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采用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱技术开展了依兰煤田达连河组油页岩的生物标志化合物特征研究.饱和烃气相色谱显示,达连河组油页岩有机质具有混合来源.中部厚层油页岩样品奇偶优势(OEP)值普遍大于2.4,表明其成熟度相对较低,而煤层间厚层油页岩的OEP均小于2.4,表明随深度的增加其成熟度相对较高.中部厚层油页岩段样品的Pr/Ph值均大于0.8,含煤段油页岩样品的Pr/Ph值均大于2.8.综合分析认为,达连河组下部含煤段油页岩层有机质丰度高,水生低等生物对有机质贡献较大,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ1型,具有姥鲛烷优势,为弱氧化—弱还原、淡水湖沼相沉积;中部厚层油页岩段有机质类型主要为Ⅱ1型、Ⅱ2型,具有姥植均势,反映了淡水—微咸水深湖相环境. 相似文献
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为了深入分析油页岩发育特征对古环境的指示作用,为油页岩资源评价提供理论指导,选取沁水盆地中部新近系张村组油页岩为研究对象,采用岩石热解、有机碳测定、X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）测试等方法分析油页岩有机地球学和元素地球化学特征,探讨沉积期的古气候和古地理环境。结果表明,张村组油页岩含油率较低,为4.15%;干酪根类型为标准腐泥型（I1）,埋藏较浅,生烃潜力较高;样品的微量元素富集指数和地球化学参数特征显示,张村组油页岩有机质为混合来源,湖泊自身生产力提供主要物质基础;沉积期气候温暖湿润,盆地内水体由盐湖逐渐淡化,油页岩形成于水体分层不强的厌氧、深湖环境。油页岩的地球化学特征与沉积期的古气候、古地理环境具有较好耦合性。 相似文献
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为了研究依兰盆地始新统达连河组油页岩的品质及沉积环境,通过对研究区样品的含油率、总有机碳、岩石热解、生物标志化合物的分析,讨论了油页岩的有机地球化学特征、生烃潜力、有机质来源和沉积环境。结果表明：达连河组发育油页岩段半深湖相和含煤段湖沼相两种类型油页岩。油页岩段油页岩含油率为3.55%～4.18%,w(TOC)为9.00%～10.55%,有机质类型为Ⅱ1型;含煤段油页岩含油率为3.85%～18.57%,w(TOC)为8.90%～30.10%,有机质类型为Ⅰ—Ⅱ1型,具有更大的生烃潜力。最大热解峰温Tmax(425～440℃)低、碳优势指数CPI(1.32～1.68)大、C29 20S/(20S+20R)值低、C29ββ/(αα+ββ)值低和Ts/Tm低,指示两种类型的油页岩有机质均处于未成熟阶段。正构烷烃主峰碳为C27或C29,CPI平均值为1.50,呈现单峰、后峰式的奇碳数优势,Pr/Ph(平均值为3.16)指示姥鲛烷占优势。正构烷... 相似文献
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松辽盆地嫩江组一段和二段发育的油页岩是极其优质烃源岩, 生物标志化合物参数指示油页岩母质生源主要来自于水生生物其繁盛受温湿气候和湖泊富营养化控制.岩石学、元素地球化学、生物标志化合物等参数表明, 高盐和缺氧条件下的稳定水体分层是嫩一段油页岩沉积时期有机质保存的主控因素, 而嫩二段油页岩沉积时期水体盐度分层明显减弱, 此时藻类个体增大和孤立藻数量增多条件下的高生物生产力有利于有机质富集.为揭示嫩江组不同沉积环境下油页岩发育的控制因素, 建立了嫩一段油页岩沉积时期保存条件控制和嫩二段油页岩沉积时期生物生产力控制的两种有机质富集模式, 这对含氧淡水大型陆相湖泊的有机质富集成因探讨具有重要借鉴意义. 相似文献
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松辽盆地嫩江组一段和二段发育的油页岩是极其优质烃源岩,生物标志化合物参数指示油页岩母质生源主要来自于水生生物其繁盛受温湿气候和湖泊富营养化控制.岩石学、元素地球化学、生物标志化合物等参数表明,高盐和缺氧条件下的稳定水体分层是嫩一段油页岩沉积时期有机质保存的主控因素,而嫩二段油页岩沉积时期水体盐度分层明显减弱,此时藻类个体增大和孤立藻数量增多条件下的高生物生产力有利于有机质富集.为揭示嫩江组不同沉积环境下油页岩发育的控制因素,建立了嫩一段油页岩沉积时期保存条件控制和嫩二段油页岩沉积时期生物生产力控制的两种有机质富集模式,这对含氧淡水大型陆相湖泊的有机质富集成因探讨具有重要借鉴意义. 相似文献
