共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 562 毫秒
1.
利用地震剖面获取海水层温度、盐度、密度等物理参数成为地震海洋学研究的一个重要问题.本文提出了以CTD(Conductivity-Temperature-Depth)温盐深剖面仪观测资料为约束的波阻抗、温-盐结构反演方法.该方法包括两个步骤:首先把少量的CTD作为"约束井"进行地震数据的波阻抗反演;然后利用从CTD资料获得的研究海区的温-盐关系式,结合波阻抗数据反演得到温度和盐度剖面.通过合成数据的试算表明,基于少量的CTD资料控制,利用地震数据可以反演得到高分辨率的二维温度、盐度结构.基于地震数据的温-盐结构反演方法有望弥补传统物理海洋学观测方法的不足,为海洋学研究提供大量的基础数据,有广泛的应用前景. 相似文献
2.
利用Argo剖面浮标的轨迹资料研究了棉兰老岛以东中层(1000~2000 m?)深度上的中尺度环流特征. 浮标漂移深度的轨迹表明, 棉兰老岛以东的中层环流包含非常显著的中尺度信号特征. 浮标的漂移流速表明了该区域的气旋式涡旋和反气旋式涡旋在1000 m深度上的平均切向速度约为20 cm·s-1, 随着深度增加速度有所降低, 在2000 m深度上流速约为10 cm·s-1. 以上结果暗示在棉兰老岛以东区域, 依据零速度参考面的动力计算可能存在着较大误差. 涡旋的平均涡度和赤道β 平面罗斯贝数表明, 这些中尺度涡旋对于棉兰老岛以东中层环流的质量和涡度平衡起着重要的作用. 相似文献
3.
海洋观测数据的质量控制是建立高质量海洋科学数据库的基础,对于推动海洋及多学科交叉研究、预测预报、灾害预警等具有重要意义.随着各种自动化观测平台(仪器)的出现,海洋调查从近海逐渐拓展到开放大洋,海洋科学已进入大数据时代.目前,国内外对如何获得高质量的现场观测数据越来越重视.然而,由于获取数据手段多样、数据质量千差万别、数据错情类型繁多等因素,使得如何高效和精准地发现这些质量问题并对其进行质量控制是一个难点,也是数据处理中的核心技术.本文系统总结了海洋观测数据(温度、盐度、溶解氧等)质量控制的研究现状与最新进展,对比了国内外不同机构质量控制的差异,分析了现已取得的成果及存在的问题,探讨了开展质量控制性能评估的可能性,并就未来的发展方向提出了一些建议. 相似文献
4.
依据Argo的海洋盐度观测及降水、蒸发、海面高度等数据分析了全球海洋表层盐度的平均态和低频变化特征及其与海洋环流和气候变化的关系,并结合前人成果对海洋盐度的研究进行了回顾和展望.蒸发减降水在最低阶上决定了海洋表层盐度的分布,海洋环流动力过程在大部分海域调整了海洋表层盐度的空间结构,并影响了海洋表层盐度的低频变率.全球变暖的情况下,海洋表层盐度表现为盐度高的地方会变得更高、盐度低的地方会变得更低,表征为整个水循环系统的加强.在最近20年全球变暖停滞期,海表盐度变化与全球变暖的趋势不同,更多地体现了对气候系统的年代际及多年代际振荡的响应,此阶段对应着Walker环流加强;西太平洋和东南印度洋海表盐度的反向变化揭示了跨海盆尺度海洋动力过程的重要性,海洋Rossby波和印尼贯穿流的共同作用使得东南印度洋海表盐度显著降低;在东南太平洋和北大西洋更多地体现了全球变暖下的海表盐度单调升高或降低的响应.期待未来的盐度卫星能够提供更高时空分辨率的盐度数据,这将和Argo观测一起,拓展我们在中尺度动力学、区域海洋学以及气候变化等方面的认知. 相似文献
5.
一种用于微波辐射计遥感海表面盐度和温度的反演算法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海面的微波辐射除了与海表面温度和盐度有关外, 还受海面风的影响. 海面风的观测误差严重地影响了海表面温度和盐度的遥感精度. 通过研究海面风因子对海表面辐射影响, 建立了海面风(包括风速和风向)与海表面的微波亮温T以及风导致的亮温修正量DT之间的关系; 在此基础上, 提出了利用微波辐射计的单卫星、多角度观测数据反演海表面盐度和温度的算法. 在这个算法中, 风对海表面辐射影响已经被剔除, 风速和风向不再是反演算法的输入参数. 因此, 该算法不受制于海面风速和风向的影响导致的误差. 这样, 为利用单卫星、多角度微波辐射计遥感海表面盐度和温度提供了一个新途径. 相似文献
6.
