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1.
Palaeomagnetic and geochronological data from an Early Palaeozoic high grade metamorphic complex (Jorgina Formation) and Jurassic layered basic intrusion (Moreno Complex) are reported from the Mejillones Peninsula of northern Chile (23–23°30'S). 40Ar–39Ar dates from the Lower Palaeozoic Jorgina Formation and the Moreno Complex are between 170 and 158 Ma, coincident with a phase of emplacement of the north Chilean coastal batholith. This suggests that intrusion and magnetization of the Moreno Complex and the metamorphism and remagnetization of the Jorgina Formation were related to batholith emplacement. Extracted stable components of magnetization from all units (17 sites) define site-mean directions with a scattered distribution. The scatter in site-mean directions is interpreted as being due to minor, localized, non-uniform, block-fault related (normal or strike-slip, or both) rotation after 158 Ma. The palaeomagnetic and geochronological data indicate that no significant large-scale latitudinal translation of crustal blocks has taken place in this part of northern Chile since the Late Jurassic. In addition, they indicate that the uniform clockwise rotation after the mid-Cretaceous which affected the adjacent Cordillera de la Costa either did not extend into the Mejillones Peninsula or took the form of localized block-fault rotations. The restriction of palaeomagnetically defined styles of rotation to discrete areas within the north Chilean forearc indicates that forearc wide block-fault rotation models are not applicable to the Pacific margin of northern Chile. 相似文献
2.
试论前寒武纪变质岩古地磁研究的可行性：以闽北地区的研究为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文从变质作用与岩石矿物获得剩磁的关系和剩磁获得时间与同位素记年的相关性，岩石的形变对磁化方向的影响等方面讨论了前寒武纪变质岩古地磁研究的可行性；并列举部分国外前寒武纪早期岩石的例证；同时重点以闽北地区前寒武纪变质岩的古地磁结果为例，讨论了获得磁性可信性及其在地质构造方面的意义。 相似文献
3.
智利Copiapó附近海岸东部边缘有一宽5km、长20km的铁氧化物铜金矿床带,包括Candelaria矿床和位于其北东方向3km处的Punta del Cobre矿集区的中小型矿床。初步估计,该成矿带的铜矿石资源量可达7×108~8×10~8t(含铜量1%)。矿石矿物主要为黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿、赤铁矿。矿石产状为脉状、角砾状、细脉状等。含矿围岩主要为Punta del Cobre组的火山岩及火山碎屑岩。该矿带中大部分大型矿脉位于北西—北北西向高角度脆性断层与块状火山岩和火山碎屑岩接触带交汇处。Candelairia矿区主要发育黑云母-钾长石±钙角闪石±绿帘石蚀变矿物组合。在Punta del Cobr矿集区,矿床深部的矿石围岩蚀变情况与Candelairia地区一致,但是浅部的矿石赋存于黑云母-钾长石或钠长石-绿泥石±方解石蚀变带中。 相似文献
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5.
Massimo Chiaradia Dave Banks Robert Cliff Robert Marschik Antoine de Haller 《Mineralium Deposita》2006,41(6):565-573
The origin of the hypersaline fluids (magmatic or basinal brine?), associated with iron oxide (Cu–U–Au–REE) deposits, is controversial. We report the first chlorine and strontium isotope data combined with Cl/Br ratios of fluid inclusions from selected iron oxide–copper–gold (IOCG) deposits (Candelaria, Raúl–Condestable, Sossego), a deposit considered to represent a magmatic end member of the IOCG class of deposit (Gameleira), and a magnetite–apatite deposit (El Romeral) from South America. Our data indicate mixing of a high δ 37Cl magmatic fluid with near 0‰ δ 37Cl basinal brines in the Candelaria, Raúl–Condestable, and Sossego IOCG deposits and leaching of a few weight percent of evaporites by magmatic-hydrothermal (?) fluids at Gameleira and El Romeral. The Sr isotopic composition of the inclusion fluids of Candelaria, Raúl–Condestable, and El Romeral confirms the presence of a non-magmatic fluid component in these deposits. The heavy chlorine isotope signatures of fluids from the IOCG deposits (Candelaria, Raúl–Condestable, Sossego), reflecting the magmatic-hydrothermal component of these fluids, contrast with the near 0‰ δ 37Cl values of porphyry copper fluids known from the literature. The heavy chlorine isotope compositions of fluids of the investigated IOCG deposits may indicate a prevailing mantle Cl component in contrast to porphyry copper fluids, an argument also supported by Os isotopes, or could result from differential Cl isotope fractionation processes (e.g. phase separation) in fluids of IOCG and porphyry Cu deposits. 相似文献
6.
