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1.
Achieving to some outranking relationships between post mining land uses through mined land suitability analysis 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
H. Soltanmohammadi B.Sc. . M.Sc. M. Osanloo B. Rezaei A. Aghajani Bazzazi 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2008,5(4):535-546
Adoption of most suitable post mining land use is a problem with multi-dimensional nature. There are so many factors in this problem which seriously influence on the decision judgments. Therefore, in this study a fifty-attribute framework for mined land suitability analysis including fifty numbers of economical, social, technical and mine site factors developed to be a foundation for this decision making problem. Analysis by an outranking multi-attribute decision-making technique, called elimination et choix traduisant la realite method, was taken into consideration because of its clear advantages on the field of mined land suitability analysis as compared with multi-attribute decision-making ranking techniques. Analytical hierarchy process method applied to calculate global weights of the attributes through pair wise comparison matrixes. The weights then passed to the elimination et choix traduisant la realit method so that the most efficient post mining land uses could be appointed through comparisons of pair-wise dominance relationships between alternatives. This approach applied to an illustrative example where, final results showed that, there were two non-dominated land-uses for the considered example; industrial and pasture. However by increasing indifference threshold limit, the non-dominated set reduced to a single alternative that was pasture land-use. 相似文献
2.
Deriving preference order of post-mining land-uses through MLSA framework: application of an outranking technique 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hossein Soltanmohammadi Morteza Osanloo Abbas Aghajani Bazzazi 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(4):877-888
This study intends to take advantage of a previously developed framework for mined land suitability analysis (MLSA) consisted
of economical, social, technical and mine site factors to achieve a partial and also a complete pre-order of feasible post-mining
land-uses. Analysis by an outranking multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) technique, called PROMETHEE (preference ranking
organization method for enrichment evaluation), was taken into consideration because of its clear advantages on the field
of MLSA as compared with MADM ranking techniques. Application of the proposed approach on a mined land can be completed through
some successive steps. First, performance of the MLSA attributes is scored locally by each individual decision maker (DM).
Then the assigned performance scores are normalized and the deviation amplitudes of non-dominated alternatives are calculated.
Weights of the attributes are calculated by another MADM technique namely, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in a separate
procedure. Using the Gaussian preference function beside the weights, the preference indexes of the land-use alternatives
are obtained. Calculation of the outgoing and entering flows of the alternatives and one by one comparison of these values
will lead to partial pre-order of them and calculation of the net flows, will lead to a ranked preference for each land-use.
At the final step, utilizing the PROMETHEE group decision support system which incorporates judgments of all the DMs, a consensual
ranking can be derived. In this paper, preference order of post-mining land-uses for a hypothetical mined land has been derived
according to judgments of one DM to reveal applicability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
3.
Optimization of concurrent mining and reclamation plans for single coal seam: a case study in northern Anhui, China 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The extraction of underground ore body inevitably causes a large amount of land subsidence. Current reclamation technologies in China mainly focus on stable subsided land, which means most of the affected lands are submerged into water because of the high groundwater table in some areas, leading to the loss of soils and inefficient reclamation. Therefore, a new technology for reclaiming unstable subsiding land is being studied for restoring farmland as much as possible, based on a case study in northern Anhui, China. In consideration of the mining plan, subsidence processes in various stages were analyzed and some related factors such as vertical subsidence, post-mining slope, water area, and land use condition were also simulated. Due to mining activities, useful farmland has gradually decreased to merely 14.4 % of the pre-mining area. In this study, the following stages were modeled from pre-mining to post-mining: (1) percentage of farmland was 100 % in stage (a) (pre-mining), (2) 72.5 % in stage (b), (3) 67.3 % in stage (c), and (4) 14.4 % in stage (d) (post-mining). The results show that 86.6 % of cultivated land was submerged into water and lost its capacity for cultivation after coal mining. Reclamation plans for stages (b), (c), and (d) were made by a traditional reclamation method called “Digging Deep to Fill Shallow”. Based on scenario simulation of reclamation, the farmland reclamation percentages were improved to 78.3, 73.3, and 40.70 %, respectively. Taking the percentage of reclaimed farmland as the preferred standard, concurrent mining and reclamation for stage (b) and (c) could increase farmland reclamation percentages to 37.6 and 32.6 %, respectively, compared with the farmland reclamation percentage of post-mining [reclaiming the land in stage (d)]. The results reveal that optimum reclamation time should be at stage (b). Therefore, under current technical conditions, concurrent mining and reclamation could enhance the quantity of cultivated land and provide better land protection and food security in the mined areas with high groundwater table. 相似文献
4.
