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1.
川中磨溪地区嘉二段碳酸盐岩储集空间类型以孔隙性储层为主,储层孔喉配置关系较为复杂,储层非均质性强,给物性下限值的确定带来一定困难.基于嘉二段孔隙结构差异,分为两部分(嘉二1与2A小层、嘉二2B和2C小层)对研究区嘉二段碳酸盐岩储层物性下限值进行确定,通过前人对沉积、储层等的研究及现有岩心分析与动态生产资料确定储层物性下限值.结合物性下限值的研究结果探讨沉积与成岩等作用对储层的控制,研究区储层有效性主要受沉积微相和成岩作用的控制,沉积严格控制着储层的分布,成岩影响着原生孔隙的保留程度和次生孔隙的发育程度. 相似文献
2.
《地球物理学进展》2017,(3)
在岩心观察的基础上,结合常规、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、压汞和核磁共振等资料对鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区延长组长7段致密油储层岩石学、物性特征及孔隙结构特征进行了研究.结果表明合水地区长7油层组致密油储层储集空间以溶蚀孔隙和微孔隙为主,原生孔隙保留较少,孔喉连通性较差,总体表现为物性差和孔隙结构复杂的特征.储层经历较强的压实作用,胶结物类型主要为碳酸盐和粘土矿物,此外还发育较强的溶蚀作用.根据压汞曲线形态与压汞参数,结合核磁共振T_2谱特征,将长7致密油储层孔隙结构类型划分为四类.并分别阐明了压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用及其微孔隙含量对不同类型孔隙结构的影响,并运用综合考虑了压实、胶结成岩作用以及微孔隙含量的成岩综合系数来阐明并定量表示成岩过程中多种成岩作用对孔隙结构改造的综合效应.成岩综合系数与T_2几何平均值具有良好的统计正相关关系,因此可以作为不同类型孔隙结构定量表征的理想参数.经过对影响孔隙结构特征的成岩作用类型和强度的深入剖析,可在成因机理分析的基础上通过成岩综合系数来实现储集岩孔隙结构的定量评价.同时通过T_2几何平均值可以反推储层在成岩演化阶段所经历的成岩作用类型及强度,进而实现储层精细评价. 相似文献
3.
《地球物理学进展》2015,(1)
通过岩心观察、普通薄片、铸体薄片、荧光薄片、X衍射、物性分析、扫描电镜分析和高压压汞曲线等资料,对克深地区巴什基奇克组致密砂岩储层的岩石学特征、物性特征和微观孔隙结构特征进行了研究.结果表明储层以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,物性总体较差,孔隙类型多样,大小相差悬殊,孔喉组合类型以中孔微喉和小孔微喉型为主,连通性差.根据毛管压力曲线形态和参数特征分析,可将储层基质孔隙结构划分为4种类型.最后从沉积、成岩和构造三方面入手深入剖析储层孔隙结构的成因机理,认为孔隙结构受砂体原始组分和结构的先天控制,成岩过程中的压实、胶结和粘土矿物转化等将造成孔隙变小,喉道变窄,结构复杂,而溶蚀作用又可使孔隙变大,喉道变宽.侧向上构造挤压进一步减孔,而伴随构造裂缝而产生的微裂缝是改善储层物性和增强孔隙结构非均质性的另一重要因素. 相似文献
4.
南堡凹陷4号构造晚期成岩作用强烈、储层非均质性强、孔隙结构复杂，导致优质储层岩石物理特征不清及储层有效性评价难.针对这一难题，综合利用岩心薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、X全岩衍射、毛管实验及测录、试油等数据对储层的沉积特征、成岩特征及孔隙结构特征开展相控研究，研究结果表明研究区东二、东三段沉积相主要发育辫状河三角洲相，沉积微相主要发育水下分流河道、分流间湾、河口坝等；依据成岩作用及矿物类型将成岩相划分为弱溶蚀相、黏土矿物充填相、碳酸盐胶结相、压实致密相四类；根据储层物性及压汞等数据将孔隙结构相划分为Ⅰ类大孔粗喉型、Ⅱ类大孔中喉型、Ⅲ类中孔细喉型、Ⅳ类小孔微喉型.基于沉积、成岩、孔隙结构三种特征单元叠加聚类分析将储层岩石物理相划分为PF1-PF4四类，其中PF1为油气及油水产能高的优势储层，PF2为产能一般的含油储层，PF3为需要储层改造才有产能的较差储层，PF4为无效储层，通过测井响应规律建立岩石物理相分类评价标准，为研究区储层有效性评价、优势储层预测以及后续的滚动开发提供了技术支撑和坚实的理论基础. 相似文献
5.
