共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
D. Schneider E. Schwalbe H.-G. Maas 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2009,64(3):259-266
The paper focuses on the photogrammetric investigation of geometric models for different types of optical fisheye constructions (equidistant, equisolid-angle, sterographic and orthographic projection). These models were implemented and thoroughly tested in a spatial resection and a self-calibrating bundle adjustment. For this purpose, fisheye images were taken with a Nikkor 8 mm fisheye lens on a Kodak DSC 14n Pro digital camera in a hemispherical calibration room. Both, the spatial resection and the bundle adjustment resulted in a standard deviation of unit weight of 1/10 pixel with a suitable set of simultaneous calibration parameters introduced into the camera model. The camera-lens combination was treated with all of the four basic models mentioned above. Using the same set of additional lens distortion parameters, the differences between the models can largely be compensated, delivering almost the same precision parameters. The relative object space precision obtained from the bundle adjustment was ca. 1:10 000 of the object dimensions. This value can be considered as a very satisfying result, as fisheye images generally have a lower geometric resolution as a consequence of their large field of view and also have a inferior imaging quality in comparison to most central perspective lenses. 相似文献
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Increased use of digital imagery has facilitated the opportunity to use features, in addition to points, in photogrammetric applications. Straight lines are often present in object space, and prior research has focused on incorporating straight–line constraints into bundle adjustment for frame imagery. In the research reported in this paper, object–space straight lines are used in a bundle adjustment with self–calibration. The perspective projection of straight lines in the object space produces straight lines in the image space in the absence of distortions. Any deviations from straightness in the image space are attributed to various distortion sources, such as radial and decentric lens distortions. Before incorporating straight lines into a bundle adjustment with self–calibration, the representation and perspective transformation of straight lines between image space and object space should be addressed. In this investigation, images of straight lines are represented as a sequence of points along the image line. Also, two points along the object–space straight line are used to represent that line. The perspective relationship between image– and object–space lines is incorporated in a mathematical constraint. The underlying principle in this constraint is that the vector from the perspective centre to an image point on a straight–line feature lies on the plane defined by the perspective centre and the two object points defining the straight line. This constraint has been embedded in a software application for bundle adjustment with self–calibration that can incorporate point as well as straight–line features. Experiments with simulated and real data have proved the feasibility and the efficiency of the algorithm proposed. 相似文献
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为解决城市大比例尺真正射影像制作问题,提出了一种数字建筑模型（digital building model,DBM）整体投影遮蔽检测方法。该方法利用DBM表面以矢量三角面存储和平面图形投影内部栅格互不遮蔽的特点,首先以三角面为单元对整个建筑物进行正射投影得到房顶多边形;然后进行透视投影得到整个建筑物在像方的成像多边形,通过数字高程模型（digital elevation model,DEM）投影迭代算法得到该建筑物在传统正射影像上的成像多边形,两者求差集得到建筑物的遮蔽区域物方多边形;最后选取最优辅助影像对遮蔽区域进行纹理补偿,制作出真正射影像。实验结果表明,该方法能够快速准确地检测出影像遮蔽区域,为生成高质量真正射影像提供了保障和前提。 相似文献
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UAVRS影像空中三角测量实验研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
无人飞行器低空遥感系统(UAV Low Altitude Remote Sensing System简称UAVRS系统)适合于在阴云山区低空获取高分辨率垂直和倾斜影像,但获取的影像存在像幅小、数量多、基线短、重叠度不规则且倾角过大等问题,而这些问题,都是国内外现有的数字摄影测量系统面临的新问题。本文提出以带权观测值光束法平差解决UAVRS复杂影像区域网的空中三角测量问题的方法。其技术要点在于,从提高单模型定向的精度出发,以单模型定向元素为基础构建自由区域网,为带权观测值光束法平差提供有效初值。经试验表明,空三加密点的平面精度为0.386m,高程精度为0.525m,基本能达到1∶2000地形图测图的要求。 相似文献
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将对偶四元数应用于摄影测量中,提出了一种基于单位对偶四元数的航空影像区域网平差解算方法。相比于常规的平差方法和四元数方法,该算法的最大特点是将影像的摄站位置和姿态以一个单位对偶四元数整体表示,从而构建基于对偶四元数的区域网平差模型,并采用具有约束条件的参数平差进行解算。利用两个地区不同比例尺的实际航空影像数据进行实验,结果表明,该算法的平差精度与常规的区域网平差方法相当,对影像比例尺及控制点的数量与分布的需求也与常规的平差方法基本相同,为对当前轻小平台获取航空影像进行摄影测量处理提供了一条新的技术思路。 相似文献
