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井间电磁波CT技术在溶洞探测中的应用 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
肇庆大桥位于西江流域,是连接肇庆和珠江三角洲地区主要干线上的大桥。５个主桥墩位于溶洞和断层破碎带上,地质情况非常复杂。为了探明墩位下方的溶洞分布状况,每个墩布置了６－８个ＣＴ探测钻孔,每两个钻孔之间进行电磁波ＣＴ探测,结合地质墩位下方溶洞的分布状况。实际钻桩结果表明电磁波ＣＴ探测结果很有成铲。 相似文献
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电磁波CT探测技术在岩溶勘探中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以炎陵至汝城高速公路曾家大桥4#、5#桥墩为例探讨了跨孔电磁波CT技术在岩溶地质异常探测种的应用情况。分析了电磁波CT探测技术工作原理、野外数据采集要点、数据分析处理流程,并对数据处理关键步骤进行了总结;通过对各探测剖面进行认真分析,编译出合理的剖面解释图并进行了正确解释,效果良好;获得了探测区内的岩土层对电磁波的吸收系数的准确认识,为电磁波CT探测提供了一种好的剖面分析和解释思路。 相似文献
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基于隐伏岩溶区地下溶洞的发育特征对城市开发建设的影响,利用综合物探方法开展灰岩区地下溶洞探测试验研究,获得地下溶洞探测物探方法的有效性具有重要的理论意义和应用价值.通过对包括福建永安大湖盆地内两处岩溶国家地下水监测井钻孔旁在内的三条综合物探剖面选用电测深法、高密度电法和微动探测法进行试验,并与钻孔资料进行对比分析、总结各种方法的岩溶物性特征,为探测地下溶洞提供物理依据.试验结果表明:区内地下溶洞在电测深和高密度电法勘探结果上主要表现为低阻异常,在微动探测成果上表现为S波速度低速异常;视S波速度为300～850 m/s及视电阻率小于100Ω·m的半圈闭低阻异常,可作为研究区判断地下溶洞的地球物理依据.上述三种地面物探方法探测地下溶洞的有效性依次是:电测深法高密度电法微动探测法.对隐伏岩溶大范围进行地面探测时应结合测区的实际条件(如地质构造、地下水、溶洞充填物等情况)选用综合物探方法,并进行对比映证,从而揭示研究区的隐伏溶洞的分布发育规律,以此来指导岩溶区工程勘察,为钻探孔布置提供地球物理依据,减少钻探工程量和缩短探测周期. 相似文献
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电磁波CT技术在探测堤坝工程中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
应用电磁波CT探测技术对流溪何竹料段大堤和丰顺县虎局水库大坝渗水通道进行了探测研究，由于电磁波的吸收系数和地层结构有密切关系，因此，电磁波CT是通过能量的变化观测反演吸收系数的分布，进而推测地下构造的分布，利用电磁波的吸收系数为层析物理量，在钻孔中进行透射观测，以优于0.5m的分辨率清楚地揭示了测区内渗水层位的分布情况。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(3)
随着城市化进程的加速,城市轨道交通得以快速发展.地铁成为未来城市主要交通建设方向之一.溶洞的地质特征又是地铁施工中的难点.本次研究区位于南宁市境内,地铁线路将穿越邕江堆积、河谷阶地区、溶蚀残丘谷地区和侵蚀、剥蚀丘陵区.经初步勘察发现研究区有多处溶洞且该段地处市中心,车流量较大、地下管线较复杂,以商业和居住为主.为了查明研究区溶洞发育情况,结合当地地质构造条件且考虑到地球物理存在多解性的特点.采用高密度电法与地质雷达相结合对研究区内的溶洞进行探测,其中地质雷达用来填补高密度电法勘探效果不理想的区域(例如沥青或混凝土路面).两种方法相互结合达到研究区全面覆盖的目的.进而对研究区的溶洞性质和溶洞空间发育形态进行确定,再通过钻孔对比验证取得了良好效果.物探方法共推断9处溶洞的研究结果表明地质雷达可以较好的填补高密度电法勘探效果不理想的区域.使这种综合物探方法针对溶洞探测获得了较好的效果.最终为工程设计及施工提供了可靠的依据. 相似文献
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在石灰岩地区的建筑基础设计为挖孔桩时，需进行桩底岩溶探测。钻探是进行桩底岩溶探测的传统方法，但其效率低下。本文提出了地质雷达探测法，是利用物探方法解决桩底岩溶探测问题的一个新的尝试，使桩底岩溶探测更为有效，方便和快捷。 相似文献
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溶洞、裂隙发育是桩基工程施工中的主要安全隐患之一,因此,溶洞勘察在工程中显得尤为重要。传统的溶洞勘察方法以电阻率法为主,但是受限于该法的勘探深度,同时其勘探结果也不能确定溶洞的边界,钻探也只是在极小的范围确定岩层的溶蚀状况。电磁波层析成像(简称电磁波CT)是一种发展中的地球物理勘探技术,它以电磁波在不同介质中传播特性不同作为勘探理论基础。本文以电磁波CT技术在某特大桥桥基岩溶勘察的结果,结合井中录像以及钻孔资料来证明该技术在溶洞勘察方面具有显著的效果。 相似文献
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随着城市发展过程越来越快，交通与环境的矛盾日益突出，为了保全地面建筑物，采用隧道方案也越来越多。城市岩溶探测以钻探为主，再辅以高密度电法、浅层地震反射法等传统物探方法，这些方法效率低，且受场地条件限制，很难实施。电磁波CT技术作为近些年发展起来的地球物理探测技术，具有分辨率高、野外作业便利等优势，可以较好的揭露地下岩溶发育规模及特征。本文在传统的数据处理基础上，运用电磁波CT探测技术，通过反演设置最低限值、选用反射投影结果作为初始模型、利用低通滤波和角度限制技术和采取连续测线模式架构程序进行归一化计算处理等处理技术方法，大大提高电磁波CT资料解译的精确度。研究表明，电磁波CT探测技术在岩溶勘查中有很好的应用效果，探测结果对于城市隧道工程建设具有较大的指导意义。 相似文献
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应用地震波速CT和吸收CT相结合的方法对山东省招远市界河金矿隐伏采空区进行了联合探测研究．波速CT是利用地震波走时资料反演地质体内部波速结构;吸收CT是通过能量变化观测反演吸收系数分布．地震波速对岩性敏感,吸收系数与岩石的完整性关系更密切在界河金矿采空区探测中利用地震波速和吸收系数为层析物理量,在巷道和地表间进行透射观测,以优于2m的分辨率清楚地揭示了测区内采空区和断裂破碎带的分布,探测结果已被后期的采掘所证实．探测的成功为解决同类问题提供了一种可行的方案,对促进工程地球物理探测技术的发展也有重要意义． 相似文献
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为探究局部锈蚀矩形截面钢筋混凝土（RC）桥墩重度震损加固后的抗震性能,本文对拟静力破坏后的6个矩形截面RC桥墩试件进行扩大截面加固。通过加载试验,对加固桥墩试件从破坏形态、滞回特性、水平承载力、位移延性、侧向刚度以及耗能等方面进行了系统分析。结果表明:相比于普通箍筋,横向施加预应力的改进扩大截面加固方式对破坏后桥墩试件的抗震性能修复成效更佳;在同等位移幅值下,锈蚀率不断增大,桥墩试件抗震性能呈现逐渐降低的趋势;钢筋锈蚀位置上移,加固后桥墩试件的抗震性能提升;轴压比加大,加固后桥墩试件承载力和侧向刚度增大,但延性降低。 相似文献
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地震作用下，相邻主梁间的碰撞会改变桥台-引桥-刚构连续梁桥结构体系的动力响应。为了探究主桥结构形式、墩高、引桥跨数和伸缩缝间距等结构参数对伸缩缝处碰撞效应和桥梁结构地震响应的影响，以某实际桥梁为背景，考虑碰撞能量耗散、桩土相互作用、桥台与台后填土相互作用以及支座和桥墩的非线性行为，采用CSIBridge建立桥台-引桥-刚构连续梁桥结构体系的有限元模型进行碰撞弹塑性动力分析。研究结果表明：不同主桥结构形式的主桥墩受力区别较大，相邻主桥墩高差较大时，选择连续梁桥结构体系更加合理。墩高增加使主引桥间动力差异增大，碰撞效应更加显著，仅对刚构墩受力影响较大。引桥跨数增多和伸缩缝间距增大分别使伸缩缝处碰撞效应增大和减小，碰撞抑制作用的增强和减弱也使得刚构墩内力和变形分别减小和增大，但对于其他桥墩基本无影响。 相似文献
