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1.
湘西隘口新元古代基性-超基性岩墙年代学和地球化学特征:岩石成因及其构造意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
湘西隘口地区基性-超基性岩墙锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄为831.6±9.7Ma,与桂北、赣东北基性岩墙具有相似的形成时代(约830～825Ma),组成了扬子陆块南缘新元古代呈带状断续分布的基性岩墙群。隘口地区的基性-超基性岩墙化学成分上属于碱性系列,超基性岩具有比基性岩明显高的MgO、Cr和Ni含量,所有样品都展示出相似的稀土和微量元素配分模式,部分样品具有轻微的Nb的负异常和明显的P、Ti的负异常,表明岩浆在演化的过程中遭受过不同程度的地壳的混染。该区基性-超基性样品具有明显高的相似于软流圈地幔的εNd(t)值,则暗示其母岩浆来源于长期亏损的软流圈地幔。结合其微量元素及其对应的比值和εNd(t)值与板内裂谷碱性玄武岩和洋岛玄武岩非常相似的特征,以及扬子周缘大规模相同时代岩浆作用的特点,我们认为这些新元古代火成岩是地幔柱有关的裂谷岩浆作用的产物,地幔柱或超级地幔柱的作用导致了Rodinia超大陆最终的裂解。 相似文献
2.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(17):2100-2117
ABSTRACTThe Tarim Craton provides a geologic record of both the fragmentation of the Rodinian supercontinent and the subsequent assembly of Gondwana. However, the timing and interactions of these radically different tectonic processes remain contested. A critical part of this debate revolves around the Late Cryogenian-Ediacaran igneous rocks along the Craton’s northern margin, specifically, whether they record super-plume related Rodinian breakup or Gondwanan orogeny. To address this issue, we present zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic data and whole rock geochemistry from Late Cryogenian to Early Ediacaran granitoids of the northern Tarim Craton. U-Pb zircon ages reveal three magmatic periods along the northern Tarim margin: ca. 660–640 Ma, 635–625 Ma and 620–600 Ma, associated with small scale felsic and mafic magmas. These granitoids have an A2-type affinity and are enriched in alkalines, but are depleted in Nb, Ta, Sr, P and Ti. Elemental data and generally negative εHf(t) values (?13.96 to 1.65) suggest that they were mainly derived from partial melting of enriched, subduction-modified lithospheric mantle triggered by upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle along the active continental margin of northern Tarim. We suggest that the Tarim Craton travelled as an isolated plate for much of the Late Neoproterozoic, near the outer part of Rodinia and subsequently Gondwana. During this time it was affected by localized and periodic subduction-related intrusion and eruption. However, within the samples of this study, there is no U-Pb-Hf isotopic and whole-rock geochemical evidence to support either super-plume-related rifting (i.e. Rodinian breakup) or Pan-African orogeny (i.e. Gondwanan assembly). 相似文献
3.
The presence and/or generation mechanism of a mantle plume associated with early Permian rifting on the northern margin of Gondwana are topics of debate. Here we report LA–ICP–MS U–Pb zircon ages, whole-rock geochemistry, and Sr–Nd isotope data for high-Ti mafic dykes from southern Qiangtang, Tibet, with the aim of assessing if a mantle plume formed in this region during the early Permian. Zircon U–Pb dating of diabase dykes yielded ages of 290.6 ± 3.5 Ma and 290.1 ± 1.5 Ma, indicating they were emplaced during the early Permian. Whole-rock geochemistry shows that these mafic dykes are alkaline (Nb/Y = 0.73–0.99), have high TiO2 (3.6%–4.8%), and have ocean-island basalt (OIB)-like trace element patterns with enrichments in Nb, Ta, and Ti. Whole-rock Sr–Nd isotope data show a relatively narrow range of εNd(t) (+ 2.29 to + 3.53), similar to basalts produced by a mantle plume (e.g., Emeishan continental flood basalts (ECFB)). Elemental and isotope data suggest that the dykes have undergone fractionation crystallization of mafic minerals and have experienced negligible crustal contamination. These mafic rocks show an affinity to OIB and may have been generated by partial melting of an OIB-type, garnet-bearing asthenospheric mantle source. On the basis of a similar emplacement age to the Panjal Traps basalts in the Himalayas, combined with a tectonic reconstruction of Gondwana in the early to middle Permian, our work suggests that the high-Ti mafic dykes in the Southern Qiangtang terrane and the coeval Panjal Traps basalts in the Himalayas together comprise a ca. 290 Ma large igneous province linked to a mantle plume, which probably played an active role in early Permian rifting on the northern margin of Gondwana and was related to circum-Pangea subduction. 相似文献
4.