《地球物理学进展》2020,(4)
为探讨浅层致密砂岩油藏储层成岩作用及孔隙演化问题,以鄂尔多斯盆地南部B油田延长组长3-长7油层组为研究对象,开展岩石学特征、成岩作用、孔隙演化研究.研究表明,B油田长3-长7油层组碎屑成分差异不大,长7油层组石英含量高,长6油层组长石、岩屑含量高,长3油层组云母含量高.长3油层组粒级分布相对较粗,其次为长7油层组,长6油层组粒级分布最细.从长3、长6至长7油层组,碳酸盐胶结物含量、黏土矿物总量、伊/蒙间层含量、伊利石含量逐渐增加,高岭石、绿泥石含量依次减小,成岩胶结、交代作用依次增强.成岩作用阶段为早成岩B期至中成岩A期.随油藏储层埋藏深度增加,成岩作用强度持续、不断增强.储层孔隙演化研究表明,长3、长6、长7油层组初始孔隙度接近,压实成岩作用过程中损失的孔隙度也比较接近.随油藏埋藏深度增加,成岩作用中胶结作用增强,溶蚀作用减弱.长6、长7油层组胶结作用明显强于长3油层组,长3油层组溶蚀作用明显强于长6、长7油层组.随埋深增加,绝对溶蚀作用减弱,相对溶蚀作用增强. 相似文献
6.
基于岩石物理相约束的致密砂岩气储层渗透率解释建模 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
充分利用岩心、薄片和钻测井等资料,对四川盆地JQ区块须家河组须二段致密砂岩气储层的沉积微相、成岩相和裂缝相特征进行了研究.结果表明,须二段沉积以辫状河三角洲前缘为主,发育水下分流河道、河口坝和分流间湾等微相;根据成岩作用类型、强度、成岩矿物及其对储层物性的影响将储层划分为压实致密、碳酸盐岩胶结、伊蒙混层充填和不稳定组分溶蚀4种成岩相;裂缝相则以局部层段发育的近水平缝为主.通过三者的叠加与复合对储层岩石物理相进行分类命名,划分出了河口坝-不稳定组分溶蚀-近水平缝相等多种岩石物理相.然后按照岩石物理相对储层物性的建设与破坏作用对其进行聚类分析,归纳出了PF1～PF4四大类岩石物理相.通过建立每一类岩石物理相的孔隙度-渗透率关系表明,基于岩石物理相约束而建立的储层渗透率解释模型具有更高的精度.岩石物理相是揭示致密砂岩气储层成因机理并提高其物性参数测井解释精度的有效途径. 相似文献
7.
江苏省徐州市大北望剖面早寒武世馒头组的碳酸盐岩地层发育较好,沉积类型多样,成岩特征明显,是研究碳酸盐岩沉积及成岩作用的理想剖面之一。文章采用微相分析的方法 ,对该剖面碳酸盐岩的生物组合、颗粒成分、基质类型及其结构等微相特征做了研究。根据颗粒类型、沉积结构和化石,本区的碳酸盐岩可以被分为3个大类和10种化石碳酸盐岩微相类型:泥晶颗粒灰岩(微相1至微相5),颗粒泥晶灰岩(微相6至微相8)和泥晶灰岩(微相9和微相10)。每一种微相对应特定的沉积环境及演化特征。综合分析表明,研究区下寒武统形成于泻湖、局限台地、开阔台地和台地边缘的浅滩环境,据此建立了沉积相模式。在徐州大北望地区进行的关于碳酸盐岩微相的研究表明早寒武世晚期的馒头组继承了早寒武世中期的特点,且海侵持续扩大的持续沉降活动。 相似文献
8.
为研究油气藏储层异常高压的形成机理及对储集层物性的影响,以渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷文东油田沙河街组沙三中油藏为研究对象.通过镜质体反射率、显微镜下薄片、扫描电镜、X-衍射及实测压力等资料的分析表明:研究区储层异常高压形成的主要控制因素有生烃作用、膏盐岩封闭作用及断层的封闭性,油藏压力系数与储层物性参数具有较好的对应关系.异常高压对深部储集层物性的改善主要表现为:(1)减缓压实作用,有效保护原生孔隙;(2)促进溶解作用,形成大量的次生孔隙;(3)抑制黏土矿物的转化和后期成岩作用的持续进行;(4)致使储层岩石发生破裂,形成微裂缝.研究异常高压的形成机理及对深部低渗砂岩储集层物性的影响,对于深层油气勘探、开发具有重要意义. 相似文献
9.
临清坳陷某区块缺少岩心、薄片、录井及常规测井资料。为了研究其目的层山西组沉积相对储层的控制作用,指导非常规天然气的高效开发。通过利用较少的录井岩性统计资料,结合地震物探方法,分析地震剖面特征、优选地震均方根振幅及相对波阻抗属性,确定该区目的层沉积相。通过上述地震属性研究的物探方法,确定山西组储层为河控浅水三角洲相和碳酸盐台地相,主要发育分流河道、分流间湾及局限台地沉积微相。其中三角洲相是主要的沉积相类型,分流河道是有效储层发育的主要微相类型。 相似文献
10.
