共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 146 毫秒
1.
黔西南某冰洲石矿床矿体形态，矿石的矿物成分和结构构造均简单，但含晶矿物晶体巨大光学级冰洲石赋存于晶洞和巨晶体中。由于冰洲石物理性质的特殊性，因而开发利用时必须选择适宜的采，选方法，才能使矿物资源得到合理利用。 相似文献
2.
贵州麻山冰洲石矿床成因的初步研究＊金志升朱成明刘钧蔡恩照（中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵州５５０００２）关键词方解石冰洲石成因晶体生长贵州省望谟县麻山地区分布有大小不等的方解石、冰洲石矿点数十处，是我国较重要的冰洲石产地之一。曹俊臣［１］曾对该地区冰洲... 相似文献
3.
开发甘肃黄渚关冰洲石矿资源的建议王长宪（白银有色金属公司研究所兰州７３０９００）冰洲石具有最高的双折射率。主要用于光学、国防、电子诸多高科技领域，制造特种光学仪器。甘肃黄渚关地区蕴藏丰富的冰洲石矿产资源。１黄渚关冰洲石矿产出概况黄渚关冰洲石矿位于陇南... 相似文献
4.
冰洲石系透明如水的方解石,CaCO_3含量达99.95％,县高折射率,用于制作各种偏光仪器,是现代高科技工业的重要矿物原料。我省碳酸盐岩分布地区赋存岩溶型、脉型、裂隙破碎带型冰洲石矿床。在古岩溶与节理裂隙相结合地段及方解石脉膨胀部位于成矿有利,光学材料晶体获得率较高。冰洲石的精选是以台灯聚光,在暗室里重点鉴定节瘤、管道、包体、剔出缺陷部分,获取商品晶体。四川地区现已发现有待勘查开发的冰洲石矿点30余处,建议加强地质勘查工作,对冰洲石资源进行保护性开采。 相似文献
5.
黔西南某冰洲石矿床矿物学特征研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过对黔西南某冰洲石矿床中的冰洲石与主解石在晶体形主粒度特征,化学成分及物理性质等方面的分析对比,作者认为由于两者的形成条件及环境不同,因而在化学成分上存在细微差异,由此而导致两者在物理性质上存在显著的差异。 相似文献
6.
本文介绍了冰洲石的利用和产销现状,着重阐述了甘肃陇南地区冰洲石矿的成矿地质背景、矿床特征、控矿条件及找矿方向。认为在徽成盆地或西成铅锌矿由南北两侧广泛分布的中泥盆统,中—上石炭统、下三叠统碳酸盐岩与通过该地层的东西向压扭性断裂之次级断裂内赋存有量多质佳的冰洲石矿产,并依据其已知矿床,矿点空间分布和成矿条件特征划分出南、北两个成矿带,指出了找矿靶区。 相似文献
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8.
我国首次发现冰洲石－方解石巨晶、超巨晶群体及形成机制探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章在阐明冰洲石－方解石巨晶、超巨晶群体的地质特征和矿物学特点的基础上,着重讨论了其巨型晶的形成条件和岩溶成矿机制问题。 相似文献
9.
一、概述由于冰洲石晶体的重屈折率和透明度很高,因此在现代光学工业上得到了广泛的应用。但目前国内对这方面矿床的研究和较系统的报道尚较少见。为此,笔者试图根据在太行山南段西麓某地发现的冰洲石矿床,对比已知有关矿床类型的地质特征加以阐述,为光学原料的普查找矿工作提供线索和标志。 相似文献
10.
１９９０年在黔西南发现冰洲石─方解石超巨晶群体，最大单晶达２５ｔ，如此巨大的晶体成群出现，实为稀世之宝。巨晶赋存地层为中三叠统石灰岩，断裂、裂隙及古溶洞为主要容矿、控矿构造。巨晶整体呈半透明一透明，几何形态以菱面体为主，自形程度较高。冰洲石纯度高、质量好，ＣａＣＯ３含量达９９．９５％，仅含微量杂质。自然界冰洲石矿床并不多见，尤其是浅成低温条件下形成巨晶更为罕见。作者研究认为，这种冰洲石一方解石巨晶形成的条件是：①有大型且封闭良好的结晶空间；②有纯洁丰富的矿物源供应；③热动力条件是温度缓慢降低及温度较长时期稳定环境，其结晶温度主要稳定在８０～１００℃范围内；④有微过饱和具卤水属性的成矿溶液以及具有长时间缓慢生长速度的条件。此外，据野外观察，方解石脉膨大的核部是巨晶成长发育的特定位置。冰洲石─方解石巨晶矿床是浅成、低温热液条件下，以溶蚀作用为主导成矿作用的产物，属岩溶矿床成困类型。 相似文献
11.
