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1.
Nature and the Singapore resident 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Singapore has witnessed rapid urban development in the last thirty years. Its landscape has changed from one of slums and
squatters in the immediate post-war years to a city of gardens and high-rise high-density housing. The concept of a `garden
city' was introduced to guide the development of a city-state with abundant greenery. In the process, many parks and gardens
were created including park connectors which are green linkages between parks and other land uses. This paper presents the
findings of an ongoing research into park connectors. It reports on that part of the survey results which examine the views
of residents towards nature provision in park connectors and suggest some design options to enhance the planning of park connectors.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
《Geoforum》2018
Our study examines older people’s perceptions towards the urban environment and their spatial experiences through a person-environment perspective. We argue that Person-Environment (P-E) fit is critical to older people’s quality of life: positive environmental stimuli and personal adaptation competence have been held to influence this fit, and quality of fit will eventually affect interactions between older people and place. In a mixed-methods study, a context sensitive place audit was applied to a new town in Hong Kong, with a view to identifying strengths and weaknesses in the built environment and older people’s own strategies of living. Through 302 questionnaires and three focus groups with older participants, the results revealed high appreciation of outdoor spaces, transportation and social participation. The findings also indicate a strong association between housing typology and perceived age-friendliness. People accommodated in public housing estates tended to accord higher scores to their living environment although social exclusion was identified among oldest-old respondents in particular. Older people’s affective links with their living environment across time and their unique life-course experiences may help to explain their relatively relaxed attitudes when they face changes and hardships. 相似文献
3.
《Geoforum》2017
Drawing on findings from a study of Indigenous housing in a regional Western Australian city, this paper examines the experiences of Indigenous peoples as a particular set of ‘right bearers’ within the right-to-the-city discourse. In settler-states, colonial discourses of absence, threat, and authenticity have informed policy frameworks that have militated against various Indigenous claims of belonging, rights, and aspiration in relation to urban places. Housing has been a representative domain of struggle in this respect. Consequently, today, Indigenous peoples have disproportionately high rates of dependence on more volatile and discriminatory forms of tenure than their non-Indigenous counterparts.The paper examines the incongruence between State aspirations to move (Indigenous) people along a housing continuum in urban environments, and the actual experiences of Indigenous urban residents, which fix discursively on barriers to such movements. It also traces the deleterious, displacing impacts for urban Indigenous households of the retreat of the State in its role as a landlord for the socio-economically disadvantaged, and in responding to market signals and particular sociological theses regarding poverty, with specific spatial logics. In so doing, we advance two interwoven arguments. First, we assert that Indigenous people face a unique precarity in the Australian urban housing system, which is a result of both colonial and racially discriminatory forces, and economically discriminating processes such as capital concentration and the commodification of land. Second, we contend that this precarity sets many Indigenous people on housing career trajectories that are antithetical to policy intentions. 相似文献
4.
