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1.
The black shale samples collected from two Neogene formations in the Klias Peninsula area, West Sabah, have been assessed
and characterized in details by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and a variety of organic geochemical
parameters. The aims of this study are to describe the characteristics of organic matter of these sediments in terms of source/type
of the organic matter, assess its thermal maturity and paleoenvironment of deposition, based primarily on biomarker distributions.
The results of both formations do not reveal significant differences within the rock extracts. The gas chromatograms of the
saturated hydrocarbon fractions of the Setap Shale and the Belait formations displayed monomodal n-alkane distributions and
nearly identical regular sterane compositions with a predominance of C27 regular steranes. These are consistent with open marine depositional environments dominated by marine biological matter.
Another related feature of these rock extracts is the presence of a high relative abundance of gammacerane, indicating anoxic
marine hypersaline source depositional environment. The relatively high abundance of common land plant-derived biomarkers,
such as bicadinanes and oleananes, is a clear indication of a major terrigenous input to the source of the extractable organic
matter. The predominance of oleanane biomarkers in both formations is indicative of angiospermis input and Tertiary source
rocks. The high C29/C30 hopane ratios, moderate development of C33–C35 hopanes, high abundance of tricyclic terpanes and a slight predominance of C27 regular sterane over C28 and C29 steranes are characteristic features tending to suggest a significant marine influence on these source rocks, thereby suggesting
a mixed source input. The 22S/(22S+22R)C32 hopane ratio has reached equilibrium, and this is supported by the high maturity level as indicated by the 22S/22SC31–33 extended hopane ratios and 20S/(20S+20R)C29 regular steranes ratios. 相似文献
2.
1 Introduction Since the 1990’s of the 20th century, oil & gas geochemists have shifted their research focus on hydrocarbon source rocks in the past to that on reservoir rocks and oil reservoirs at present; their research field has been expanded from oil & gas exploration to the assessment of oil reservoirs and production & management. Therefore, reservoir geochemistry as a branch disciplinary of organic geochemistry is now attracting great concern of many oil & gas explorers and oilfield en… 相似文献
3.
通过原油与油田水物理性质、原油与烃源岩族组成、饱和烃气相色谱以及萜烷与甾烷等生物标志化合物特征的多项地球化学指标对比,表明鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田延长组长8、长6、长4＋5等油层组原油性质较为复杂,其成熟度、母源氧化-还原环境及母质类型等方面存在显著差异。烃源岩评价也显示长9、长8、长7、长6、长4＋5段的暗色泥岩有机质质量和类型有所差别,但均具备生排烃能力。油源对比结果进一步证明：成藏过程存在多套油源混源供油的成藏效应,其中长8油层组原油主要来源于长7—长8段烃源岩;长6油层组原油主要来源于长7—长6段烃源岩;长4＋5油层组原油存在长7、长6及长4＋5段多源烃源岩的贡献。 相似文献
4.
为明确白云凹陷目前发现原油的成因及来源,系统分析取自珠江口盆地不同类型原油中各类生物标志物的分布与组成特征,发现番禺低隆起北部构造及番禺4洼的原油具有姥植比低(2.0),指示陆源有机质输入的奥利烷含量中等,基本缺乏达玛树脂贡献的双杜松烷,各类重排构型甾藿含量较低,而指示沟鞭藻贡献的C_(30)4-甲基甾烷异常丰富的特点。C_(30)4-甲基甾烷与C_(29)规则甾烷的比值2.1,且其三环萜烷系列C_(19-26)呈现以C_(21)为主峰的正态分布,指示其原始生烃母质以藻类为主,表明这类原油与文昌组湖相烃源岩具有较好的可比性;而番禺低隆起南部构造及白云凹陷的凝析油具有姥植比高(4.0),明显富含奥利烷和双杜松烷,各类重排构型甾藿烷含量较高,缺乏C_(30)4-甲基甾烷的特点,且其三环萜烷C_(19-26)呈现阶梯状依次降低的特点,表明陆源有机质是其主要原始生烃母质,这符合白云凹陷发育恩平组煤系烃源岩的石油地质背景。 相似文献
5.