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Experimental investigation on seismic behavior of scoured bridge pier with pile foundation 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study investigated the seismic performance and soil‐structure interaction of a scoured bridge models with pile foundation by shaking table tests using a biaxial laminar shear box. The bridge pier model with pile foundation comprised a lumped mass representing the superstructure, a steel pier, and a footing supported by a single aluminum pile within dry silica sand. End of the pile was fixed at the bottom of the shear box to simulate the scenario that the pile was embedded in a firm stratum of rock. The bridge pier model was subjected to one‐directional shakes, including white noise and earthquake records. The performance of the bridge pier model with pile foundation was discussed for different scoured conditions. It is found that the moment demand of pile increases with the increase of scoured depth whereas the moment demand of the bridge pier decreases, and this transition may induce the bridge failure mechanism transform from pier to pile. The seismic demand on scoured pile foundations may be underestimated and misinterpreted to a certain degree. When evaluating the system damping ratio with SSI, the system response may not be significantly changed even if the soil viscous damping contribution is varied. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Over the last two decades, the probabilistic assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) structures under seismic hazard has been developed rapidly. However, little attention has been devoted to the assessment of the seismic reliability of corroded structures. For the life‐cycle assessment of RC structures in a marine environment and earthquake‐prone regions, the effect of corrosion due to airborne chlorides on the seismic capacity needs to be taken into consideration. Also, the effect of the type of corrosive environment on the seismic capacity of RC structures has to be quantified. In this paper, the evaluation of the displacement ductility capacity based on the buckling model of longitudinal rebars in corroded RC bridge piers is established, and a novel computational procedure to integrate the probabilistic hazard associated with airborne chlorides into life‐cycle seismic reliability assessment of these piers is proposed. The seismic demand depends on the results of seismic hazard assessment, whereas the deterioration of seismic capacity depends on the hazard associated with airborne chlorides. In an illustrative example, an RC bridge pier was modeled as single degree of freedom (SDOF). The longitudinal rebars buckling of this pier was considered as the sole limit state when estimating its failure probability. The findings show that the life‐cycle reliability of RC bridge piers depends on both the seismic and airborne chloride hazards, and that the cumulative‐time failure probabilities of RC bridge piers located in seismic zones can be dramatically affected by the effect of airborne chlorides. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Magni Hreinn Jónsson Bjarni Bessason Einar Haflidason 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010
The South Iceland Lowland is an active seismic zone. In May 2008 a magnitude 6.3 (Mw) earthquake struck the area. The 370-m-long base-isolated Oseyrar Bridge situated close to the epicentre was hit by strong ground motion. Concrete stoppers at the top of all piers were badly smashed and all four wing walls of the abutments were severely damaged. The study showed that it is possible with numerical models to back-calculate the observed damage based on recorded ground motion in the area. The recorded loads were larger than prescribed by Eurocode 8 for the site even though the magnitude and location of the earthquake was as expected. The main reason was a near-fault pulse which is not covered in the code. The pulse dominated the bridge response and is therefore important to consider. Finally, an improved design is presented that could have prevented the damage. 相似文献
