共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 201 毫秒
1.
黄栋 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》1996,(17):101-106
处理光传播时延观测模型时，一般有两种作法，即在BRS或GRS中处理，但这两种结果，进行参考系间的时延转换时并不严格相等。本对这一问题作了仔细分析，指出总理 的根源在于他们使用的时延转换公式并不精确，应以修正，中推导出这些改正项，并用新的时延转换公式严格证明了在PN1精度下与时延有关的观测模型在两类参考系中的等价性。 相似文献
2.
空间VLBI与天文地球动力学 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
介绍了空间VLBI的精密定轨及其在天文地球动力学应用研究中的最新进展．指出因为空间VLBI的时延和时延率观测量同时涉及到射电参考系、动力学参考系和地固参考系,所以特别适合于参考系的直接连接工作．对为评价参考系连接的精度而发展的协方差分析理论也作了介绍,还分析了将时延和时延率资料用于精密定轨时遇到的困难及其解决办法． 相似文献
3.
黄栋 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》1996,(17):95-100
文[1]对地球四极矩在太阳系质心参考系（BRS）中影响人造卫星运动的相对论效应作了仔细的研究，引入相对经模型轨道的厘米级上符合。本文发现，利用文[2]得到的结果与此有矛盾。经过研究，我们认为其原因在于文[2]定义的均匀极矩及其转换上存在缺陷，在实际应用中应考虑其局了性。本文还将文[2]的方法与相对论参考系的最新结果DSX理论进行了比较。 相似文献
4.
全球水分布和气压变化对固体地球质心位置的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据IERS决议,国际地球参考系的原点是地球固体部分、海洋和大气的共同质量中心因此,地球上流体部分质量分布变化会改变固体地球质心相对于国际地球参考系原点的位置变化．空间技术如SLR和GPS的观测结果表明,固体地球质心可能有幅度达10毫米的位置变化,所以给出固体地球质心位置变化以及地球物理原因已成为重要问题.本文采用了全球4000多个地面气象台站从1949到1982年的月平均降水、温度和气压值,对水和大气的分布变化引起的固体地球质心位置变化进行了计算,得出水储量分布变化对固体地球质心运动比气压分布变化有更大的贡献,固体地球质心位置变化的最大值可达4毫米． 相似文献
5.
天球和地球历书原点 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
国际天球参考系的使用、观测精度的提高和方法的改善要求采用与地球轨道运动无关的运动赤道上的起算点，Guinot提出的非旋转原点可作为这样一种选择。非旋转原点依赖于天球参考极。IAU决定从2003年起采用天球中间极作为天球参考极。非旋转原点在天球参考系的使用，可给出在天球中间极赤道上的天球历书原点，非旋转原点在地球参考系的使用，可给出在天球中间极赤道上的地球历书原点。回顾了非旋转原点的概念、以历书原点为参考的天球参考系和地球参考系的坐标变换，经出了在微角秒精度下天球参考极的坐标和历书原点的位置，讨论了采用历书原点对测定UT1的影响，指出当岁差章动模型、天极补偿、分点改正得到改善时，基于历书原点的UT1定义不需要更改，从而保证了UT1的连续。 相似文献
6.
在简要阐明参考系、参考架及其历史重大进程的基础上,对几种重要的、最新规范的参考系/参考架(质心天球参考系和地心天球参考系、国际天球参考系、国际地球参考系、太阳系动力学参考系等)的定义、实现和特点作了评述和分析,并对最新规范中与参考系、参考架有关的某些新概念的定义和新模式的应用(自2003年开始贯彻),如:天球中介极(CIP)、天球历书原点(CEO)、地球历书原点(TEO)、地球自转角的新定义、岁差-章动新模式的应用,作了阐述和讨论。 相似文献
7.
IERS1996规范在参考系方面的改进 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对ＩＥＲＳ１９９６规范中有关参考系方面作了简单而系统的介绍，重点叙述了与ＩＥＲＳ１９９２标准相比ＩＥＲＳ１９９６规范在参考系方面的主要改进：天球参考架中的基本源从５７颗增加到２３６颗；动力学参考架采用ＪＰＬ ＤＥ４０３／ＬＥ４０３历表代替ＤＥ２００／ＬＥ２００历表；采用ＮＵＶＥＬ ＮＮＲ－１Ａ板块运动模型代替ＮＵＶＥＬ ＮＮＲ－１模型；变更了９个基本常数值；给出了天极坐标的观测和理论间差的经验模型 相似文献
8.