A detailed palaeomagnetic investigation of early Silurian volcanics of the Lawrenceton Formation in the Central Mobile Belt (CMB) of Newfoundland reveals primary remanence that places the sampled part of the CMB on the margin of Laurentia in low southerly latitudes in the early Silurian. The palaeomagnetic data indicate large vertical axis (net clockwise) rotations within the CMB and between the CMB and cratonic Laurentia. The volcanics were folded, faulted and in places cleaved in Silurian to Early Devonian times. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility measurements on lava flow samples verify field observations of a primary flow-parallel foliation and confirm field measurements of the palaeo-horizontal. A well-developed tectonic fabric was detected at one sampling site near the Reach Fault.Silurian redbeds of the Big Indian Pond Formation were also sampled for palaeomagnetic study. The sediments are folded, faulted and cleaved. A statistically sound syn-folding remanence was identified which, in a tectonically corrected state, is consistent in direction with the remanence in the Silurian volcanics. The sampled sediments are more intensely deformed than the volcanics and magnetic anisotropy measurements indicate both primary layering- and secondary cleavage-related fabrics in varying degrees from site to site. It is possible that cleavage development resulted in remanence reorientation leading to the illusion of syn-folding remanence when, in fact, the remanence was acquired prior to folding.Previously published palaeomagnetic investigations of Silurian rocks in the CMB revealed a discrepancy in palaeofield inclination between volcanic and sedimentary rock types. The sedimentary rocks yielded shallow inclinations and the volcanics intermediate inclinations. Inclination shallowing in the sediments was put forward as an explanation, as well as contamination of the sedimentary results with a shallow overprint. Others argued that the results from the volcanics were in error. The present investigation demonstrates that key volcanics carry a shallower remanence than previously thought, bringing them into approximate agreement with the majority of the results from sediments. Steep results from the Springdale volcanics and very shallow results from the King George IV lake sediments are at variance with the rest of the data. The Springdale result has large error limits that overlap with the other data. The anomalous King George IV result remains an outlier. 相似文献
7.
简要介绍了接触交代—热液型铁矿床和沉积变质铁矿床形成的地质环境、控制条件,矿体形态特点和经济利用价值,通过平台磁异常Za-Ha双分量参量图研究,拟合反演,提出平台磁异常可能对应陡立接触带形态的磁性体。在重磁相关分析中,由相关系数的大小判断出平台磁异常重磁不同源,说明平台磁异常主体部分对应的磁性体不是沉积变质铁矿床。在CSAMT测深法探测结果分析中,提出平台磁异常深部可能存在岩浆岩侵入活动的物探证据。从而说明平台磁异常区具备形成接触交代—热液型铁矿床的可能性和几个必要条件,综合地质、物探资料推测平台磁异常成矿类型可能是接触交代—热液型铁矿床。 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Coal Geology》2006,65(1-2):158-169
Pyrobitumen has been shown to be an essential component in formation of some Chilean manto-type (strata-bound) copper deposits and its presence has been observed in a number of other deposits but has received limited investigation. In this paper we present paragenetic and geochemical data from two central Chilean manto-type deposits from the Uchumi and Talcuna districts where solid pyrobitumen (residual petroleum) is intimately associated with copper sulfides.Pyrobitumen in the Uchumi deposit occurs in pore space within the host conglomerates and is adjacent to a granitoid stock; pyrobitumen predates bornite–chalcocite mineralization and may have reduced subsequent mineralizing fluids. Pyrobitumen from the Manto Delirio deposit, Talcuna District, fills the cores of early sphalerite veins and was partially replaced by later Cu–As mineralization; pyrobitumen is petrographically intergrown with Cu–Fe sulfides and light δ13C values of gangue calcite indicates the interaction of pyrobitumen with the mineralizing fluid.The presence of pyrobitumen within the ores of other manto-type copper deposits in the Lower Cretaceous basin of Chile suggests that degraded petroleum reservoirs, in particular if biodegradation generated authigenic pyrite, can be important controls for metallic mineralization derived from hydrothermal solutions of different sources. 相似文献
9.