西大别地区定远组由浅变质的酸性火山岩(流纹岩和流纹质凝灰岩)和基性火山岩组成,二者在空间上互层产出,具典型的双峰式火山岩系组合特征,为认识南秦岭-大别造山带及扬子陆块北缘前寒武纪物质组成和地质演化提供了极佳的研究对象.通过对2件变流纹岩、1件变流纹质晶屑凝灰岩和1件变基性火山岩样品进行LA-ICP-MS锆石原位U-Pb测年,获得其成岩年龄分别为737±5Ma、740±3Ma、740±5Ma和739±6Ma.结果表明,定远组双峰式火山岩系形成时代并非前人认识的古生代,而是新元古代约740Ma.定远组与红安岩群双峰式火山建造形成时间基本一致,指示了西大别地区新元古代一次重要的拉张构造-岩浆事件,可能形成于大陆边缘裂谷环境.扬子陆块北缘武当-随枣-大别地区新元古代800～720Ma岩浆活动广泛且强烈,其峰期为755～730Ma,可能是对Rodinia超大陆裂解事件的响应. 相似文献
5.
安徽的地壳演化:Sr,Nd同位素证据 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
在地壳(幔)演化和板块构遣的框架内，评述了有关安徽南部(扬子地块东部，包括大别遣山带和江南遣山带)的同位素地质年代学和Nd，Sr同位素地球化学示踪研究的成果。该地区出露地表的中元古界溪口群浅变质岩代表皖南的基底，沿江地区和大别山区的基底包舍太古宇或／和古元古界古老岩石。此格局还影响到从震旦纪到古生代沉积岩的物源区，江南深断裂以北的沉积岩中有古老岩石的贡献，而以南的物源主要来自出露的中元古界岩石。扬子陆块南北缘(大别和江南遣山带)的晋宁期演化可能与罗迪尼亚超大陆演化有密切关系，但有关研究开展很少。三叠纪大陆深俯冲和超高压变质作用研究已成为国际地球科学的热点。晚中生代(120-140Ma)本区发生强烈的岩浆活动，并伴有重要矿床的形成。中酸性岩的形成是一种壳幔物质混合的过程。沿江地区陆下地幔具有富集特征，为扬子型岩石圈地幔与软流圈地幔混合的产物。从晚中生代到第四纪，基性岩指示其源区的地球化学性质有随时间变得越来越亏损的趋势。 相似文献
6.
报道了塔里木库鲁克塔格地区新元古代晚期花岗闪长岩和钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成。花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为630.1±1.3Ma,钾长花岗岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为630.6±1.3Ma。Hf同位素组成表明,这2种岩石主要来自古老(中)基性地壳的重熔,可能有部分地幔物质的加入。结合已有的研究表明,650~615Ma期间的岩浆活动代表了塔里木地块新元古代最晚期的岩浆活动,是Rodinia超大陆解体过程中的产物,与泛非造山事件无关。塔里木地块自新元古代中期到早寒武世,持续接受了被动大陆边缘沉积,表明在这一时期塔里木为冈瓦那大陆之外独立的大陆块体,或是位于冈瓦那大陆最边缘的稳定大陆块体。 相似文献
7.
川西新元古代玄武质岩浆岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、元素和Nd同位素研究:岩石成因与地球动力学意义 总被引：59，自引：1，他引：59
扬子块体西缘新元古代岩浆活动非常强烈 ,其成因对研究Rodinia超级大陆的演化有重要意义。目前对这些岩浆岩的成因和形成的构造背景存在地幔柱和岛弧两种截然不同的观点。文中对康定地区的冷碛辉长岩进行了SHRIMP锆石UPb、元素和Nd同位素研究 ,结果表明辉长岩结晶年龄为 (80 8± 12 )Ma ,与康定花岗质杂岩在时空上密切共生。虽然辉长岩浆在上升过程中受到富集岩石圈地幔和 /或基性下地壳物质的混染 ,但其元素和Nd同位素特征总体上与苏雄碱性玄武岩 (典型的板内型玄武岩 )相似 ,形成于板内裂谷环境。与玄武质岩石相反 ,扬子西缘新元古代花岗质岩石地球化学特征没有明确的构造岩石组合关系。目前的研究资料表明扬子块体西北缘在约 95 0～ 90 0Ma期间可能存在一个近东西向的俯冲带和火山弧 ,但在 86 0～ 75 0Ma期间不存在火山弧 ,这个时期的大规模岩浆活动很可能与Rodinia超级大陆下的一个超级地幔柱活动有关。 相似文献
8.
