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太古宙花岗岩类的成因是地学界争论颇久的问题。本文以稀土元素地球化学理论论证了北京、辽吉地区某些花岗岩为岩次成因而非混合岩构成的“地层”。文章论述了主元素特征为钾质花地的岩的岩体帝是钾化的ＴＴＧ岩体,论述了主元素成分相同的ＴＴＧ岩石具有不同的稀土图谱;被长英质细脉注入的ＴＴＧ岩石受混染作用改造稀土图谱也发生了变化;各种各样非ＴＴＧ成分的岩石由于硅质的渗透被改造为ＴＴＧ质岩石。这些实例说明,必须进行岩 相似文献
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华北克拉通是世界范围内少数保存有大量太古宙英云闪长岩—奥长花岗岩—花岗闪长岩（TTG）及多期次岩浆事件记录的克拉通之一,相关研究对揭示全球太古宙时期壳—幔动力学演化过程具有重要的指示意义。本文在华北克拉通东南部归纳总结了52个太古宙时期TTG岩石样品的有效地球化学资料。根据地区与岩石成因差异,将样品主要分为三类：霍邱、五河地区低铝、低压型TTG岩石,鲁西（C带）、丰县张河地区中铝、中低压型TTG岩石以及登封地区高铝、高压型TTG岩石。华北克拉通东南部的TTG片麻岩经历了两期明显的地壳生长事件：2. 95~2. 70 Ga,2. 58~2. 48 Ga（峰值为约2. 52 Ga）。主、微量数据表明,华北克拉通东南部的TTG片麻岩主体源于低钾镁铁质岩石的部分熔融,并且源区可能受到来自于壳—幔相互作用的影响。其中,霍邱、登封地区的TTG分别受到流体、熔体交代作用;鲁西和张河地区则同时受到熔体和流体交代作用。霍邱地区TTG片麻岩形成于约2. 70 Ga,成因可能受鲁西地区地幔柱垂向构造的影响;太古宙末期,鲁西及张河地区与登封地区TTG片麻岩的形成具有一定联系,主要表现为受洋内岛弧地体侧向的洋内俯冲与弧陆碰撞增生控制,并经历了区域麻粒岩相变质作用。 相似文献
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晋蒙地区西施沟复式岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及岩石成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对晋蒙地区的西施沟复式岩体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征研究,探讨了其岩石成因及其对华北克拉通北缘中生代构造岩浆演化的启示。该岩体的岩石类型从中性岩至酸性岩连续变化且以中性岩为主,内部广泛发育微粒闪长质包体,具明显的岩浆混合成因;锆石U-Pb定年结果显示其形成年龄为160.19±0.50Ma,为中晚侏罗世岩浆活动的产物;岩石地球化学数据表明,属于准铝(弱过铝)质的高钾钙碱性系列I型花岗岩;稀土总量(ΣREE)中等,轻重稀土分馏明显,无明显负铕异常;均富集轻稀土及大离子亲石元素(Ba、Rb、K),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P),具明显的陆壳成分特征;其形成可能与中晚侏罗世古太平洋板块的俯冲有关,为华北板块陆内造山作用的产物。 相似文献
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华北克拉通是世界范围内少数保存有大量太古宙英云闪长岩—奥长花岗岩—花岗闪长岩(TTG)及多期次岩浆事件记录的克拉通之一,相关研究对揭示全球太古宙时期壳—幔动力学演化过程具有重要的指示意义。笔者等在华北克拉通东南部归纳总结了52个太古宙时期TTG岩石样品的有效地球化学资料。根据地区与岩石成因差异,将样品主要分为3类：霍邱、五河地区低铝、低压型TTG岩石,鲁西(C带)、丰县张河地区中铝、中低压型TTG岩石以及登封地区高铝、高压型TTG岩石。华北克拉通东南部的TTG片麻岩经历了两期明显的地壳生长事件：2.95～2.70 Ga, 2.58～2.48 Ga(峰值为约2.52 Ga)。主、微量数据表明,华北克拉通东南部的TTG片麻岩主体源于低钾镁铁质岩石的部分熔融,并且源区可能受到来自于壳—幔相互作用的影响。其中,霍邱、登封地区的TTG分别受到流体、熔体交代作用;鲁西和张河地区则同时受到熔体和流体交代作用。霍邱地区TTG片麻岩形成于约2.70 Ga,成因可能受鲁西地区地幔柱垂向构造的影响;太古宙末期,鲁西及张河地区与登封地区TTG片麻岩的形成具有一定联系,主要表现为受洋内岛弧地体侧向的洋内俯冲与弧... 相似文献
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为了探讨横贯南极山脉休斯陡崖花岗质岩体的岩石成因,对其开展了岩相学和岩石化学分析。结果表明,休斯陡崖岩体主体岩石为二长花岗岩,后期被细粒二长花岗岩岩脉侵入。二者都具有高硅、富碱和高钾特征,里特曼指数小于3,岩石铝饱和指数(A/CNK)值小于1;微量元素原始地幔标准化分布型式具有Rb、Th、U和K元素富集,Nb、Ta、Nd和Ti等元素亏损特征;稀土元素总量偏低,轻稀土富集。主期二长花岗岩的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布型式具有轻微的负Eu异常,而岩脉具有正的Eu异常。休斯陡崖岩体的岩石类型为钙碱性准铝质I型花岗岩,源区为下陆壳,并伴有幔源物质的混入。在源区,岩浆发生了不同程度的斜长石、钛铁矿、金红石和磷灰石的分离结晶作用,其形成的构造环境为与俯冲作用有关的火山岛弧环境。 相似文献