宁芜盆地产有多处硫铁矿床 ,一些已达到大型矿床规模。火山穹窿、爆发角砾岩筒等火山构造 ,NE向、NW向断裂构造 ,辉石闪长玢岩体 ,“洼中洼”环境等对成矿具有控制作用。碳酸盐岩、安山岩、角砾岩等围岩岩性 ,硅质岩、硬石膏岩等喷气化学沉积岩 ,褐铁矿化黄铁矿化绢云母化高岭土化蚀变组合 ;磁感应强度大于 2 0 0 0nT ,剩余重力异常值在 0 .6× 10 -8～ 1.2×10 -8m/S2 区间 ,激电极化率 ηs 一般大于 15 % ,并伴有低电阻率异常 ;具有S异常 ,并伴有P、Mo元素组合异常等是宁芜盆地硫铁矿的找矿标志。盆地北段皇姑山地区、莺子山地区、濮塘地区、孚而岗地区为今后找矿的重点地段。 相似文献
10.
华北陆块北缘西段狼山—白云鄂博裂谷系中元古代形成的大型多金属矿床 ,是我国重要的铁、稀土、铜、铅、锌矿产地。矿床为产于沉积岩中热水沉积型多金属矿床。其形成受地层、构造控制 ,与裂谷作用有着密切的关系。裂谷系内外分支的地质环境及矿床矿种不同 ,导致矿床特征及成因具有一定差异。白云鄂博铁、稀土矿床为钾、钠、磷等含量较高的热水沉积型 ,霍各乞铜、铅、锌多金属矿床为与中基性火山岩有关的过渡热水沉积型 ,东升庙和甲生盘等铅、锌多金属矿床为热水沉积型。文中将对上述矿床分别进行论述。 相似文献
11.
邯邢式铁矿深部探测技术及综合找矿模式研究——以河北省沙河市白涧铁矿床为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
邯邢式铁矿是中国著名的铁矿类型之一.近年来,在邯邢地区采用深钻对白涧铁矿低缓磁异常区进行了验证,在孔深592.74～1 040.52 m处发现了厚度大、埋藏深、规模大、品位高的隐伏邯邢式铁矿,表明该区具有深部找矿的巨大潜力.通过对白涧矿区的综合找矿探测方法技术的应用研究和对白涧铁矿深部隐伏铁矿的预测分析,证实了高精度重、磁方法相结合是寻找该类铁矿最有效的方法.EH-4电磁测深方法通过探测深部隐伏岩体的起伏变化,进而预测和发现盲矿体,是一种间接预测隐伏矿分布的有效方法.针对邯邢地区地表及地下均存在不同程度的重、磁、电干扰,该研究加强了实地干扰源的详细调查和室内资料的相关滤波、圆滑处理、位场的转换、异常正反演解释的研究工作,认为加强赋矿地层、构造、岩浆岩、围岩蚀变和重、磁综合异常"五位一体"的深部综合找矿模式,是寻找邯邢式铁矿深部矿体的有效方法. 相似文献
12.
Rare Earth, Major and Trace Elements in the Kunimiyama Ferromanganese Deposit in the Northern Chichibu Belt, Central Shikoku, Japan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yasuhiro Kato Koichiro Fujinaga Tatsuo Nozaki Kentaro Nakamura Ryuji Ono Hiroshi Osawa 《Resource Geology》2005,55(4):291-300
Abstract. Rare earth, major and trace element geochemistry is reported for the Kunimiyama stratiform ferromanganese deposit in the Northern Chichibu Belt, central Shikoku, Japan. The deposit immediately overlies greenstones of mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) origin and underlies red chert. The ferromanganese ores exhibit remarkable enrichments in Fe, Mn, P, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Y and rare earth elements (excepting Ce) relative to continental crustal abundance. These enriched elements/ Fe ratios and Post-Archean Average Australian Shale-normalized REE patterns of the ferromanganese ores are generally analogous to those of modern hydrothermal ferromanganese plume fall-out precipitates deposited on MOR flanks. However in more detail, Mn and Ti enrichments in the ferromanganese ores are more striking than the modern counterpart, suggesting a significant contribution of hydrogenetic component in the Kunimiyama ores. Our results are consistent with the interpretation that the Kunimiyama ores were umber deposits that primarily formed by hydrothermal plume fall-out precipitation in the Panthalassa Ocean during the Early Permian and then accreted onto the proto-Japanese island arc during the Middle Jurassic. The presence of strong negative Ce anomaly in the Kunimiyama ores may indicate that the Early Permian Panthalassa seawater had a more striking negative Ce anomaly due to a more oxidizing oceanic condition than today. 相似文献
13.