中天山地块南缘两类混合岩的成因及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
中天山地块是位于中亚造山带西南缘的西天山造山带的重要组成块体,其基底演化和构造亲缘性对恢复西天山的增生造山方式和大地构造格局具有重要意义。混合岩在中天山地块的高级变质地体中广泛分布,是揭示中天山地块基底演化和构造属性的窗口。本文通过开展锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素及岩石地球化学研究,确定了中天山地块南缘乌瓦门杂岩的两类条带状混合岩的原岩性质和形成时代以及混合岩化作用时代和成因机制。第一类条带状混合岩的原岩为中基性岩屑砂岩,混合岩化时代为～1. 8Ga,是在同期角闪岩相变质过程中通过变质分异形成的。第二类条带状混合岩的古成体包括黑云角闪斜长片麻岩和黑云斜长角闪片麻岩,原岩均形成于～2. 5Ga,并叠加～1. 8Ga角闪岩相变质作用,是洋陆俯冲背景下由俯冲洋壳或岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成。侵入古成体的变基性岩墙形成于～1. 72Ga,具有Fe-Ti玄武岩的地球化学特征,起源于后碰撞伸展背景下的软流圈地幔。该类混合岩的浅色体同时穿插古成体和变基性岩墙,呈现突变的野外接触关系,与区域内约787～785Ma混合岩化同期,即混合岩化作用是外来岩浆注入的结果,可能是造山带垮塌引发地壳深熔作用的产物。乌瓦门杂岩记录的～2. 5Ga岩浆活动、～1. 8Ga变质作用和～790Ma混合岩化作用可以和塔里木北缘进行对比,暗示中天山地块是一个具有确切新太古代-古元古代结晶基底的微陆块,并且和塔里木克拉通存在构造亲缘性。 相似文献
9.
西藏南部绒布地区基性岩脉岩石地球化学、年代学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
绒布地区位于西藏南部特提斯喜马拉雅构造域中段北缘,夹持于北侧邛多江断裂和南侧的绒布-古堆断裂之间。该地区发育大量的基性岩脉。通过岩石学、年代学及岩石地球化学等方面的研究,认为区内出露的基性岩脉类型为辉绿玢岩、辉长辉绿岩及辉长岩等。辉绿玢岩结晶年龄为137. 3±1. 6Ma,具有E-MORB的特征,未遭受岩石圈地幔或地壳混染,主要形成于大洋板内环境,受洋中脊源区的影响明显。辉长辉绿岩、辉长岩结晶年龄为147. 3±3. 6Ma,与时代接近的拉康组、桑秀组基性火山岩具有相同OIB的地球化学特征,带有岩石圈地幔物质混染的痕迹,形成于强烈拉伸的大陆边缘裂谷环境。晚侏罗世-早白垩世特提斯喜马拉雅被动陆缘处于强烈拉伸、岩石圈减薄的构造背景之下,OIB型辉长辉绿岩及辉长岩与措美大火成岩省诸多OIB型基性岩具有相似岩石成因,是大陆裂谷背景下Kerguelen地幔柱与岩石圈地幔相互作用的产物;而E-MORB型辉绿玢岩则可能是靠近大陆边缘的热点以下地幔柱与软流圈地幔相互作用的产生的岩浆沿区域深大断裂运移至大陆边缘侵位的结果。OIB型辉长辉绿岩、辉长岩的结晶年龄明显早于Kerguelen地幔柱活动的峰期(132Ma),可能是地幔柱早期活动的产物; E-MORB型辉绿玢岩的存在可作为目前对于措美大火成岩省基性岩脉类型的补充,对认识措美大火成岩省具有一定的意义。 相似文献
10.