Tuna Tasan 《GeoJournal》1999,49(1):91-103
The aim of this paper is to show how and in what sense the post-socialist transformation process has influenced the urban
spatial structure of Warsaw with the help of empirical evidence dealing with housing. Therefore, the main focus of the study
is the transformation of the housing market in the 1990s under social and economic restructuring process. The article comprises
two parts: the first part involves the geographical development of the urban spatial structure within the context of housing
market changes. In order to explain today's transformation, the system of socialist time is also discussed. In the second
part emphasis is placed on the evidence of the transformation in urban space, dealing with new tendencies and challenging
mechanisms in the housing market. The last period of transformation is also investigated in terms of changes in the urban
space since housing is seen as an important factor of urban transformation. Hence, following the brief outline of historical
development of the urban space housing market changes including the privatization of urban land is going to be the concern
of the paper. The problems of the transformation and practical implementation of the privatization process are also discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Charlotte Lemanski 《Geoforum》2006,37(3):417-435
This paper analyses the potential for social integration in post-apartheid urban South Africa by examining the lives of those already living in desegregated spaces. The case study is a low-cost state-assisted housing project situated in the wealthy southern suburbs of Cape Town. In this social housing project, named Westlake village, coloured and Black African (alongside a handful of white and Indian) residents were awarded state housing in 1999 as replacement for their previous homes (informal and formal), which were demolished to make way for a mixed land-use development, of which their new homes form a small component. Westlake’s desegregation is found to extend beyond mere residential abode, affecting resident’s everyday lives to the extent that apartheid’s history and geography are superseded by other factors (such as proximity and affordability) in decision-making. Furthermore, integration at the everyday level of informal neighbourly mixing is prevalent. Although more formal cross-race friendships are rare, discussion reveals this as a consequence of Westlake’s specific socio-historic identity rather than racial divisions per se. Empirical evidence is used to propose a continuum of social integration experience. This continuum addresses the form of integration, for example greeting in the street, visiting homes, inter-marriage; and also the spaces of integration, for example physical space (shared neighbourhood), economic space (common employment-type), social space (cross-race friendship), political space (common involvement in civic organisations) and cultural space (shared sense of belonging). 相似文献
6.
M. F. Yassin Ph.D. S. Almouqatea 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2010,7(3):535-544
Airborne indoor and outdoor bacteria and fungi were assessed during the spring season using conventional methods to investigate the enumeration and identification of airborne micro-organisms. This was determined through air quality sampling using the ‘open plate technique’. The air samples were collected during the spring season (March-May) from four different locations. Conventional enumeration of airborne micro-organisms relies on culture-based or microscopic methods. Although a culture-based analysis is most widely used for bio-aerosol, four public places located in urban residential areas were selected for indoor/outdoor air bio-pollutant measurement. The public places included kitchens, classrooms, recreational areas, laboratories. Public parks are an important facility associated with the environmental exposure of children. Cultivation and total microscopic enumeration methods were employed for the sample analysis. 26 groups of bacteria and fungi, either of human or environmental origin were detected. Environmental agents generally predominated while significantly higher counts were detected as the level of hygiene or standard of housing dropped. Seven genera of fungi, mainly members of the genus Aspergillum, were isolated from all residents. Bacteria shows higher growth numbers as opposed to the slow growing fungi. Sample collection and pretreatment, determination techniques and performance results are summarized and discussed. 相似文献
7.
Malcolm H. Lupton 《GeoJournal》1993,30(1):37-44
Construction of the new town of Ennerdale from the mid 1970s occurred within the context of austerity and a concomitant urban policy reoriented toward the privatisation of working-class housing provision. The new town project at Ennerdale presents an opportunity for analysing institutional intervention from the angle of urban design and spatial planning. The financial and planning mechanisms through which the state constructed Ennerdale are examined and the social effects of the new town project are assessed. 相似文献
8.
以典型喀斯特城市贵阳市为例,分析地貌特征对于公园绿地供给能力的影响,采用最小邻近成本分析法和空间自相关分析,对贵阳市公园绿地的供给特征以及不同类别公园可达性空间差异进行评价,探讨喀斯特城市公园可达性的提升策略。结果表明:研究区城市公园供给总量较高,但公园斑块面积二元结构明显,且坡度15°以上面积占比53%;公园可达性整体较好,91.89%的居民小区到公园的最小邻近成本低于500 m,但不同类别城市公园可达性存在一定差异。因此,喀斯特山地城市要提升公园服务水平,首先应补足公园服务的盲区,尤其是建成区残存孤峰、小峰丛公园服务能力不足造成的隐性盲区;其次,在老旧城区公园建设需避免盲目求大,应着重提高服务质量与效率,并且发挥自然山体优势建设独具特色的公园服务体系;应结合人口分布特征和不同类别的公园配置状况,合理进行喀斯特山体公园化利用,避免生态环境破坏与公园空置。 相似文献
9.