《应用地球物理》2019,(4)
碳酸盐岩储层是油气勘探的重要储层类型,不同地区的碳酸盐岩储层在沉积、成岩过程都存在着明显的差异,这种差异是引起其物性及地震弹性性质变化的的主要因素。为认识这种机制,在本文中我们对取自塔里木盆地不同地区碳酸盐岩储层不同层位的98块样品进行了岩石学特征、岩石微观结构特征、物性特征和地震弹性特征识别分析,并研究了样品物性对地震弹性性质的影响及其变化规律。研究结果表明,碳酸盐岩样品物性与地震弹性性质整体变化规律受微晶方解石结构特征的控制,而传统的岩石结构及孔隙结构分类不能完全反应上述特征的变化。依据形态特征可将样品微晶结构分为多孔微晶、紧密微晶体和致密微晶三种类型,随着上述三种微晶中晶体边界紧密缝合接触的程度增加,其微晶晶间孔隙度与孔喉半径逐渐减小,同时方解石晶体颗粒边界刚度特征与弹性均匀性的逐渐增强,致使样品渗透率与速度等地震弹性特征表现出随孔隙增大而逐渐减小的总体趋势。对于以致密微晶为主的低孔隙度样品(孔隙度φ5%),微晶孔隙对样品孔隙及渗透率贡献较小,同时微晶弹性性质接近岩石基质,致使岩石宏观物性特征与弹性性质受裂隙、溶蚀孔隙等的影响更为明显,样品物性与地震弹性性质的特征表征孔隙结构的控制作用。孔隙纵横比对孔隙类型也具有明显的指示作用,溶蚀孔隙的体积模量纵横比高于0.2,粒间孔体积模量纵横比介于0.1~0.2之间,多孔微晶与紧密微晶体积模量纵横比小于0.15,而致密微晶的体积模量纵横比接近于0.2。研究结果可为碳酸盐岩储层的分类以及相关储层的岩性及烃类地震检测提供依据。 相似文献
11.
鄂尔多斯盆地延长组岩芯分析与测井特征研究表明,相对高自然伽马砂岩具有高长石、高Th、局部高U、K含量变化不大的共同特征,Th、U含量特征与凝灰岩极为相似;相对高自然伽马砂岩具有相对高自然伽马、高声波时差、低电阻率值的测井曲线特征,与凝灰岩测井曲线特征也极其相似;再者,从长6到长4+5油层组的各亚组,凝灰岩层逐渐不发育的同时,伴随相对高自然伽马砂岩发育程度依次增强;上述3项特征预示着延长组相对高自然伽马砂岩可能为同沉积期或较先期沉积的凝灰岩经搬运后作为砂岩组成部分再沉积形成的.四性关系研究表明：（1）依据自然伽马-自然电位曲线重叠图、声波时差-自然电位曲线重叠图,可快速识别相对高自然伽马砂岩;（2）相对高自然伽马砂岩具有相对发育的次生孔隙,非均质性强,一般物性越好,声波时差-自然电位曲线重叠图幅度差越大;（3）计算自然电位-自然电位曲线重叠图的幅度差,反映相对高自然伽马砂岩含油性,幅度差越大,表明其含油性越好. 相似文献
12.
Alkaline diagnesis is a diagenetic process that a reservoir undergoes under an alkaline environment. Because of the influence of alkaline formation water, the most typical characteristics of diagnesis is that quartz is obviously dissolved, feldspar is massively enlarged, and less late carbonate cement is formed in the evolution of carbonate minerals. With the decrease of the alkalinity of the formation water in diagenesis, the quartz overgrowths become common. The change in the chemical characteristics of the formation water leads to a more complex distribution of reservoir porosity at different depths than that of the secondary porosity formed by classical acidic water. It also makes the B stage of early diagenesis the important development period of secondary porosity. 相似文献
13.
开展复杂低渗储层特征、测井响应及其控制因素分析,有助于储层评价与油水层识别.鄂尔多斯盆地中东部长6期沉积具多物源供给、沉积相带频繁变化的特点,来自不同物源的沉积砂体岩石碎屑成分存在明显差异.长7、长6沉积期盆地周边的火山作用,致使一些地区的长6砂体具有相对高放射性特征.长6储层孔隙类型多样,孔隙结构特征复杂多变,再加上地层水系统的变化,致使一些油区长6低电阻率油层与常规油层、高电阻率水层与常规水层共存.研究结果表明,成藏动力与阻力的对比关系决定了在同一砂体中除存在常规油水分布外,还可能存在油水倒置分布.因此,加强钴前预测、钻井过程监督与调整、钻后综合研究、生产实践检验、解释模型与参数调整、老井复查等,有利于识别油水层,整体把握油水分布规律. 相似文献
14.