STEPHEN T. SOLOMON 《Sedimentology》1989,36(3):399-418
Dark mottles are a prominent and widespread feature of the regressive, cyclic, shallow marine limestones which form the late Asbian succession in many parts of Britain. The colour difference which defines mottles in outcrop is caused by distinct but often subtle petrographic differences in the limestone fabric. Specifically, mottles contain a light brown coloured opaque inclusion-rich calcite spar with characteristic dull brown luminescence; ‘mottle spar’. Outside mottle margins this calcite spar is absent, with clear inequant blocky cements forming the pore filling phase. ‘Mottle spar’ comprises a fabric of irregular crystals predominantly 5–40 μm in diameter, with more regular crystals up to 100 μm diameter often occurring in intraparticle and large interparticle pores. Under cathodoluminescence, ‘mottle spar’ displays crystal morphologies and growth patterns which indicate that both localized neomorphism and patchy cementation contributed to mottle formation. Cathodoluminescence cement stratigraphy shows that ‘mottle spar’ pre-dates all other major pore filling cements in the local Asbian succession, but post-dates marine micritization. ‘Mottle spar’ sharply defines the moulds of former aragonitic allochems which are now filled by the later clear, inequant spar cements. This shows that aragonite dissolution occurred after the formation of ‘mottle spar’. Mottles in calcretes contain unaltered allochems which have been protected from the effects of subaerial micritization by ‘mottle spar’, although mottles are often affected by subaerial brecciation. This evidence shows that mottles formed during early diagenesis; after marine micritization, but before dissolution of aragonite, subaerial exposure and meteoritic phreatic cementation. Mottles represented lithified patches of very low porosity which are interpreted to have formed in the marine/freshwater mixing zone, during the repeated phases of regression and emergence in the late Asbian. 相似文献
12.
Recent caliche, including nodules, pisolites, crusts, internal sediment, speleothem deposits, and spherulites, has formed within the dolomitic Cretaceous Edwards Formation of central Texas. As weathering altered the host strata, rhombic crystals of calcite were precipitated concomitantly with dissolution of the dolomite, thereby forming nodules. The highly altered dolomite (i.e. pulverulite) was then removed and spar, internal sediment, and travertine accumulated in the internodular voids. Nodular masses of calcite and dolomite are the most prominent constituent of the caliche. Some of the nodules have a well developed concentric structure as well as other characteristics similar to hypersaline pisolites. Features which appear to be useful in distinguishing caliche from hypersaline pisolites are: regional geological setting, association with other caliche and palaeosoil deposits, types of fossils present, and the presence of rhombic calcite and/or bladed sparry calcite with triangular shaped cross-section. A brick-like calcite texture and relict aragonite rays characterize hypersaline pisolites. Incipient neomorphism of the nodules and pisolites has resulted in the development of a radial pattern of spar within these structures. Geopetal deposits of internal sediment, including terra rossa soil, inhibited spar growth in the upward direction; consequently, spar is much better developed on the undersides of pisolites. Crusts and travertine flowstone (speleothem) deposits are intimately associated with the nodular masses and internal sediment. The brecciated thin crusts and travertine flowstone are end products of the same processes. The crusts formed during times of periodic desiccation of the growing surface while the flowstone formed when water was relatively abundant. Spherulitic bodies within the caliche, commonly 1–2 mm in diameter, display a radial texture and yet are composed of single crystals of calcite. The structures are the product of neomorphosed Microcodium or Microcodium-like globular bodies. 相似文献
13.
