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13kaBP以来滇池地区古环境演化 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
根据DC93一1孔孢粉组合、总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、碳氮比（C／N）、有机碳同位素δ13Corg、磁化率（χ）、频率磁化率（χfd）等资料,结合14C、210Pb和137Cs测年,滇池地区13ka以来的古环境演化历史经历了以下几个阶段：13—10．2kaBP．气候偏凉湿,湖水深度不大;10．2－7．5kaBP,气候向暖湿过渡．湖水渐深;7．5－4．0kaBP,气候暖湿,出热条件达到最佳配制,湖水也最深．6．5kaBP前后,气温最高,这一时段古气候状况存在次级波动;4．0－2．7kaBP,气候突转干旱．湖水最浅;2．7－1．7kaBP,气候温湿,湖面扩大,湖水变深;1．7kaBP,人类活动影响的加剧,使湖泊环境的变化更为复杂． 相似文献
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塔里木河流域12kaBP以来沙漠演化与气候变化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对塔里木河流域 1 2kaBP以来地层沉积相特征研究和气候环境代用指标的测试分析 ,从时空的角度讨论了该流域沙漠演化过程、发育模式与气候变迁的关系 .认为从 1 2kaBP以来随着全球气温的回升 ,在 1 2～ 1 0kaBP期间 ,气候温凉偏干旱、泛洪堆积明显、风沙活动弱 ;1 0～ 8kaBP期间 ,气候干冷、风沙活动强烈 ,是沙漠大规模扩展时期 ;8～ 3kaBP期间的全新世高温期 ,气候干燥炎热 ,塔里木河流域周围和山区冰雪融水增多 ,河流水量增加 ,河流泛洪沉积十分活跃 ,但流沙规模的缩小、沙丘固定仅限制在河湖沿岸和沙丘低洼地区 ;从 3kaBP至今 ,在新冰期作用下 ,加上人类不合理的经济活动导致流域环境恶化、风沙活动盛行、沙尘暴频繁 .地层沉积相的古气候证据提示 :1 2kaBP以来该流域在全球气候波动的影响下叠加了内陆干旱盆地的环境效应 ,是总体干燥气候条件下 ,具有暖干与冷干交替变化规律 . 相似文献
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晚第四纪中亚高山湖泊的演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中亚晚第四纪商山湖泊的演化受到复杂的气候波动釤响，主要由水汽的变化、湖盆冰川作用和径流与 流址的变化而引起的。冷干条件伴随右融水补给的减少和湖退；暖湿条件引起了冰川的后退，增加了融水补给，引起湖进。分布于不同海抜高度的天山和帕米尔竑原地区的湖泊，普遍处于较干旱的环境中，通过对湖盆地貌学、冰川和湖泊沉积物的分布和成份的研究、以及对湖泊沉积物的孢粉分析和埋藏植物碎屑的l4C年代测定，可以里违晚贝新世以来益山湖泊的演化阶段和中亚高山区的古地理环堍。22000-17000a B.P.，天山查特尔库尔湖和帕米尔喀拉湖为外流淡水湖，面积超过目前的2-3倍。湖泊沉积物中孢粉以干草原植被为主，反映气候较暖湿。16000-11000a B.P.，冻川活动达到极盛，气候寒冷、干燥，湖泊干涸、消失。孢粉频率低，以旱生植物花粉为主。10000-8000a B.P.，温度、湿度提中湿植物和蒿属相对藜科增加，开始湖进。查特尔库尔湖水位较今高12m，面积超过现今3倍；8000—4000a B.P.，天山和东帕米尔的湖盆气侯相对暖湿。4000—3500a B.P.，气候变干，旱生植物花粉增加。3000a B.P.以来以气候干旱化为特征，植被以高山干草原和草原-荒漠为主。1500a B.P.以来气候更趋干早，干旱植物花粉增加，湖水位下降，一直持续至今。据历史和考古资料，公元14-16世纪天山气候暖干化，发生湖退；17—18世纪天山和帕米尔湿度增加，出现湖进。目前该地区湖水位普遍处于下降时期，仅若干冰融水补给湖泊有湖进的迹象。 相似文献
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古昆仑湖地区183-90kaBP间的微体古生物与环境变迁 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
古昆仑湖位于昆仑山垭口昆仑河谷地,大约在200kaBP前已开始沉积,沉积物为一套灰、灰绿、土黄色粉砂质、砂质粘土,厚约7m.在纳赤台西北剖面5.6-2.4m层段产较多微体化石,介形类有8属12种:Ilyocypris biplicata(Koch),I.bradyi Sars,Eucypris crassa(Mller),E.elliptica(Baird),E.rischtanica Schneider,Candona candida(Mller),Stenocypriscf.major(Baird),Cypridopsis obesa Brady Robertson,Prionocypris gansenensis Huang,Potamocypris villosa(Jurine),P.cf.wolfi Brehm和Limnocythere dubiosa Daday等.轮藻类有Chara aliensis Z.Wang,Chara gansenensis S.Wang和Charasp.根据U系法测年,含化石地层的年龄大约为168-90kaBP,属于倒数第二次冰期至末次间冰期早期.按生物组合和沉积物特征分析,古昆仑湖区在183-90kaBP的环境气候变化大致有两个大的期次、6个小期次:(1)183-130kaBP冷湿期,湖区环境较冷湿,湖泊水质较淡,水温不高.早期(约183-170kaBP),湖面较宽,水体较深,环境动荡,化石贫乏;中期(约170-151.3kaBP),湖面有一定收缩,水质含盐度有所提升,水温仍不高,湖区环境湿度较大;晚期(约151.3-130kaBP),化石贫乏,生态环境、水质条件可能与早期类同.(2)130-90kaBP凉湿期,湖内生态环境较好,生物门类中除介形类外,出现沉水性植物轮藻类,且介形类生物量较前期有很大增加,属种分异度较好.早期(约130-105kaBP),偏冷湿;中期(约105-98kaBP),凉湿,为生物大发展大繁盛时期;晚期(约98-90kaBP),偏凉湿,在98-93kaBP,环境不宜生物生息,化石贫乏;约93-90kaBP,生态环境有所改善,有介形类3属5种,但生物量较小. 相似文献