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桦甸盆地桦甸组与美国犹他盆地绿河组油页岩生物标志化合物特征对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在野外地质考察、岩心观察和大量测试数据分析的基础上,对我国东北地区桦甸盆地始新统桦甸组和美国犹他盆地始新统绿河组油页岩中类异戊二烯烷烃、甾类和萜类等生物标志化合物特征进行了详细的对比研究,并探讨其对两地油页岩在有机质来源及古沉积环境上的差异指示意义。结果表明:在GC谱图上,桦甸油页岩Pr/Ph为1.47～2.03,具姥鲛烷优势;而绿河油页岩Pr/Ph为0.34～0.44,具植烷优势。GC-MS分析表明:桦甸油页岩规则甾烷C27-C28-C29呈反"L"型分布,∑(C27+C28)/∑C29为0.63～2.52;绿河油页岩规则甾烷C27-C28-C29呈钝角不对称"V"型分布,∑(C27+C28)/∑C29为0.96～1.20。桦甸油页岩萜类化合物中萜烯>ββ构型霍烷>αβ构型霍烷,以C29萜烯占优势;绿河油页岩中五环三萜烷>三环萜烷>四环萜烷,并检出丰富的γ-蜡烷和β-胡萝卜烷。两地油页岩生物标志化合物特征参数的对比分析揭示:桦甸油页岩为水生生物和高等植物双重生源,但细菌及藻类等水生生物的贡献较大,主要形成于弱还原淡水沉积环境;绿河油页岩有机质来源主要为细菌和藻类等水生生物,主要形成于强还原咸水沉积环境。 相似文献
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烷基苯系列化合物广泛分布在岩石圈中,但其母质来源和指示意义仍存在一定争议。对四川盆地晚三叠世须家河组和鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长组烃源岩样品进行了岩石热解及GC-MS（GC-MS-MS）分析,检测出一系列的长直链烷基苯及其异构体。烃源岩基本地球化学参数表明四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地样品均遭受过较强程度的微生物降解作用,有机质类型以腐殖腐泥型为主,埋藏期间经历过一定程度的黏土矿物催化作用,以弱氧化的淡水沉积为主。此外,两个研究区样品中长直链烷基苯及其异构体的相对含量呈现出相反的分布模式,在前人研究基础上并结合研究区烃源岩沉积环境和热演化背景,认为烷基苯系列化合物可能来自于类脂化合物（如脂肪酸和脂肪醇）或简单芳烃化合物与类脂化合物的反应,且热作用会导致长直链烷基苯向其异构体转化。综合以上研究表明长直链烷基苯及其异构体可以作为一种指示有机质热演化程度和母质来源的有效参数。 相似文献
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论述了达连河含煤段油页岩及油页岩段油页岩的地球化学特征,探讨了两套油页岩成因。这两套油页岩地球化学性质有很多相似之处,主要表现为油页岩都属于中熔或难熔的硅质灰分,SiO2、Al2O3及Fe2O3含量很高;无机元素 Mn/Ti小于0.1,Sr/Ba为0.1～0.5,V/Ni为2.6～7.0;有机质类型以腐泥腐殖型为主,正构烷烃OEP值为1.55～3.67,具奇碳数优势,主峰碳为nC23和C29,Pr/Ph比值平均高达2.30,具强烈的姥鲛烷优势,Pr/nC17比值为1.18～3.20,说明这两套油页岩都形成于淡水、近岸及弱氧化-弱还原的湖沼相沉积环境。但含煤段油页岩沉积时期高温、湿润的古气候条件下的喜湿植物面貌,使油页岩母质类型具有较多的富氢组分,这是造成两套油页岩品质差异的主要原因。 相似文献
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查明油页岩的形成背景和高品质油页岩形成机制是开展油页岩原位改造的基础工作.利用有机碳、主微量元素、稀土元素、生物标志物等地球化学方法,对茂名盆地油柑窝组油页岩的沉积环境进行恢复并探讨了有机质聚集机制.结果表明,茂名盆地油柑窝组全段油页岩均富有机质,底部为薄层碳质页岩、砂岩和褐煤层段.Mo含量、Ba/Al、Babio和生物标志物特征表明油柑窝组具有很高的初级生产力,油柑窝组存在间断性的“藻类勃发”现象;V/(V+Ni)、Ceanom、Th/U、草莓体黄铁矿颗粒大小和Pr/n C17-Ph/n C18交汇图表明了沉积水体处于缺氧还原环境;Sr/Cu、Rb/Sr和气候指数C指示油柑窝组为温暖湿润的古气候条件;Sr/Ba、Ba/Ga、Ca/(Fe+Ca)、Al2O3/Mg O以及伽马蜡烷等特征反映了古湖泊水体为淡水;Zr/Al、Rb/K和Mn O含量指示为半深湖-深湖沉积环境.通过各指标与TOC含量之间的相关性分析,认为温暖湿润气候和淡水环境为藻类的繁盛提供了良好... 相似文献
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针对茂名盆地油页岩成矿机理问题,利用茂名盆地羊角含矿区始新统油柑窝组油页岩莱科（Leco）、热解、含油率以及生物标志化合物等分析,研究了其有机地球化学特征,讨论了油页岩有机质来源与沉积环境。结果表明：油柑窝组油页岩有机质丰度高,有机质类型为Ⅰ-Ⅱ1型,含油率平均为5.98%,属品质中等偏好型;碳优势指数（ICP）值（3.73~4.37）、奇偶优势（OEP）值（7.59~9.57）、较小甾烷C29ααα20S/（20S+20R）、较低Ts/（Ts+Tm）以及最高热解峰温（Tmax）值（428.00~434.00℃）均指示油柑窝组油页岩热演化处于未成熟阶段。正构烷烃气相色谱（GC）图显示为单峰式,主碳峰为C27;∑C21-/∑C22+与∑C21+22/∑C28+29均呈现低值,ICP与OEP呈现高值,高碳数藿烷系列含量丰富,三环萜烷含量较低,未检测出奥利烷和羽扇烷等非藿类化合物,综合C27-C28-C29规则甾烷相对含量特征,确定油柑窝组油页岩有机质来源主要为湖相藻类体以及细菌、浮游生物与陆生植物混合来源。总有机碳质量分数/全硫质量分数（TOC/S）值（41.14~170.08）、姥鲛烷/植烷（Pr/Ph）值（0.82~1.30）以及重排甾烷/规则甾烷值（0.06~1.10）指示油页岩沉积时水体为淡水、还原环境。在亚热带—温带温暖-湿润气候背景下,藻类等水生生物勃发引起的高湖泊生产力和淡水、还原环境是茂名盆地油柑窝组油页岩成矿的有利条件。 相似文献