荣那铜矿是中铝矿产资源有限公司近年在斑岩型铜矿找矿方面取得的一项重大突破。矿床产于班公湖—怒江缝合带北侧岛弧带中。公司在找矿初期重视基础地质研究,加强对地调和矿调成果的二次解剖,借鉴国内外斑岩铜矿区域分布规律,结合1∶5万磁法异常,明确多龙矿集区重点找矿方向;根据前期勘查成果,结合1∶5万水系沉积物测量成果,确定荣那、拿若为重点验证区。通过总结国外斑岩铜矿蚀变模式、矿化模式和勘查模式,选择有效的激电勘查方法圈定重点验证地段。结合隐伏斑岩体系矿化中心为中低阻、负磁异常、中等极化率,外围发育黄铁矿化壳形成近似环状中高阻、正磁异常、中高极化率异常,最终确定外围正磁、中高极化环形异常系荣那矿床与青磐岩化带有关的黄铁矿化壳引起,负磁、中等极化率异常为矿化中心部位,通过选择合理网度进行钻探验证实现找矿突破。荣那矿床勘查过程中的理论思考,区域-矿田物化探异常的综合分析、有效方法的投入和验证工程的部署充分体现了科学研究与生产的有机结合。 相似文献
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15.
Pleistocene sedimentary sequences in the East Anglian region of Britain record both major and minor climatic oscillations, and the impact of isostatic and eustatic variations. Intensively studied in terms of their lithology and biostratigraphy, the sequences have been difficult to place in an absolute timeframe. Dating and correlation by magnetostratigraphy has been attempted over a number of years. However, these sediments are difficult to date by palaeomagnetic means because they are poor in detrital magnetite, are subject to post‐depositional deformation and diagenesis, and have unknown rates of sedimentation. Determining whether their natural remanence magnetisation (NRM) directions are reliable thus requires information on the mode and timing of remanence acquisition. Here, we apply palaeomagnetic, rock magnetic and mineralogical analyses to identify the NRM carriers in these sediments and hence their palaeomagnetic reliability. Within oxidised fluvial sediments (the Kesgrave Formation), the magnetic carriers appear to be relict magnetic minerals (ferrian ilmenites, chromites, haematite and goethite), which sometimes carry a reliable primary depositional remanence (DRM) but often an overprinting viscous (time‐varying) remanence (VRM). Within some reduced marine and intertidal sediments (within the Crag basin), the iron sulphide, greigite, has been found to carry a reliable, ‘syn’‐depositional chemical remanence (CRM). In all the sediments, magnetic inclusions within silicates are abundant, are significant for the mineral magnetic signal but contribute little to any recoverable palaeomagnetic information. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
The Lower Cretaceous volcanic formations of Copiapó (Chile) host major stratiform, disseminated, vein, and stockwork mineral
deposits. Among these are the Punta del Cobre district (Cu-Fe) and the neighbouring, large Candelaria deposit (Cu-Fe-Au).
These deposits are likely to have formed during a major extensional event that was accompanied by granitoid emplacement that
triggered important contact metamorphism, metasomatic activity and mineralization processes. We suggest here that alteration-mineralization
processes developed within the upper-plate domain of a NNE-trending, ESE-dipping extensional system, while granitoids were
accomodated within the lower-plate. If this model prove to be right, `Candelaria-type' deposits may be hidden beneath the
present, higher structural position of the Punta del Cobre district.
Received: 13 May 1999 / Accepted: 2 August 1999 相似文献
17.
