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1.
阿尔泰山的地质构造特点决定了区内砂金物质来源的丰富性,为砂金矿的形成奠定了坚实的物质基础.中生代至第三纪山体长期处于准平原化过程中,伴随着古风化壳的发育,金出现次生富集.新构造运动和第四纪古冰川作用不仅使准平原地形遭受破坏,含金地质体被侵蚀而为砂金成矿提供充足的碎屑物,同时也为金的运移、富集和保存创造了条件.阿尔泰山第四纪砂金矿即是上述有利因素综合作用的结果. 相似文献
2.
阿尔泰山砂金资源丰富,类型多样,按其成因可分为残积砂金矿、冲积砂金矿、洪积砂金矿、冰川-冰水砂金矿、风积砂金矿和复合型砂金矿六大类。不同类型砂金矿形成环境不同,砂金成矿规律也不一样.受成矿条件影响,阿尔泰山砂金矿的分布以垂直分带性为其主要特点.高山带砂金矿以冰川-冰水型为主;中山带冲积砂金矿最为发育;低山丘陵区集中分布残、洪积砂金矿;山前平原则发育风、洪积砂金矿。 相似文献
3.
砂金矿主要是由砾石、砂、粘土组成的碎屑沉积物,其中含有自然金及其他一些伴生重矿物。本文主要通过对阿尔泰山砂金的理化特征及其伴生矿物进行分析,初步认为阿尔泰山砂金化学成分复杂、粒度、形态各异、成色很高。砂金的理化特征不仅可以反映砂金的成因和形成环境。而且对砂金矿的形成,类型及物源分析也具重要意义。在阿尔泰山部分地区,重矿物组合对寻找砂金可具有指示意义。 相似文献
4.
本文着重对阿尔泰山砂金矿区沉积地层和地貌的研究,反映出阿尔泰山第四纪以来的气候波动状况,并分析其与砂金矿形成的关系。认为温暖湿润的适宜期往往与砂金的成矿期相一致,对应着温湿的气候期主要有早更新世成矿期,中更新世最大间冰期成矿期和晚更新世多期次成矿期. 相似文献
5.
阿尔泰山砂金分布同阿尔泰山北西构造带、花岗岩体、含金矿化带、含金蚀变带和基岩等的分布密切相关;并与古风化壳分布一致.到目前为止,虽未发现原生金矿床,但含金地质体分布却较为普遍。由于经过地质时期的长期风化,特别是第三纪的化学风化作用,释放出大量的金元素与金粒,为阿尔泰山砂金提供了丰富的物质来源;表明原生金矿并不是砂金物质的唯一来源。 相似文献
6.
阿尔泰山砂金矿物质来源初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
阿尔泰山砂金矿,分布广泛,开采历史悠久。但对砂金矿的物质来源缺乏系统的研究。本文从阿尔泰山的地质发展史、砂金矿的地质构造和成因机制等方面的探讨,认为阿尔泰山砂金矿有四种原生金源:低含金矿化带、原生金矿床、伴生金和含金地层。它们经过中、新生代长期风化剥蚀和富集,构成了砂金矿的物质来源。据目前已知情况,其中低含金矿化带是最主要的金源。 相似文献
7.
冲积砂金矿是阿尔泰山最重要、最有价值的砂金矿,具有矿体稳定、规模较大、品位较高、易于开采等特点.本文通过对阿尔泰山大量冲积型砂金矿的研究和分析,探讨阿尔泰山冲积砂金矿的砂金富集规律. 相似文献
8.
阿尔泰山广布着较深厚的古风化壳,金源就主要来自低品位含金地质体的古风化壳和金矿床氧化带,这在阿尔泰山砂金的成矿机制和控矿条件方面具有很重要的意义.同时阿尔泰山伟晶岩脉成群成带展布,又构成了著名的阿尔泰-富蕴伟晶岩成矿带,具备了较多的气-热液型和变质型等多种宝石矿床,经长期的外生风化作用,为外生宝石矿提供了丰富的物源.研究表明,阿尔泰山古风化壳是砂金和宝石我矿的重要标志之一。 相似文献
9.