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芬兰东部发育的灰色片麻岩构成了太古宙绿岩带的基底。它们是由英云闪长岩、奥长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩(TTG)组成的,并且是在两个性质不同的岩浆期即2.86Ga(Kivijarvi片麻岩)和2.56Ga(Naavala)之间侵位的。根据量痕元素特征建立起来的岩石成因模式显示出,TTG岩石最终是通过地幔的包括有两个阶段的一种机制所获得的:(1)地幔的熔融形成一种拉斑玄武质地壳;(2)这些拉斑玄武质重熔并转换成石榴斜长角闪岩*再产生TTG岩石。 相似文献
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北祁连山中段北大坂岩体成因及构造环境讨论 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用岩石学的研究方法对出露于北祁连造山带中段北大坂一带的北大坂岩体进行岩石及元素分析结果表明:其岩性为斑状粗粒二长花岗岩、粗中粒二长花岗岩及中细粒二长花岗岩,含少量黑云母、角闪石及榍石,属钾质钙碱性花岗岩类;主量元素w(SiO2)=63.66%～74.38%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)=2.61～3.31,总体为高钾钙碱性弱过铝质花岗岩,岩石富集LILE元素(Rb,Th,K等),亏损HFSE元素(Y,Yb,Ta,Nb等),稀土元素分配模式为轻稀土富集型,具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.59～0.82)。微量、稀土元素分配模式与北祁连西段的金佛寺岩体(碰撞型花岗岩)基本一致。单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为414Ma±4Ma,综合分析认为北大坂岩体形成于同碰撞末-后碰撞初期的构造转换期,岩浆源区为下地壳。 相似文献
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内蒙古宝音图钼矿床花岗岩稀土元素地球化学特征及花岗岩成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
宝音图钼矿床是近几年在内蒙古西部地区发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。重点研究该钼矿床成矿花岗岩稀土元素地球化学特征,探讨花岗岩成因。通过对稀土元素配分模式和特征值（∑REE-LREE/HREE、δEu-LREE/HREE相关性）的分析,对比幔源岩浆及南岭花岗岩稀土元素组成特点,结合岩石化学组成,推断宝音图成矿花岗岩属于陆壳熔融成因花岗岩。由斜长花岗岩→二长花岗岩→钾长花岗岩→细晶花岗岩,岩体成分逐渐变化。岩浆演化中有成分分异,有利于成矿,特别是晚期钾长花岗岩富集成矿元素和矿化剂元素。 相似文献
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湖南雪花顶花岗岩及其包体的地质地球化学特征和成因分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
对湖南雪花顶岩体花岗岩和包体的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素及Sr-Nd同位素进行了分析。研究表明,包体为弱过铝高钾钙碱性-钙碱性石英闪长质-花岗闪长质岩石,寄主岩石为偏铝质高钾钙碱性黑云母二长花岗岩。两者具有比较相似的地球化学特征:在微量元素上,均表现为富集大离子亲石元素,相对亏损相容元素场Cr、Ni和高场强元素Nb、Ta、P等,具明显的Nb、P、Ti、Ba、Sr负异常;在稀土元素上,均表现为轻稀土富集,轻重稀土呈较强的分馏并具有中等的Eu负异常;包体的εSr(t)、εNd(t)值变化在207.0～247.7、-5.8～-7.8之间,寄主岩石的εSr(t)、εNd(t)值变化在214.9～236.6、-7.9～-8.6之间,均具有地壳的典型组成。在此基础之上,结合岩石形貌学、矿物学研究,本文认为雪花顶岩体中包体为寄主岩石源区的花岗质岩浆的残留体。再综合区域加里东花岗岩的地球化学特征,进一步认为雪花顶花岗岩为挤压向伸展松弛转换环境下早元古代晚期地壳物质重熔的产物,诱导因素可能为加里东早期沿赣东北、湘南、粤西一线发生的地幔物质底侵事件。部分熔融过程中没有新生地幔物质的加入。源区物质主要以长石质陆源沉积物为主,含有较多的中-基性岛弧成分;其成熟度可能较低,推测形成于活动大陆边缘环境。 相似文献