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40 ka以来青藏高原的4次湖涨期及其形成机制初探 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
40 ka来青藏高原现在封闭湖区至少经历了4次显著的湖泊扩涨期. 40~28和9.0~
5.0 kaBP湖涨期是高原暖湿气候时段的产物, 分布范围最广, 湖涨最为显著; 其产生于岁差周期高太阳辐射阶段, 强劲的夏季风形成的丰沛降水是造成湖涨的主要原因. 40~28 kaBP湖涨期, 高原湖域浩瀚, 河湖串联, 湖泊呈现40 ka以来的最高最大湖面. 19~15和13~11 kaBP期间, 高原湖泊扩涨存在区域性, 前者同高原冷湿气候与季节性冰融水增加有关, 后者则与末次冰消期冰融水与夏季风降水增加有关. 造成湖涨期表现形式与环境机制复杂多样的原因, 是北方冷气候事件, 特别是Heinrich事件叠加在由岁差周期太阳辐射变化驱动的夏季风强弱变化背景之上, 高原阶段性冷湿与暖湿环境及其由此形成的高原冰融水阶段性增加的结果. 相似文献
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通过对青海湖QH1孔沉积物稀土元素丰度分布模式及稀土总量(REE)的分析结合沉积物中TOC含量粒度参数的变化特征探讨了稀土元素纵向变化与气候环境之间的关系. 结果表明青海湖沉积物中稀土元素总丰度值不高平均值为63mg/kg不包括Y左右. 总体上表现以半干旱的环境为主导化学风化作用相对微弱. 同时湖泊沉积物具有轻稀土相对富集缓右倾斜型CeEu基本上无明显异常的REE分布模式. 稀土元素与总有机碳TOC粒度之间存在较好的相关性. 分析表明沉积物中REE高值段指示暖湿气候环境REE低值段代表冷干气候环境. 根据稀土元素分布与沉积环境的关系重建了8500aBP以来青海湖区经历4次较大的暖湿-温干-暖偏湿-冷偏干的气候演化过程. 从而得出在高寒半干旱地区的青海湖沉积物中稀土元素对古气候变化具有良好的指示作用. 相似文献
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赛里木湖孢粉记录的亚洲内陆西风区全新世植被与气候变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对西风区新疆赛里木湖沉积岩芯的精确定年和孢粉、炭屑分析,重建了该地区全新世以来的植被和气候环境演化历史.结果表明,~9.6cal.kaBP前的早全新世,研究区以荒漠植被为主,A/C比值和第一主成分样品得分所指示的有效湿度明显偏低,第二主成分样品得分所指示的气温回升,气候干旱.9.6~5.5cal.kaBP的中全新世湖区为典型的荒漠草原/草原植被,区域有效湿度明显增加,气温较高,为温暖时期.其中6.5~5.5cal.kaBP期间,研究区植被由荒漠草原/草原迅速转变为荒漠,有效湿度明显降低,同时温度升至最高,可能是一次千年尺度的高温干旱事件.5.5cal.kaBP以来的中-晚全新世,研究区呈现出典型的草原/草甸景观,有效湿度相对较高,温度大幅降低,气候温凉湿润,相对较为适宜.赛里木湖孢粉、炭屑记录的温度和湿度变化与区域其他湖泊记录对比的一致性表明,太阳辐射是造成区域温度变化的主要驱动因素,同时温度变化影响了区域的有效湿度变化.该地区早全新世气候干旱,中-晚全新世气候相对湿润的气候环境演化特征与季风影响区有着明显的差异.早全新世干旱是中纬度西风减弱和上风向蒸发减少的环流背景下局地温度高蒸发强烈的结果. 相似文献
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对江汉平原江陵剖面沉积物中的总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、有机碳同位素δ13C值和粒度参数的分布特征与环境气候的关系进行了研究.结果表明：沉积物中有机碳、总氮较高,有机质的δ13C值偏负,沉积物的平均粒径较粗时,气候温暖湿润;反之,沉积物中有机碳、总氮较低,有机质的δ13C值偏正,沉积物的平均粒径较细时,气候温凉偏干.结合14C测年,判别江汉平原江陵地区的古气候演化过程：8900-6070 aBP,为温湿时期;6000-4600 aBP为相对冷干时期;4600-2500 aBP为温暖湿润时期;2500 aBP以来为温凉偏干时期. 相似文献
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Two sediment cores, one 396 cm long from west Taihu Lake, another 246 cm long from east Taihu Lake, are interpreted from the analysis of their magnetic susceptibility, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total pigments, organic carbon isotope, hydrogen index, saturated hydrocarbons, 14C dating and surficial sediment conditions. The west Taihu Lake core is the longest one studied in this lake so far, and has provided us the most complete environmental and climatic information for this lake. The results from the west Taihu lake core indicate that Taihu Lake has undergone the following stages:from ca.14 300 to 13 300 aB.P. Taihu Lake was in