共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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三峡水库建设前后10年库区景观空间格局动态变化研究——以重庆开县为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在遥感和地理信息系统技术的支持下,以1992年和2002年TM图像为基础,采用斑块密度、斑块平均面积、景观形状指数、景观分离度指数、景观多样性指数、景观优势度指数、景观相对聚集度指数深入而全面地研究了三峡工程建设前后十年重庆开县景观空间格局的动态变化,本研究的开展旨在为库区生态环境保护提供科学依据。研究结果表明,十年间研究区景观空间格局发生了明显变化,草地、未利用地、旱地、果园和水田面积净减,森林、建设用地、灌木林和水域面积增加,退耕还林已初见成效。 相似文献
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兰州新区土地利用分形特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了分析土地利用空间结构的复杂性、稳定性以及动态变化性,该文利用兰州新区1993、2000、2010、2012及2013年5期土地利用数据,以GIS技术为支持,应用分形理论并通过叠加分析统计,计算出了5个时间段各主要地类动态度。结果表明:1除水域之外,研究区域主要的土地利用类型均具有空间分形特征。2近20年来,耕地和草地分维值最大,形状复杂度最高;构筑物和林地分维值略小,形状复杂程度次之;房屋建筑和园地分维值最小,形状复杂度最低。3各土地利用类型的平均结构稳定性指数中人工设施的结构稳定度显著高于自然植被的结构稳定度。41993—2013年,兰州新区城镇化趋势显著,且满足退耕还林政策,下一步的城市建设需要特别注意对水系的规划。 相似文献
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四川广元市青川县是国家生态试点县和退耕还林实施县,查明该区土地利用/覆被现状及其时空动态变化信息,为政府有关部门规划决策提供科学依据具有重要意义。应用RS和GIS技术,基于2000年、2005年和2010年3个时相的陆地卫星TM图像,通过图像处理和信息提取,获得了该区3期土地利用/覆被数据。在此基础上,分析了青川县近10 a土地利用/覆被动态变化过程,查明了引起动态变化的主要驱动力因素,最后,对该区2015年和2020年土地利用/覆被的面积比例进行了预测。研究结果表明:青川县2000—2005年间,耕地、水域和未利用地面积减少,林地、草地和建设用地面积增加;2005—2010年间,耕地和草地面积减少,林地、水域、建设用地和未利用地面积增加;两段时期耕地面积持续减少,但减幅减小,林地面积持续增加,增幅减小,建设用地持续增加且增幅增大,水域和未利用地先减后增,草地先增后减。究其原因,认为政策、经济发展和人口增长及自然灾害等因素是研究区土地利用变化的主要影响因子。经过预测,在相关政策不变且没有自然灾害发生的情况下,2015年林地面积占全县总面积的比例将由2010年的58.57%增长为59.01%,到2020年将继续增长为59.44%,耕地面积比例到2020年将减少至29.13%,建设用地面积比例继续增加至0.22%。 相似文献
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《测绘通报》2015,(Z2)
利用32年来三江源地区1975、2000和2007年三期湿地遥感监测数据,详细分析了1975—2007年间三江源不同源区湿地面积的变化特点;依托于全气象资料(包括平均气温、最低气温、最高气温、20-20时降水量以及平均日照时数数据),对30多年来各个源区的气象气候因子变化规律进行了研究。采用分形分维方法,通过计算各个源区湿地景观分形分维值,定量分析了三江源不同源区的湿地资源分形结构特征。最后,采用传统统计学和地统计学相结合的方法,通过对32年来三江源不同源区湿地面积、湿地资源镶嵌结构与气象因子所反映的各源区气候变化趋势的相关性综合剖析,总结了各源区湿地面积和湿地资源镶嵌结构随气候变化的响应规律。 相似文献
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基于RS和GIS的桓仁县乡村聚落景观格局分析 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：17
运用RS和GIS技术以及景观分析方法,以辽东山区桓仁县典型的6个乡镇乡村聚落为研究对象,选取乡村聚落斑块数、斑块面积、斑块密度、平均斑块面积、面积加权平均斑块分维数等5个景观指数,从乡村聚落用地、规模、形态、分离度4个方面进行景观空间格局分析.结果表明,桓仁县乡村聚落的景观格局具有用地比重偏少,聚落斑块数量多、平均斑块面积小,聚落规模在0.743～1.292hm2之间,形态分布稀疏零散,分形指数小、斑块稳定,分离度大等特点.说明在这种乡村聚落景观格局作用下,必然导致自然景观缺乏高度连接,聚落周边自然生态环境受到侵扰和破坏. 相似文献
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利用2000年和2010年遥感影像,分析了四川省隆昌县10 a间土地利用/覆被变化情况,并进行驱动力分析。研究表明,2000~2010年,耕地(包括水田和旱地)、水域、未利用地面积减少,林地、城镇、交通用地面积增加。分析表明,隆昌县土地利用/覆被变化的驱动力主要有人口因素、社会经济因素、城市化因素、政策导向,各因素间相互影响和制约。 相似文献
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人类社会经济的发展对土地利用和景观格局会产生重要的影响。本文以2010、2015、2020年3期TM遥感影像数据为基础,借助RS与GIS技术对南京市土地利用与景观格局的变化进行分析。研究结果表明,南京市土地类型主要以耕地、林地、建设用地和水域为主,而草地和未利用地面积相对较小,占比不足1%。在研究期间变化过程主要是建设用地在增加,十年间增加了168.86 km2。景观格局分析表明,南京市景观的斑块密度、形状指数、香农多样性指数和均匀度指数不断增加,景观的破碎化程度提高,异质性增强。南京市土地利用和景观格局有明显的变化趋势,城市化和退耕还林是南京市土地利用和景观格局变化的主要因素。 相似文献
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Changes in landscape composition and configuration patterns of Sancaktepe Municipal District in the Asian side of Istanbul Metropolitan City of Turkey were analysed using landscape metrics. Class-level and landscape-level metrics were calculated from the land cover/land use data using Patch Analyst, an extension in the Arc View GIS. The land cover/land use data were derived from classified satellite images of Landsat Thematic Mapper of 2002 and 2009 for Sancaktepe District. There was evidence of increase in agglomeration process of built-up patches as indicated by the increases in mean patch size, decrease in total edge and