强干扰地区CSAMT数据信息熵与有理函数滤波的处理方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
CSAMT在强干扰地区采集的数据,尽管在测量时采取了多种多样压制干扰的措施,但强干扰余音仍是影响CSAMT数据质量的主要因素.如何在数据处理时进一步削减干扰,是提高CSAMT反演数据质量与反演解释效果的重要一环.本文主要针对矿山强电磁干扰的特点,从美国Zonge公司的GDP仪器为选频测量数据出发,提出了一种基于信息熵去噪与有理函数滤波相结合的数据处理方法.首先采用CSAMT数据误差熵处理,逐次剔除大的干扰数据,直到得到满意的信息熵,从而提取实际的有用信号数据.然后对经过信息熵处理后的测深曲线,进行有理函数滤波处理.再次剔除干扰大的跳点,得到较圆滑的测线纯异常数据.通过数字模型验证,其方法正确,精度较平均处理结果高.经在强干扰矿山实测数据处理表明,该处理方法压制干扰效果明显,可以达到提高信噪比,改善实测数据质量的目的. 相似文献
7.
本文首先通过对波动方程的分析,得出了声波波动方程和雷达波波动方程形式一致性,从而说明了把广泛应用在地震数据处理中的偏移技术引入到GPR资料处理中的可行性;其后说明了时域有限差分法（FDTD）的原理,并用它合成了几种常见的雷达正演剖面;最后利用Kirchhoff积分偏移法对正演所得的雷达剖面进行偏移处理,通过对比偏移处理前后的雷达正演剖面,可知Kirchhoff积分偏移法能使雷达正演剖面中的反射波的归位,绕射波收敛,从而大大地提高了雷达正演剖面的分辨率,更好地指导GPR剖面的地质解释和验证偏移方法的有效性. 相似文献
8.
布格重力异常数据是研究地壳结构和变形的重要依据,由于观测手段、处理方法等存在差异,不同手段获得的布格重力异常可能存在数据噪声水平及起算基准不一致,从而引起多源布格重力异常数据难以有效融合的难题.为此,本文在传统等效源重力数据融合方法的基础上,通过引入贝叶斯参数优化准则,提出了一种新的多源布格重力异常融合算法.随后对川滇地区两条实测重力剖面布格异常和WGM2012模型计算布格异常开展了融合实验,结果表明:新算法不仅能显著降低不同异常中的非相干噪声,而且能将多源异常的系统偏差有效纠正.与已有布格重力异常相比,融合所得布格重力异常特征与川滇地区主要线性构造分布形态具有更好的一致性.本文给出的川滇地区融合布格重力异常同时兼顾了地表实测重力的高精度和卫星重力场全球模型的高分辨率,可为研究川滇地区地壳结构和构造区划提供更加有价值的地球物理基础资料. 相似文献
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11.
Pierre L’Hégaret Léo Lacour Xavier Carton Guillaume Roullet Rémy Baraille Stéphanie Corréard 《Ocean Dynamics》2013,63(6):633-659
Trajectories and hydrological data from two Argo floats indicate that warm and salty water at 200–300-m depths was ejected from the coast of Oman, near Ras al Hamra, in spring 2008, 2011, and 2012. This warm and salty water, Persian Gulf Water (PGW), once ejected from the coast, recirculated cyclonically in the western Sea of Oman, but also flowed eastward along the Iranian and Pakistani coasts. There, it was expelled seaward by mesoscale eddies as shown by other float data. Seasonal maps of salinity were computed from all available Argo floats; they showed that, in spring, PGW is present in the middle and north of the Sea of Oman, contrary to fall, when the salinity maxima lie southeast of Ras al Hadd. The ejection of PGW from Ras al Hamra is related here to the influence of a mesoscale dipolar eddy which often appears near this cape in spring. The time-averaged and empirical orthogonal functions of altimetric maps over 11 years for this season confirm the frequent presence and the persistence of this feature. From surface currents and hydrology, deep currents were computed via thermal wind balance, and the associated shear and strain fields were obtained. This deformation field is intense near Ras al Hamra, with an offshore direction. This flow structure associated with the mesoscale dipole explains PGW ejection from the coast. This observation suggests that PGW distribution in the Northern Arabian Sea can be strongly influenced by seasonal mesoscale eddies. 相似文献
12.