low lake-level, and there existed exposed features from the proxies reflecting arid paleoclimate. From ca.13 300 to 12 400 aB.P. an arid transitional stages occurred with a slightly warmer and wetter climate. From ca. 12 400 to 10 900 aB.P. a period of large climatic fluctuation occurred and from 10900-10 000 aB.P. a warm period developed with deep water and strongly reducing sediments. During ca.10 000-7 200aB.P., a cool transitional period alternating with a warm climate occurred. It was warm and wet during 7 200-5 700aB.P.; some proxies changed violently in 5 050aB.P., reflecting obvious changes in material source and a probable interruption of sedimentation. The east Taihu Lake history from ca. 6 550 to 6 450 aBP, the climate was cold and dry, and gradually turned warm and wet in ca. 6 450-6 050 aBP. It was warm and wet in ca. 6 050-5 800 aBP and had a cold tendency in 5 800-ca. 5 000 aBP. An abrupt change occurred at ca. 5 000 aBP, and the lake sediment in the uppmost part was disturbed by wave action indicating shallow water conditions. 相似文献
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藏西北结则茶卡湖面到高位湖岸线间湖泊记录发育,沿岸湖积物中3个U系年龄分别为14.2±1.2kaBP、38.0±3.5 kaBP和41.6±3.2 kaBP,6个浅井沉积物中CaO、MgO、NaCl、LiCl、B2O3的含量与沉积物形成时代和环境有一定的关联性.在中更新末期,该湖可能处于高湖位期,随着晚更新世初期以来气候变干,湖面开始下降,湖泊逐渐萎缩,湖水盐度逐渐增加,Ca和Mg含量变高,但在30kaBP左右,气候有过短暂湿润期,湖水出现返淡趋势,之后湖水进一步浓缩,湖水中Na、B、Li含量显著增高,盐湖大约在15kaBP左右形成. 相似文献
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《Geofísica Internacional》2014,53(4):365-383
Climatic changes are reflected in variations of different parameters. Sequences of lake sediments are good sources of this information because they provide continuous and detailed records of palaeoclimatic changes. In order to determine the changes in climate in SE Pampas plain, in this paper we present a series of rock magnetic studies performed on a bottom core collected from Lake La Brava (Argentina).In order to establish lake level variations, we also measure total sulphur, organic and inorganic carbon (TS, TOC and TIC) content, alkaline elements, light and heavy metals and changes in vegetation communities. Five radiocarbon age determinations were made from samples of organic-rich clay and calibrated ages were calculated. The averaged sediment accumulation rate is 1.3 mm/yr and the sequence represents a temporal extent of about 4800 calibrated years before the present (cal. BP).The main aim was to reconstruct the hydrological balance of the lake, the changes in erosional strength and sediment supply within the catchment area since the Middle Holocene, and to explore the extent to which these may be linked to changes in climate and/or human activities. The results of this work and previous studies suggest periodic changes from cooler to warmer and