乌兰花凹陷是二连盆地南部新发现的富油凹陷,对乌兰花凹陷原油物理性质和地球化学性质进行了系统的分析以揭示其特征及来源。原油物理性质显示,乌兰花凹陷原油比重（API gravity）介于20.2°~40.0°之间,主体为正常原油。原油生物标志化合物参数表明,不同构造带之间原油特征存在差异,可以划分为两类原油。一类以土牧尔构造带原油为主,具有低姥值比（Pr/Ph）和C21/C23三环萜烷,相对较高的伽马蜡烷/C31藿烷和规则甾烷/C30藿烷的特征,原油主要为烃源岩在成熟阶段早期的产物,主要以藻类来源为主。另一类原油包括赛乌苏和红井构造带原油,具有高姥值比（Pr/Ph）和C21/C23三环萜烷,相对较低的伽马蜡烷/C31藿烷和规则甾烷/C30藿烷,主要为陆源有机质和藻类有机质混合来源,原油具有更高的成熟度。原油碳同位素和正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素表明这两类原油应是一套烃源岩在不同成熟阶段的产物,原油主要来源于南洼槽阿尔善组烃源岩。阿尔善组烃源岩的非均质性和成熟度导致了两类原油的差异。 相似文献
6.
塔里木盆地一类新海相原油的地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对塔中52等井奥陶系储层产出的原油进行的分析结果表明,它们的三环萜烷系列较为特殊,主要表现为其相对丰度呈C19>C20>C21>C23>C24>C25>C26阶梯状的模式,C24四环萜烷异常丰富,且其丰度远高于C26三环萜烷,这一分布模式一般出现在淡水沼泽相和浅湖相沉积地层与原油中。在三萜烷分布特征上,其伽马蜡烷含量很低,甾烷系列和藿烷系列的分布与组成特征与该地区来源于中上奥陶统烃源岩的海相原油十分接近,同时它们的全油均具有轻的碳同位素组成,其δ13Ｃ值都小于-30‰,具有海相成因原油的特征。而塔中12井上奥陶统良里塔格组4-5段烃源岩中生物标志物的分析结果进一步证实了该类原油与那些富含宏观藻残片,且有机质类型偏腐殖型的上奥陶统海相烃源岩关系密切,是该地区油气勘探中值得关注的对象。 相似文献
7.
羌塘盆地是一个大型中生代海相沉积盆地,盆地内发育多套烃源岩,并发现多处古油藏和油气显示,确定古油藏油源对油气勘探至关重要.为明确古油藏油源,对古油藏和烃源岩样品进行地球化学分析.研究表明古油藏可分为2类:Ⅰ类古油藏整体处于成熟-高成熟阶段,C24四环萜烷丰度较高,三环萜烷丰度低,C29规则甾烷占有一定优势,C29藿烷含量较高,体现出以陆源有机质贡献为主的特征.Ⅱ类古油藏整体处于低成熟-成熟阶段,以C23三环萜烷为主峰,低丰度C24四环萜烷,C27规则甾烷占优势,表明母质来源以低等水生生物为主.油源对比表明,两类古油藏来源于不同的烃源岩,Ⅰ类油藏来自于上三叠统扎那组烃源岩,Ⅱ类油藏主要为下侏罗统曲色组烃源岩的贡献. 相似文献
8.
Distinctive compositional features of cyclic saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers have been established in oils from the main petroliferous lithostratigraphic complexes of various structural zones in the Timan-Pechora petroliferous province (TPPP). Four geochemical families (types) of oils in TPPP are recognized based on the variations in the geochemical parameters of steranes and terpanes including sterane ratios C27/C29 and C28/C29, K1 mat and K2 mat, diasterane/regular sterane, pregnane (C21–22)/sterane (C21–22 + C27–29), as well as terpane Ts/Tm parameters, adiantane C29/hopane C30, neoadiantane/adiantane, tryciclic terpane/pentacyclic terpane, hopane/sum of C29 steranes, etc. The distribution of various types of oil in the sedimentary sequence of TPPP makes it possible to infer source rocks for each of the four selected types. 相似文献
9.
《Applied Geochemistry》2005,20(10):1875-1889
Based on the systematic analyses of light hydrocarbon, saturate, aromatic fractions and C isotopes of over 40 oil samples along with related Tertiary source rocks collected from the western Qaidam basin, the geochemical characteristics of the Tertiary saline lacustrine oils in this region was investigated. The oils are characterized by bimodal n-alkane distributions with odd-to-even (C11–C17) and even-to-odd (C18–C28) predominance, low Pr/Ph (mostly lower than 0.6), high concentration of gammacerane, C35 hopane and methylated MTTCs, reflecting the high salinity and anoxic setting typical of a saline lacustrine depositional environment. Mango’s K1 values in the saline oils are highly variable (0.99–1.63), and could be associated with the facies-dependent parameters such as Pr/Ph and gammacerane indexes. Compared with other Tertiary oils, the studied Tertiary saline oils are marked by enhanced C28 sterane abundance (30% or more of C27–C29 homologues), possibly derived from halophilic algae. It is noted that the geochemical parameters of the oils in various oilfields exhibit regular spatial changes, which are consistent with the depositional phase variations of the source rocks. The oils have uncommon heavy C isotopic ratios (−24‰ to −26‰) and a flat shape of the individual n-alkane isotope profile, and show isotopic characteristics similar to marine organic matter. The appearance of oleanane and high 24/(24 + 27)-norcholestane ratios (0.57–0.87) in the saline oils and source rocks confirm a Tertiary organic source. 相似文献
10.
