共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
多年来，很多国内外学者对东中国海环流的机理进行了研究。近几年，奚盘根等(1980)和冯士筰等(1981)基于f-坐标系的风涡度一热盐梯度全流方程分别数值地模拟了冬、夏季东中国海环流。他们指出，控制东中国海环流主要因子是边界力(黑潮)、热盐力和底形分布。袁耀初等(1982)也数值地模拟了东中国海环流结构， 相似文献
2.
多年来,很多国内外学者对东中国海环流的机理进行了研究。近几年,奚盘根等(1980)和冯士筰等(1981)基于f-坐标系的风涡度—热盐梯度全流方程分别数值地模拟了冬、夏季东中国海环流。他们指出,控制东中国海环流主要因子是边界 相似文献
3.
东中国海由渤、黄、东海三部分组成，为典型的陆架边缘海。对这一海域环流的认识，过去多依赖于温盐资料分析和有限的测流数据。近年来随着计算机技术的迅猛发展，数值模拟已成为研究环流的结构、起源和动力机制的重要手段。国内、外学者在这一领域进行了大量的工作，袁耀初等(1982)使用单层模型对东中国海风生-热盐环流进行诊断计算；王卫等(1987)使用一个正压模式计算了黄、东海黑潮流系和涡旋现象；袁耀初等(1987a，b，1989)采用诊断数值计算方法求解涡度方程，得出其所测海区的三维夏、冬季海流流场；袁耀初等(1990)采用一种预报模式研究东中国海的冬季环流；Chao(1991)用三维有限差分模式探讨了黑潮、季风及长江流量等因子对东中国海环流的影响；袁耀初(1993)针对东海东部的流动建立了一个三维预报模式；朱耀华等(1994)建立了一个三维正压模式研究了渤、黄、东海冬、夏季的环流情况；梁湘三等( Liang et al.，1994)用二层模式模拟了黑潮在台湾东北入侵陆架的现象；王凯于1998年在冯士筰提出的浅海Lagrange余流理论上建立了一种三维斜压陆架环流模式，对渤、黄、东海冬、夏季环流进行了诊断数值模拟；王辉(1996)基于一种三维斜压浅海Lagrange余流的弱非线性理论，模拟计算了南黄海和东海夏季三维Lagrange余流；朱建荣等(1998)建立了一个σ坐标系下三维非线性斜压陆架模式，对东中国海冬、夏季环流进行模拟计算，并数值实验了长江径流量、台湾暖流、黄海冷水团、风场等因素对长江冲淡水扩展的作用。以上这些工作对了解东中国海环流的结构、起源和动力机制都具有重要意义。但是这些工作由于当时计算机速度和容量的限制，其数值模式不够完普，有的使用了二维(单层)或诊断模式，有的网格较粗，多数未考虑实际的海岸线和海面热交换对温度场的影响等，从计算结果来看，没有一个模式能全面地模拟出发生在东中国海的环流现象。
本文作者试图采用Blumberg等(1983,1987)建立的σ坐标系下三维斜压预报模式，考虑了东海主要水道间的流量交换、长江径流、海面风应力、海面热通量等诸多因素的影响，对东中国海夏季的环流进行了数值模拟，结果较全面地模拟了东中国海的环流现象，为今后进一步开展此项工作提供科学依据。 相似文献
4.
5.
利用1958—2006年OAFlux热通量资料,分析了东中国海海域潜热通量的长期变化特征,并探讨了与局地和太平洋海域影响因素的关系。结果表明:近50 a东中国海潜热通量显著增加,沿黑潮主轴增幅最大。通过分析阿留申低压区(30°N～60°N,160°E～140°W)风场的变化,发现其风应力旋度与东中国海潜热通量变化的主要影响因素海气比湿差存在显著的正相关,表明可能是北太平洋风应力旋度的变化而不是东中国海域风场的变化导致了潜热的长期增加。超前和滞后相关分析表明,东中国潜热通量的变化比北太平洋风应力旋度的变化存在4 a左右的延迟,可能是副热带环流对风场变化调整所需的时间。 相似文献
6.