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胶北地块与金成矿有关的郭家岭岩体和上庄岩体年代学及地球化学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
胶东半岛是我国最主要的原生金矿矿集区,金矿的主要控矿围岩是郭家岭花岗岩,通过研究郭家岭花岗岩的地球化学特征对研究金矿的成因和物质来源具有指示性意义。本文研究的两个花岗岩岩体为上庄岩体和郭家岭岩体,两岩体同属郭家岭型花岗岩。通过对两岩体的花岗岩样进行岩相学矿相学观察、全岩主、微量元素和U-Pb同位素分析,获得胶东半岛中生代岩浆岩的成因机制与源区性质及自然金的产出形式等科学信息。LAICP MS锆石U-Pb年龄得出郭家岭岩体年龄125.4±2.2 Ma,上庄岩体U-Pb年龄128.8±2.0 Ma,都为中生代早白垩世,两岩体年龄相差3Ma,在年龄误差范围来看可以把两岩体作为同一期岩体,也在年龄角度证实两岩体都同属郭家岭花岗岩。两岩体的锆石组成都含有太古宙和晚侏罗纪的继承锆石,指示两岩体的成岩物质来源具相似性,都包含太古宙岩石成分和晚侏罗世花岗岩成分。两岩体具有相似的稀土元素和微量元素分配模式,表现出明显的LREE富集和HREE极度亏损,没有明显的铕负异常。郭家岭岩体和上庄岩体花岗岩都具有类似埃达克岩的特征,都具有高的Sr含量(913×10-6~1325×10-6),低的Y含量(2.2×10-6~8.4×10-6)和Yb含量(0.21×10-6~0.68×10-6),较高的(Dy/Yb)N比值1.62~2.28,暗示花岗岩岩浆形成时石榴石是一个重要的残留相,而没有斜长石作为残留相。两岩体具有较低的MgO、Cr、Ni含量和Mg#,反映郭家岭型花岗岩岩浆的形成可能是岛弧环境榴辉岩相压力条件下洋壳玄武质岩石的部分熔融。 相似文献
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Archean sedimentary rocks of very limited lateral extent from horizons within basaltic and ultramafic volcanic sequences at Kambalda, Western Australia, are extremely variable in major elements, LIL and ferromagnesian trace element compositions. The REE patterns are uniform and do not have negative Eu anomalies. Two samples have very low total REE abundances and positive Eu anomalies attributed to a very much greater proportion of chemically deposited siliceous material. Apart from these two samples, the Kambalda data are similar to REE abundances and patterns from Archean sedimentary rocks from Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and to average Archean sedimentary rock REE patterns. These show a fundamental distinction from post-Archean sedimentary rock REE patterns which have higher ratios and a distinct negative Eu anomaly. 相似文献
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Major and trace element data on the Archean metavolcanic rocks of the Prince Albert Group (PAG), Northwest Territories. Canada, are reported. The following major groups were found, based on combined field and geochemical evidence: ultramafic flows; basaltic rocks, predominantly tholeiites; andesites; heavy REE depleted dacites; and rhyolites.The ultramafic and basaltic rocks are relatively normal Archean volcanics except for the downward bowed REE patterns of