Two Greek Pleistocene tufa stromatolites were examined petrographically and with stable isotope geochemistry to determine whether calcite spar is of primary or diagenetic origin. The younger (ca 100 ka) tufa from Zemeno primarily is micritic, with primary columnar calcite spar restricted to areas immediately above chironomid larval tubes. This relationship suggests that chironomid larval feeding behaviour is responsible for the development of Zemeno tufa columnar calcite, probably involving biological substances smeared onto the tufa surface. Most micritic crystals are not suitably oriented to allow later post‐depositional growth resulting in columnar fabrics. The older (ca 1 Ma) predominantly sparry tufa from Nemea contains some chironomid tubes and organic cyanobacterial filaments preserved in crystal fans but also contains many fabrics found in primary speleothem spar. Columnar spar here is unlikely to be the result of post‐depositional crystal growth. A comparison of stable isotopic trends between the two tufa deposits suggests that both contain interpretable seasonal trends and implies little or minor post‐depositional alteration of either tufa. Consequently, there is no basis for the common assumption that sparry tufa fabrics must be of diagenetic origin. 相似文献
14.
H. S. CHAFETZ 《Sedimentology》1978,25(4):545-559
The upper part of the Riley Formation, Cambrian of central Texas, is primarily composed of a sequence of thoroughly trough cross-stratified deposits. The dominant lithologies range from fossiliferous glaucarenite to highly glauconitic bio-sparrudite. These cross-stratified deposits accumulated within a tidal inlet and associated lagoonal tributary and distributary channels. Tidal inlet-fill strata are underlain by shallow, open marine oosparites and biomicrites and are overlain by parallel bedded glaucarenites which accumulated as part of a barrier island complex. The parallel bedded deposits exhibit large scale, gently inclined strata, ripple cross-stratification, and a minor amount of vertical burrows. Some glaucarenite units within the tidal inlet-fill have local concentrations of skeletal material, primarily trilobite carapaces. These concentrations are most abundant in the bottoms of troughs. Cementation by bladed to fibrous spar between the carapaces has resulted in the nodular appearance of these skeletal accumulations. Calcite clasts, with relict evaporite textures, occur within the carbonate nodules and surrounding glaucarenite. These clasts were eroded from the shallow subsurface of the barrier island as the tidal inlet migrated. The presence of the former evaporite clasts attest to an arid climate at the time of their formation. 相似文献
15.
Secondary carbonate formations, such as travertine and calcareous tufa deposits, are important archives for quaternary continental climate studies and archaeology. The extremely complex growth mechanisms result in some serious problems for precise mass spectrometric uranium-series dating. Often, detrital and organic particles contaminate the carbonate and large pore volumes yield a great potential for open system behavior. We utilized microscopic, mineralogical and geochemical methods prior to sample selection to determine the abundance of primary calcite, i.e. micrite and spar. Furthermore, the state of alteration was characterized by cathodoluminescence and trace-element analysis. We conclude that travertine and calcareous tufa are appropriate for precise U-series age determination if a) micrite and/or spar are the dominant phases; b) cathodoluminescence of both phases is weak or absent; c) Fe and Al levels are low; and d) Sr concentrations are close to the average of the studied site. We mapped and sampled solely areas of major micrite/spar abundance having minor alteration for accurate U-series dating. When this new method was applied, travertines located in eastern Germany (sites Bad Langensalza, Burgtonna and Weimar-Ehringsdorf) gave single 230Th/238U-ages consistent with the lithological growth sequence and greatly improved compared to previously published chronologies. In addition, we determined 230Th/U isochron ages on bulk samples that confirm our single ages. In contrast to primary calcite, pore cements are homogeneously distributed throughout the travertine fabric and reflect early diagenetic processes and/or weathering. 相似文献
16.