9.
１９９７年１１月１４日晚，在中国科学院云南天文台１米望远镜上用新安装的１０２４２ＣＣＤ观测到了木星的两颗伽里略卫星；Ｅｕｒｏｐａ和Ｃａｌｌｉｓｔｏ及一颗依巴谷星（星号为 １０４２９７）．当采用新的 ＪＰＬ ＤＥ４０５和 Ｓａｍｐｓｏｎ－Ｌｉｅｓｋｅ理论（Ｇ５）计算卫星的理论位置并相对于Ｃａｌｌｉｓｔｏ测量恒星位置时，视位置的观测值与计算值之差的平均值在赤经和赤纬方向分别为△α＝－０″０２９±０．″０１２，△δ＝０．″００５± ０．″０１１．这对应于平均观测历元（ＵＴ）：１９９７年１１月１４日１３时４３分５０秒．这一试验结果与 Ｃａｓａｓ等在同一时期内ＣＣＤ观测的结果有着很好的一致性 它反映了依巴谷星表体现的光学参考系与ＤＥ４０５体现的动力学参考系在观测历元具有较好的一致性．单次位置测定的标准误差在赤经赤纬方向分别为±０．″０５２和０．″０４７．这一精度明显优于 Ｃａｓａｓ等人发表的 Ｃａｌｌｉｓｔｏ的处理精度，并与目前国际上最好的伽里略卫星观测精度相当 相似文献
10.
张福俊 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》1997,(18):137-146
一个专用VLBI研究的卫星－－VSOP将于1996年9月发射，根据该卫星的轨道根数，我们讨论空间VLBI观测中的（u,v）覆盖及它所受到的影响，以射电源Mkn421作为实例，给出了相应的计算结果。同时也给出了该源在15GHz和43GHz的最新的10台站VLBI观测结果。 相似文献
11.
Han Chun-hao 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1992,16(4):457-464
In this paper we derive the post-newtonian expressions for the VLBI time delay and gravitational delay in the barycentric coordinate system of the solar system. We discuss the effect of the various bodies and their range of action. From the transformation between the barycentric and the geocentric systems we then give the VLBI observational model in the geocentric system. Our final results are given by formula (16) for the gravitational delay and by formula (25) for the VLBI time delay. 相似文献
12.
基于Lomb算法的非等间距VLBI观测资料频谱分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究非等间距采样频谱分析中所发生的虚假信号问题．利用Lomb非等间距频谱分析方法对准多周期采样的模拟资料和VLBI实测资料进行频谱分析,得出了准多周期采样会产生虚假谱峰的结论．通过对频谱特征的分析,给出了虚假谱峰的位置分布的经验公式并从统计学角度证明了该公式．利用该公式可以确认准多周期采样频谱分析中的虚假谱峰位置,同时对公式的具体应用进行了讨论．其结论是基于VLBI的观测资料采样特征得到的,但同样适用于一般的准多周期采样资料的频谱分析． 相似文献
13.
《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2006,30(3):318-329
The satellite “Tance 1” of the “Double-Star Program” is the first truly scientific experimentation satellite of China. Its orbit is the farthest so far launched in China, with a geocentric apogee reaching 78 thousand kilometers. The tracking of “Tance 1” and of more distant space targets, such as the lunar exploration craft, can be realized with the VLBI technique of radio astronomy. In order to test and verify the role which the VLBI technique plays in the lunar exploration program of China, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory organized the only 3 tracking stations in China (located at Shanghai, Urumqi and Kunming), to carry out test tracking of “Tance 1,” and used the time delay data obtained to determine the orbit of “Tance 1” over a two-day period, so providing a preliminary assessment of the possibility of VLBI orbit determination. The fitting error of the orbit so obtained is about 5.5 m in the time delay and about 2 cm/s in the delay rate (this for checking only), much better than is provided by the preliminary orbit (used merely for ensuring tracking) in which the corresponding figures are around 2 km and 15 cm/s. Further, if the orbit is determined by using both the time delay and time delay rate data (with weights according to their internal accuracies), then the residuals are 5.5 m in the time delay and 2 cm/s in the delay rate. For an appreciation of the true accuracy of the VLBI orbit determination, we used simulation data (of the observed two-day VLBI data) and found the results depended greatly on the error in the dynamic model of the satellite which, however, is difficult to assess, while the formal residuals are of the order of 1 kin in the delay and of cm/s in the delay rate. The simulation computation also indicates that a joint determination using both VLBI and USB data will have an improved accuracy. 相似文献
14.