number of patches between 2002 and 2009. The urban expansion pattern experienced overall was not fragmented but concentrated due to infilling around existing patches. Changes in Area-Weighted Mean Shape Index and Area-Weighted Patch Fractal Dimension Index indicated that the physical shapes within built-up, forest and bareland areas were relatively complex and irregular. A conclusion is made in this study that spatial metrics are useful tools to describe the urban landscape composition and configuration in its various aspects and certain decisions whether to approve a specific development in urban planning could, for example, be based on some measures of urban growth form or pattern in terms of uniformity and irregularity, attributable to the dynamic processes of agglomeration and fragmentation of land cover/land use patches caused by urban expansion. 相似文献
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Land use/land cover investigation have been carried out in Varaha river basia (VRB) using remote sensing data of 1986 and 1992 and the changes in land use/land cover during the period are estimated Visual interpretation techniques have been followed to delineate various land use/laad cover categories It is inferred that the land use/land cover pattern of the area is controlled by local topography, climate and resourees, The tesults revealed significant changes in the area of built-up land irrigated land, plantation degraded forest and upland over a period of six years. 相似文献
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Variogram Fractal Dimension Based Features for Hyperspectral Data Dimensionality Reduction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kriti Mukherjee Jayanta K Ghosh Ramesh C. Mittal 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(2):249-258
In this paper a new approach for fractal based dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral data has been proposed. The features have been generated by multiplying variogram fractal dimension value with spectral energy. Fractal dimension bears the information related to the shape or characteristic of the spectral response curves and the spectral energy bears the information related to class separation. It has been observed that, the features provide accuracy better than 90 % in distinguishing different land cover classes in an urban area, different vegetation types belonging to an agricultural area as well as various types of minerals belonging to the same parent class. Statistical comparison with some conventional dimensionality reduction methods validates the fact that the proposed method, having less computational burden than the conventional methods, is able to produce classification statistically equivalent to those of the conventional methods. 相似文献
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Jixian Zhang Liu Zhengjun Sun Xiaoxia 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009
The eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA) in China has received much attention due to the construction of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station. Land use/land cover changes (LUCC) are a major cause of ecological environmental changes. In this paper, the spatial landscape dynamics from 1978 to 2005 in this area are monitored and recent changes are analyzed, using the Landsat TM (MSS) images of 1978, 1988, 1995, 2000 and 2005. Vegetation cover fractions for a vegetation cover analysis are retrieved from MODIS/Terra imagery from 2000 to 