随着经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的不断提高，我国房地产业获得了极佳的发展机遇，人们对住宅的概念已经远远不止是居住的要求了，特别是住宅消费市场化进程的加快，无论是小区规划、住宅楼的外观设计还是内部格局，都呈现出新的设计趋势。与此同时，也出现了一些忽略专业原则，市场把握不准，盲目追求“时尚”等误区。本人仅从工作实践中谈一谈自己的感受。 相似文献
10.
Tornado shelters and the manufactured home parks market 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Manufactured or mobile homes represent a fast growing portion of the housing market but are particularly vulnerable to tornadoes.
In the US over 40% of tornado fatalities occur in mobile homes even though they comprise about 8% of US housing units. We
examine the market for tornado shelters in manufactured home parks in Oklahoma. Almost 60% of parks in the state have shelters,
with 90% of the shelters underground. Parks with shelters are not concentrated in urban areas but spread across the state,
with parks with shelters in 32 counties. We find that rents for lots in parks with shelters are 5–8% higher, which generates
sufficient revenue to approximately pay for shelters, but the point estimate is statistically significant in only one specification.
相似文献
| Daniel Sutter (Corresponding author)Email: |
11.
生态文明与城市绿色发展要解决的问题本质上来说是正确处理人与自然之间的关系。生态文明是建设新时代中国特色社会主义和构建人类命运共同体的战略思想。城市绿色发展是转变人类社会发展模式,实现可持续发展的战略措施。两者之间有着鲜明的时代发展耦合特征,根据发展时序和中国经济社会发展阶段性特征,分为三个发展阶段:初期理论研究与实践探索阶段、逐渐上升为国家行动与理论体系建设阶段和国家行动的全面深化与理论体系的建立阶段。在城市绿色发展过程中,人通过以土地要素为主的生态空间和以产业为主的社会经济活动对自然产生影响,使城市发展在经济系统上实现绿色增长,在自然生态系统上提高绿色财富,在社会系统上提升绿色福利。城市绿色发展的基本思路:在城市发展进程中要始终坚持生态文明的理念,全面推进城市绿色发展;坚持城市空间规划先行方针;大力推进产业结构绿色升级和发展绿色新业态;强化环境保护和生态修复;实施基础设施绿色升级改造和推进绿色基础设施建设;加快制定完善城市绿色发展政策措施。 相似文献
12.
Residential relocation under market-oriented redevelopment: the process and outcomes in urban China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Fulong Wu 《Geoforum》2004,35(4):453-470
Residential displacement by urban regeneration in western economies and forced relocation in the Third World countries are contentious issues. This paper, based on a household survey in Shanghai, examines the process and outcomes of residential relocation under market-oriented urban redevelopment in China. The results show that commodification of the socialist tenancy right helped to initiate large-scale urban redevelopment. First, there has been a complicated process of negotiation during residential relocation, involving residents, development companies, and government agencies. The de facto right of public housing tenants is considered by a pragmatic attitude in urban redevelopment in the early years. Second, residential relocation is accompanied by the changes in housing tenure, housing conditions, and the improved built form of planned residential districts. Nevertheless, the social conflict has become intensified recently because the deepening of commodification began to favour property developers by constraining the compensation standard for relocated households. 相似文献
13.
Encouraged by government policies to promote city centre living and to increase residential land use on brownfield sites, there has been considerable repopulation of the city centre. Through detailed small-area census analysis of Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff and Swansea, supplemented by household surveys and key informant interviews, the research points to a range of population characteristics and changes occurring in the British city centre. Certain characteristics such as a high proportion of lone person households, fewer children and low car ownership remain fairly consistent. However, substantial population expansion affirms that a large part of the population is “new”. Between 1991 and 2001, men came to outnumber women, and each of the city centres saw a relative expansion of its young adult population. The new residents have a higher appreciation than longer term residents of proximity to work and leisure facilities, and of the stylishness of city centre living. Most of the new residents rent their accommodation, generally in flats, and the predominance of renting is associated with a transient attitude to city centre residence among the new population. Socio-economic evidence indicates a striking rise in social status or gentrification in all the city centres investigated, especially where high status private housing developments encourage the trend. With policies promoting residential development, the city centre is becoming increasingly socially exclusive. 相似文献
14.