Small (5–30 μm) aggregates of aragonite needles occur in calcite crystal crusts of present day hot water slope travertines at Rapolano Terme in Tuscany, Italy. The aggregates are mainly concentrated in irregular, wispy and dark laminae which cross-cut calcite crystal feathers to create a pervasive millimetre scale banded appearance in the deposit; they also occur less commonly scattered irregularly through the calcite layers. The aragonite needle aggregates are in the form of crosses, fascicles (sheaf shaped bundles, or dumbbell shaped), rosettes and spherulites. Locally, irregular masses of needles also occur. The fascicles, rosettes and spherulites have hollow centres which resemble microbial components (?fungal spores, bacterial colonies and pollen), suggesting that the aragonite crystals are biotically nucleated. The lamination is interpreted to reflect diurnal control. Stimulation of microbial activity during daylight concentrates cells in laminae and promotes aragonite calcification. Calcite feather crystals, although traversed by the aragonite aggregate laminae, have a clear appearance under the light microscope. They form more or less continuously through the diurnal cycle by abiotic precipitation. The constant association of aragonite with organic nuclei, irrespective of whether the latter are in laminae or scattered through the calcite layers, supports a biotic control on aragonite formation. Lamination in Pleistocene travertines is superficially similar to that in the present day deposits, but is diagenetically altered. In the Pleistocene deposits, the calcite feathers appear dark under the light microscope and the aragonite aggregates, where they are not altered to dark calcite, are dissolved, together with parts of the adjacent spar calcite, and therefore appear light coloured. 相似文献
17.
Progressively younger cycles of Quaternary dune limestones and shallow marine calcarenites infill a coastal embayment near Warrnambool in southeastern Australia. The formations have been dated using U/Th and C14 methods or have had their ages estimated by comparison with adjacent deposits. They provide a well-dated framework for the quantification of diagenetic rates in the fresh-water vadose zone.The sequence as a whole shows progressive increase in diagenetic alteration with age, related to increasing duration of subaerial exposure. Diagenesis includes alteration of high-Mg calcite to low-Mg calcite, dissolution of aragonite and precipitation of increasing amounts of void-filling low-Mg calcite spar. These changes are reflected in the progression of bulk-rock isotope values from the youngest to the oldest strata.The rocks at Warrnambool pass through 3 main stages of diagenetic evolution. The end of stage 1 is marked by the disappearance of high-Mg calcite. This occurs in just less than 90,000 years. The end of stage 2 occurs between 400,000 and 700,000 years and is marked by the disappearance of aragonite. The end of stage 3 and the beginning of stage 4 is marked by the complete infilling of all pore space by low-Mg calcite spar. This is not generally seen in this sequence but is restricted to specific diagenetic sites such as immediately below paleosol horizons. 相似文献
18.
The Messinian succession of Tuscany (central Italy) contains three evaporitic units. Among the several exposed evaporitic lithofacies, only selenitic gypsum precipitated directly from evaporating brines. All the other facies, nodular microcrystalline gypsum, gypsarenites and gypsum laminites, despite their macroscopic differences, display the same petrographic textures, indicating that they are the product of dehydration of gypsum to give anhydrite which has been successively rehydrated to secondary gypsum. These secondary facies show an entire array of textures ranging from cloudy ameboid (xenotopic) with anhydrite relics, to idiotopic without anhydrite relics, that are here interpreted as a sequence of progressive stages of rehydration. The presence of completely hydrated petrofacies at the core of nodules which display a less hydrated rim suggests that these rocks have undergone at least two cycles of a dehydration–rehydration process. This interpretation is supported by the presence of satin spar veins that are replaced by microcrystalline gypsum. Satin spar itself is considered to be a by-product of anhydrite hydration. The first dehydration–rehydration event affected the entire gypsum deposit, producing a completely hydrated (idiotopic) facies together with satin spar veins; the second affected only veins, fractures and the rims of nodules, turning the first generation of satin spar and idiotopic gypsum into cloudy ameboid gypsum. Sedimentary structures typical of sabkha environments indicate for the youngest formation that the first dehydration and rehydration process occurred syndepositionally. The preservation of primary gypsum facies only at sites with condensed sections, indicate for the oldest two formations that the first dehydration event occurred upon burial. This event has been estimated to have occurred in the earliest Pliocene. After the Early Pliocene, dehydration was favored even at shallow depths, due to an increased heat flow related with the emplacement of local crustal magmatic bodies. Rehydration possibly occurred when these formations were uplifted and exposed to ground and/or meteoric water. The Volterra Basin has undergone alternating subsidence and uplift events, that can account for two dehydration–rehydration processes at least, also driven by alternating circulation, in the tectonic fractures, of fresh and salty water, the latter derived from dissolution of Messinian halite. 相似文献