共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
新疆乌什北山填图试点项目充分发挥遥感技术的先导作用,探索1:50000高山峡谷区填图方法。不同分辨率遥感数据在岩性、构造解译等方面的差异表明多源遥感数据综合解译能有效提高解译程度。研究认为同一遥感数据最佳波段组合图像、Landsat-8和Worldview-2数据协同图像增强了对岩性和构造识别的能力。高光谱遥感矿物填图和岩性分类、基于ASTER热红外遥感数据的岩石化学成分填图等是高山峡谷区填图有效技术方法。利用ETM和ASTER数据开展矿化蚀变信息提取,结果表明ASTER较ETM数据在铁染异常、羟基异常等提取方面具有更大的优势。分析认为多元信息综合预测是区域找矿的重要途径。根据乌什北山地质地貌特征,选择其中有效技术方法或技术方法组合开展1:50000地质填图,结果显示在减少剖面测制和路线地质调查数量的同时,达到了填图精度,并取得了若干重要研究成果,为区域构造演化和成矿规律分析总结提供了资料支撑。 相似文献
2.
用ASETR图像和地统计学纹理进行岩性分类 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
运用新获取的ASTER数据可以对岩性进行识别与分类：首先运用地统计学中的变差函数来计算分析几种选定的岩性单元的灰度值空间变化特征；运用ASTER数据的可见光一近红外波段、短波红外(SWIR)波段以及二者的组合进行岩性的分类，分析分类精度的变化。用变差函数作为纹理的计算函数来提取图像纹理，并与原始的光谱数据结合，进行岩性的分类。结果表明，与单纯的光谱分类相比，加入纹理信息可显著改善分类精度；用不同方向的滞后距离提取的图像纹理对图像的分类结果有一定的差异，尤其是对存在明显的各向异性的岩石单元。 相似文献
3.
基于ASTER 和ETM+数据的蚀变信息提取
比较研究———以西藏泽当矿田为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用ASTER和ETM+数据分别对西藏泽当矿田试验区进行了遥感数据矿物蚀变信息提取。根据研究区岩石矿物光谱特征,采用主成分分析法,提取了含三价Fe离子和粘土矿化蚀变信息,通过对两者提取的结果进行比较之后认为,ASTER数据比ETM+数据在矿化蚀变信息提取中能进一步识别不同类型的含羟基蚀变矿物,并且也能很好的提取含三价Fe离子蚀变信息,未来具有较大的优势。 相似文献
4.
应用多光谱ASTER数据对ETM遥感异常的定性判别研究——以东昆仑五龙沟为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
文中讨论了新的找矿参数——蚀变遥感异常的地质基础和光谱前提,在矿床地质学和蚀变矿物光谱参数特征的基础上,编制了一张用于遥感异常提取及对其地质解释的表格。ETM遥感异常提取技术已在全国推广,ASTER数据可以在三个方面对已推广的ETM起到重要的补充作用：1.利用短波红外增设的波段,对某些矿致异常区分其矿化（矿床）类型;2.利用增设的热红外波段区分某些岩性;3.可有助于解决ETM因第7波段太宽而产生的许多疑难问题。本文以东昆仑五龙沟为例讨论了ASTER对于解决ETM遥感异常性质判别困难方面的作用。 相似文献
5.
先进星载热发射和反射辐射仪（ASTER）——地质学家的最佳选择 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
航天遥感技术的发展为地质学家提供了大量可使用的遥感数据.在这些遥感数据中,ASTER具有从可见光到热红外的较宽的波谱范围,能满足对大多数矿物、岩石划分的需要.ASTER的多波段数据除了可以用传统的数据处理方法处理之外,还可以利用高光谱的岩矿信息识别与提取技术进行数据处理,得到更精确的矿物、岩石分类结果.利用GIS评价模型处理ASTER遥感解译的蚀变岩石信息,可以得到精确的遥感异常,从而指导找矿勘查工作. 相似文献
6.
