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1.
天然磁铁矿化学改性及其在水体除砷中的应用 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
铁氧化物及其复合氧化物(如菱铁矿、水铁矿)的表面电荷高、比表面积大,在特定条件下对亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐有较强的结合能力和亲和性,以铁氧化物作为吸附剂处理高砷水已经成为研究热点之一。天然磁铁矿的主要成分为Fe_3O_4,但其本身活性较弱,直接应用于处理高砷水的除砷率低。本文对天然磁铁矿采取酸化、碱化、不同温度灼烧、不同灼烧时间等简易的方法进行改性,达到有效去除水中砷的目的。实验结果表明:经0.5 mol/L盐酸浸泡、150℃灼烧10 min的改性磁铁矿分别处理As(Ⅲ)溶液和As(Ⅴ)溶液时,As(Ⅴ)去除率达98%,吸附能力显著增强,达到预期目标;溶液中As(Ⅲ)浓度从1000μg/L下降到250μg/L,去除率达75%,即As吸附能力明显优于未改性的天然磁铁矿,与其他改性铁矿除砷能力相近,而改性方法更加简便、易行。本文研究的改性天然磁铁矿吸附剂为控制高砷水的砷含量提供了一种切实可用的吸附材料。 相似文献
2.
本文介绍了用离子色谱法同时测定矿物包裹体中F~-、Cl~-、PO_4~(3-)、Br~-、NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)6种阴离子的新方法。研究了流动相浓度对保留时间的影响以及消除负峰干扰的方法。 相似文献
3.
高砷地下水在我国广泛分布,开发绿色高效的除砷材料对于促进地区发展和保障居民饮用水安全具有重要意义.采用共沉淀法结合NaOH水热处理技术制备了二氧化锰改性粉煤灰吸附材料MFA150,并研究其对地下水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附特性.结果表明,NaOH水热处理破坏了原始粉煤灰的玻璃体结构,且在这一过程中生成沸石相,粉煤灰比表面积由1.30 m2/g增加至40.26 m2/g.在负载MnO2后,MFA150比表面积达到148.82 m2/g.此外,吸附材料表面-OH的含量显著增加,为As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)提供了更多的吸附活性位点.MFA150对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附过程符合Elovich模型和Freundlich模型.在中性条件下MFA150对As(Ⅴ)和As(Ⅲ)的吸附量分别达到2.55 mg/g和9.71 mg/g,酸性条件更有利于吸附.溶液中共存的HCO3-和PO43-会抑制As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附,... 相似文献
4.
随着对矿物包裹体研究的深入和发展,地质工作者越来越重视矿物包裹体成分的研究,因而近年来也促使我国矿物包裹体成分分析工作的开展和发展。由于包裹体很小,一般只有几微米大,它所含的物质约为10~(-11)克。其中液相一般是小于10%(wt.)盐类的水溶液,主要成分为Na~+、K~+、Ca~(2+)、Ma~(2+)、F~-,Cl~-和SO_4~(2-),其次还可能有Li~+、Al~(3+)、B_r~、NO_3~-、HCO_3~-,CO_3~(2-)、PO_4~(3-)以及其他物质。因此要分析如此微量的离子在分析技术上是很困难的, 相似文献
5.
天然勃姆石热相变体(γ-Al_2O_3)对阴离子交换-吸附序列为:OH~-、S_~(2-)、PO_4~(3-)、F~-、Cr_2O_7~(2-)、NO_3~-、HCO_3~-,Cl~-,SO_4~(2-)。它表明γ-Al_2O_3对这些阴离子交换-吸附的相对能力。γ-Al_2O_3吸附或交换溶液中阴离子时,也对阳离子发生吸附或交换作用。溶液的pH值是影响阴离子交换-吸附作用的重要因素。γ-Al_2O_3对阴离子的交换-吸附及其可解脱性,具有潜在应用价值。 相似文献
6.