Application of fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making to select and to rank the post-mining land-use 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Isa Masoumi Saeed Naraghi Farshad Rashidi-nejad Shiba Masoumi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(1):221-231
The selection of an optimal reclamation method is one of the most important portions of the surface mining design. There are many factors in this problem which seriously influence decision-making. The fuzzy set theory was applied due to the effect of uncertain parameters involved in the decision-making process. Therefore, the fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making method was proposed. The aim of this study is to use the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method for ranking the optimal post-mining land-use and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method in order to determine the weights of each criterion. This approach is applied to the surface coal mine by employing 28 criteria which influence the decision-making procedure. The TOPSIS and AHP methods have been the most used methods of mining decision-making and demonstrated their ability to make critical decisions. By evaluating the alternatives and considering effective criteria with proposed methods, agriculture is the optimal post-mining land-use. 相似文献
5.
Omid Saeidi Seyed Rahman Torabi Mohammad Ataei 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(5):1477-1495
Knowledge of drillability of rock masses in engineering projects is very important in determining drilling costs. In drilling operations, so many parameters such as the properties of rock and the drilling equipment affect the drilling performance. In this study, after discussing the rock mass drillability process and identifying all the effective parameters, interaction matrixes based on the rock engineering systems, that analyze the interrelationship between the parameters affecting rock engineering activities, is introduced to study the rock mass drillability tribosystem. Given that interaction matrix codes are not unique numbers, and then possible interactive intensities are calculated for each matrix and a group decision-making method, Fuzzy–Delphi–AHP technique has been used to obtain appropriate weights. As a result, rock mass drillability index (RMDI) is presented to classify the rock mass drillability. The results indicate the ability of this method to analyze rock mass drillability procedure. Drilling data along with laboratory rock properties from Sungun copper mine were collected and were ranked according to the new classification system. Fifteen zones at the mine site were ranked based upon the new index RMDI and a reasonable correlation was obtained between measured drilling rate at the zones and RMDI data. 相似文献
6.
7.
矿产资源开发在促进地方经济快速发展的同时也对区域土地资源带来严重影响。基于对甘肃敦煌某花岗岩矿开采状况实地调研,利用灰熵理论和主成分分析法分析了露天采矿对土地资源破坏主要影响因素及其关联度,建立了以主要影响因素为参数的矿山开采对土地资源影响预估模型。结果表明：采坑对矿区内土地资源影响最为显著,矿堆和矿渣堆的影响接近且较为显著,剥离表土堆和矿区内建筑物的影响接近且较小,矿山道路的影响最小;矿山资源开采过程中应严格控制采坑开挖面积,并制定合理的开挖方案;基于露天采矿挖损和压占土地的主要影响因素建立了露天采矿对土地资源影响预估模型,其可为预测和评价类似地区采矿活动对土地资源影响提供借鉴。 相似文献
8.
煤矿采空区场地建筑适宜性工程地质研究方法 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
简述了煤矿采空区场地存在的工程地质问题；提出了查明采空区场地工程地质条件的现场勘察和室内模拟研究方法。并结合采空区活化特点，对采空区场地建筑适宜性作了分析；提出了地基处理和建筑物防护措施 相似文献
9.
Pit lakes, a common product of open pit mining techniques, may become long-term, post-mining environmental risks or long-term, post-mining water resources depending upon management decisions. This study reviews two published pit lake modeling studies and one pit lake monitoring program in order to increase the transparency of approaches used in pit lake prediction and management. The first model is a two-year limnological simulation of the existing Dexter pit lake, Nevada, USA that accurately modeled temperature profiles, salinity profiles, and turnover events observed between 1999 and 2000. The second model is a 55-year prediction of a future pit lake in the Martha Mine, New Zealand that identified the need for additional mitigation and evaluated potential effects of cost-effective mitigation options. The final study reviews eight years of monitoring data collected from the Berkeley pit lake, Montana, USA, from 2004 to 2012. This study identifies changes in the physical limnology and water quality of the pit lake that resulted from metal recovery operations, and highlights the value of monitoring programs in general. Whereas these pit lakes are different in many ways, the management tools discussed herein maximized the value and understanding of the post-mining resources. 相似文献
10.
使用模糊数学、灰色系统理论等多种数学方法和计算机手段，从评价指标的确定优选，已采区的评价检验到未采区不同块段各指标值的定量预测和综合评判，系统地提出一套未采区构造复杂程度预测与评价的研究方法，并成功地用于铜川矿区金华山矿井的构造预测，为该矿二水平选择出两块地质条件简单、适合综采的场地。 相似文献
11.