the tholeiitic basalts. The andesites, dacites and rhyolites, however, are not typical of Archean terrains. Comparisons between the andesites of the PAG and other Archean and more recent ones show that those of the PAG are most similar chemically to modern high-K andesites. REE patterns in these rocks suggest that partial melting of assemblages with significant garnet are an unlikely source but it is not possible to ascribe their origin to any simple process. Partial melting of a garnet-poor mafic granulite is an acceptable source for the heavy REE depleted dacites. The geochemical characteristics of the rhyolites cannot be explained by partial melting of a mafic source or by fractional crystallization from the daeites. It is suggested that these rocks originated by partial melting of pre-existing sialic crust. 相似文献
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华北克拉通怀安陆块新太古代低铝和高铝TTG片麻岩的地球化学特征与成因 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩(简称TTG)是太古宙高级变质地体的主要物质组成,对深入理解早期大陆生长及其机制具有重要的科学意义。目前,人们对其成因过程与机制仍有不同认识。本文以怀安陆块中广泛分布的TTG片麻岩为例,探讨其成因演化和机制。研究区位于华北克拉通中北部,主要由新太古代英云闪长岩及少量奥长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩组成。我们从该区识别出富硅富重稀土和负铕异常的低铝奥长花岗质片麻岩,形成时代与广泛分布的高铝TTG质片麻岩一致(锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄2.53Ga)。岩石地球化学数据显示,低铝奥长花岗质片麻岩的主量元素具有富SiO 2(76%~79%),低Al2O3(11.01%~12.61%)、CaO(1.27%~1.59%)、MgO(0.74%~0.24%)和Mg#(18~53)等特征,而广泛分布的高铝TTG岩系的主量元素含量变化大,例如,SiO 2=63%~77%、Al2O3=13.2%~17.77%、CaO=1.8%~5.78%、MgO=0.18%~3.84%和Mg#=35~64。微量元素方面,低铝奥长花岗质片麻岩具有Eu/Eu*负异常(除1个样品为弱正异常1.38外,其余样品分布在0.59~0.44),富集重稀土((La/Yb)N=4~7,(Gd/Yb)N=0.36~1.27),而高铝TTG岩系从弱负铕异常到正异常(Eu/Eu*=0.8~5.35),轻重稀土分馏明显((La/Yb)N=10~103、(Gd/Yb)N=1.97~5.72)。在微量蛛网图中二者的区别除重稀土明显存在区别外,低铝奥长花岗质片麻岩显示出Ba、Sr的相对亏损,而高铝TTG岩系则相反。二者Lu/Hf比值差异明显,低铝奥长花岗质片麻岩变化在0.1~0.16,而高铝TTG岩系变化在0.01~0.07。在Lu/Hf与相关元素以及SiO 2与相关元素哈克图解中,二者差异更加明显,表明它们之间不存在直接的成因联系。综合锆石U-Pb、Lu-Hf同位素特征以及岩石地球化学特征,我们认为低铝奥长花岗质片麻岩是低压下由新太古代新生基性地壳物质低程度部分熔融而成,源区残留矿物相以辉石+斜长石为主,岩浆可能存在过独居石的分异作用。高铝TTG岩系主要由新生基性地壳在相对高压下部分熔融而成,源区残留相以石榴石+辉石+角闪石以及无或少量斜长石为特征。岩浆经历过角闪石和辉石分离结晶作用,铕正异常增大的现象可能与斜长石堆晶有关。本区同时形成高铝和低铝TTG岩系的机制还需深入研究。俯冲机制、地幔柱机制以及二者共同作用等机制均能解释TTG的成因。依据本区同期还形成大量辉长质-闪长质岩浆和稍晚(2.5~2.45Ga)形成的钾质花岗岩类岩浆的侵入活动,我们认为本区高铝和低铝TTG岩系分别来自底侵作用导致的下地壳不同深度不同程度的部分熔融有关。引起底侵作用的机制可能与地幔柱或地幔柱与板块俯冲共同作用有关。 相似文献
15.