Argo data assimilation in ocean general circulation model of Northwest Pacific Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Xunqiang Yin Fangli Qiao Yongzeng Yang Changshui Xia Xianyao Chen 《Ocean Dynamics》2012,62(7):1059-1071
The Argo temperature and salinity profiles in 2005–2009 are assimilated into a coastal ocean general circulation model of the Northwest Pacific Ocean using the ensemble adjustment Kalman filter (EAKF). Three numerical tests, including the control run (CTL) (without data assimilation, which serves as the reference experiment), ensemble free run (EnFR) (without data assimilation), and EAKF experiment (with Argo data assimilation using EAKF), are carried out to examine the performance of this system. Using the restarts of different years as the initial conditions of the ensemble integrations, the ensemble spreads from EnFR and EAKF are all kept at a finite value after a sharp decreasing in the first few months because of the sensitive of the model to the initial conditions, and the reducing of the ensemble spread due to Argo data assimilation is not much. The ensemble samples obtained in this way can well represent the probabilities of the real ocean states, and no ensemble inflation is necessary for this EAKF experiment. Different experiment results are compared with satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data and the Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program (GTSPP) data. The comparison of SST shows that modeled SST errors are reduced after data assimilation; the error reduction percentage after assimilating the Argo profiles is about 10?% on average. The comparison against the GTSPP profiles, which are independent of the Argo profiles, shows improvements in both temperature and salinity. The comparison results indicated a great error reduction in all vertical layers relative to CTL and the ensemble mean of EnFR; the maximum value for temperature and salinity reaches to 85?% and 80?%, respectively. The standard deviations of sea surface height are employed to examine the simulation ability, and it is shown that the mesoscale variability is improved after Argo data assimilation, especially in the Kuroshio extension area and along the section of 10°N. All these results suggest that this system is potentially useful for improving the simulation ability of oceanic numerical models. 相似文献
13.
Ocean Dynamics - We used historical CTD observations and Argo data to obtain the characteristics of the Kamchatka Current halocline and its eddies. Kamchatka Current eddies have a cold low salinity... 相似文献
14.
In this study, we have estimated the different sea level components (observed sea level from satellite altimetry, steric sea
level from in situ hydrography—including Argo profiling floats, and ocean mass from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment;
GRACE), in terms of regional and interannual variability, over 2002–2009. We compute the steric sea level using different
temperature (and salinity) data sets processed by different groups (SCRIPPS, CLS, IPRC, and NOAA) and first focus on the regional
variability in steric and altimetry-based sea level. In addition to El Nino–La Nina signatures, the observed and steric sea
level data show clear impact of three successive Indian Ocean Dipoles in 2006, 2007, and 2008 in the Indian Ocean. We next
study the spatial trend patterns in ocean mass signal by comparing GRACE observations over the oceans with observed minus
steric sea level. While in some regions, reasonably good agreement is observed, discrepancy is noticed in some others due
to still large regional trend errors in Argo and GRACE data, as well as to a possible (unknown) deep ocean contribution. In
terms of global mean, interannual variability in altimetry-based minus steric sea level and GRACE-based ocean mass appear
significantly correlated. However, large differences are reported when short-term trends are estimated (using both GRACE and
Argo data). This prevents us to draw any clear conclusion on the sea level budget over the recent years from the comparison
between altimetry-based, steric sea level, and GRACE-based ocean mass trends, nor does it not allow us to constrain the Glacial
Isostatic Adjustment correction to apply to GRACE-based ocean mass term using this observational approach. 相似文献
15.
Jenny A. U. Nilsson Srdjan Dobricic Nadia Pinardi Vincent Taillandier Pierre-Marie Poulain 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(10):1475-1490
The Mediterranean Forecasting System (MFS) has been operational for a decade, and is continuously providing forecasts and
analyses for the region. These forecasts comprise local- and basin-scale information of the environmental state of the sea
and can be useful for tracking oil spills and supporting search-and-rescue missions. Data assimilation is a widely used method
to improve the forecast skill of operational models and, in this study, the three-dimensional variational (OceanVar) scheme
has been extended to include Argo float trajectories, with the objective of constraining and ameliorating the numerical output
primarily in terms of the intermediate velocity fields at 350 m depth. When adding new datasets, it is furthermore crucial
to ensure that the extended OceanVar scheme does not decrease the performance of the assimilation of other observations, e.g.,
sea-level anomalies, temperature, and salinity. Numerical experiments were undertaken for a 3-year period (2005–2007), and
it was concluded that the Argo float trajectory assimilation improves the quality of the forecasted trajectories with ~15%,
thus, increasing the realism of the model. Furthermore, the MFS proved to maintain the forecast quality of the sea-surface
height and mass fields after the extended assimilation scheme had been introduced. A comparison between the modeled velocity
fields and independent surface drifter observations suggested that assimilating trajectories at intermediate depth could yield
improved forecasts of the upper ocean currents. 相似文献
16.