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尤因塔盆地P. R.泉位于美国犹他州东北部,油砂资源丰富,油砂矿藏面积约650 km2,油砂储量约6. 76 × 108 t,储层为始新统绿河组湖泊三角洲相砂体。晚白垩世到古近纪拉拉米运动使盆地由海相转变为陆相盆地。古新世末-始新世,尤因塔湖在盆地内分布广泛,并沉积了两套巨厚的绿河组烃源岩。其中绿河组上部的中始新统烃源岩厚达150 m,有机质丰富,且仍处于低熟阶段,约30 Ma 以来,产生了大量的低熟油。P. R.泉油砂矿藏为斜坡降解型成藏模式,发育5 套广布的三角洲砂体,储层物性好。绿河组上部烃源岩生成的低熟油沿着深入烃源岩中的连续砂体经过长距离的运移,进入 P. R.泉绿河组三角洲的砂岩储层中,经过生物降解和水洗作用最终形成油砂矿藏。 相似文献
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为了进行陆相断陷湖盆泥页岩细粒混积岩有利岩相预测,以指导页岩油气有利目标优选,综合运用岩心、薄片、全岩衍射、元素、古生物等资料,系统进行了东营凹陷沙四上亚段泥页岩细粒混积岩沉积环境恢复、岩相精细表征,揭示了沉积环境对岩相及其组合、分布的控制作用.研究表明,东营凹陷沙四上亚段泥页岩细粒混积岩沉积期整体上表现为气候由半湿润向湿润转化,自下而上显示碎屑物源输入量在增加、水体水深加大、盐度降低、还原性减弱的过程;有序复杂多变的沉积环境一定程度上控制了泥页岩细粒混积岩沉积组构复杂性,进而控制了细粒混积岩相的多样性、组合和分布规律性.建立基于“岩石组分、沉积构造、灰质结构和有机质丰度”四端元划分方案,将东营凹陷沙四上亚段泥页岩细粒混积岩划分为20类,实现了复杂细粒混积岩岩相划分;半湿润少物源条件下,浅湖强还原盐水环境主要发育膏盐、含有机质层状膏质泥岩和含有机质层状泥质灰（云）岩相组合,半深湖强还原咸水环境主要发育富有机质纹层状微晶泥质灰岩和富有机质纹层状灰质泥岩频繁互层岩相组合,半深湖强还原半咸水环境主要发育富有机质水平泥晶纹层泥质灰岩和富有机质纹层灰质泥岩频繁互层岩相组合,深湖还原半咸水环境主要发育富有机质层状泥质灰岩夹富有机质层状灰质泥岩相组合;湿润多物源条件下,深湖强还原半咸水环境主要发育富有机质层状泥质灰岩和富有机质层状灰质泥岩频繁互层岩相组合,深湖还原半咸水环境主要发育富有机质层状灰质泥岩夹富有机质层状泥质灰岩相组合. 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷风城组页岩油勘探取得巨大突破,但是按照普遍认可的页岩油烃源岩评价标准,本区的烃源岩品质并不理想。为了科学评价玛湖凹陷烃源岩品质特征,本文在系统的岩心观察和有机地球化学分析的基础上,揭示烃源岩的形成环境,并按照矿物组成对烃源岩分类评价。玛湖凹陷风城组细粒岩主要沉积于正常半深湖、咸化半深湖、半咸化半深湖、含热液半深湖和滨浅湖环境中,各环境中细粒岩的有机质特征存在一定区别,其中半咸化半深湖有机质较为富集,w (TOC)均值在1%左右。进一步结合有机质类型判别图解,表明咸化半深湖和含热液半深湖有机质来源以湖泊生物为主,而其他环境中存在湖泊和陆源混合有机质来源。基于有机质生烃潜力评价和成熟度（Vre=0.74%）估算,表明目前风城组烃源岩中有机质正处于大量排烃的成熟阶段,且确定了细粒岩中的烃类为原生烃。由于不同矿物组成的烃源岩吸附能力的差异,按照陆相泥质烃源岩和碳酸盐质烃源岩开展分类评价,结果表明风城组沉积了累计厚度近250 m的的有效烃源岩,且富含以藻类体为主的有机质。 相似文献
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The organic matter in the Alum Shale of Sweden is believed to have been affected post-depositionally by irradiation from the natural decay of U. Alum Shale kerogen H/C ratios are inversely proportional to the natural log of the U concentration, presumably as a result of the liberation of H by irradiation of the organic matter. Stable isotopic ratios of13C/12C in Alum Shale kerogen are directly proportional to the natural log of the U concentration. Experimental irradiation of Green River shale generated