采空塌陷是地下开采矿山主要的地质灾害之一,矿山关闭后采空区土地资源如何开发利用至关重要。以苏州小茅山矿山采空区勘查研究与应用为实例,从采空区的地质环境条件特征分析入手,采用系统搜集资料,实地地质测绘,地球物理勘探验证,综合研究分析评价的"四步骤"方法,对采空区场地土地适宜性进行了评价。 相似文献
12.
北京地区许多废弃的无主老矿山未实施矿山环境治理和土地资源恢复工程,矿区内地质环境和生态条件恶劣。本文对废弃矿山及其治理工程特点进行了分析,运用灰色关联度分析法,阐述了矿山废弃地土地资源破坏效应的四个因素——地表景观效应、土体污染效应、次生灾害效应、生态环境之间的联系。以房山区石窝大理石矿山废弃地治理工程为例,提出了矿山废弃地治理以矿山环境、灾害治理为主,以园林景观绿化为辅相结合的二维治理模式,在地形整治、挡土墙、绿化等措施的基础上进行园林景观的设计,结合周边居民生活需求,利用矿区内的正负地形渣堆和采石坑,进行景观的再生和组合,将采石坑设计成下沉式休闲公园和健身广场,希望通过园林景观绿化工程的实施,改善矿区及周边地表景观和生态环境。 相似文献
13.
C. F. Bickers C. T. Dunbar G. E. Lejuge P. A. Walker 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2002,6(3):359-380
A programme of blast improvement was initiated at the Mt Whaleback iron ore mine by BHPIO management in early-1998. One component of that work was the need to improve wall control blasting practices to better achieve the designed pit slope elements. This paper describes the geological conditions in which pit walls are developed, the mine operating equipment, the blast design concepts applied to minimise blast damage, the techniques applied in an assessment of the blast performance and the operational procedures developed to ensure that the blast concepts are effectively implemented in the production environment. Substantial changes have been implemented in both technical and operational aspects of the mining operation in order to achieve the improvements in pit wall condition, in particular recognising the need for a more flexible approach to limits blasting in response to highly variable and complex geology. The benefits to the mine are not only an improved wall condition, but increased confidence on the part of mine management that mine plans may be implemented on design and on schedule. 相似文献
14.
摘要：随着我国人口、资源、环境的协调发展,后矿业时代已经到来,如何恢复矿区原有的自然生态环境是我国矿山环境治理的重要内容,也是摆在北京市所有闭坑矿山面前的重要课题。本文以怀柔圆金梦矿山公园申报建设为例,阐述了怀柔崎峰茶金矿山闭坑后深度挖掘矿区资源潜力,改造废弃设施,实现产业平稳转型的成功经验。从而得出了闭坑矿山在后矿业时代可持续发展的思路,即多渠道筹措资金,恢复治理矿山环境——整合矿区资源,寻求替代产业——打造品牌,实现可持续发展。本文作者参与了怀柔圆金梦矿山公园的申建工作,并对新建矿山提出了几点启示。 相似文献
15.
贵州是我国主要煤炭产地之一, 成本与地方条件的限制使贵州贞丰县山区出现大量的非法小煤窑, 其大多开采一年、半年便废弃煤矿, 调查其地下开采范围对矿区生态修复、土地资源再利用、煤矿越界开采监测等有一定意义。本文利用升、降轨观测共16期3 m空间分辨率的L波段PALSAR-2影像为数据源, 在贵州省贞丰县采用InSAR技术对煤矿采空区开展了短期动态地表沉降监测, 结合研究区地质条件、地下开采条件、开采时间、范围等信息, 计算了该地区煤矿开采沉陷影响角的规律与变形时间滞后关系; 而后利用上述参数及地表变形信息, 在其附近一处废弃煤矿, 对其地下采空范围及开采时间进行反演:(1)研究区煤炭开采走向影响角为83°、上山影响角75°、下山影响角80°, 地表变形时间与地下开采时间差约1个月; (2)计算反演出研究区废弃煤矿地下开采范围为380 m×150 m; (3)在反演煤矿采区, 对比FLAC3D数值模拟计算结果和野外现场调查, 验证了InSAR计算结果基本准确, 验证了此方法对煤矿采区反演的合理性与可靠性。 相似文献
16.