Based on gas chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry techniques, the authors examined biomarker characteristics of the Ganquan Formation source rocks in the area of Dahulishan, Ejina, and analyzed the information and petroleum geological significance that were indicated by the source of organic matter, sedimentary environment and maturity and so on. Gas chromatography peak of saturated hydrocarbons from the Ganquan Formation source rocks showed "the former peak" of the single peak distribution, the main peak of carbon being C18 , indicating the main sources of organic matter with marine organic matter. Pr/Ph ranges from 0.3 to 0.6, indicating a strongly reducing sedimentary environment. Biomarker assemblages of the Ganquan Formation source rocks are abundant in tricyclic terpane with long side chains, with a high level of gammacerane, showing dominant distribution of C27 sterane. High contents of gammacerane in organic matter show organic facies of source rocks in the saltwater sedimentary environment. That average hopane/sterane ratio is 0.59, showing that algae have made more contributions to organic matter than bacteria. And the high level of C27 steranes shows that algae are the main source of hydrocarbon precursors. The Ganquan Formation’s methylphenanthrene index, which is an effective molecular parameter index to measure thermal evolution of organic matter, ranges from 0.35 to 0.50, and the conversion of vitrinite reflectance Rc from it is within the range of 2.00-2.09, indicating that the Ganquan Formation source rocks are in the over-mature stage of thermal evolution. 相似文献
11.
琼东南盆地深水东区勘探程度低,钻井样品受油基泥浆污染严重,目前关于该区浅海相和海陆过渡相烃源岩的有机地球化学研究较为局限。通过对深水东区渐新统受油基泥浆污染的泥岩岩屑进行有效地洗油实验及有机地球化学分析测试,结合东部浅水区渐新统烃源岩样品的有机岩石学、有机地球化学分析测试等地质资料,系统剖析了深水东区渐新统不同沉积相烃源岩的地球化学特征、发育控制因素和发育模式。研究结果认为,琼东南盆地深水东区渐新统烃源岩的发育模式可分为海陆过渡相三角洲前缘模式和浅海相模式。海陆过渡相三角洲前缘烃源岩为中等—高有机质丰度,有机质类型为Ⅲ型,具有Pr/Ph普遍大于3、(nC21+nC22/nC28+nC29)普遍小于1.2、高OL/C30H、高T/C30H、低C23TT/C30H、低C27ST/C29ST和相对较低的Ga/C30H、C35/C3422S的特征,烃源岩的TOC和硫含量相关性极好,沉积水体为氧化性淡水—半咸水环境。三角洲前缘烃源岩的TOC和母源输入参数相关关系较好,而与Ga/C30H、C35/C3422S参数相关关系较差,说明三角洲前缘烃源岩的有机质丰度主要受陆源有机质输入的控制。浅海相烃源岩有机质丰度中等,有机质类型为Ⅱ2~Ⅲ型,具有Pr/Ph普遍小于3、(nC21+nC22/nC28+nC29)普遍大于1.5、低OL/C30H、低T/C30H、高C23TT/C30H、高C27ST/C29ST和相对较高的Ga/C30H、C35/C3422S的特征,且烃源岩的TOC和硫含量相关性较差,沉积水体为弱氧化性半咸水—咸水沉积环境。浅海相烃源岩的TOC和母源输入参数、Ga/C30H、C35/C3422S等相关关系均较好,说明浅海相烃源岩有机质丰度受水生有机质输入和弱氧化性半咸水—咸水沉积环境控制。滨海相烃源岩的有机质丰度为差—中等,有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主,且TOC受母质来源或沉积水体的氧化还原性影响较小,其烃源岩发育模式是一种破坏性模式。 相似文献
12.