V. V. Andreyanov 《Experimental Astronomy》1999,9(3):103-117
Space VLBI's highly dynamic geometry, ability to access the space radio telescope (SRT) only via distant communication links, very expensive mission cost, and scientific goals define the basic strategy and scenario for mission control and radio source observations. These are very different from those for ground-based VLBI. Space VLBI strategy must be based on the limitation of SRT repointings, periodic orbit determination before astronomical observations, preliminary preparation and checking of space and ground facilities, and recommended observing sequences and modes. A control and observation scenario is considered for an in-orbit-checkout period, and also for short (1-orbit – 1 week) and long (1 week and more) observation sessions. Examples and illustrations are given for the Radioastron space VLBI Project. 相似文献
15.
George D. Nicolson 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,230(1-2):329-339
The Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory has played a key role in the development of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) in the southern hemisphere since 1971. This paper describes how the VLBI programme evolved and the instrumentation used. Contributions to high resolution mapping of compact radio sources are described, for both the Southern Hemisphere VLBI Experiment, SHEVE, and for Global networks, where HartRAO has made significant improvements in the N-S resolution. The unique geographical location of the telescope has been used to establish the terrestrial reference frame in the southern hemisphere and to measure tectonic motions over the past nine years. The Observatory has also been a fundamental station in extending the celestial reference frame defined by extragalactic radio sources to the southern hemisphere, and results of these programmes are given. 相似文献
16.
C. Huang J. C. Ries B. D. Tapley M. M. Watkins 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1990,48(2):167-185
The relativistic formulations for the equations which describe the motion of a near-Earth satellite are compared for two commonly used coordinate reference systems (RS). The discussion describes the transformation between the solar system barycentric RS and both the non-inertial and inertial geocentric RSs. A relativistic correction for the Earth's geopotential expressed in the solar system barycentric RS and the effect of geodesic precession on the satellite orbit in the geocentric RS are derived in detail. The effect of the definition of coordinate time on scale is also examined. A long-arc solution using 3 years of laser range measurements of the motion of the Lageos satellite is used to demonstrate that the effects of relativity formulated in the geocentric RS and in the solar system barycentric RS are equivalent to a high degree of accuracy. 相似文献
17.
Zhi-gen Yang Wen-yao Zhu C. K. Shum Feng-chun Shu 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2002,26(4):303-502
The vertical deformation rates (VDRs) and horizontal deformation rates (HDRs) of Shanghai VLBI station in China and Kashima and Kashima34 VLBI stations in Japan were re-analysed using the baseline length change rates from Shanghai to 13 global VLBI stations, and from Kashima to 27 stations and from Kashima34 to 12 stations, based on the NASA VLBI global solution glb1123 (Ma, 1999). The velocity vectors of the global VLBI stations were referred to the ITRF97 reference frame, and the Eulerian vectors of different models of plate motion were used for comparative solutions. The VDR of Shanghai station is estimated to be −1.91±0.56 mm/yr, and those of Kashima and Kashima34 stations, −3.72±0.74mm/yr and −8.81±0.84mm/yr, respectively. The difference between the last two was verified by further analysis. Similar estimates were also made for the Kokee, Kauai and MK_VLBA VLBI stations in mid-Pacific. 相似文献
18.
高精度时频信号传递是现代物理学、天文学和计量科学所需要的重要技术. 要实现空间高精度时频传递必须考虑相对论效应的影响. 在IAU(国际天文学联合会)2000决议提出的相对论天文参考架下, 结合当今国内外微波和激光链路传递技术, 考察了在信号传递过程中涉及到的相对论效应, 在地心天球坐标系下提出了超高精度的相对论理论模型($1/c^4$量级), 可用于未来高精度频率传递试验. 并在该频率不确定度的前提下结合实例对定轨精度、信号转发间隔等技术指标给出了约束条件, 对于国内未来空间超高精度时频传递以及开展相关的科研任务具有较重要的参考和应用价值. 相似文献