华南板块发育有巨量新元古代岩浆岩,因而是研究罗迪尼亚（Rodinia）超大陆演化期间华南板块地幔属性、地壳演化和壳幔相互作用最理想的场所。虽然在扬子西缘新元古代镁铁质和酸性岩浆作用方面已有大量的研究,但是在系统研究中酸性花岗岩类所代表的不同深部动力学意义的方面还较为薄弱。文章基于团队近期对于扬子板块西缘新元古代典型花岗岩类的研究成果,系统揭示不同深度层次的岩浆作用。最新研究支持扬子西缘新元古代受控于俯冲构造背景,除发生俯冲流体和板片熔体交代地幔作用外,最新识别的ca.850~835 Ma高Mg#闪长岩指示俯冲沉积物熔体也参与了地幔交代作用。Ca.840~835 Ma过铝质花岗岩的发现说明扬子西缘新元古代时期不仅存在新生镁铁质下地壳的熔融,也发生了俯冲背景下成熟大陆地壳物质的重熔。Ca.780 Ma Ⅰ型花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合揭示了俯冲阶段后期板片回撤断离后软流圈地幔瞬时上涌引发的不同地壳层次的岩浆响应。从ca.800 Ma的增厚下地壳来源的埃达克质花岗岩到ca.750 Ma的酸性地壳来源的A型花岗岩的出现,表明扬子西缘新元古代时期经历了俯冲有关的地壳增厚到俯冲后期弧后扩张背景下的区域性地壳减薄。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Wilson Aryeh E. Shimron Jeffrey M. Rosenbaum Jeremy Preston 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2000,139(1):54-67
Early Cretaceous (146–115 Ma) magmatism in the region of Mt. Hermon, Northern Israel, is part of an extensive Mesozoic igneous
province within the Levant associated with the evolution of the Neotethyan passive margin of Gondwana. The initial stages
of activity were characterised by the emplacement of tholeiitic dykes (146–140 Ma) which were uplifted and eroded prior to
the eruption of a sequence of alkali basalts, basanites and more differentiated alkaline lavas and pyroclastics from 127 to
120 Ma. The latest stages of activity (120–115 Ma) were highly explosive, resulting in the emplacement of diatreme breccias.
Trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data for the most primitive Early Cretaceous mafic igneous rocks sampled suggest that they
were derived by mixing of melts derived by variable degrees of partial melting of both garnet- and spinel-peridotite-facies
mantle sources. Though isotopically heterogeneous, the source of the magmas has many similarities to that of HIMU oceanic
island basalts. Earlier Liassic (200 Ma) transitional basalts and Neogene–Quaternary (15–0 Ma) alkali basalts erupted within
northern Israel also have HIMU affinities. The petrogenesis of the Early Cretaceous and Cenozoic basalts is explained by partial
melting of a lithospheric mantle protolith metasomatically enriched during the Liassic volcanic phase, which may be plume-related.
Received: 23 July 1998 / Accepted: 6 December 1999 相似文献
12.
Early–Middle Jurassic igneous rocks (190–170 Ma) are distributed in an E–W-trending band within the Nanling Tectonic Belt, and have a wide range of compositions but are only present in limited volumes. This scenario contrasts with the uniform but voluminous Middle–Late Jurassic igneous rocks (165–150 Ma) in this area. The Early–Middle Jurassic rocks include oceanic-island basalt (OIB)-type alkali basalts, tholeiitic basalts and gabbros, bimodal volcanic rocks, syenites, A-type granites, and high-K calc–alkaline granodiorites. Geochemical and isotopic data indicate that alkaline and tholeiitic basalts and syenites were derived from melting of the asthenospheric mantle, with asthenosphere-derived magmas mixing with variable amounts of magmas derived from melting of metasomatized lithospheric mantle. In comparison, A-type granites in the study area were probably generated by shallow dehydration-related melting of hornblende-bearing continental crustal rocks that were heated by contemporaneous intrusion of mantle-derived basaltic magmas, and high-K calc-alkaline granodiorites resulted from the interaction between melts from upwelling asthenospheric mantle and the lower crust. The Early–Middle Jurassic magmatic event is spatially variable in terms of lithology, geochemistry, and isotopic systematics. This indicates that the deep mantle sources of the magmas that formed these igneous rocks were significantly heterogeneous, and magmatism had a gradual decrease in the involvement of the asthenospheric mantle from west to east. These variations in composition and sourcing of magmas, in addition to the spatial distribution and the thermal structure of the crust–mantle boundary during this magmatic event, indicates that these igneous rocks formed during a period of rifting after the Indosinian Orogeny rather than during subduction of the paleo-Pacific oceanic crust. 相似文献
13.