东中国海环流及其季节变化的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
关于东中国海环流的研究，国内外学者已做了大量的工作。早期科学家们主要依赖于对温盐资料和少数测流资料的分析研究对渤、黄、东海的环流结构有了较系统和深入的认识。东中国海环流是由一个气旋式的“流涡”组成，东侧主要是北上的黑潮-对马暖流-黄海暖流及其延伸部分；西侧为南下的沿岸流系。黑潮对东中国海环流的影响是如此之大，以致于除了某些局部区域外，上述海域主要流系的冬、夏季分布形式比较相似而无本质上的差异(胡敦欣等，1993)。但本文所研究海域正处于世界上最显著的季风区，冬、夏季盛行风向基本相反，过渡季节(春、秋季)风向多变，风力减弱；海洋热盐结构季节变化明显(如冬季混合强，而夏季层化明显等)，这些因素都使得东中国海环流存在着较明显的季节变化。
自20世纪80年代以来，东中国海环流的数值模拟工作逐步展开，并已成为研究环流结构及其形成机制的强有力工具。但由于数值模式本身以及计算方案的缺陷(如有些学者用固定的风场、温盐场对东中国海环流进行诊断模拟等)和观测资料的不足，数值模拟的结果难以得到验证，渤、黄、东海的环流研究中仍有大量的问题存在争议，以待澄清。例如，台湾暖流的来源、流径;对马暖流的来源;夏季黄海暖流的流径以及黄海冷水团环流等均有不同的论述。对黄、东海环流季节变化的数值模拟工作也较少，多用冬、夏典型月份的风场强迫积分至稳定态，给出冬、夏季环流，这种做法值得商榷。三维环流模式很难在1个月内达到稳定态，尤其是夏季层化明显、风力减弱的情况下，非常定风场的影响更应引起人们的重视。
本文采用比较符合实际的计算方案，用年循环风场和海面热通量场为外强迫，对渤、黄、东海的环流及其季节变化进行了模拟，并对一些争议问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
7.
以英国 OCCAM(The Ocean Circulation and Climate Advanced Modeling Project)全球环流模式的 1 994年计算结果作为初始场和边界条件 ,用 POM模式 ,对东中国海黑潮季节变化进行了数值模拟 ,特别注意了海水运动的混沌特点和质点移动轨迹。研究结果表明 :东海黑潮区地形引起的黑潮流剪切是导致混沌的主要原因 ;东海黑潮区混沌运动有明显的季节变化 ;黑潮主轴区基本是输运的屏障区。 相似文献
8.
南海环流动力机制研究综述 总被引：40，自引：9，他引：31
南海的环流复杂,但通过近20 a来的研究工作,国内外学者对此已取得了不少的成果.本文就南海环流框架性的问题,综述了有关的文献,认为对南海上层海洋三方面的环流分量的驱动机制已有了初步的认识.这三方面分别是:(1)准季节性风场;(2)黑潮向南海的净输运;(3)黑潮向南海的涡度平流输送.但是对这些驱动的时空变化仍相当不清楚.三者皆增强了南海北部的海盆尺度气旋式环流,其强化的西南向西边界流靠近东沙群岛,建议称为“东沙海流”.没有水文证据显示黑潮水是以分支形式进入南海,其向南海的输运也不可能主要通过中尺度涡过程,具体机制有待研究.每年在南海生成的中尺度涡平均约有10个,风场与沿岸地形所生成的强风应力旋度可能是其主要的驱动机制.作为框架性的认识,也有三方面的工作进行得较少,即:(1)吕宋海峡的上层水交换;(2)南海的中尺度涡生成机制,虽然强风应力旋度及前述的第三种环流驱动机制也有中尺度涡伴生;(3)自吕宋海峡进入的深层水对南海上层海洋环流的影响. 相似文献
9.
绪言 东中国海环流是控制本海区水文气象状况的最重要因子。但至今尚无完整的动力学理论分析,这是因为对产生该海区环流的主要因子了解不够,加之它岸形复杂,水深变化很大,难以用一个解析模式将全海区概括起来。目前在黑潮深水区进行了一些动力计算,得到较好的结果,但在近岸浅水区由于零面选取上的困难,动力计算方法无法使用。因此,利用数值模式来模拟全海区的环流成为研究东中国海环流的重要途径之 相似文献
10.
11.
The dynamics of the wind-driven circulations and surface transport processes in Suruga Bay have been examined by performing
numerical experiments. While strong winds exist outside the bay, the winds inside the bays are greatly reduced, which generates
a strong wind stress curl in winter and autumn. In particular, in winter, a strong positive curl region is located across
the bay mouth, and a strong surface circulation with counterclockwise rotation is generated beneath it. The circulation is
nearly geostrophic, but is not affected by the bottom topography in the deep bay. It is suggested that intense surface water
exchange through the bay mouth occurs in winter, whereas it is not active in the other seasons when no significant vorticity
is supplied on the bay mouth from the atmosphere. Moreover, we propose a hypothesis that the atmospheric wind stress curl
will cause the frequent appearance of the counterclockwise circulation in winter in the real ocean. 相似文献
12.