Simone Z. Leao Laurence Troy Scott N. Lieske Bill Randolph Chris Pettit 《GeoJournal》2018,83(6):1373-1392
Urban densification trends combined with redevelopment increasingly moving away from large former industrial and transport sites toward existing town centres and corridors indicate redevelopment is becoming increasingly complex, difficult to plan for and undertake. The interplay between land and property markets and planning frameworks suggest city planners and urban researchers need new tools and methodologies to gain insights into ways to deliver effective responses. Despite the need, there is a limited availability of comprehensive models to fulfil the task. This paper describes a GIS-based tool to assess parcel-level financial feasibility and housing supply associated with urban redevelopment within a precinct. The tool incorporates existing and potential built form and parameters associated with the planning framework and land and property markets. Using a real case study in a workshop, tool performance was evaluated by professional urban planners in terms of its capacity to produce metrics and visualisations of potential scenarios of redevelopment. Results indicate the usefulness of the tool for emulating land market conditions and testing scenarios of planning regulation and market changes for strategic planning purposes. 相似文献
15.
Ella Ödmann 《Geoforum》1973,4(1):31-41
Urbanisation is a functional change in land utilisation which requires a high degree of coordination in time and space. Swedish society has not considered it possible to entrust this coordination to the free market forces. A number of measures was introduced during the latter part of the sixties with a view to coordinating housing development by means of local authority-land ownership and preventing land speculation. In a recently published report of a Government Commission it is proposed that dwellings receiving Government housing loans (more than 90 % of building construction) shall only be built on land which is owned by the local authorities. The local authorities may then be assumed to be the only purchasers of land for housing development purposes. Their housing policy can be given a more short-term character and can be better adapted to urban planning. Urban development in Sweden during recent decades is characterised by a struggle between the two groups of our mixed-economy society, i. e., a social democratic government, and capitalistic enterprise. As far as the private individual is concerned, both parties are remote decision makers. The important question is whether an improvement in town environment may be expected before the private individual has been given a chance to influence planning. The relationship between housing development and land ownership in some Swedish towns over the period 1950–1970 is presented as an example of the realization of land policy. 相似文献
16.
Farming among urban dwellers in Sub-Saharan Africa is a common phenomenon. The present study, carried out in a medium-sized town in Kenya, not only confirmed this but also showed that farming by urban dwellers in the rural areas was even more important for these households’ livelihoods than farming in town. However, those who could benefit most from farming, i.e. the urban poor, appeared to be underrepresented among urban farming households and those urban poor who did farm, either in urban or in rural areas, performed worse than the farming non-poor. The importance of farming as a livelihood source is illustrated by the fact that in years with very little or no harvest due to drought, many of the poor farming households faced food shortages. 相似文献
17.
B. Merenne-Schoumaker 《GeoJournal》1977,1(4):97-98
Conclusions In order to end the unstructured development of industrial building and working class housing, many countries promoted a multiplication of industrial zones and estates in the outskirts of urban centers. At the same time the difficulties faced by industries implanted in the urban network resulted in the management of many companies leaving the towns and setting up their plants on these new sites.There exists a widespread tendency to de-urbanize industry which is causing big changes in the heart of built-up areas — not always on the positive side. Consequently, a new policy is gradually being developed to aim at a better integration of industrial activities with urban areas.Undoubtedly, industrial areas should be restricted to the outskirts for heavy industry with its harmful effects of space requirement. The present migration of many industrial concerns should be halted if a true re-organization of existing urban areas is desired.In order to achieve this, town planning policies should be reviewed and certain formulas elaborated to enable a true integration of industrial functions with other functions.The location of industrial activities, therefore, seems to have reached a new turning-point in its history. Careful consideration in all urban areas, whether they be new towns or other areas, is absolutely necessary to achieve a better organization of space, which is the ultimate aim of Applied Geography. 相似文献
18.