10.
新疆东昆仑东部砂金分布及成因探讨 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过对新疆东昆仑东部地区砂金资源的野外实地调查,研究了区内砂金的分布类型,总结分析了砂金分布特征及规律。在成矿地质背景分析基础上,结合本地地理环境特点,气候特点,提出该区砂金的分布及形成与区内特定的高寒环境相关,并对原生金的寻找远景进行了初步评价。 相似文献
11.
新疆阿尔泰山东段冰碛物光释光测年研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
冰川是塑造地表形态最积极的外营力之一,对冰川地貌的年代学研究是重建古冰川发展史的关键,也是研究气候变化的重要途径。冰碛物是冰川作用的直接产物,代表过去发生的冰川事件,对冰碛物进行准确测年能够为重建古冰川的进退、理解区域古气候变化提供年代学支撑。本文在新疆阿尔泰山东段采集了8个冰碛物样品以进行光释光测年,利用单片再生剂量法对90~125 μm的石英颗粒进行等效剂量的测定。通过等效剂量值频率分布特征及De（t）坪区图分析得出大部分冰碛物的光释光信号晒退不彻底,所以利用一阶动力学公式对持续激发的光释光信号晒退曲线（CW-OSL）进行多组分拟合拆分,得到快速、中速、慢速3种组分,依据分离出的快速组分确定等效剂量值。研究结果显示,距今32 ka以来阿尔泰山东段区域在MIS3阶段、MIS2阶段、8.2 ka左右、全新世大暖期及新冰期等5个时段有冰川发育,冰川发育与气候变化密切相关。 相似文献
12.
Evaluation of Weights of Evidence to Predict Epithermal-Gold Deposits in the Great Basin of the Western United States 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The weights-of-evidence method provides a simple approach to the integration of diverse geologic information. The application addressed is to construct a model that predicts the locations of epithermal-gold mineral deposits in the Great Basin of the western United States. Weights of evidence is a data-driven method requiring known deposits and occurrences that are used as training sites in the evaluated area. Four hundred and fifteen known hot spring gold–silver, Comstock vein, hot spring mercury, epithermal manganese, and volcanogenic uranium deposits and occurrences in Nevada were used to define an area of 327.4 km2 as training sites to develop the model. The model consists of nine weighted-map patterns that are combined to produce a favorability map predicting the distribution of epithermal-gold deposits. Using a measure of the association of training sites with predictor features (or patterns), the patterns can be ranked from best to worst predictors. Based on proximity analysis, the strongest predictor is the area within 8 km of volcanic rocks younger than 43 Ma. Being close to volcanic rocks is not highly weighted, but being far from volcanic rocks causes a strong negative weight. These weights suggest that proximity to volcanic rocks define where deposits do not occur. The second best pattern is the area within 1 km of hydrothermally altered areas. The next best pattern is the area within 1 km of known placer-gold sites. The proximity analysis for gold placers weights this pattern as useful when close to known placer sites, but unimportant where placers do not exist. The remaining patterns are significantly weaker predictors. In order of decreasing correlation, they are: proximity to volcanic vents, proximity to east-west to northwest faults, elevated airborne radiometric uranium, proximity to northwest to west and north-northwest linear features, elevated aeromagnetics, and anomalous geochemistry. This ordering of the patterns is a function of the quality, applicability, and use of the data. The nine-pattern favorability map can be evaluated by comparison with the USGS National Assessment for hot spring gold–silver deposits. The Spearman's ranked correlation coefficient between the favorability and the National Assessment permissive tracts is 0.5. Tabulations of the areas of agreement and disagreement between the two maps show 74% agreement for the Great Basin. The posterior probabilities for 51 significant deposits in the Great Basin, both used and not used in the model, show the following: 26 classified as favorable; 25 classified as permissive; and 1, Florida Canyon, classified as nonpermissive.The Florida Canyon deposit has a low favorability because there are no volcanic rocks near the deposit on the Nevada geologic map used. The largest areas of disagreement are caused by the USGS National Assessment team concluding that volcanic rocks older than 27 Ma in Nevada are not permissive, which was not assumed in this model. The weights-of-evidence model is evaluated as reasonable and delineates permissive areas for epithermal deposits comparable to expert's delineation. The weights-of-evidence model has the additional characteristics that it is well defined, reproducible, objective, and provides a quantitative measure of confidence. 相似文献
13.