The Archean granites exposed in the Mesorchean Rio Maria granite-greenstone terrane (RMGGT), southeastern Amazonian craton can be divided into three groups on the basis of petrographic and geochemical data. (1) Potassic leucogranites (Xinguara and Mata Surrão granites), composed dominantly of biotite monzogranites that have high SiO2, K2O, and Rb contents and show fractionated REE patterns with moderate to pronounced negative Eu anomalies. These granites share many features with the low-Ca granite group of the Yilgarn craton and CA2-type of Archean calc-alkaline granites. These granites result from the partial melting of rocks similar to the older TTG of the RMGGT. (2) Leucogranodiorite-granite group (Guarantã suite, Grotão granodiorite, and similar rocks), which is composed of Ba- and Sr-rich rocks which display fractionated REE patterns without significant Eu anomalies and show geochemical affinity with the high-Ca granite group or Transitional TTG of the Yilgarn craton and the CA1-type of Archean calc-alkaline granites. These rocks appear to have been originated from mixing between a Ba- and Sr-enriched granite magma and trondhjemitic liquids or alternatively product of interaction between fluids enriched in K, Sr, and Ba, derived from a metasomatized mantle with older TTG rocks. (3) Amphibole-biotite monzogranites (Rancho de Deus granite) associated with sanukitoid suites. These granites were probably generated by fractional crystallization and differentiation of sanukitoid magmas enriched in Ba and Sr.The emplacement of the granites of the RMGGT occurred during the Mesoarchean (2.87–2.86 Ga). They are approximately coeval with the sanukitoid suites (∼2.87 Ga) and post-dated the main timing of TTG suites formation (2.98–2.92 Ga). The crust of Rio Maria was probably still quite warm at the time when the granite magmas were produced. In these conditions, the underplating in the lower crust of large volumes of sanukitoid magmas may have also contributed with heat inducing the partial melting of crustal protoliths and opening the possibility of complex interactions between different kinds of magmas. 相似文献
16.
Six graywackes from the Archean greenstone belt in the Wind River of Wyoming and 11 graywackes and three shales from the Archean Fig Tree Group, South Africa, were analyzed for the rare earth elements (REE). There are real deviations beyond analytical uncertainty among sediments from the same formation. The absolute abundance of the REE (∑REE) is somewhat lower than that of the North American shale composite (NASC) which is representative of younger sedimentary rocks. Still, the results confirm previous suggestions that the RE pattern in Precambrian sediments is the same as the NASC but that, relative to the heavy REE, graywackes are slightly enriched in the light REE, shales are depleted, and there is a slight enrichment in Eu relative to the NASC. The average abundance of Eu relative to the other REE for all the Precambrian sediments is the same as that in chondritic meteorites. Attesting to the complexity of graywacke genesis, there is no correlation between the variations in the REE parameters and the variations in major or minor element concentrations. In particular, there is no obvious correlation between the excess Eu and Sr abundance. The total amount of REE, the ratio, and the Eu enrichment factor, however, all increase in the graywackes with the amount granite-gneiss detritus in the rocks. In general, the REE distributions in Archean graywackes and shales appear to be related to the relative amounts of clastic feldspar, mica, and minor phases which concentrate the REE. 相似文献
17.