Hyun Bang Shin 《Geoforum》2009,40(5):906-917
The urban experiences of South Korea in times of its rapid urbanisation and economic growth show that wholesale redevelopment had been a dominant approach to urban renewal, leading to redevelopment-induced gentrification. This was led by a programme known as the Joint Redevelopment Programme, transforming urban space that was once dominated by informal settlements into high-rise commercial housing estates. This paper tries to explain how this approach was possible at city-wide scale in its capital city, Seoul. Through the examination of redevelopment processes in a case study neighbourhood, it puts forward three arguments. First, the development potential arising from the rent gap expansion through under-utilisation of dilapidated neighbourhoods provided material conditions for the sustained implementation of property-based redevelopment projects. Second, this paper critically examines the dynamics of socio-political relations among various property-based interests embedded in redevelopment neighbourhoods, and argues that external property-based interests have enabled the full exploitation of development opportunities at the expense of poor owner-occupiers and tenants. Third, South Korea had been noted for its strong developmental state with minimum attention to redistributive social policies. The Joint Redevelopment Programme in Seoul was effectively a market-oriented, profit-led renewal approach, in line with a national housing strategy that favoured increased housing production and home-ownership at the expense of local poor residents’ housing needs. 相似文献
19.
随着中国城镇化进程的迅猛发展,城市规模不断扩大,人口不断增长,城市交通拥堵、环境污染、土地资源日益紧缺等问题日益凸显。城市地下空间作为城市资源的重要组成部分,适当的城市地下化发展可以在一定程度上缓解这些问题。文章简要叙述了目前我国城市地下空间开发利用的现状及城市地下空间的应用类型,分析了地下空间的恒温性、隔热性、湿度较大、环境封闭空气流通性差、天然光线不足、缺乏自然景观、没有外部形态等内部环境特点。以西安赛格国际购物中心为例,从自然采光、人工照明、植物水体和界面设计的角度概述了地下综合体室内设计的核心理念和关键步骤。最后提出了如下关于城市地下商业空间室内设计的优化思路：(1)空间布局明确,符合人的空间认知习惯;(2)通过扩大建筑入口和先进的技术手段,引入天然光;(3)运用照明模拟自然光;(4)引入自然元素,使室内外环境自然过渡,增加地下空间的活力,改善封闭感,缓解人的心理和生理障碍;(5)地下空间的各类尺度应符合人体尺度,避免产生不适感;(6)注重行动不便的人群,设置人性化的无障碍设施;(7)设计充足的休憩场所;(8)注重设计本土化,展现地域文化特色。 相似文献
20.
《Geoforum》2016
Energy poverty – or the condition of households that cannot adequately heat their homes – is produced at the confluence of multi-scalar processes, from regional labor market restructuring, to urban disinvestment, to geopolitical and geoeconomic struggles over extraction. Critical theorization of the concept is in its nascent phase and the notion itself has received relatively little attention in the United States. Our paper aims to address these lacunae by mobilizing an urban political ecology framework to consider a community-based campaign that targeted residential energy conservation funds in Buffalo, New York. We analyze how the community campaign drew upon the “network crisis” of the energy-poor home to frame critical justice demands that foregrounded energy poverty as the product of uneven socionatural development. Through spatial claims and scalar strategies, the campaign highlighted the contribution of neoliberal conservation programs to deepening patterns of uneven development, and demanded redress of disinvestment in urban housing stock through funding of weatherization for low-income households. We argue that contests over urban energy metabolism offer a fruitful area to explore the possibilities of transforming uneven development from below. 相似文献