新疆地区表土孢粉空间分布规律研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
中国新疆地区表土花粉研究结果展示了干旱区主要孢粉的空间分布规律,大部分表土花粉属种的地理空间分布与含量与相应植物的分布区域基本一致,藜科、蒿属、麻黄属及木本植物云杉属、桦木属等花粉普遍呈超代表性,柽柳属花粉呈低代表性。干旱区主要草灌木表土花粉数据的聚类分析结果可以基本反映本区植物群落的主要生态组合类型。主成分分析进一步表明该区草本和灌木花粉分布主要受水文和湿度等因素控制。 相似文献
14.
A number of large and giant ore deposits have been discovered within the relatively small areas of lithospheric structure anomalies, including various boundary zones of tectonic plates. The regions have become the well-known intercontinental ore-forming belts, such as the circum-Pacific gold–copper, copper–molybdenum, and tungsten–tin metallogenic belts. These belts are typical geological anomalous areas. An investigation into the hydrothermal ore deposits in different regions in the former Soviet Union illustrated that the geologic structures of ore fields of almost all major commercial deposits have distinct features compared with the neighboring areas. These areas with distinct features are defined as geo-anomalies. A geo-anomaly refers to such a geologic body or a combination of bodies that their composition, texture–structure, and genesis are significantly different from those of their surroundings. A geo-anomaly unit (GU) is an area containing distinct features that can be delineated with integrated ore-forming information using computer techniques on the basis of the geo-anomaly concept. Herein, the GU concept is illustrated by a case study of delineating the gold ore targets in the western Shandong uplift terrain, eastern China. It includes: (1) analyses of gold ore-forming factors; (2) compilation of normalized regional geochemical map and extraction of geochemical anomalies; (3) compilation of gravitational and aeromagnetic tectonic skeleton map and extraction of gravitational and aeromagnetic anomalies; (4) extraction of circular and linear anomalies from remote-sensing Landsat TM images; (5) establishment of a geo-anomaly conceptual model associated with known gold mineralization; (6) establishment of gold ore-forming favorability by computing techniques; and (7) delineation and assessment of ore-forming units. The units with high favorability are suggested as ore targets. 相似文献
15.
A geologic anomaly is a geologic feature or structure that departs markedly from its surrounding environment with respect
to composition, texture, or genesis. The analysis of geologic anomalies related to mineralization is based upon specific geologic
factors and a combination of features, such as structural, temporal, and spatial, and draws upon special effects that are
due to ore-forming processes. An analysis of the geologic anomalies in the, middle-lower Yangtze area in southeastern China
has led to an interpretation of the relation between anomaly subtypes and the occurrence and spatial distribution of ore deposits.
Consequently, the following conclusions have been reached: the type of anomaly reflects the controlling factors that led to
the formation of iron, copper, and gold deposits in the area; sedimentary geologic anomalies are most closely associated with
stratiform deposits; structral complexity anomalies are most closely associated with Cu−Fe−Au deposits; magmatic anomalies
reflect geologic processes in which Fe and Cu elements were separated from magma and enriched into ores; and the geologic
combination entropy anomaly is proposed as a comprehensive variable that is related to favorable ore-forming environments
and that can serve as a quantitative index that can be used in mineral exploration. 相似文献
16.