A three-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation system:Scheme and preliminary results 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
A new 3DVAR-based Ocean Variational Analysis System (OVALS) is developed. OVALS is capable of assimilating in situ sea water temperature and salinity observations and satellite altimetry data. As a component of OVALS, a new variational scheme is proposed to assimilate the sea surface height data. This scheme considers both the vertical correlation of background errors and the nonlinear temperature-salinity relationship which is derived from the generalization of the linear balance constraints to the nonlinear in the 3DVAR. By this scheme, the model temperature and salinity fields are directly adjusted from the altimetry data. Additionally, OVALS can assimilate the temperature and salinity profiles from the ARGO floats which have been implemented in recent years and some temperature and salinity data such as from expendable bathythermograph, moored ocean buoys, etc. A 21-year assimilation experiment is carried out by using OVALS and the Tropical Pacific circulation model. The results show that the assimilation system may effectively improve the estimations of temperature and salinity by assimilating all kinds of observations. Moreover, the root mean square errors of temperature and salinity in the upper depth less than 420 m reach 0.63℃ and 0.34 psu. 相似文献
17.
This paper investigates the feasibility of an ocean data assimilation system to analyze the salinity variability associated with the barrier layer in the equatorial Pacific. In order to validate reproducibility of the temperature and salinity fields, we perform an assimilation run where some temperature and salinity observations by TRITON buoys and Argo floats are withheld. The assimilation run reproduces interannual variability of salinity in the equatorial Pacific exhibited in the data that are withheld. Statistics shows that salinity values and variations in the assimilation run are closer to the data than the climatology and in the model free run. We also confirm that zonal currents in the equatorial Pacific in the reanalysis, where all available temperature and salinity data are assimilated, are consistent with an observation-based mapping and the data of the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler mounted on TAO buoys. Variability of the barrier layer and relevant salinity field in the reanalysis is consistent with former studies. A thick barrier layer area generally exists west of the equatorial salinity front and is displaced zonally with the migration of the front in the response to El Niño-Southern Oscillation, although the area moved to the east over the front in the 1997 El Niño. It is confirmed that the barrier layer thickness is closely correlated with the near-surface temperature in the equatorial Pacific. 相似文献
18.
While global oceanic surface information with large-scale, real-time, high-resolution data is collected by satellite remote sensing instrumentation, three-dimensional (3D) observations are usually obtained from in situ measurements, but with minimal coverage and spatial resolution. To meet the needs of 3D ocean investigations, we have developed a new algorithm to reconstruct the 3D ocean temperature field based on the Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography (Argo) profiles and sea surface temperature (SST) data. The Argo temperature profiles are first optimally fitted to generate a series of temperature functions of depth, with the vertical temperature structure represented continuously. By calculating the derivatives of the fitted functions, the calculation of the vertical temperature gradient of the Argo profiles at an arbitrary depth is accomplished. A gridded 3D temperature gradient field is then found by applying inverse distance weighting interpolation in the horizontal direction. Combined with the processed SST, the 3D temperature field reconstruction is realized below the surface using the gridded temperature gradient. Finally, to confirm the effectiveness of the algorithm, an experiment in the Pacific Ocean south of Japan is conducted, for which a 3D temperature field is generated. Compared with other similar gridded products, the reconstructed 3D temperature field derived by the proposed algorithm achieves satisfactory accuracy, with correlation coefficients of 0.99 obtained, including a higher spatial resolution (0.25° × 0.25°), resulting in the capture of smaller-scale characteristics. Finally, both the accuracy and the superiority of the algorithm are validated. 相似文献
19.
Toward a global ocean data assimilation system based on ensemble optimum interpolation: altimetry data assimilation experiment 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A global ocean data assimilation system based on the ensemble optimum interpolation (EnOI) has been under development as the
Chinese contribution to the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment. The system uses a global ocean general circulation
model, which is eddy permitting, developed by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In
this paper, the implementation of the system is described in detail. We describe the sampling strategy to generate the stationary
ensembles for EnOI. In addition, technical methods are introduced to deal with the requirement of massive memory space to
hold the stationary ensembles of the global ocean. The system can assimilate observations such as satellite altimetry, sea
surface temperature (SST), in situ temperature and salinity from Argo, XBT, Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO), and other sources
in a straightforward way. As a first step, an assimilation experiment from 1997 to 2001 is carried out by assimilating the
sea level anomaly (SLA) data from TOPEX/Poseidon. We evaluate the performance of the system by comparing the results with
various types of observations. We find that SLA assimilation shows very positive impact on the modeled fields. The SST and
sea surface height fields are clearly improved in terms of both the standard deviation and the root mean square difference.
In addition, the assimilation produces some improvements in regions where mesoscale processes cannot be resolved with the
horizontal resolution of this model. Comparisons with TAO profiles in the Pacific show that the temperature and salinity fields
have been improved to varying degrees in the upper ocean. The biases with respect to the independent TAO profiles are reduced
with a maximum magnitude of about 0.25°C and 0.1 psu for the time-averaged temperature and salinity. The improvements on temperature
and salinity also lead to positive impact on the subsurface currents. The equatorial under current is enhanced in the Pacific
although it is still underestimated after the assimilation. 相似文献