了定量分析。结果表明：高演化页岩的微纳米级孔隙非均质性极强。中孔(2.0~50.0 nm)中2.0~4.5 nm 的孔隙分形维数平均2.853 4,4.5~50.0 nm 的孔隙分形维数平均2.7367,这种极强非均质性主要受有机质控制。总有机碳(TOC)含量大于1.7 %时,有机质孔在中孔中占主导地位,粘土矿物含量的增加会在一定程度上增加中孔的非均质性。宏孔(＞50.0 nm)分形维数平均2.8441,非均质性较强,主要受石英和碳酸盐等脆性矿物控制,随着碳酸盐矿物含量的增大,非均质程度增加,有机质对页岩宏孔的非均质性影响不明显。 相似文献
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页岩气的成功勘探开发引发了全球海相页岩研究的热潮, 然而对处于生油窗内的陆相页岩储集性能的研究尚需加强.基于光学薄片、场发射扫描电镜、环境扫描电镜、纳米CT、图像分析、GRI物性、气体吸附等方法对长7段泥页岩储集性能进行系统研究.结果表明: 长7段泥页岩形成于陆相半深湖-深湖环境, 面积为10×104 km2, TOC＞2%, Ro=0.8%~1.0%, HI=124~480 mg/g, 生烃潜力高; 脆性矿物含量为45%~59%, 孔隙度为0.6%~3.8%, 渗透率为0.000 72×10-3~0.002 30×10-3 μm2; 主要发育粒内孔、粒间孔和有机质孔, 以伊蒙混层等粘土矿物粒内孔为主, 有机质孔较少; 孔隙直径为30~200 nm, 孔喉系统连通性中等, 具备储集能力; 伊蒙混层等粘土矿物含量与比孔容相关性优于热演化程度与烃指数等, 表明长7页岩微观孔隙主要受控于成岩作用, 有机质生烃作用对储集空间贡献相对较小; 滞留烃主要以吸附态和游离态存在于黄铁矿晶间孔、伊蒙混层粒内孔、伊利石粒内孔与长石粒间孔. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地东南部上古生界海陆过渡相页岩储集性与含气性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界海陆过渡相页岩是重要的页岩气富集层系,但是含气性及其控制因素研究薄弱,制约了对该地区页岩气的勘探和研究。论文通过对鄂尔多斯东南部本溪和山西组大量页岩样品开展有机地球化学、矿物组成、页岩孔隙及分布的研究,评价了海陆过渡相页岩的储集性;通过含气量现场解吸和等温吸附实验,分析了页岩含气特征和影响因素。结论认为研究区海陆过渡相页岩有机质丰度高(TOC含量0.5%~11%),主要发育III型干酪根,有机质成熟度较高(1.0%~3.0% Ro);矿物组成以富黏土页岩为特征,黏土矿物含量可高达60%以上。总孔隙度分布在2%~8%,部分样品微裂缝发育。孔隙类型以平行板状的狭缝型孔隙介孔为主,在岩石孔隙比表面积和孔体积的贡献占90%以上;TOC含量与孔隙比表面积及孔隙总体积具有密切的相关性,有机质孔隙对岩石总孔隙构成具有重要贡献。现场解吸含气量为0.591~4.05 m3/t,兰氏体积从0.05 m3/t到14 m3/t都有分布,页岩实测含气量与气体吸附能力差异大。TOC含量是控制海陆过渡相页岩含气量和含气能力的重要因素,富黏土矿物的吸附作用可使样品含气能力显著增加。 相似文献