2006, being the period before and after the rising water level of the reservoir. Several analytical indices have been used to analyze spatial and temporal changes. Results indicate that cropland, woodland, and grassland areas reduced continuously over the past 30 years, while river and built-up area increased by 2.79% and 4.45% from 2000 to 2005, respectively. The built-up area increased at the cost of decreased cropland, woodland and grassland. The vegetation cover fraction increased slightly. We conclude that significant changes in land use/land cover have occurred in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. The main cause is a continuous economic and urban/rural development, followed by environmental management policies after construction of the Three Gorges Dam. 相似文献
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以四川省眉山市青神县作为研究区,利用TM1、2、3波段组合的遥感影像数据,采用Erdas、ArcGIS、ArcView等遥感及地理信息系统软件,对2007年的土地利用／土地覆盖现状进行分析,通过图像预处理及目视解译,获取了研究区的土地利用类型及其分布特征。 相似文献
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玛河流域景观生态风险评价与时空分异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高雅 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(1):86-89
以玛纳斯河流域作为研究区,结合特殊的干旱区山地-绿洲-荒漠系统(Mountain-Oasis-Desert System简称MODS),综合考虑遥感影像数据光谱信息和纹理特征,将研究区分为耕地、林地、草地、水体、裸地、居民地、工业用地和冰川/永久积雪等8个景观类型,利用FRAGSTATS软件计算景观指数,引入生态风险的指数,将研究区划为低、较低、中、较高、高生态风险区五级,评估其景观格局的生态风险时空变化特征。结果表明:1)1990—2015年间,玛纳斯河流域景观变化主要表现为耕地、建设用地的增加以及水体、冰川/永久积雪面积的缩减;2)玛纳斯河流域的景观生态风险等级空间分布具有明显的差异,较低风险区的面积变化较为明显,低、较低生态的风险区比重有所上升,除此以外,林、草地类型各生态风险的等级所占比重的起伏波动具有明显的差异。建议应当合理地利用土地资源,尽量保护林地、草地等景观脆弱行较低的原生景观类型,禁止为开垦耕地而破坏林地、草地;增加土地的利用效率,更要对高等、较高生态风险区加强监管。 相似文献
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基于GIS和景观生态学的土地整理景观研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用GIS技术和景观生态学理论方法,以安徽省淮南市潘集区市级投资重点土地整理项目为例,选取3类景观指标,对项目区内土地整理前后的土地利用现状和景观格局变化情况进行研究。结果表明： 景观类型中水田斑块占绝对优势,斑块分维数、形状指数呈下降趋势,表明斑块形状趋于规则和简单; 斑块数量和斑块密度降低,平均斑块面积和最大斑块面积增加,最大斑块指数增大,景观破碎度降低; 平均分维数和平均形状指数增大,表明景观形状较整理前变得规则,但总体形态变得复杂; 多样性指数和均匀度指数降低,表明在增加了景观分布均匀程度的同时降低了景观的多样性,景观类型有所减少。 相似文献
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LI Jianping GAO Feng ZHANG Bai 《地球空间信息科学学报》2007,10(2):128-132
By using remote sensing images from three periods (1980, 1995, 2000) and with the support of GIS and RS, the spatial information of landscape elements of Jilin Province from 1980 to 2000 was interpreted and extracted. Using models of landscape indices such as diversity, fragmentation, and mean patch fractal dimension, dynamic spatio-temporal changes of landscape patterns of the province were analyzed. The results: ① cropland and forestland were the main landscape types, and forestland became a landscape matrix; ② in the study area, landscapes were distributed unevenly, and there was low heterogeneity, a simple ecosystem structure and a tendency of irrational landscape patterns. There were also simple spatial shapes of patches and strong self-similarities, and in terms of dynamic change analysis, patch shapes tended to be more simple; ③ from 1980 to 2000, holistic landscape fragmentation was low and changed slightly. As far as landscape elements were concerned, the fragmentation of grassland, water area, land for residential area and factory facilities was relatively low; land distribution for residential areas and factory facilities was dispersed; and cropland and forestland were most concentrated-an indication that the trend will continue. Comprehensive effects among human activity, local policy, regional climate and environmental change led to the results. 相似文献