近年来,临沧花岗岩体风化壳内离子吸附型稀土(IREE)矿床的找矿勘查取得重要进展,岔河IREE矿床是该区新发现的中大型矿床之一,为IREE矿床成矿预测提供了研究实例.文章对岔河IREE矿床11个探矿工程风化剖面样品和1370件土壤地球化学样品的稀土元素,以及Ce异常分布、迁移及富集等表生地球化学特征和规律进行研究,结合前人研究成果总结出该区找矿模型,实施工程验证并取得了找矿发现.研究表明,风化花岗岩稀土元素配分模式与母岩相似,风化过程中REE发生淋滤、富集作用(全风化层富集程度最高),LREE和HREE发生了分异作用(LREE分异程度相对较高).在风化过程中,Ce异常与稀土元素氧化物总量(ΣREO)呈负相关,且Ce异常存在明显的分异作用,如风化剖面中黏土层Ce正异常(1.69)与全风化层上部Ce负异常(0.75)数值具有明显差异,为Ce异常用于IREE矿床成矿预测成为可能(见矿率达90％).该研究不仅能定位、定量的圈定IREE矿床成矿预测区,而且完善了IREE矿床找矿模型,具有重要的推广和应用价值. 相似文献
18.
Palaeoenvironmental application of magnetic measurements from inter-drumlin hollow lake sediments near Dungannon, Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
KENNETH R. HIRONS ROY THOMPSON 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1986,15(2):117-135
Measurements of palaeomagnetic horizontal remanent intensity, saturation isothermal remanence, coercivity of remanence, high field remanence and magnetic susceptibility, have been made on lateglacial and postglacial sediments from two small, inter-drumlin hollow lakes from central Northern Ireland. These magnetic measurements have been compared with pollen and chemical analyses from the same profiles and with complementary mineral magnetic data from local soils. Representative sediment samples have also been divided into a range of particle size fractions and each fraction has been subjected to magnetic investigation. Five distinctive stratigraphic horizons have been identified on the basis of the magnetic mineralogy. Two horizons relate to phases of pronounced erosion. One of these is connected with solifluction processes in the lateglacial and the other to an intensive period of farming activity which started in Medieval times. Two horizons are associated with periods of very high iron and manganese deposition and are possibly related to the precipitation of magnetic minerals within the lake. Hydrological changes during periods of local anthropogenic activity appear to produce magnetic mineral assemblages indicative of stream bed/bank substrate sources. The particle size data also support the suggestion that downcore changes in the mineral magnetic record are mainly caused by changes in the sediment source rather than particle size or sedimentological effects. 相似文献
19.
The Andes of northern Chile currently experience a phase of relief rejuvenation as indicated by valleys that are >1000 m dissected into pediplains. However, it has been unclear when this phase of relief enhancement started. This paper discusses the use of palaeomagnetic chronologies from four sections in the Taracapá-Region (northern Chile) to assess this age. The sections are located in distal and proximal positions. Sediment accumulation occurred between c. 22.5 and 8/7.5 Ma with a hiatus that possibly spans a time interval between c. 19.5 and 11 Ma. The magnetic polarity chronologies suggest a preferred age between 8.0 and 7.5 Ma for the time when relief growth started. In proximal positions, however, alternative correlations suggest an age of 8.5 Ma. In addition, the palaeomagnetic data reveal no rotation of the analysed strata, suggesting a minimum age of c. 22.5 Ma for the tectonic block rotation south of the Arica deflection. 相似文献
20.
"一带一路"地区由于特殊的地质构造环境,发育宝玉石矿床,特别是高级宝玉石矿床。对于相关国家的高级宝玉石矿床,前人虽进行过一定程度的研究,但并未从"一带一路"的角度进行探索研究。鉴于此,在相关资料研究的基础上,对"一带一路"地区高级宝玉石矿床的分布规律进行了归纳与总结,以期为中国企业掌握"一带一路"地区宝玉石信息提供参考资料,同时为相关国家勘查开发宝玉石矿床提供资料,促进其经济发展。研究表明,金刚石矿床主要分布在俄罗斯、中国、印度等地,尤以俄罗斯西伯利亚地区为主要生产地,分为原生矿床和次生矿床2种;翡翠矿床主要分布在缅甸、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦和中国,其中缅甸是翡翠产量最高、品质最好的国家,产量占全世界产量的95%,分布在缅甸北部克钦邦的帕敢—道茂一带,有原生矿床和次生矿床2种类型;祖母绿矿床分布比较广泛,在阿富汗、哈萨克斯坦、巴基斯坦、印度、俄罗斯和中国都有分布,尤以俄罗斯乌拉尔地区祖母绿较出名,分为气成热液型和伟晶岩型2种;软玉矿床分布在中国、俄罗斯和韩国,尤以中国新疆的和田玉最出名,有岩浆热液型和变质热液型2种类型。 相似文献