The surface circulation of northern South China Sea (hereafter SCS) for the period 1987–2005 was studied using the data of
more than 500 satellite-tracked drifters and wind data from QuikSCAT. The mean flow directions in the northern SCS except
the Luzon Strait (hereafter LS) during the periods October~March was southwestward, and April~September northeastward. A strong
northwestward intrusion of the Kuroshio through the LS appears during the October~March period of northeasterly wind, but
the intrusion became weak between April and September. When the strong intrusion occurred, the eddy kinetic energy (EKE) in
the LS was 388 cm2/s2 which was almost 2 times higher than that during the weak-intrusion season. The volume transport of the Kuroshio in the east
of the Philippines shows an inverse relationship to that of the LS. There is a six-month phase shift between the two seasonal
phenomena. The volume transport in the east of the Philippines shows its peak sis-month earlier faster than that of the LS.
The strong Kuroshio intrusion is found to be also related to the seasonal variation of the wind stress curl generated by the
northeasterly wind. The negative wind stress curl in the northern part of LS induces an anticyclonic flow, while the positive
wind stress curl in the southern part of LS induces a cyclonic flow. The northwestward Kuroshio intrusion in the northern
part of LS happened with larger negative wind stress curl, while the westward intrusion along 20.5°N in the center of the
LS occurred with weaker negative wind stress curl. 相似文献
13.
琼东上升流的年际变化及长期变化趋势 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
全球变暖背景下沿岸上升流的年际变化是近年来的研究热点。本文基于1982—2012年的海表面温度和风场资料,分析了琼东上升流的强度和中心位置的年际变化规律以及沿岸风应力及其旋度的作用。结果显示,近30年来,琼东上升流强度总体减弱,相比于沿岸风应力,其变化与减弱的局地风应力旋度相关性更高;琼东上升流强中心位置最大概率发生在19.2°—19.3°N,与最大风应力旋度位置接近,且存在北移趋势。琼东上升流强度和位置的年际变化还存在周期约3年、5年和10年的本征模态,以3年周期变化为主。局地风应力旋度在琼东上升流的年际变化中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
14.
利用正压涡度方程，研究了缓变风场驱动下水平尺度1000km平底方形海盆中海洋环流的响应。结果表明，缓变风场驱动下海洋环流的响应是多涡型的，线性情形下多涡结构表现为共振受迫Rossby波；非线性情形下受迫Rossby波被扭曲，多涡结构是由受迫Rossby波和次海盆尺度的惯性再循环共同构成。无论是稳定风场还是缓变风场，非线性作用越强，环流越趋于不稳定；非线性作用强且水平耗散作用弱时，非线性不稳定过程可能完全掩盖了变化的风旋度向海盆涡度输人的影响，此时风的变化对环流型式不再重要。 相似文献
15.
Yoshihiko Sekine 《Progress in Oceanography》1986,17(3-4)
Seasonal variation in the wind-driven circulation in the Japan Sea is studied with reference to the branching of the Tsushima Current using a two-layer model with simplified bottom and coastal topography. The system is driven by wind stress, an inflow corresponding to the Tsushima Current and by the two outflows corresponding to the Tsugaru and Soya Currents.In the first phase, an annual mean wind stress is imposed and a quasi-stationary state is obtained. In the next phase, a seasonally varying wind stress is imposed. Seasonal variation in the wind stress plays an important role in the branching system of the Tsushima Current. In winter, an intensified western boundary current with a prominent inner circulation is formed as a result of a strong wind stress of winter monsoon with negative wind stress curl. In spring to summer, the western boundary current is weak, but the topographic branch along the Japanese coast is intensified. The weak western boundary current is caused by weak wind stress with positive wind stress curl, which induces cyclonic Sverdrup flow in the Japan Sea and causes its western boundary current to flow in the opposite direction to the prescribed northward boundary inflow current. The topographic branch is strongest in late spring and moves offshore in summer, in agreement with the central branch denoted by Kawabe (1982b). Some of the observational features of the Tsushima Current are successfully simulated. 相似文献
16.
Upper Ocean Sensitivity to Wind Forcing in the South China Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
E. Joseph Metzger 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(6):783-798
The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) has been used to investigate the sensitivity of the upper South
China Sea (SCS) circulation to various atmospheric wind forcing products. A 1/16° 6-layer, thermodynamic Pacific Ocean north
of 20°S version of NLOM has been integrated using observed climatological monthly mean winds (Hellerman and Rosenstein, 1983)
and climatologies based on two atmospheric prediction models: the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)
and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). ECMWF products include the 10 meter winds (at both 1.125° and
2.5° resolution) and surface stresses (1.125°). The NCEP forcing (1.875°) is a surface stress product. Significant differences
exist in the wind stress curl patterns and this is reflected in the upper ocean model response, which is compared to observational
data. The model experiments suggest the generation of the West Luzon Eddy is controlled by positive wind stress curl. The
degree of Kuroshio intrusion into the SCS, however, is not affected by wind stress curl but is governed by the coastline geometry
of the island chain within Luzon Strait. The summertime offshore flow from the Vietnamese coast is present in all simulations
but the dipole structure on either side of the jet is variable, even among experiments with similar wind stress curl patterns.