ASTER数据包含有从太空测量来自地球表面的多光谱热红外辐射数据。通过对JHU光谱库中岩石矿物热红外光谱特征的分析,以及对ASTER影像TIR波段光谱特征进行分析,利用比值法和光谱角制图法SAM相结合进行石英、砂岩和硅酸盐岩类等造岩矿物识别并在西藏冈底斯东段泽当矿田应用,最后将遥感解译分析结果与该区已的地质资料进行比较。结果表明,ASTER影像TIR波段基本上能识别硅酸盐类造岩矿物,并且对于岩性识别具有很大的应用潜力。 相似文献
7.
新疆乌什县北山1:50000填图试点项目位于塔里木盆地西北边缘和西南天山交接部位,海拔较高,地形切割较深,属于典型的高山峡谷区。利用ASTER、SPOT6、GF-2等多源遥感数据,基于典型岩性光谱吸收特征,进行岩性差异信息增强与提取研究,总结出一套基于多源遥感数据进行岩性单元边界划分的方法。以ASTER数据、ASTER与SPOT6协同数据、ASTER与GF-2协同数据等为基础影像数据,并选择最佳波段组合进行RGB彩色合成,从而增强影像差异,结合已有研究区地质资料,初步圈定不同影像单元边界;继而利用矿物丰度指数、SMACC端元丰度提取等方法识别研究区内主要岩性的分布位置和范围;最后结合野外实际调查数据,依据实际地质背景和影像质量进行筛选,获得最终的岩性单元解译图。研究结果为该区进一步进行地层优化划分及对比提供了参考资料。 相似文献
8.
基于ASTER数据、Landsat 8数据及WorldView-2数据,采用波段组合法、最小噪声分离法、主成分分析法以及波段比值法,结合岩石光谱曲线,综合提取了新疆北山地区侵入岩的岩性特征。对WorldView-2进行主成分分析和最小噪声分离,并将R(PCA2)G(PCA1)B(PCA4)、R(MNF2)G(MNF1)B(PCA1)、OLI数据R(B7)G(B6)B(B5)进行假彩色合成,利用OLI数据中的B5/B2、B2/B1突出花岗岩。这些方法解决了复杂岩性的影像色调差异较小、细节不清晰等问题,降低了岩性划分及解译的难度,使各种岩性界线更加明晰。结合前人的区域地质调查成果,对研究区侵入岩岩性进行了系统解译及分析。多源遥感数据的综合利用,有助于更有效地识别复杂岩性并进行更详细的岩性分类,提高遥感岩性识别的正确率。 相似文献
9.
赛什腾地区隶属柴北缘构造带,岩性复杂多变,前人对研究区岩性界线的划分较为笼统,笔者等选择Landsat- 8 OLI、ASTER和Sentinel- 2A为数据源,采用最佳波段指数确定各影像的波段组合,凸显不同岩石的边界;将ASTER短波红外波段与Landsat- 8 OLI、Sentinel- 2A可见光—近红外波段协同处理,构成Landsat- 8+ASTER（LA）数据和Sentinel- 2A+ASTER（SA）数据,分析重采样岩石标准光谱信息,拟定不同岩石波段运算公式,基于多重分形理论选定不同岩石类型的阈值范围,获取主要岩性的分布;根据重采样的黑云母标准光谱曲线,选取SA数据2262 nm波段和2336 nm波段进行定向主成分分析,采用Crosta法阈值分割第二主成分,划分黑云母异常等级,将其与岩性分布相关联,识别出研究区主要岩性分布。通过岩石实测光谱分析、薄片镜下鉴定与野外地质调查相结合的方法完善解译结果。岩性提取结果显示,小赛什腾山东侧新发现“U”型条带,为辉长岩—英云闪长岩—二长花岗岩,重新圈定达肯大坂群第三岩组和第四岩组,滩间山群一组,花岗岩,二长花岗岩,黑云母花岗岩,流纹岩,似斑状石英闪长岩,石英闪长岩,英云闪长岩,辉长闪长岩和辉长岩等岩石的边界。此次基于多源遥感数据岩性识别方法研究对青海赛什腾地区野外地质调查工作具有指导意义,可为高山峡谷区地质填图提供技术参考。 相似文献
10.
