共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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论中国人地关系演进的新时代特征——“中国人地关系研究”专辑序言 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
人地关系是地理学科古老又年轻的话题,其内涵伴随人类社会发展不断丰富,具体表现形式也具有鲜明的时代特性。自吴传钧先生提出人地关系地域系统理论以来,人地关系在学科建设及国家重大发展战略制定研究中发挥着基础科学支撑作用,其作为地理学研究核心的地位逐步被强化。在人地冲突不断加剧的时代背景下,深化对人地关系的系统认知,基于人地关系地域系统理论探讨人地关系动态演进的理论基础,并从综合视角审视新时期中国人地关系的演进过程、核心特征及机制,继而探讨现代人地关系的协调路径。总的来说,人地关系演进的实质是人地要素之间围绕发展空间的博弈过程,新时期中国人地关系演变速度加快,人地要素的相互作用程度不断加深。通过技术进步、增加要素投入和调配资源等方式,中国基本已化解了“以量为主”的第一代人地矛盾,而进入“以质为主”的第二代人地矛盾期。典型表现是,粮食总量不再短缺,但在生产粮食过程中引发的土壤退化和水资源污染等问题加剧;区域性资源不再短缺,但在跨区域开发调配资源过程中引发的生态退化和环境污染等问题凸显。提升人的思想认知和加深对人地关系的综合认知是纠偏人地演进路径的关键。 相似文献
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中国人地关系及人地关系地域系统研究方法述评 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
人地关系及人地关系地域系统是地理学基础理论研究的本质所在,其研究方法的发展和完善不仅能促进人地关系研究的不断深化,而且可以更有效地解决经济社会发展中出现的复杂资源环境问题。在梳理人地关系及人地关系地域系统的内涵及研究脉络基础上,从哲学和环境史、可持续发展、人地关系地域系统研究方法、人地关系综合表征方法等四方面评述了中国人地关系及人地关系地域系统的研究方法,并提出了未来的发展趋势。① 伴随着人地关系及人地关系地域系统内涵的不断演变,人地关系地域系统的研究方法也不断发展,丰富了人地关系的理论内涵和方法体系。② 人地关系地域系统的不同研究方法各具特点,并且各有其适用性和局限性,总体上是往综合集成方向发展,如生态足迹和资源环境承载力等,是人地关系综合集成研究的有益探索。③ 提出人地关系地域系统研究方法未来的发展趋势包括发展自然要素和人文要素耦合的综合集成研究方法,加强新技术手段和新研究方法的运用,完善资源环境基础和资源环境承载力等综合研究的理论体系。 相似文献
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中国人地关系综合评价的理论模型与实证 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
人地关系是地理学研究的经典问题,也是中国人文—经济地理学在国际地理学研究中具有突出贡献的命题。人地关系在动态演变过程中不断出现新的时代内涵,如何科学表征中国现代人地关系的状态,是精准认知现代人地关系进而寻求协调人地矛盾路径的基础。基于人地关系地域系统理论,在梳理中国现代人地关系时代特征的基础上,构建人地关系综合评价的理论框架,从人类活动的施压强度、核心资源要素的承压能力、生态环境系统的约束力度以及人—地系统的开放程度4个层面选取表征指标,秉承分级评价、逐级修正的思想,以县级单元为基础对全国层面的人地关系状态进行综合评价。结果发现：中国的人类活动强度具有明显的东西分异性及依托核心城市群布局的特征,而核心资源要素的综合支撑能力空间布局较为分散,且土地、水、核心能矿资源以及人类活动强度四者之间的空间错配度较高,在一定程度上增加了区域人地关系的紧张状态。生态环境系统的约束紧密区多集中在胡焕庸线两侧及青藏高原西南部,全国层面上人—地系统的开放程度不高,开放程度较高的区域主要集中在中国经济发达地区。综合评价结果显示,全国大约85.56%的区域人地关系状态以宽松为主,但是局部地区尤其是东南沿海地区人地矛盾突出,西部地区人地关系相对宽松,但人地系统演进的等级也相对较低。 相似文献
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张新时 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2006,1(3)
国家新闻出版总署批准《亚热带资源与环境学报》的办刊宗旨为:“为亚热带资源环境和地理综合研究提供学术交流的平台,注重具有区域特色和学科交叉的研究,优先发表原创性成果,传播学术信息,并为区域人与自然和谐发展和社会经济可持续发展提供科技信息支撑.“以发表资源、环境和地理及其综合、交叉研究成果作为本刊的宗旨,是基于我们对资源、环境与地理学三者相互关系及其综合研究重要性的认识.人与自然的关系,即人地关系,是人类生存和发展的基本关系.