塔里木和中亚造山带西段二叠纪大火成岩省的两类地幔源区 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
对塔里木和中亚造山带西段二叠纪玄武质岩石地质、年龄、元素地球化学、同位素组成的系统总结表明,二叠纪火成岩在分布面积、岩石类型(以玄武岩占绝对优势)、活动时间(以275Ma左右为峰期)等方面均与世界典型的大火成岩省一致,将其命名为巴楚大火成岩省(Bachu LIP)。元素和同位素地球化学特征表明,塔里木玄武岩来自长期富集的岩石圈地幔,来源深度为60～80km。塔里木基性岩墙和超镁铁-镁铁杂岩的原始岩浆可能来自软流圈地幔(OIB)部分熔融。中亚造山带西段的玄武岩、基性岩墙和超镁铁-镁铁杂岩主要来自被俯冲带熔体交代的强烈亏损的岩石圈地幔,其中部分地区可能有软流圈物质的加入,如东天山和阿勒泰南缘高Ti系列的玄武质岩石。根据元素和同位素地球化学资料,将巴楚大火成岩省分为2个地幔省(mantledomain),即塔里木省和中亚省。这2个不同地幔省的成矿系列也有显著的差异,塔里木省为钒-钛磁铁矿矿床,而中亚则以铜-镍-(铂族金属)硫化物矿床为主,成矿作用的差异和岩浆地幔源区的差异是完全对应的。综合地质、地球化学和成矿作用,认为巴楚大火成岩省的形成和二叠纪地幔柱密切相关。 相似文献
14.
塔里木和中亚造山带西段二叠纪大火成岩省的两类地幔源区 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对塔里木和中亚造山带西段二叠纪玄武质岩石地质、年龄、元素地球化学、同位素组成的系统总结表明,二叠纪火成岩在分布面积、岩石类型(以玄武岩占绝对优势)、活动时间(以275Ma左右为峰期)等方面均与世界典型的大火成岩省一致,将其命名为巴楚大火成岩省(Bachu LIP)。元素和同位素地球化学特征表明,塔里木玄武岩来自长期富集的岩石圈地幔,来源深度为60~80km。塔里木基性岩墙和超镁铁-镁铁杂岩的原始岩浆可能来自软流圈地幔(OIB)部分熔融。中亚造山带西段的玄武岩、基性岩墙和超镁铁-镁铁杂岩主要来自被俯冲带熔体交代的强烈亏损的岩石圈地幔,其中部分地区可能有软流圈物质的加入,如东天山和阿勒泰南缘高Ti系列的玄武质岩石。根据元素和同位素地球化学资料,将巴楚大火成岩省分为2个地幔省(mantle domain),即塔里木省和中亚省。这2个不同地幔省的成矿系列也有显著的差异,塔里木省为钒-钛磁铁矿矿床,而中亚则以铜-镍-(铂族金属)硫化物矿床为主,成矿作用的差异和岩浆地幔源区的差异是完全对应的。综合地质、地球化学和成矿作用,认为巴楚大火成岩省的形成和二叠纪地幔柱密切相关。 相似文献
15.
俯冲到地幔深度的地壳物质不可避免地在板片-地幔界面与地幔楔发生相互作用,由此形成的超镁铁质交代岩就是造山带镁铁质火成岩的地幔源区.因此,造山带镁铁质火成岩为研究俯冲地壳物质再循环和壳-幔相互作用提供了重要研究对象.为了揭示俯冲陆壳物质再循环的机制和过程,对大别造山带碰撞后安山质火山岩开展了元素和同位素地球化学研究.这些安山质火山岩的SIMS锆石U-Pb年龄为124±3~130±2 Ma,表明其形成于早白垩世.此外,残留锆石的U-Pb年龄为中新元古代和三叠纪,分别对应于大别-苏鲁造山带超高压变火成岩的原岩年龄和变质年龄.它们具有岛弧型微量元素特征、富集的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,以及变化的且大多不同于正常地幔的锆石δ18O值.这些元素和同位素特征指示,这些安山质火山岩是交代富集的造山带岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物.在三叠纪华南陆块俯冲于华北陆块之下的过程中,俯冲华南陆壳来源的长英质熔体交代了上覆华北岩石圈地幔楔橄榄岩,大陆俯冲隧道内的熔体-橄榄岩反应产生了富沃、富集的镁铁质地幔交代岩.这种地幔交代岩在早白垩世发生部分熔融,就形成了所观察到的安山质火山岩.因此,碰撞造山带镁铁质岩浆岩的地幔源区是通过大陆俯冲隧道内板片-地幔相互作用形成的,而加入地幔楔中长英质熔体的比例决定了这些镁铁质岩浆岩的岩石化学和地球化学成分. 相似文献
16.