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Diffraction grating based simultaneous projection of a large number of distinct and circular laser dots was adopted to solve correspondence and accuracy problems during automatic three dimensional measurement of a textureless and featureless object at close range. After rigid placement of the projector over the telescope of a geodimeter, accurate calibration and derivation of a camera model of the virtual active camera (the projector) was done without a control field and using a bundle adjustment procedure. While automatic detection and labelling of the actively placed target points over any given object remained a problem, algorithms were developed to locate and label these target points placed over a nearly flat and textureless surface. A conventional thresholding method was combined with least squares matching (LSM) to provide automatic subpixel image co-ordinate measurement of the target points placed over a textureless object but, considering the real object conditions, semi-automatic image co-ordinate measurement was done by LSM. The system provided an intersection parallax of 0.3 mm during a laboratory test scan of a planar object at 4.5 m distance. 相似文献
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像点偏移是影响光束法区域网平差结果精度的主要因素之一。克服平差过程中像点偏移的影响,以提高区域网平差精度,一直受到业界高度重视。当前,克服像点偏移的常规做法是借助特定的参数模型对其进行描述,构建基于附加参数模型的自检校光束法区域网平差模型,在区域网平差的同时求解引入的参数,进而实现对系统误差的补偿。Bauer模型、Ebner模型、Brown模型、光学畸变模型是现有算法中描述像点偏移的常用模型。为了对上述4种模型的系统误差进行验证,本文首先在经典的光束法区域网平差模型基础上分别设计了与4种模型相对应的自检校光束法区域网平差模型,并予以编程实现;然后通过实例对上述4种模型的算法运行结果进行了验证、比较及分析。试验结果表明,Ebner模型和Brown模型的引入可有效提高光束法区域网平差的精度;Bauer模型的引入对小型区域网平差精度的提升更加有效;光学畸变模型的引入对区域网平差结果的精度提升作用相对较小。 相似文献
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C. Jeganathan N.A.S. Hamm S. Mukherjee P.M. Atkinson P.L.N. Raju V.K. Dadhwal 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Fine spatial resolution (e.g., <300 m) thermal data are needed regularly to characterise the temporal pattern of surface moisture status, water stress, and to forecast agriculture drought and famine. However, current optical sensors do not provide frequent thermal data at a fine spatial resolution. The TsHARP model provides a possibility to generate fine spatial resolution thermal data from coarse spatial resolution (≥1 km) data on the basis of an anticipated inverse linear relationship between the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) at fine spatial resolution and land surface temperature at coarse spatial resolution. The current study utilised the TsHARP model over a mixed agricultural landscape in the northern part of India. Five variants of the model were analysed, including the original model, for their efficiency. Those five variants were the global model (original); the resolution-adjusted global model; the piecewise regression model; the stratified model; and the local model. The models were first evaluated using Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) thermal data (90 m) aggregated to the following spatial resolutions: 180 m, 270 m, 450 m, 630 m, 810 m and 990 m. Although sharpening was undertaken for spatial resolutions from 990 m to 90 m, root mean square error (RMSE) of <2 K could, on average, be achieved only for 990–270 m in the ASTER data. The RMSE of the sharpened images at 270 m, using ASTER data, from the global, resolution-adjusted global, piecewise regression, stratification and local models were 1.91, 1.89, 1.96, 1.91, 1.70 K, respectively. The global model, resolution-adjusted global model and local model yielded higher accuracy, and were applied to sharpen MODIS thermal data (1 km) to the target spatial resolutions. Aggregated ASTER thermal data were considered as a reference at the respective target spatial resolutions to assess the prediction results from MODIS data. The RMSE of the predicted sharpened image from MODIS using the global, resolution-adjusted global and local models at 250 m were 3.08, 2.92 and 1.98 K, respectively. The local model consistently led to more accurate sharpened predictions by comparison to other variants. 相似文献
10.