humid conditions. Relationships between submerged and emergent plants are consistent with the behaviour of magnetic susceptibility. TOC changes suggest wet environment during magnetic enhancement. Floods and lower lake level events were identified in detail. Changes in sediment contribution and depositional processes for the last 50 cal. BP are caused by human impact, particularly by the use of natural resources. 相似文献
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中国末次冰盛期以来湖泊水量变化及古气候变化机制解释 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国古湖泊数据库收录的42个湖泊,提供的湖泊水量每千年变化的空间信息,可以用来系统分析中国区域末次冰盛期以来大气环流变化的状况.研究结果表明:我国西部从末次冰盛期以来直至全新世中期均为较湿润的气候状况,推测冰期内的湿润条件主要与西风带的降水以及低温低蒸发密切相关,而全新世主要为夏季风降水增加所致;全新世晚期气候趋干明显.我国东部的大部分区域在冰盛期和晚冰期较为干旱;只是在全新世有效降水状况才有大幅度的改善,全新世中期夏季风降水的效应仍然相当显著,控制的范围可达整个中国西部,同时位于现代季风气候区的中国东部,有效降水的峰值区的变化似乎存在从北往南的穿时性,南方有效降水峰值出现在晚全新世.而西南季风区湿润状况的明显改善发生在晚冰期,比东南季风区发生的早,显然这与两个季风系统的相互消长有一定的关系.我国东北区的湿润状况改善的也较早,显示了独特的季风气候机制. 相似文献
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Jia Yulian Shi Yafeng Wang Sumin Jiang Xuezhong Li Shijie Wang Aijun Li Xusheng 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2001,44(1):301-315
Since 40 kaBP, the current endorheism on the Tibetan Plateau had experienced at least four lake-explanding events, at 40-28 kaBP, 19-15 kaBP, 13-11 kaBP, 9.0-5.0 kaBP, respectively. The 40-28 kaBP and 9.0-5.0 kaBP lake-expanding events, corresponding to the global warming periods, were mainly determined by the abundant summer monsoon rainfall brought by strong Indian monsoon, aroused by enhanced solar radiation at earth orbital precessional cycle. The 40-28 kaBP lake-expanding event, also called the great lake period or the pan-lake period, for several great lake groups had come into being by the interconnection of the presently isolated and closed lake catchments. The total lake area over the Tibetan Plateau was estimated at least up to 150000 km2, 3.8 times of the present, and the lake supply coefficients were about 3–10. The 9.0-5.0 kaBP lake-expanding, with a total lake area of 68000 km2, less than the above mentioned reflected the Indian monsoon rainfall less than that of 40-28 kaBP. The expanded lakes at 19-15 kaBP and 13-11 kaBP, distributed in these basins with more or less existing glacial, indicated plenty of glacial meltwater discharged to balance evaporation on expansive lake surface. At the same time, the enhanced precipitation by the westerlies at 19-15 kaBP and by Indian monsoon at 13-11 kaBP plays an important role in maintaining the high lake level. Heinrich events greatly affected the evolution of climate system over the Tibetan Plateau, and thus gave a clear boundary of the high lake level change in the late Quaternary.
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