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《地理学报(英文版)》2017,(8)
Man-land relationship research, as the core of geographical research, runs through each development stage of Geography. Based on extensive literature review, this paper systematically generalizes the connotations, research development and contents of man-land relationship in China.(1) It explores the connotations and evolvement rules of man-land relationship in different social development stages in China, and finds that the core role of man-land relationship in geographical research has been strengthened continuously. Changing with times, its connotations have been considerably enriched by sustainable development and other notions, and so does its theoretical system.(2) It applies the bibliometric method to sketch out the basic research status of man-land relationship in China. Specifically, it quantitatively identifies the funding sources, major research teams and journals for publication. It finds that the funding sources show a diversification trend with national funding being the primary source of research grants. The most competitive research teams are mainly concentrated in the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) and normal universities. Journals sponsored by The Geographical Society of China are most influential in publishing man-land relationship research.(3) As resources and environment are the fundamental carriers of man-land relationship, this study focuses further on the research on resource-environmental base of man-land relationship, and finds that the resource-environmental base research in China has gone through an evolution process from single factor perspective research to comprehensive multiple perspective research gradually. Research themes have also experienced similar changes from land, water, energy minerals or other single factor research to comprehensive factor research of resources and environment. Empirical study on national and regional development strategies is the feature of man-land relationship in China. More emphasis should be put on considering and following the changes in features of "man" and "land" and research on the impacts of new factors on man-land relationship in a developing and dynamic manner in the future. Particularly, we should pay more attention to research on the impacts of spatio-temporal changes in resource-environment absolute location on modes of man-land interaction, and to strengthening interdisciplinary research and systematic research on comprehensive techniques so as to advance the development of application of man-land relationshiptheories and practices. 相似文献
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Research progress in man-land relationship evolution and its resource-environment base in China 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
Man-land relationship research, as the core of geographical research, runs through each development stage of Geography. Based on extensive literature review, this paper systematically generalizes the connotations, research development and contents of man-land relationship in China. (1) It explores the connotations and evolvement rules of man-land relationship in different social development stages in China, and finds that the core role of man-land relationship in geographical research has been strengthened continuously. Changing with times, its connotations have been considerably enriched by sustainable development and other notions, and so does its theoretical system. (2) It applies the bibliometric method to sketch out the basic research status of man-land relationship in China. Specifically, it quantitatively identifies the funding sources, major research teams and journals for publication. It finds that the funding sources show a diversification trend with national funding being the primary source of research grants. The most competitive research teams are mainly concentrated in the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and normal universities. Journals sponsored by The Geographical Society of China are most influential in publishing man-land relationship research. (3) As resources and environment are the fundamental carriers of man-land relationship, this study focuses further on the research on resource-environmental base of man-land relationship, and finds that the resource-environmental base research in China has gone through an evolution process from single factor perspective research to comprehensive multiple perspective research gradually. Research themes have also experienced similar changes from land, water, energy minerals or other single factor research to comprehensive factor research of resources and environment. Empirical study on national and regional development strategies is the feature of man-land relationship in China. More emphasis should be put on considering and following the changes in features of “man” and “land” and research on the impacts of new factors on man-land relationship in a developing and dynamic manner in the future. Particularly, we should pay more attention to research on the impacts of spatio- temporal changes in resource-environment absolute location on modes of man-land interaction, and to strengthening interdisciplinary research and systematic research on comprehensive techniques so as to advance the development of application of man-land relationship theories and practices. 相似文献