Bias-corrected rational polynomial coefficients for high accuracy geo-positioning of QuickBird stereo imagery 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Xiaohua Tong Shijie Liu Qihao Weng 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(2):218-226
The rational function model (RFM) is widely used as an alternative to physical sensor models for 3D ground point determination with high-resolution satellite imagery (HRSI). However, owing to the sensor orientation bias inherent in the vendor-provided rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs), the geo-positioning accuracy obtained from these RPCs is limited. In this paper, the performances of two schemes for orientation bias correction (i.e., RPCs modification and RPCs regeneration) is presented based on one separate-orbit QuickBird stereo image pair in Shanghai, and four cases for bias correction, including shift bias correction, shift and drift bias correction, affine model bias correction and second-order polynomial bias correction, are examined. A 2-step least squares adjustment method is adopted for correction parameter estimation with a comparison with the RPC bundle adjustment method. The experiment results demonstrate that in general the accuracy of the 2-step least squares adjustment method is almost identical to that of the RPC bundle adjustment method. With the shift bias correction method and minimal 1 ground control point (GCP), the modified RPCs improve the accuracy from the original 23 m to 3 m in planimetry and 17 m to 4 m in height. With the shift and drift bias correction method, the regenerated RPCs achieve a further improved positioning accuracy of 0.6 m in planimetry and 1 m in height with minimal 2 well-distributed GCPs. The affine model bias correction yields a geo-positioning accuracy of better than 0.5 m in planimetry and 1 m in height with 3 well-positioned GCPs. Further tests with the second-order polynomial bias correction model indicate the existence of potential high-order error signals in the vendor-provided RPCs, and on condition that an adequate redundancy in GCP number is available, an accuracy of 0.4 m in planimetry and 0.8 m in height is attainable. 相似文献
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Reduced-Dimensional Processing for Ground Moving Target Detection in Distributed Space-Based Radar 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
With multisatellite radar systems, several additional features are achieved: multistatic observation, interferometry, ground moving target indication (GMTI). In this letter, a new reduced-dimensional method based on joint pixels sum-difference (Sigma-Delta) data for clutter rejection and GMTI is proposed. The reduced-dimensional joint pixels Sigma-Delta data are obtained by the orthogonal projection of the joint pixels data of different synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images generated by a multisatellite radar system. In the sense of statistic expectation, the joint pixels Sigma-Delta data contain the common and different information among SAR images. Then, the objective of clutter cancellation and GMTI can be achieved by adaptive processing. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method even with clutter fluctuation and image coregistration errors 相似文献
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为了进一步解决大数据量带来的平差效率低下的问题,引入GPU并行计算技术,同时使用预条件共轭梯度法以及不精确牛顿解法求解区域网平差过程中的法方程,构建了适用于GPU并行计算的全新的区域网平差技术流程。本文方法避免了存储法方程系数矩阵,而是在需要的时候实时的计算该矩阵,使得本文算法相较于传统的算法所需的计算机内存空间大幅减少(仅需要存储平差原始数据即可),平差计算速度明显提升,同时计算精度与传统方法相当。初步试验证明,本文的方法在普通电脑上仅需要约1.5min即可完成对4500张影像、近900万像点数据的平差计算,且计算精度达到子像素级。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(5):364-382
To understand the mechanism of wetland cover change with both moderate spatial resolution and high temporal frequency, this research evaluates the applicability of a spatiotemporal reflectance blending model in the Poyang Lake area, China, using 9 time-series Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper images and 18 time-series Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer images acquired between July 2004 and November 2005. The customized blending model was developed based on the enhanced spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (ESTARFM). Reflectance of the moderate-resolution image pixels on the target dates can be predicted more accurately by the proposed customized model than the original ESTARFM. Water level on the input image acquisition dates strongly affected the accuracy of the blended reflectance. It was found that either of the image sets used as prior or posterior inputs are required when the difference of water level between the prior or posterior date and target date at Poyang Hydrological Station is <2.68 m to achieve blending accuracy with a mean average absolute difference of 4% between the observed and blended reflectance in all spectral bands. 相似文献