在系统分析柴达木盆地北缘和西部各油田60余个原油样品轻烃、饱和烃和芳烃组成的基础上,全面揭示了两地区原油的标志性地球化学特征;并结合源岩分析资料,应用断代生物标志物建立了识别原油源岩时代的标志。研究结果表明,北缘各油田原油Mango轻烃参数K_1值波动在1.1上下,富含甲基环已烷和甲苯;正烷烃呈奇偶优势分布,姥鲛烷优势显著;反映侏罗系淡水湖沼相沉积有机质特征。西部原油K_1值大多在1.2以上,轻烃中富含异构支链化合物;正烷烃系列呈奇碳优势(C_(11)～C(17))和偶碳优势(C_(18)～C_(28))双重分布模式,强植烷优势;C_(28)甾烷相对含量高(>30％);脱羟基维生素E系列化合物丰富,5,7,8-三甲基-/8-甲基-MTTC比值大都低于10;表征古近系—新近系咸水湖相有机质性质。奥利烷和C_(26)降胆甾烷是区分侏罗系和古近系—新近系油源油的有效断代生物标志物。侏罗系原油无奥利烷,24-/(24-+27-)降胆甾烷比值小于0.25;古近系—新近系原油含有奥利烷,24-/(24-+27-)降胆甾烷比值高于0.6。 相似文献
13.
An integrated petrological and geochemical analysis of surface and drilled oil sands was conducted to assess the organic matter origin/type, thermal maturity and paleoenvironment. Petrographic analysis of the oil sand used to establish the relationships between porosity and permeability with bulk density, RQI, NPI and FZI. The strong correlation between reservoir quality index (RQI) and permeability (R2 = 0.98) reveal that porosity has a good correlation to RQI. The biomarker signatures of the analyzed oil reveal predominance of subaquatic‐derived source input with mainly land plant materials. This was indicated based on the average concentration of αααC27:C28:C29 sterane 20R of about 38%, 22% and 40% respectively. This interpretation is also supported by high values of tricyclic terpane/αβC30 hopane and regular sterane/αβC30 hopane. An anoxic condition of deposition within a lacustrine paleoenvironment that attributed to the enhancement of the preservation of the organic matters in the area were indicated based on the low Pr/Ph ratios (average 0.74), low values of αβC31‐22R‐hopane/αβC30 hopane ratios and high C26/C25 tricyclic terpane ratios as well as the presence of gammacerane and a low water salinity. Biomarker maturity parameters show that the extracted oil sand has entered the early oil window stage. 相似文献
14.
Geochemical characterisation of 18 crude oils from the Potwar Basin (Upper Indus), Pakistan is carried out in this study. Their relative thermal maturities, environment of deposition, source of organic matter (OM) and the extent of biodegradation based on the hydrocarbon (HC) distributions are investigated. A detailed oil-oil correlation of the area is established. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses and bulk stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of saturated and aromatic HC fractions reveals three compositional groups of oils. Most of the oils from the basin are typically generated from shallow marine source rocks. However, group A contains terrigenous OM deposited under highly oxic/fluvio-deltaic conditions reflected by high pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph), C30 diahopane/C29Ts, diahopane/hopane and diasterane/sterane ratios and low dibenzothiophene (DBT)/phenanthrene (P) ratios. The abundance of C19-tricyclic and C24-tetracyclic terpanes are consistent with a predominant terrigenous OM source for group A. Saturated HC biomarker parameters from the rest of the oils show a predominant marine origin, however groups B and C are clearly separated by bulk δ13C and δD and the distributions of the saturated HC fractions supporting variations in source and environment of deposition of their respective source rocks. Moreover, various saturated HC biomarker ratios such as steranes/hopanes, diasteranes/steranes, C23-tricyclic/C30 hopane, C28-tricyclic/C30 hopane, total tricyclic terpanes/hopanes and C31(R + S)/C30 hopane show that two different groups are present. These biomarker ratios show that group B oils are generated from clastic-rich source rocks deposited under more suboxic depositional environments compared to group C oils. Group C oils show a relatively higher input of algal mixed with terrigenous OM, supported by the abundance of extended tricyclic terpanes (up to C41+) and steranes.Biomarker thermal maturity parameters mostly reached to their equilibrium values indicating that the source rocks for Potwar Basin oils must have reached the early to peak oil generation window, while aromatic HC parameters suggest up to late oil window thermal maturity. The extent of biodegradation of the Potwar Basin oils is determined using various saturated HC parameters and variations in bulk properties such as API gravity. Groups A and C oils are not biodegraded and show mature HC profiles, while some of the oils from group B show minor levels of biodegradation consistent with high Pr/n-C17, Ph/n-C18 and low API gravities. 相似文献
15.