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中国人地关系的历史演变过程及影响机制 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
人地关系演变具有继承性,从历史视角认识人地关系的演变过程及机制有助于增加对人地关系的综合认知。从人地关系核心内涵出发,将资源环境要素视为人地作用的焦点,以人类的核心需求和主要活动、对“地”的作用强度及认知能力为主线,在梳理中国历史人地关系演变过程的基础上归纳其演变特征,并进一步提炼其演变动力。发现：随着人类生产力水平提高,人对“地”的认知先后经历了“混沌未知、天人合一、人地相称、人定胜天、人地和谐共生”的演变历程。与此相应,中国历史人地关系经历了从萌芽到以土地为核心的一元化关系再到以土地、水、能矿等资源为核心的无序多元化关系以及现如今重新探索有序多元化人地关系的总体历程。从历史视角看,中国人地关系演变的动力机制是：生产力是最核心的动力,促进了人对“地”作用能力的发展;人口是最活跃的动力,人口需求及人口数量和质量的提升增强了人和“地”作用的紧密程度;生产关系主要通过影响人的生产积极性及资源所有权而间接影响人地关系演变;战争和自然灾害对中国历史人地关系演变均起到促进和阻碍的双面作用。无论从理论还是实践层面,人地关系研究不能脱离时代背景。中国现代人地矛盾的形成有其必然性,以史为鉴,提升人对“地”的科学认识,实施因地制宜,加快技术研发和生产方式转型是破解中国当下人地矛盾的重要途径。 相似文献
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从人地关系地域系统到人海关系地域系统——吴传均院士对中国海洋地理学的贡献 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
世界近代任何一个大国的崛起,都必须依靠海洋.中国既是陆地大国,又是海洋大国,中国的社会和经济的发展将越来越多地依赖海洋.吴传钓院士是中国杰出的地理学家,他提出:"地理学研究的核心--人地关系地域系统"[1]这一精辟的理论.同时他也是中国海洋地理学研究的实践者、倡导者和组织者.把人地关系的研究拓展到人海关系研究.提出了"地理学要面向海洋",多次提出:中国是个重要的海洋国家,地理工作不能限于"陆军",还要建立"陆军海战队",鼓励研究海洋.对吴传钓院士亲自参加海洋地理研究的实践、对年轻人的提携、把中国海洋地理学的研究推向国际等作了较详尽的介绍. 相似文献
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Progress in China’s sustainable development research: Contribution of Chinese geographers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sustainable development has always been a hotspot in Chinese geographical research. Herein, we conduct a systematic statistical analysis of the contribution of Chinese geographers to sustainable development research using bibliometric methods. Based on the review of a vast amount of literature, we identify the main research teams, research funding sources, journals, and key research fields. The findings are as follows: (1) the resources and environmental institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have a significant influence on sustainable development research; (2) China’s central government foundations (the National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Social Sciences Fund) are the main research funding sources; (3) most of the highly cited articles are published in journals sponsored by the Geographical Society of China; and (4) sustainable development theory and its research areas are being constantly enriched and perfected. Based on the statistics of keywords, the theory, research methods, research regional scales, and key research areas are summarized and expounded. 相似文献
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《地理学报(英文版)》2016,(8)
Sustainable development has always been a hotspot in Chinese geographical research. Herein, we conduct a systematic statistical analysis of the contribution of Chinese geographers to sustainable development research using bibliometric methods. Based on the review of a vast amount of literature, we identify the main research teams, research funding sources, journals, and key research fields. The findings are as follows:(1) the resources and environmental institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have a significant influence on sustainable development research;(2) China's central government foundations(the National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Social Sciences Fund) are the main research funding sources;(3) most of the highly cited articles are published in journals sponsored by the Geographical Society of China; and(4) sustainable development theory and its research areas are being constantly enriched and perfected. Based on the statistics of keywords, the theory, research methods, research regional scales, and key research areas are summarized and expounded. 相似文献
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从本土到全球网络化的人地关系思维范式转型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
早期地理学关于人地关系的研究多基于本土思维,秉持“一方水土养育一方人”的理念。在严重依赖自然资源的传统农业社会,这一理念及其指导下的区域地理研究和区域管理实践,对于促进人与自然的协调发展起到积极作用。随着系统开放程度的增加,规模不等、层级不同的地域系统形成了一个相互依赖、相互耦合的地理网络。每个地域都是这个网络上的节点,地域问题的产生与解决与网络上其他节点有密切关联、与地域系统内外因素紧密相关,地域外因素有时甚至起主导作用。虚拟水、生态足迹、贸易隐含碳排放、资源纽带关系及人地关系远程耦合等概念和方法的提出,标志着人地关系研究范式从本土思维向全球网络化思维转型。依照新的理念和研究范式,传统的本土思维范式及建立在此范式上的相关研究主题（如区域承载力）应该受到重新审视。 相似文献
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黄土丘陵区人地关系演变与土地利用决策研究——以宁夏固原市上黄试区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以宁夏固原市上黄试区为例,基于土地的属性特征,构建了土地自然属性及社会属性指数,探讨了不同时期人地关系演变特征。结果表明:1982年,上黄试区土地自然属性相对较低而社会属性相对较高,土地利用行为特点是通过对土地资源的广度开发求得生存与发展,土地利用效益差,人地关系紧张;1982—2000年,在科技因素的引导下,土地的自然属性增强,土地利用结构得到优化,土地利用效益明显提升,人地关系缓和;2000—2010年,在政策因素的影响下,土地自然属性继续提升,土地利用效益进一步提高,人地关系和谐。整个研究期内,在科技和政策因素的驱动下,人地关系不断协调发展,土地利用的可持续性不断提高。 相似文献