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CE-1立体相机与激光高度计数据联合平差 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CE-1三线阵立体相机和激光高度计主要用于获取月球形貌信息.CE-1沿轨运动过程中,可同时获取高分辨率的三线阵扫描影像和高精度的激光测高数据.在分析立体影像与激光高度计数据不一致性的基础上,为提高定位精度,将激光测距数据引入三线阵立体影像光束法平差处理.本文提出一种改进的外定向参数模型,采用3阶Lagrange多项式模型(LPM)建立外定向线元素内插模型,采用四元数球面线性内插建立外定向角元素模型,并根据改进模型建立激光高度计数据与影像数据的联合平差数学模型.试验表明,本文立体相机和激光高度计数据联合平差模型是有效的. 相似文献
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无人机倾斜摄影铁路轨道线高精度自动重建 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对既有铁路测绘上线难、作业效率低及测量精度不足的问题,本文提出了一种基于无人机多视图几何原理的铁路轨道线高精度重建方法。首先从无人机影像上提取线特征;然后采用像方测度获得候选匹配线,基于物方距离测度进行Powell优化,获得精确的钢轨线匹配结果;最后,将影像钢轨线匹配结果作为观测值,以钢轨线反投影距离作为测度,最小二乘优化物方钢轨直线段坐标。试验结果表明,本文方法实现了影像轨道线自动匹配与高精度平差解算,像方反投影残差优于0.5像素,轨距和高程的内符合精度分别为0.006和0.005 m。解算成果的平面高程绝对定位精度可达到2 cm左右,平差模型收敛性良好,可以满足工程应用的需要。 相似文献
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嫦娥三号降落相机在探测器实施软着陆的过程中获取了大量序列月面图像,这些图像不仅为公众提供了可视化的着陆过程,而且为着陆器在卫星遥感影像上的高精度定位提供了数据基础。在分析这些序列图像成像几何特性的基础上,提出一种利用降落序列图像进行嫦娥三号着陆器轨迹及姿态恢复的方法。首先通过序列影像进行自由网平差,建立各降落影像及月面的相对位置和姿态关系;然后通过量测卫星遥感影像及降落影像上月面标志物的尺寸,求解出建立的相对模型的尺度,从而恢复出序列降落影像在着陆过程中的带尺寸的位置和姿态;最后通过降落影像的密集匹配,完成着陆区域月表3维模型的重建。本文充分挖掘了降落相机的应用潜力,为嫦娥三号着陆任务中后续科学探测工作提供了高精度的数据支持。 相似文献
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S. Veraverbeke S. Lhermitte W.W. Verstraeten R. Goossens 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Burn severity is an important parameter in post-fire management. It incorporates both the direct fire impact (vegetation depletion) and ecosystem responses (vegetation regeneration). From a remote sensing perspective, burn severity is traditionally estimated using Landsat's differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR). In this case study of the large 2007 Peloponnese (Greece) wildfires, Landsat dNBR estimates correlated reasonably well with Geo composite burn index (GeoCBI) field data of severity (R2 = 0.56). The usage of Landsat imagery is, however, restricted by cloud cover and image-to-image normalization constraints. Therefore a multi-temporal burn severity approach based on coarse spatial, high temporal resolution moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery is presented in this study. The multi-temporal dNBR (dNBRMT) is defined as the 1-year integrated difference between burned pixels and their unique control pixels. These control pixels were selected based on time series similarity and spatial context and reflect how burned pixels would have behaved in the case no fire had occurred. Linear regression between downsampled Landsat dNBR and dNBRMT estimates resulted in a moderate-high coefficient of determination R2 = 0.54. dNBRMT estimates are indicative for the change in vegetation productivity due to the fire. This change is considerably higher for forests than for more sparsely vegetated areas like shrub lands. Although Landsat dNBR is superior for spatial detail, MODIS-derived dNBRMT estimates present a valuable alternative for burn severity mapping at continental to global scale without image availability constraints. This is beneficial to compare trends in burn severity across regions and time. Moreover, thanks to MODIS's repeated temporal sampling, the dNBRMT accounts for both first- and second-order fire effects. 相似文献
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S. Veraverbeke W.W. Verstraeten S. Lhermitte R. Goossens 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
The influence of illumination effects on the optimality of the dNBR (differenced Normalized Burn Ratio) was evaluated for the case of the 2007 Peloponnese (Greece) wildfires using a pre/post-fire Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) image couple. Well-illuminated pixels (south and south-east facing slopes) exhibited more optimal displacements in the bi-spectral feature space than more shaded pixels (north and north-west exposed slopes). Moreover, pixels experiencing a small image-to-image difference in illumination obtained a higher optimality than pixels with a relatively large difference in illumination. To correct for illumination effects, the c-correction method and a modified c-correction technique were applied. The resulting median dNBR optimality of uncorrected, c-corrected and modified c-correction data was respectively 0.58, 0.60 and 0.71 (differences significant for p < 0.001). The original c-correction method improved the optimality of badly illuminated pixels while deteriorating the optimality of well-illuminated pixels. In contrast, the modified c-correction technique improved the optimality of all the pixels while retaining the prime characteristic of topographic correction techniques, i.e. detrending the illumination–reflectance relationship. For a minority of the data, for shaded pixels and/or pixels with a high image-to-image difference in illumination, the original c-correction outperformed the modified c-correction technique. In this study conducted in rugged terrain and with a bi-temporal image acquisition scheme that deviated up to two months from the ideal anniversary date scheme the modified c-correction technique resulted in a more reliable change detection. 相似文献