Ordovician igneous rocks in the western Acatlán Complex (Olinalá area) of southern Mexico include a bimodal igneous suite that intrudes quartzites and gneisses of the Zacango Unit, and all these rocks were polydeformed and metamorphosed in the amphibolite facies during the Devono-Carboniferous. The Ordovician igneous rocks consist of the penecontemporaneous amphibolites, megacrystic granitoids and leucogranite, the latter dated at ca. 464 Ma. Geochemical and Sm–Nd data indicate that the amphibolites have a differentiated tholeiitic signature, and that its mafic protoliths formed in an extensional setting transitional between within-plate and ocean floor. The amphibolites are variably contaminated by a Mesoproterozoic crustal source, inferred to be the Oaxacan basement exposed in the adjacent terrane. The most primitive samples have εNdt (t = 465 Ma) values significantly below that of the contemporary depleted mantle and were probably derived from the sub-continental lithospheric mantle. The megacrystic granites were most probably derived by partial melting of an arc crustal source (similar to the Oaxacan Complex) and triggered by the ascent of mafic magma from the lithospheric mantle. Sm–Nd isotopic signatures suggest that metasedimentary rocks from Zacango Unit were derived from adjacent Oaxacan Complex. Trace elements relationships (e.g. La/Th vs. Hf) and REE patterns suggest provenance in felsic-intermediate igneous rocks with a calc-alkaline signature. The Ordovician bimodal magmatism is inferred to have resulted from rifting on the southern flank of the Rheic Ocean and is an expression of a major rifting event that occurred along much of the northern Gondwanan margin in the Ordovician. 相似文献
17.
R. Offler H. Zwingmann J. Foden F. L. Sutherland I. T. Graham 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(8):1129-1144
AbstractDykes are common in the wave-cut platforms along the coast from Newcastle to Sydney. According to some authors, they may be related to the opening of the Tasman Sea that commenced ca 84?Ma ago. However, there are few detailed radiogenic dating and geochemical studies to evaluate this. We attempt to resolve this by K–Ar dating of plagioclase in and geochemical studies of, basaltic dykes intruding Permo-Triassic sequences on the wave-cut platforms and Carboniferous and Permo-Triassic sequences inland. The plagioclase separated from the dykes give K–Ar ages ranging from 266 to 53?Ma with the majority older than 84?Ma indicating that most dykes were emplaced before the Tasman Seafloor formation. The dykes are generally mildly alkaline, high-Ti basalts; fewer are tholeiitic and calc-alkaline, low-Ti basalts. Strongly light rare earth element (LREE)-enriched patterns typify the former and flat, LREE-depleted or slightly to moderately enriched LREE patterns, the latter. High-Ti basalts have ocean-island-basalt-like and low-Ti basalts, calc-alkaline or mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-like patterns. Most high-Ti and some low-Ti basalts show plume-like characteristics, others N-type MORB and arc-like characteristics. Dykes intruding the Carboniferous sequences show a distinct contamination signature that could be crustal or due to subduction-related metasomatism of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle. The sources of the basaltic magmas vary substantially and in places changes with time. All alkali basalts are derived from enriched asthenospheric sources at varying depths (90–147?km) and most tholeiitic, low-Ti basalts have been extracted from asthenospheric and depleted asthenospheric–lithospheric sources indicating substantial compositional heterogeneity of the mantle. Further, Nd model ages varying from Neoproterozoic (940–580?Ma) to Paleozoic (460–370?Ma) suggest variation in the age of mantle sources for the basalts. 相似文献
18.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):435-451
Cenozoic basaltic volcanism in southeastern China was related to the lithospheric extension and asthenospheric upwelling at the eastern Eurasian continental margin. The cenozoic basaltic rocks from this region can be grouped into three different series: tholeiitic basalts, alkali basalts, and picritic-nephelinitic basalts. Each basalt series has distinctive geochemical features and is not derived from a common source rock by different degrees of partial melting or from a common parental magma by fractional crystallization. The mineralogy, petrography, and major and trace-element geochemistry of the tholeiites are similar to oceanic island basalts, implying that the mantle source for these Chinese continental tholeiites was similar to that of the oceanic island basalts—an asthenospheric mantle. The alkali basalts and picritic-nephelinitic basalts are enriched in incompatible trace elements, and their geochemical features can be interpreted as a result of partial melting of an enriched lithospheric mantle, or the mixing products of an asthenospheric magma with a component derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle through thermal erosion at the base of the lithosphere. But the lack of a transitional rock type and continuous variational trends among these basalts suggests that the mixing between asthenospheric magmas and lithospheric magmas probably was not significant in the petrogenesis of the basalts from SE China. Low-degree partial melting of enriched lithospheric mantle alone can account for the observed geochemical data from these basalts. 相似文献
19.