利用TH-150中流量颗粒物采样器,在2012年12月至2013年3月采集了宜昌市PM_(10)样品,测试了水溶性无机离子和硫酸盐硫同位素组成。研究显示,宜昌市PM_(10)主要的水溶性无机离子有SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、NH_4~+、Na~+、Ca~(2+),二次离子(SO_4~(2-)+NO_3~-+NH_4~+)的含量与总水溶性无机离子质量浓度比值超过70%,说明宜昌市大气二次污染严重;无机离子冬季以(NH_4)_2SO_4、NH_4NO_3、Ca SO4和Na_2SO_4为主,春季则以NH_4NO_3、Ca SO4、Na_2SO_4为主。冬季白天PM_(10)中硫酸盐δ~(34)S值为2.8‰~4.7‰,夜间为2.9‰~4.8‰;春季白天为1.5‰~4.7‰,夜间为1.7‰~4.0‰,昼夜变化不明显,春季比冬季偏负。研究结果表明,宜昌市PM_(10)的来源主要有燃煤、机动车尾气、道路二次扬尘,春季还受农业活动和生物源释放影响。 相似文献
7.
银—树脂柱分离氯—离子色谱法测定卤水中氟,硝酸根和硫酸根 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文提出用自制的银-树脂柱除去卤水中绝大部分氯,然后以离子色谱法测定具中的F~-,NO_3~-,SO_4~(2-)的方法。该银-树脂柱(10mm×80mm可分离150mg氯。方法检出限F~-、NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)分别为0.06、1.29、0.48(ppm)。 相似文献
8.
《华南地质与矿产》2017,(2)
查明防城区地下水水化学特征及主要离子来源,对该地区地下水资源保护和开发利用具有重要意义。以防城区地下水为研究对象,通过分析水化学组分和氢氧同位素特征,研究地下水水化学特征,确定补给来源,识别其主要组分的物质来源。研究结果表明:研究区地下水水化学类型主要为HCO_3-Mg·Ca型、SO_4·Cl-Ca·Mg型和SO_4·Cl-Na型,阳离子以Ca~(2+)和Na~+为主,阴离子以HCO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)为主。同位素分析显示,研究区地下水以大气降水补给为主。Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO_3~-主要来源于碳酸盐岩的溶解,而高位养殖、农业活动、工业排污等导致地下水中SO_4~(2-)、Na~+、K~+、Cl~-、NO_3~-含量增加。 相似文献
9.
煤矿开采过程中的矿井涌水与人为疏水均在不同程度上改变区域地下水循环模式,最终改变地下水水质。以柳江盆地地下水为研究对象,基于层次聚类分析与离子比例法探讨柳江煤矿对当地地下水水质的影响。利用层次聚类分析可将地下水分为三类(A、B、C类),三类水主要阳离子均为Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)。A类水阴离子以SO_4~(2-)为优势阴离子,最高达707.3 mg/L,主要沿盆地中心煤系地层分布;B类水以HCO_3~-为主要阴离子,分布于盆地东西两侧;C类水以较高的NO_3~-为特征,最高达537.2 mg/L(以NO_3~-计),集中分布于盆地南部花岗岩-变质花岗岩出露区。离子比例法与Q型聚类分析探讨水中SO_4~(2-)及其他主要化学成分,表明地下水中SO_4~(2-)主要来自煤系地层中硫化矿物的氧化作用,通过顶底板导水裂隙进入其他含水层,同时促进含水层中的溶滤作用与阳离子交替吸附作用。NO_3~-含量高的C类水除了其本身引起的水质恶化以外,一旦进入封闭含水层,可在还原状态下作为氧化剂促进硫化矿物的氧化作用,从而可能进一步引起地下水水质的恶化。 相似文献
10.
为探讨滨海流域地下水水化学成分的时空演化规律及影响因素,以青岛市大沽河流域为研究对象,运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图解法、离子比例系数等方法对2001~2012年137个地下水样的水化学成分进行系统分析。研究结果表明:流域内地下水以碱土金属Ca~(2+)为优势阳离子,重碳酸根HCO_3~-为优势阴离子,主要离子含量年际变化不大,基本符合枯升丰降的原则,但区域差异较为明显;2001~2012年地下水化学类型由Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—SO_4~(2-)—Cl~-、Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—HCO_3~-—Cl~-型变为Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—SO_4~(2-)—Cl~-、Ca~(2+)—Na~+—HCO_3~-—Cl~-、Na~+—Ca~(2+)—Cl~-—HCO_3~-混合型水;岩石风化作用是区内地下水化学组分的主要控制因素;农业活动中氮肥的过度施用、粪便及生活污水等人为来源的输入则为区内NO_3~-含量较高的主要影响因素。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
15.
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
16.
正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
18.
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献