hydrocarbon gases 18% lighter than the parent organic matter, which demonstrates the possibility that irradiation induced generation of isotopically light gases could lower13C/12C ratios in parent organic matter. Irradiation may be a factor governing the relation between13C/12C ratios in the Alum Shales. Alum Shale O/C ratios generally increase with increasing U concentration and it is suggested that irradiation of organic matter may facilitate oxidation. The “Rock-Eval” maturity parameters “P.I.” and “Tmax” decrease with increasing U concentration. “P.I.” is presumed to decrease as a result of bitumen destruction or polymerization by irradiation. 相似文献
16.
Miryam Glikson 《Organic Geochemistry》1983,4(3-4)
Permian torbanites and Recent coorongite represent fossil algal accumulations, the affinity of which as well as the extent of their biodegradation is not known. Extensive previous research has been carried out on the geochemical constituents of torbanite and coorongite. However, the study of the microbiological components has been somewhat neglected in the past. In the present study an attempt is made at improving the understanding of the nature and origin of these deposits.The major components of coorongite as observed in the present study are a diatomaceous alga and a biodegraded organism of unknown affinity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) also revealed a microbial assemblage most probably responsible for the degradation of the primary organic matter. Torbanites from Glen Davis, N.S.W. (TGD-1) and Carnarvon Creek, Queensland (TC-1) revealed an organism of possible cyanobacterial affinity in various stages of biodegradation. TEM studies showed the ultra-structure of the organism as well as microbial components closely resembling cysts of methanogenic bacteria; the last in the biodegradation chain to survive in the highly anoxic environment. Similar ultra-structures have been observed in the Green River shale. Geochemical evidence for the involvement of bacteria in kerogen formation in general and coorongite (Douglas et al., 1969, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v. 3, p. 56–577) in particular has been reported for sometime. Selected geochemical data are reviewed in the present study and linked to the microbial assemblages observed. 相似文献
17.