QIN Xiaofeng WANG Zongqi ZHANG Yingli PAN Luozhong HU Guiang ZHOU Fusheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(5):1182-1199
The Napo-Qinzhou Tectonic Belt (NQTB) lies at the junction of the Yangtze, Cathaysia and Indochina (North Vietnam) Blocks, which is composed of five major lithotectonic subunits: the Qinzhou-Fangcheng Suture Zone (QFSZ), the Shiwandashan Basin (SB), the Pingxiang-Nanning Suture Zone (PNSZ), the Damingshan Block (DB) and the Babu-Lingma Suture Zone (BLSZ). On the basis of geochemical compositions, the Permian mafic igneous rocks can be divided into three distinct groups: (1) mafic igneous rocks (Group 1) from the Longjing region in the PNSZ and Hurun region in the BLSZ, which are characterized by intermediate Ti, P and Zr with low Ni and Cr contents; (2) mafic igneous rocks (Group 2) from the Naxiao and Chongzuo region in the DB, characterized by low-intermediate Ti, P and Zr with high Ni and Cr concentrations; and (3) mafic igneous rocks (Group 3) from the Siming region in the Jingxi carbonate platform of the northwestern margin of the NQTB, with intermediate-high Ti, P and Zr and low Ni and Cr contents. The Group 1 rocks yield a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 250.5±2.8 Ma and are geochemically similar to basalts occurring in back-arc basin settings. The Group 2 rocks exhibit geochemical features to those basalts in island arcs, whereas the Group 3 rocks show geochemical similarity to that of ocean island basalts. All three groups are characterized by relatively low εNd(t) values (–2.61 to +1.10) and high initial 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios (0.705309–0.707434), indicating that they were derived from a subduction-modified lithospheric mantle and experienced assimilation, fractional crystallization, and crustal contamination or mixing during magmatic evolution. Accordingly, we propose the existence of an arc-back arc basin system that developed along the NQTB at the border of SW Guangxi Province (SW China) and northern Vietnam, and it was formed by continued northwestward subduction of the Cathaysian (or Yunkai) Block under the Yangtze Block, and northeastward subduction of the Indochina Block beneath the Yangtze Block during Permian time. 相似文献
20.
扬子地块西缘天全新元古代过铝质花岗岩类成因机制及其构造动力学背景 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
四川西部天全地区花岗岩属于扬子地块西缘岩浆岩带,是"康滇地轴"北段的重要组成部分。岩石形成年龄为851±15Ma(MSWD=0.7),属于新元古代花岗岩,与扬子地块西缘和北缘大量的中酸性侵入体和火山岩具有相近的形成年龄。火夹沟花岗闪长岩为过铝质、低Si O2、具有相对亏损的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学组成,结合岩石低的Al2O3/Ti O2和高的Ca O/Na2O比值,其应是在镁铁质岩浆底侵的条件下,成熟度较低的杂砂岩部分熔融形成的过铝质熔体,岩石较低的Si O2含量表明其同化了部分镁铁质熔体。而角脚坪花岗岩具有高的Si O2含量,为过铝质、富Na的熔体,而且具有极度亏损的Sr-Nd同位素组成,表明其应是亏损的玄武质岩石(洋壳或是与地幔柱有关的玄武岩)在H2O饱和条件下发生低程度部分熔融形成的过铝质熔体。结合扬子西缘其它新元古代火成岩的地球化学特征及区域构造资料,我们认为天全地区的Na质花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合代表在高地温梯度条件下,玄武质岩石在H2O饱和条件下发生部分熔融形成的过铝质花岗岩。 相似文献