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为克服利用OpenSEES进行预制拼装桥墩纤维模型分析时干接缝区域模拟困难的问题,提出一种由刚性单元、非线性梁柱单元、零长度单元配合ENT单压材料组成的干接缝单元。通过基于干接缝单元的纤维模型数值模拟结果与文献中的1:3.5缩尺桥墩拟静力试验结果对比发现:该干接缝单元不仅解决了墩身混凝土压溃带来的模型不收敛问题,而且考虑了墩身节段宽度对干接缝区域的影响,使预制拼装桥墩干接缝处的力学性能更接近实际的力学性能;数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好证明了该干接缝单元用于模拟预制拼装桥墩干接缝区域的可行性。在此基础上设置耗能钢筋、外包钢管和墩底橡胶支承垫层作为桥墩附加耗能装置,对预制拼装桥墩进行拟静力循环加载模拟,研究不同耗能装置对预制拼装桥墩的滞回能力、预应力筋内力、累积耗能、残余位移以及等效刚度等性能参数的影响。结果表明:设置耗能钢筋和外包钢管可以显著提高预制拼装桥墩的耗能能力、水平承载力和刚度,降低预应力损失;设置墩底橡胶支承垫层也能提高预制拼装桥墩的耗能能力,但会降低桥墩的水平承载力和刚度,应根据桥墩自身刚度谨慎选择橡胶垫层的刚度。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(6):737-753
An experimental investigation on flow fields within the scour holes upstream and downstream of circular piers positioned in tandem and staggered arrangements is reported and compared with isolated piers on mobile beds with uniform sediment. The instantaneous bed elevations and instantaneous three dimensional (3D) velocities were measured using a 5 MHz Ultrasonic Ranging system and 16 MHz micro down looking acoustic Doppler velocimeter, respectively. The velocity and flow depth were measured at different locations under near equilibrium bed scour conditions. The measured 3D velocities were processed for the computation of flow parameters, such as velocity fields, streamline patterns, vorticity fields, and circulation. Furthermore, turbulence intensities, turbulent kinetic energy, Reynolds shear stresses, and bed shear stresses around the piers for all three pier configurations were computed from the detrended velocity signals to identify significant differences in the flow parameters and turbulence in the tandem and staggered pier arrangements as compared to those for an isolated pier. A recirculation zone was found near the bed in front of the rear pier in the tandem case from the streamline patterns. The vortices in the bi-vortex system were observed to be opposite to each other in the gap between the three piers in the staggered case. A strong secondary vortex also was observed apart from the primary vortex at the foot of the pier (θ = 0°) in all the three configurations. The strength of the horseshoe vortex (combination of primary and secondary vortices) was found to be higher at the front piers of the staggered arrangement as compared to those of the tandem piers, followed by the isolated pier. The bed shear stresses were found to be higher for the staggered piers than for the tandem piers in the direction of flow (θ = 0°). However, a 50% reduction in the bed shear stresses was observed behind the tandem piers at θ = 180°. The study reported in this paper provides the foundation for further investigation of countermeasures against local scour around tandem and staggered bridge piers on a mobile bed with non-uniform sediment. 相似文献
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In this paper reduction of scour around group of two and three piers using circular collar has been carried out for the case of clear-water flow over uniform sediment. The efficiency of collars, with different sizes and spaces between piers is studied through experiments in group of two and three piers. The result reveals that collar has more influence in reduction of scour depth in rear piers than the first pier. Also, when the spacing between the piers increases the area without protection between the piers is washed away resulting deeper scour holes at the rear piers. 相似文献