塔里木盆地原油的成因研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
对塔里木盆地原油和生油岩饱和烃进行ＧＣ－Ｃ－ＭＳ和ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析，利用单个正构烷烃碳同位素组成和三环萜烷分布特征进行油源对比，研究了塔里木盆地原油的油源问题；根据寒武—奥陶系富含菌藻有机质生油岩饱和烃色谱分析结果，对塔里木盆地海相原油含蜡较高的成因进行了探讨 相似文献
16.
17.
对鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区中侏罗统直罗组砂岩中烃类包裹体进行镜下观察、描述，利用压碎抽提法对烃类包裹体进行色谱—质谱分析，并与白垩系油苗、三叠系油砂及源岩抽提物进行对比，目的是探讨其来源。包裹体油生物标志物成熟度参数，C29ααα甾烷20S/(S+R)、C32αβ藿烷22S/(S+R)比值基本达到平衡值，利用甲基菲指数计算的镜质体反射率参数介于0.64%～0.82％之间，显示包裹体中石油烃已接近成熟—成熟热演化阶段；物质来源及沉积环境参数，ααα20R甾烷百分含量C27>C28相似文献
18.
冀中坳陷苏桥-文安地区混源油定量识别模式研究--典型原油混合实验及混源油识别模式 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
通过典型原油混合实验及其产物的地球化学剖析,揭示当煤成油和下第三系原油混合时,随着下第三系原油的增加,C19三环萜烷,C24四环萜烷,C30重排藿烷,C29甾烷和重排甾烷逐渐变小;而姥鲛烷和植烷,伽马蜡烷和C27甾烷含量则逐渐增加。利用饱和烃生物标志物和芳烃化合物绝对浓度的变化规律,建立了冀中坳陷苏桥-文安地区混源油定量识别模式图版。根据混源油识别的模式,判断苏49井的混源油是由10%的下第三系原油和90%的煤成油混合而成;相反文1021井混源油则是由90%的下第三系原油和10%的煤成油混合而成。 相似文献
19.
基于40余个不同岩性烃源岩及原油饱和烃组分的GC/MS和GC/MS/MS分析资料,揭示了琼东南盆地崖城地区渐新统不同沉积相带烃源岩的生物标志物组合特征,并与崖城油气田原油进行油源精细对比,提出了新的认识。研究结果表明,海岸平原沼泽相煤及碳质泥岩呈姥鲛烷优势(Pr/Ph>5.0),三环萜烷以低碳数化合物为主(C19/C23>3.0),甾烷丰度低(藿烷/甾烷>5.0), C29甾烷优势显著(>60%),指示高等植物为主要的有机源,且沉积于氧化环境。浅海相泥岩中Pr/Ph值大多在1.0~2.5,表征弱还原-弱氧化环境;其三环萜烷以C21或C23为主峰,甾烷呈"V"字型分布,藿烷/甾烷比值小于3.0,具陆源和水生双重有机质生源。煤及碳质泥岩中奥利烷和双杜松烷等陆源标志物均较少,而泥岩中却普遍富含这些化合物,反映了近岸海相沉积有机质的特殊性。因而,在近海盆地地层中奥利烷和双杜松烷丰度并不能代表总体有机质中陆源的输入比例,更可能是指相标志。通过与烃源岩的分子地球化学对比表明,崖城油气田的主体原油兼具煤成烃和泥岩所生油的生物标志物组成,为混源油,来自渐新统不同沉积相带烃源岩。 相似文献
20.
The present paper deals with the biomarker characteristics of crude oils and source rocks from different environments(fresh,fresh-brackish and salt waters)of nonmarine depositional basins of different ages in China.Their characters are summarized as follows:1)Souce rocks and crude oils derived from fresh-water lacustrine facies have an odd/even predominance of n-alkanes and high pristine/phytane ratios.Oils from the fresh-water lacustrine facies differ from typical marine oils in the relative contents of total steranes and terpanes,the concentrations of hopanes and organic sul-phur compounds and the values of methylphenanthrene indices and C,H,S stable isotopes.2)The source rocks and crude oils derived from saline lacustrine facies possess an even/odd predominance of n-alkanes and high phytane/pristine ratios.There are also some differences between saline lacustrine oils and freshwater lacustrine oils in the concentrations of steranes,tricyclic terpanes and organic sulphur compounds,as well as in the values of methylphenanthrene indices and C,H,S stable isotopes.3)Oils derived from fresh-brackish water lake facies differ from oils from fresh-water lacustrine or samline lacustrine environments in respect of some biomarkers.According to the various distributions of these biomarkers,a number of geochemical parameters can be applied synthetically to differentiating and identifying the nature of original depositional environments of crude oils and source rocks and that of organisms-primary source materials present in those environments. 相似文献