赛什腾地区隶属柴北缘构造带,岩性复杂多变,前人对研究区岩性界线的划分较为笼统,笔者等选择Landsat- 8 OLI、ASTER和Sentinel- 2A为数据源,采用最佳波段指数确定各影像的波段组合,凸显不同岩石的边界;将ASTER短波红外波段与Landsat- 8 OLI、Sentinel- 2A可见光—近红外波段协同处理,构成Landsat- 8+ASTER（LA）数据和Sentinel- 2A+ASTER（SA）数据,分析重采样岩石标准光谱信息,拟定不同岩石波段运算公式,基于多重分形理论选定不同岩石类型的阈值范围,获取主要岩性的分布;根据重采样的黑云母标准光谱曲线,选取SA数据2262 nm波段和2336 nm波段进行定向主成分分析,采用Crosta法阈值分割第二主成分,划分黑云母异常等级,将其与岩性分布相关联,识别出研究区主要岩性分布。通过岩石实测光谱分析、薄片镜下鉴定与野外地质调查相结合的方法完善解译结果。岩性提取结果显示,小赛什腾山东侧新发现“U”型条带,为辉长岩—英云闪长岩—二长花岗岩,重新圈定达肯大坂群第三岩组和第四岩组,滩间山群一组,花岗岩,二长花岗岩,黑云母花岗岩,流纹岩,似斑状石英闪长岩,石英闪长岩,英云闪长岩,辉长闪长岩和辉长岩等岩石的边界。此次基于多源遥感数据岩性识别方法研究对青海赛什腾地区野外地质调查工作具有指导意义,可为高山峡谷区地质填图提供技术参考。 相似文献
11.
12.
In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate land surface temperatures (LST) and spectral emissivities over a hard
rock terrain using multi-sensor satellite data. The study area, of about 6000 km2, is a part of Singhbhum-Orissa craton situated in the eastern part of India. TIR data from ASTER, MODIS and Landsat ETM+
have been used in the present study. Telatemp Model AG-42D Portable Infrared Thermometer was used for ground measurements
to validate the results derived from satellite (MODIS/ASTER) data. LSTs derived using Landsat ETM+ data of two different dates
have been compared with the satellite data (ASTER and MODIS) of those two dates. Various techniques, viz., temperature and
emissivity separation (TES) algorithm, gray body adjustment approach in TES algorithm, Split-Window algorithms and Single
Channel algorithm along with NDVI based emissivity approach have been used. LSTs derived from bands 31 and 32 of MODIS data
using Split-Window algorithms with higher viewing angle (50°) (LST1 and LST2) are found to have closer agreement with ground
temperature measurements (ground LST) over waterbody, Dalma forest and Simlipal forest, than that derived from ASTER data
(TES with AST 13). However, over agriculture land, there is some uncertainty and difference between the measured and the estimated
LSTs for both validation dates for all the derived LSTs. LST obtained using Single Channel algorithm with NDVI based emissivity
method in channel 13 of ASTER data has yielded closer agreement with ground measurements recorded over vegetation and mixed
lands of low spectral contrast. LST results obtained with TIR band 6 of Landsat ETM+ using Single Channel algorithm show close
agreement over Dalma forest, Simlipal forest and waterbody with LSTs obtained using MODIS and ASTER data for a different date.
Comparison of LSTs shows good agreement with ground measurements in thermally homogeneous area. However, results in agriculture
area with less homogeneity show difference of LST up to 2°C. The results of the present study indicate that continuous monitoring
of LST and emissivity can be undertaken with the aid of multi-sensor satellite data over a thermally homogeneous region. 相似文献
13.