煤系高岭岩的地球化学判别标志 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文主要研究了煤系高岭岩的微量、稀土、氧同位素地球化学特征。根据高岭岩产出层序、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学特征的研究，将煤系高岭岩分为两类：（１）铝土质高岭岩，微量元素含量、稀土总量，氧同位素值高，稀土配分模式与典型北美页岩相似，Ｅｕ负异常，反映其源岩为风化壳化学风化作用产物。（２）夹矸高岭岩，微量元素含量，稀土总量，氧同位素值低，稀土配分模式部分与典型北美页岩相似，反映其源岩与铝土质高岭岩类似；部 相似文献
19.
Archean metasedimentary rocks occur as components of the Isua supracrustals, Akilia association and Malene supracrustals of southern West Greenland. Primary structures in these rocks have been destroyed by metamorphism and deformation. Their chemistry and mineralogy is consistent with a sedimentary origin, but other possible parents (e.g. acid volcanics, altered pyroclastic rocks) cannot be excluded for some of them. There is little difference in the composition of metasedimentary rocks from the early Archean Isua supracrustals and probable correlative Akilia association. Both have a wide range in rare earth element (REE) patterns with ranging from 0.61?5.8. The REE pattern of one Akilia sample, with low , compares favourably with that of associated tholeiites and it is likely that such samples were derived almost exclusively from basaltic sources. Other samples with very steep REE patterns are similar to felsic volcanic boulders found in a conglomeratic unit in the Isua supracrustals. Samples with intermediate REE patterns are best explained by mixing of basaltic and felsic end members. Metasedimentary rocks from the Malene supracrustals can be divided into low silica (≤55% SiO2) and high silica (>77% SiO2) varieties. These rocks also show much variation in (0.46?14.0) and their origin is explained by derivation from a mixture of mafic volcanics and felsic igneous rocks. The wide range in trace element characteristics of these metasedimentary rocks argues for inefficient mixing of the various source lithologies during sedimentation. Accordingly, these data do not rigorously test models of early Archean crustal composition and evolution. The systematic variability in trace element geochemistry provides evidence for the bimodal nature of the early Archean crust. 相似文献
20.
华北克拉通太古宙TTG岩石的时空分布、组成特征及形成演化:综述 总被引：15，自引：12，他引：3
华北克拉通具有3.8Ga以上的演化历史,TTG是其地质记录的最重要载体。华北克拉通太古宙(特别是中太古代以前)地质演化在很大程度上与TTG岩石密切相关。在华北克拉通,始太古代(3.6~4.0Ga)TTG岩石仅在鞍本地区被发现,但冀东地区已在多种变质碎屑沉积岩中发现大量3.6~3.88Ga碎屑锆石;古太古代(3.2~3.6Ga)TTG岩石在鞍本、冀东、信阳地区被识别出来;中太古代(2.8~3.2Ga)TTG岩石在鞍本、冀东、胶东、鲁山等地存在;可把新太古代(2.5~2.8Ga)进一步划分为早期和晚期两个阶段:新太古代早期(2.6~2.8Ga)TTG岩石已在10余个地区被发现,新太古代晚期(2.5~2.6Ga)TTG岩石几乎在每一个太古宙基底岩石出露区都存在。野外地质、锆石定年、元素地球化学和Nd-Hf同位素组成研究表明,中太古代以前TTG岩石局部存在,主要分布于Wan et al.(2015)所划分的三个古陆块中;新太古代TTG岩石广泛分布,是陆壳增生最重要时期岩浆作用的产物。TTG岩石类型随时代变化,3.1~3.8Ga和2.7~2.9Ga TTG岩石分别主要为奥长花岗岩和英云闪长岩;2.5~2.6Ga期间花岗闪长岩大规模出现,并有壳源花岗岩广泛分布,表明这时陆壳已有相当的成熟度。奥长花岗岩轻重稀土分异程度从弱到强的时间出现在~3.3Ga;2.5~3.3Ga的TTG岩石轻重稀土分异程度变化很大,表明其形成条件存在很大差异。TTG岩石主要为新生地壳,但也有相当部分为壳内再循环产物或形成过程中受到陆壳物质影响。华北克拉通中太古代以前的主要构造机制是板底垫托或地幔翻转作用,新太古代晚期板块构造体制可能已起作用。 相似文献