利用阿勒泰地区3个采样点的西伯利亚云杉（Picea obovata）树轮样本,建立了区域树轮宽度标准化年表。单相关普查发现,阿勒泰地区区域树轮宽度标准化年表与该区域5个气象站上年7月至当年6月降水量相关显著（R=0.714,P<0.00001）。用区域树轮宽度标准化年表可较好地重建该区域上年7月至当年6月的降水量,解释方差达51.0%,验证表明降水重建序列是可信的。重建序列经历了4个偏湿期和4个偏干期。存在2.2～2.5 a的显著周期（P<0.05）及146、2.8、2.1、2.0 a的较显著周期。在1889年发生从少到多的突变。空间相关分析表明重建结果对阿勒泰地区降水具有较好的代表性。重建结果与阿尔泰山、天山中部地区、吉尔吉斯斯坦东部天山北坡的降水变化趋势和干湿阶段具有较好的一致性,与PDSI变化趋势也有较好的一致性。 相似文献
17.
Deborah L. Elliott-Fisk 《自然地理学》2013,34(4):299-323
The White Mountains, astride the California-Nevada stateline, are the highest and westernmost of the Great Basin ranges. This range was extensively glaciated during the Quaternary Period. Glacial landforms and scattered erratics were identified in the field using primarily morpho-and lithostratigraphic criteria, and mapped on aerial photographs and topographic maps. Topographic characteristics of the glacial deposits were analyzed using standard statistical procedures. A sequence of glacial deposits was identified in terms of six glacial stages, these glaciations named according to type site, and relative ages inferred. With the exception of perched Stage I (early) deposits along the range crest, reconstructed equilibrium-line altitudes and elevation of the glacier termini increase to the present, with glacier length and inferred size decreasing through time. Preliminary data suggest that weathering and pedogenesis are also progressive, though environmental gradients mask some of these distinctions between deposits. It is hypothesized that the White Mountains have a similar glacial chronology to the adjacent Sierra Nevada, but that with the intensification of the Sierran rainshadow during the Quaternary, the extent of glaciation in the White Mountains apparently decreased through time owing to regional tectonic uplift. This had led to the preservation of a more complete sequence of glacial deposits than in the Sierra Nevada, making the delineation of multiple mid-Quaternary events possible in many valleys. Further radiometric and chronometric dating of these deposits is in progress. [Key words: Glaciation, Quaternary, glacial geomorphology, White Mountains, California, Nevada. 相似文献
18.
利用1959年地形图、2008年ASTER数字遥感影像及数字高程模型,在地理信息系统技术支持下分析了新疆阿尔泰山友谊峰地区冰川的变化特征。研究表明：1959-2008年该区冰川整体呈萎缩趋势,且变化幅度相对较大。相对于1959年,2008年冰川面积和数量分别变化-32.5%和-27.9%。其中,小于1 km2的冰川面积平均变化率为-66.7%,面积小于0.5 km2的冰川面积变化率大于-70%,面积大于1 km2以上的冰川面积变化率为-35.0%,1~5 km2的冰川面积变化率为-27.9%。冰川末端平均后退253 m,末端退缩比例为-18.3%,且南坡冰川末端变化率大于北坡。分析发现,研究区冰川面积亏损较大主要缘于该区小冰川分布数量较多（面积小于1 km2的冰川数量达75%),对气候变化的响应较为敏感。 相似文献
19.
全球升温导致区域干湿格局转变,千年尺度中全新世暖期和百年尺度中世纪暖期可以为探究现代的气候趋势提供历史相似型。通过湖相沉积、冰芯、孢粉、树轮等古气候记录和PMIP3/CMIP5计划的古气候模型模拟数据对比分析,结果表明,祁连山地区中全新世暖期（7.2—6.0 ka BP）东亚夏季风强盛,降水较多,气候温暖湿润;中世纪暖期（950—1250 AD）与小冰期表现为暖干—冷湿气候机制。现代观测数据显示,祁连山地区呈现暖湿化,但现代的气候机制与自然因子主导下暖期的响应机制差异较大,表明了人类活动对自然发展下气候环境的影响。因此,自然因素与人类活动共同作用是准确预测研究区未来干湿格局的基础。 相似文献