Adel Zein Bishta 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(23):755
Multispectral, multiresolution remotely sensed data were processed to emphasize geological interpretation of Jabal Daf-Wadi Fatima area. The investigated area is situated in the central western part of Saudi Arabia and geologically consists of igneous and metamorphosed rocks overlain by sedimentary sequence belonging to the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Three sets of digital satellite data, Landsat-7 ETM+, ASTER, and SPOT-5, were used in this study. The application of image processing techniques enables to identify and delineate the lithologic units and the structural features of the study area. The results of this study indicate that the confusion matrix of the three maximum likelihood supervised classifications of the three datasets shows that the Landsat ETM+ bands scored the best degree of average and overall accuracy (77 and 78%, respectively). This classification distinguishes most of the rock units for mapping in the investigated area. The supervised classification of ASTER and SPOT bands has lower degrees of accuracy than the classified Landsat data. The supervised classification of SPOT bands has a degree of average and overall accuracy of 66 and 67%, respectively, but it is the best for distinguishing the spectral signatures of the different members of Fatima Formation (lower, middle, and upper members). The statistical analyses of the confusion matrices of classifications and the interpretation of the produced classified thematic maps revealed that the classification accuracy does not necessary depend on the spatial resolution of satellite data. The data of the highest spatial resolution such as SPOT data are also very useful in emphasizing and classifying the rock units of a small outcrop area. The detailed geological map of Jabal Daf-Wadi Fatima area is interpreted in this work from supervised classified images of different resolutions as well as the structure map of this area. This study shows that it is preferable to use the supervised classifications of multiresolution data for rock unit discrimination in detailed field mapping. 相似文献
14.
基于ASTER光谱特征的科技廊带岩性填图:以新疆塔什库尔干地区为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
科技廊带填图是以解决关键地质问题为目的填图方式,但部分地区海拔高差大,交通不便,给填图工作造成巨大困难。遥感岩性解译可为填图工作提供重要参考。然而,当前主流的遥感岩性解译方法仍是基于地貌纹理等间接解译标志开展的。相对而言,矿物岩石光谱特征作为最为直接和准确的遥感岩性解译标志却少有实例报道。本文基于ASTER遥感影像和岩石光谱特征分析,对部分地区海拔高差较大的新疆塔什库尔干地区进行岩性解译工作,以检验其适用性。在野外工作对研究区岩性类型进行识别和鉴定的基础上,ASTER光谱分析成果影像可较准确显示区内主要岩性类型的地表出露。其中,ASTER热红外波段比可反映区内中高级变质岩、花岗岩类及碳酸盐岩的整体分布特征;在此基础上,ASTER可见光-近红外及短波红外波段比可准确鉴定与Fe~(3+)、Fe~(2+)-硅酸盐、Al-OH、Mg-OH等成分相关的矿物组成(如绿泥石、白云母及石榴子石等),从而对地表岩性出露进行更为细致的识别和分类。研究结果表明基于ASTER光谱特征的岩性填图方法在新疆、西藏等地区有天然的实用性,既可克服区内海拔高、交通不便等困难,又可准确指示地表关键岩性类型的出露情况,可作为科技廊带填图及地质研究工作的重要手段。 相似文献
15.
以西昆仑造山带西段阿勒塔什地区为例,在缺少地表各岩石单元样品的情况下,对ASTER VNIR-SWIR波段反射率数据进行处理,提取岩性信息。首先对VNIR-SWIR多波段反射率数据进行最佳指数因子(IOIF)运算,得出最佳波段组合Band7-Band4-Band3,从其假彩色合成图像上只能识别少量岩性单元;为了减少高相关性波段之间的信息冗余度、并对波段信息进行集成,后对ASTERVNIR-SWIR波段反射率数据采用主成分变换并进行彩色合成,该图像能详细划分研究区多种岩性单元,如元古宙岩层、志留纪岩层、二长花岗岩岩体和英云闪长岩岩体,以及微观地质信息,如侵入岩热接触变质带、小型岩株和岩性界线。对比已有少量地质资料,认为提取结果可靠,为野外地质制图工作能提供超前信息。 相似文献
16.