The ECMWF surface stresses exhibit spurious coastal wind stress curl patterns, especially in locations with significant orographic
features. This manifests itself in unrealistic small scale coastal gyres in NLOM. High resolution basin-scale and coastal
models might be adversely affected by these stresses.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Modeling of the wind-driven circulation in the Japan Sea using a reduced gravity model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The surface circulation in the Japan Sea is investigated using a 1.5 layer reduced gravity model. Historical observations suggest strongly that an anti-clockwise circulation is dominant in the subpolar region north of the Polar Front as a general feature. This anti-clockwise circulation as well as the branching of the Tsushima Warm Current was simulated well by incorporating the Naet al. (1992)'s wind stress. The positive curl of the wind stress in the northern and the northwestern Japan Sea was found to play an important role in the formation of the subpolar gyre and the separation of the western boundary current (the East Korean Warm Current) in the Japan Sea. 相似文献
18.
利用调查数据及遥感数据揭示了2013年南沙群岛海域温跃层的季节变化特征,温跃层上界深度平均值春、夏、冬季基本一致,介于45~47 m之间,秋季最大,达60 m;温跃层厚度平均值夏、秋、冬季基本一致,介于85~87 m之间,春季相对较小,为78 m。温跃层强度平均值春、夏、秋、冬季几乎一致,介于0.13~0.15℃/m之间。调查海域温跃层上界深度季节变化的形成机理为:春季西深东浅的原因是西部受净热通量较小、大风速、负的风应力旋度以及中南半岛东部外海的中尺度暖涡和反气旋环流共同作用,东部近岸海域净热通量高值、风速相对较小及风应力旋度引起的Ekman抽吸效应共同控制;夏季深度分布较均匀的原因是10°N以北风致涡动混合强但受Ekman抽吸影响,10°N以南风致涡动混合弱但风应力旋度为负值;秋季深度较其他季节平均加深15 m的原因是南沙群岛海域被暖涡占据,暖涡引起的反气旋式环流使得温跃层上界深度被海水辐聚下压;冬季正的风应力旋度产生的Ekman抽吸和冷涡引起的气旋式环流共同作用,使得温跃层上界深度较秋季平均抬升15 m。 相似文献
19.
On the general ocean circulation forced by the asymmetric wind stress curl, the role of the eddies which are detached from the western boundary current is studied using an eddy-resolving two-layered quasi-geostrophic numerical model with free-slip boundary condition. An ideal sinusoidal function is used as the wind stress curl, and amplitude is assumed to be larger over the southern basin than over the northern one. In contrast with the antisymmetric wind forcing, in the asymmetric wind stress case, the subtropical western boundary current overshoots to the north from the zero wind stress curl line. As the asymmetricity of the wind forcing becomes larger, the separation point of the time mean field is located further north. The eddies generated in the region of the subtropical recirculation are advected northward by the western boundary current and they are detached from subtropical gyre. The release of these eddies to the north basin leads to weaken the subtropical recirculation system. From the analysis of the potential vorticity budgets, in the asymmetric case, it is shown that detached eddies play an important role in transporting the negative vorticity which is excessively inputted into the southern basin, to the northern basin, in addition to the terms which transport vorticity in the antisymmetric case, i.e., the vorticity transport by the meander of the jet. Under the free-slip boundary, more than a quarter of that excess vorticity is transported by those detached eddies in some cases. 相似文献
20.
A three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate sea level and velocity variations in the South China Sea for 1992–1995. The model is driven by daily wind and daily sea surface temperature fields derived from the NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. The four-year model outputs are analyzed using time-domain Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF). Spatial and temporal variations of the first two modes from the simulation compare favorably with those derived from satellite altimetry. Mode 1, which is associated with a southern gyre, shows symmetric seasonal reversal. Mode 2, which contributes to a northern gyre, is responsible for the asymmetric seasonal and interannual variations. In winter, the southern and northern cyclonic gyres combine into a strong basin-wide cyclonic gyre. In summer, a cyclonic northern gyre and an anticyclonic southern gyre form a dipole with a jet leaving the coast of Vietnam. Interannual variations are particularly noticeable during El Niño. The winter gyre is generally weakened and confined to the southern basin, and the summer dipole structure does not form. Vertical motions weaken accordingly with the basin-wide circulation. Variations of the wind stress curl in the first two EOF modes coincide with those of the model-derived sea level and horizontal velocities. The mode 1 wind stress curl, significant in the southern basin, coincides with the reversal of the southern gyre. The mode 2 curl, large in the central basin, is responsible for the asymmetry in the winter and summer gyres. Lack of the mode 2 contribution during El Niño events weakens the circulation. The agreement indicates that changes in the wind stress curl contribute to the seasonal and interannual variations in the South China Sea. 相似文献