18.
W. E. Robinson 《Organic Geochemistry》1979,1(4):205-218
Characteristics of the organic material in Green River Formation shale suggest that this material was derived from algae that grew in ancient Eocene lakes. The basin depressions for these nonmarine lakes were formed by the uplifting of the Rocky Mountain ranges. Large quantities of soluble salts flowed into these basins from the mountain streams, increasing the salinity of the lake waters until they became chemically stratified. In the upper, relatively fresh-water section of the lakes, abundant quantities of microscopic algae and other biota grew. Lesser amounts of terrestrial plant life remains were supplied in the form of wind- or water-borne spores and in the form of water-soluble organic materials entering the in-flowing waters. The lower section of the lake waters became highly reducing and stagnant because of lack of seasonal oxidative turnovers, thus providing ideal conditions for the accumulation and preservation of the organic debris from the lake biota.Precipitation of mineral carbonates and silicates from the highly saline waters provided most of the minerals that were co-deposited with the organic matter. Carbon dioxide, which evolved from the aquatic plant life, probably influenced mineral carbonate precipitation. During the life span of a few million of years the characteristics of the lake waters varied considerably and had significant effect upon the composition of both the inorganic and organic constituents of the Green River shale.Sixty to seventy-five core samples from each of three basins of the Green River Formation were analyzed for changes in both the organic and inorganic constituents. Considerable differences in the organic components of the soluble bitumen and of the insoluble kerogen were evident. Some of these differences appeared to be related to depth of burial and some to source material and the environment of the lake waters. Compositional differences relative to lithologic differences in the sediments of the three basins were found. 相似文献
19.
基于钻井岩芯,结合实测剖面及收集的测试数据,以点及面,对金羊盆地北票组沉积环境及烃源岩有机地球化学特征进行了分析研究。结果表明:北票组烃源岩主要形成于淡水-微咸水、偏氧化的沉积环境中,且气候条件从潮湿、半潮湿到半干燥有序变化;综合评价认为,北票组烃源岩有机质丰度高,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ_2型,其次为Ⅲ型,处于成熟阶段及生油高峰期。横向上,位于章吉营子凹陷沉积中心的东坤头营子剖面及石门沟剖面有机质丰度最好,以中等-好烃源岩为主,而沉积边缘相的巴图营子乡刁家沟剖面有机质丰度最差,为非烃源岩-差烃源岩;纵向上,半深湖亚相的有机质丰度要好于滨浅湖亚相,辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲相为非烃源岩-差烃源岩。 相似文献
20.
Holocene palaeoflood events recorded by slackwater deposits along the middle Beiluohe River valley,middle Yellow River basin,China 
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下载免费PDF全文 Yuzhu Zhang Chun Chang Huang Jiangli Pang Xiaochun Zha Yali Zhou Xiaqing Wang 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2015,44(1):127-138
Palaeohydrological investigations were carried out in the middle Beiluohe River valley in the middle Yellow River basin. Palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWDs) are natural records of overbank flooding and are often identified in the Holocene aeolian loess–soil profiles along the river valley. Three bedsets of palaeoflood SWDs were found within the mid‐Holocene Climatic Optimum palaeosol (S0) on the right riverbank. Both the sedimentary and the analytical results, including magnetic susceptibility, grain‐size distribution and concentrations of chemical elements, indicate that these palaeoflood SWDs were deposited from the suspended sediment load of overbank flooding. We identified three episodes of extraordinary overbank flooding events. These hydro‐climatic events were dated to 7600–7400, 5800–5000 and 4200–4000 a BP, from optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and pedostratigraphical correlation. The minimum flood peak discharges were estimated to have been between 12 600 and 14 100 m3 s?1 using the slope–area method. These hydro‐climatic events are considered to be a regional expression of known climatic events and demonstrate that the mid‐Holocene climate was far from stable. These results show that the magnitudes of floods are highly sensitive to climate change in semi‐arid and sub‐humid regions with a monsoonal climate. 相似文献