This study demonstrates the use of ASTER data for the mapping of gypsum deposits and associated geological formations that occurred in the Thumrait region of southern Oman. The measurement of spectra over samples of gypsum in the 1,300–2,500 nm wavelength using a PIMA spectrometer showed the presence of distinct absorptions at 1400–1600, 1750, 1940, 2,100, and 2,400 nm characteristics to O? H stretching, H2O combinations, and S? O bending overtones and stretching, respectively. Studying the unique spectral absorption characters of gypsum samples, we developed a false color composite (FCC) and an image by decorrelation stretch using the spectral bands 7, 3, and 2 of ASTER. The results FCC showed the regions of gypsum occurrences, and the decorrelated image discriminated the gypsum occurrences from other geological formations of the area. The study of surface mineralogy of the region using the VNIR‐SWIR bands by the spectral angle mapper method showed the presence of sulfate, carbonate, and clay minerals of the geological formations in the study area. We compared the results of ASTER with the results obtained using spectral bands 12, 8, and 4 of Sentinel‐2A processed by the same methods. The study showed that the spectral bands of ASTER can be used for mapping the gypsum and associated geological formations. 相似文献
17.
多光谱遥感技术预测矿产资源的潜能——以蒙古国欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿床为例 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
建议把蚀变遥感异常作为一个新的找矿参数,文中讨论了蚀变遥感异常的地质基础和光谱前提。在矿床地质学和蚀变矿物光谱参数特征的基础上,编制了一张用于蚀变遥感异常提取及对其地质解释的表格。设计了从ETM+和ASTER数据中提取羟基蚀变矿物组合信息的独特流程方案。这个方案称之为"去干扰异常主分量门限化技术",文中示以简化的流程图。ETM+数据用来研究位于欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿床东北部的汉保各德中酸性火成杂岩体岩性特征,ASTER近红外和短波红外数据用来提取欧玉陶勒盖斑岩铜金矿矿床及其近区的羟基异常,通过选择性主分量分析判断欧玉陶勒盖铜金矿矿床的矿床类型为斑岩型。已知矿区各矿体的羟基异常都十分清晰,此外在矿床西部还发现了三个新的有希望的羟基异常。此工作进一步展示出多光谱遥感技术对于金属矿床的预测具有极好的潜能。 相似文献
18.
This study is an attempt to understand the application of spectral image processing methods to ASTER data for mapping host rock associated with porphyry copper-molybdenum mineralization. The application of remote sensing in identifying variations in surface mineralogy, structural elements, and lithologic contacts can help in identifying such relations. Signatures collected from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data is used to map the host rock of Zafarqand area. The study area is located in the central segment of the Urumieh–Dokhtar volcanic belt of Iran. The Urumieh-Dokhtar is a potential zone for exploration of new porphyry copper deposits. Band ratio, band math, false colour composites and principal component analysis techniques are used to refine the different lithologic units in the area. These methods showed the discrimination of acidic igneous rock from intermediate igneous rock and the boundary between igneous rocks using the shortwave infrared bands (SWIR) of ASTER at regional scale. Results have proven to be effective and in accordance with the results of field observations, ore microscopy examination and with reference geological map. In conclusion, the image processing methods used can provide cost-effective information to discover possible locations of porphyry copper and epithermal gold mineralization prior to detailed and costly ground investigations. The extraction of spectral information from ASTER data can produce comprehensive and accurate information for copper and gold resource investigations around the world, including those yet to be discovered. 相似文献