Yongjun Yang Xuefeng Ren Shaoliang Zhang Fu Chen Huping Hou 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(6):245
A practical issue is present in sustaining and rehabilitating the ecologically vulnerable post-mining area in which the environmental condition varies spatially and therefore influenced by multiple factors. This paper attempts to integrate the ecological vulnerability assessment and rehabilitation treatment to assist land managers in revealing vulnerable features along with developing treatments of vulnerability mitigation. Using a post-mining site in a mountainous area in western China as study area, an indicator system and framework for assessing and reducing vulnerability were developed based on a vulnerability analysis. Geo-informatics, such as satellite image processing and spatial analysis, were employed to perform the assessment and planning. It was found that higher exposure and sensitivity are the main causes of increased vulnerability in a seriously disturbed post-mining area. Rehabilitation treatments were arranged spatially and structurally based on the framework of vulnerability mitigation. A pre-evaluation of the effectiveness shows this type of rehabilitation has a convergence effect that clusters and lowers the ecological vulnerability index (EVI). The average value of EVI will be reduced by 15.02% if the minimum standards of rehabilitation can be completed. Altogether, an integration of rehabilitation treatments and the quantification of vulnerability in a spatially explicit manner are critical for planners to gain more insight into ecological vulnerability in post-mining area, which provides guidance to simplify rehabilitation planning with respect to vulnerability mitigation. 相似文献
17.
Johannes Hendrik Van der Merwe 《GeoJournal》1997,43(2):135-151
A computerised aid to the land use planning process is demonstrated on the urban edge of Cape Town, South Africa. Multi-criteria analysis is performed in the IDRISI GIS package to evaluate development suitability for four land use categories according to appropriately measured and weighted criteria. The four suitability images are then subjected to multi-objective land allocation to demarcate optimum locations for each land use type. The decision-making process entails execution of seven consecutive steps which are discussed in detail and applied in the case study. Technical decisions are rationalised and results displayed. The paper concludes with a call for the development of applications which can incorporate public participation in this type of decision-making process to ensure the wider acceptance of advanced GIS technology as appropriate technology. 相似文献
18.
Fan Yongbo Li Shihai Zhou Yang Fan Zhiyong Liu Xiaoyu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(2):425-435
The locations of the 2013 eastern ShengLi open pit mine landslide and the 2010 northern ShengLi open pit mine landslide were both in the XilinHot city of Inner Mongolia province, in areas with similar geographical, regional geological, geomorphic conditions and excavation depth. There are so many similar characteristics, such as landslides triggered by the rain storms, landslides occurred many times, landslides with long time deformation, but there are also some differences between the two landslides, such as the scale and failure mode. Field investigations showed that the two landslides were both occurred several days after the rain storms, the eastern ShengLi open pit mine landslide body with the volume of 85 million m3 has been in persistent deformation with an observed maximum horizontal displacement of 58 m in August 2013, Furthermore the implemented check dams at east open pit mine had not formed an efficacious blocking system to resist the flow because of incorrect judgment regarding the landslide style. The northern ShengLi open pit mine landslide body with 0.5–1 million m3 occurred several times after each rain storm. In the whole, the time of persistent deformation about the eastern ShengLi open pit mine was much longer than that of the northern ShengLi open pit mine because of the difference of the filling material of fault and space combination between the faults and the slope. Field investigation, physical model experiments, real-time displacement monitoring and numerical simulation were implemented to investigate the characteristics, mechanism, and retaining measures of the two landslides. The insights gleaned herein may be valuable for the understanding of the mechanisms of landslides and improving preventative measures against these types of events in north China in the future. 相似文献
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20.
G. F. Brent G. E. Smith G. N. Lye 《Fragblast: International Journal for Blasting and Fragmentation》2002,6(2):189-206
Wall control blasting practices arc necessary to reduce the impact of blasting on mine faces but can also have a significant negative impact on mine productivity and operating costs. The conventional practice in deep open pit mines is to use so-called trim blasts adjacent to pit walls. To provide burden relief these trim blasts have fewer rows than full production blasts and are fired to a cleared free-face: hence they are termed 'unchoked.' This practice leads to scheduling constraints on the pit operations and can cause ore dilution due to excessive muckpile movement. The use of such trim blasts stems from the perception that increased wall damage results from 'choked' blasts. These concerns are based on the unproven assumptions that blast vibration levels and explosive gas penetration increase with increased blast burden and face confinement. This paper describes work undertaken as part of a major investigation into wall control blasting at the KCGM Fimiston Mine, Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. It details a study to assess damage effects due to blast burden. Borehole air pressure measurements and borehole video camera inspections owere done behind a series of single blastholes drilled owith varying burden distances, as owell as behind a dedicated trim blast and a full production blast. It was found that the measured damage effects, including visible rock cracking, dilation, and the limited extent of gas penetration behind the blastholes, did not vary significantly with burden or blast type for the cases tested. This result was in complete agreement with detailed vibration measurements conducted by Blair and Armstrong [1] during the study, which found that vibration was independent of blast burden. As a result of these investigations, changes to the blasting practices at the mine were implemented. Dedicated trim blasts and free-face blasting have been replaced by modified production blasts and the practice of 'choking' blasts has been introduced. This has resulted in a significant improvement in productivity and cost savings without compromising pit wall integrity. 相似文献