The discovery of Puguang Gas Field provides the exploration of China deep marine carbonate rock with important references. In Puguang Gas Field, the dolomite reservoirs discovered in the deep are the best in the present of China, which present big thickness and wide-range distribution, and develop abundant secondary porosity. The researches show that Puguang Gas Field bears the characteristics of early gas-filling time, deep burial, high matured organic matter and long-term interaction of hydrocarbon (oil and gas)-water-rock (carbonate reservoir). The developments of secondary pores in this area are affected by multiple diagenesis and their formation mechanisms are complicated. Through the research on depositional environment, sedimentary facies and reservoir porosity characters of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations, it is thought that high-quality dolomite reservoirs of Puguang Gas Field form on the favorable sedimentary facies belts, which are the integrate result affected by several factors including superficial corrosion, burial corrosion, overpressure and tectonic movement, among which burial corrosion of TSR to reservoir and overpressure formed by thermal evolution of organic matter have great effect on the formation of secondary porosity of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations. 相似文献
15.
The formation mechanism of high-quality dolomite reservoir in the deep of Puguang Gas Field 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z1)
The discovery of Puguang Gas Field provides the exploration of China deep marine carbonate rock with important references.In Puguang Gas Field,the dolomite reservoirs discovered in the deep are the best in the present of China,which present big thickness and wide-range distribution,and develop abundant secondary porosity.The researches show that Puguang Gas Field bears the characteristics of early gas-filling time,deep burial,high matured organic matter and long-term interaction of hydrocarbon(oil and gas)-water-rock(carbonate reservoir).The developments of secondary pores in this area are affected by multiple diagenesis and their formation mechanisms are complicated.Through the research on depositional environment,sedimentary facies and reservoir porosity characters of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations,it is thought that high-quality dolomite reservoirs of Puguang Gas Field form on the favorable sedimentary facies belts,which are the integrate result affected by several factors including superficial corrosion,burial corrosion,overpressure and tectonic movement,among which burial corrosion of TSR to reservoir and overpressure formed by thermal evolution of organic matter have great effect on the formation of secondary porosity of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations. 相似文献
16.
The reservoir quality of Jurassic and Triassic fluvial and lacustrine-deltaic sandstones of the Yanchang Oil Field in the Ordos Basin is strongly influenced by the burial history and facies-related diagenetic events. The fluvial sandstones have a higher average porosity (14.8%) and a higher permeability (12.7×10?3 ?m2) than those of the deltaic sandstones (9.8% and 5.8 ×10?3 ?m2, respectively). The burial compaction, which resulted in 15% and 20% porosity loss for Jurassic and Triassic sandstones, respectively, is the main factor causing the loss of porosity both for the Jurassic and Triassic sandstones. Among the cements, carbonate is the main one that reduced the reservoir quality of the sandstones. The organic acidic fluid derived from organic matter in the source rocks, the inorganic fluid from rock-water reaction during the late diagenesis, and meteoric waters during the epidiagenesis resulted in the formation of dissolution porosity, which is the main reason for the enhancement of reservoir-quality. 相似文献
17.
自然电位、自然伽马测井曲线形态和特征与沉积相带及其储集砂体关系密切,它们对不同岩性地层特征响应十分敏感.利用自然伽马、自然电位同步减小的较大幅度评价识别渗砂层,指示划分水下分流河道主体沉积微相带;利用自然伽马、自然电位减小的幅度差评价识别低渗砂、致密砂层,指示划分水下分流河道堤泛(侧翼)沉积微相带;并以自然电位比自然伽马减小幅度的相对细小差异识别油水层.在安塞油田沿河湾地区长6自然伽马、自然电位曲线划分沉积相带及储层的应用中,建立了自然伽马、自然电位划分储层的下限标准,有效地评价了特低渗透储层沉积微相带及储层类型,提高和扩大了测井曲线的应用及效果. 相似文献
18.
利用核磁共振测井资料构造储层毛管压力曲线的新方法及其应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
By analyzing hundreds of capillary pressure curves, the controlling factors of shape and type of capillary pressure curves are found and a novel method is presented to construct capillary pressure curves by using reservoir permeability and a synthesized index. The accuracy of this new method is verified by mercury-injection experiments. Considering the limited quantity of capillary pressure data, a new method is developed to extract the Swanson parameter from the NMR T2 distribution and estimate reservoir permeability. Integrating with NMR total porosity, reservoir capillary pressure curves can be constructed to evaluate reservoir pore structure in the intervals with NMR log data. An in-situ example of evaluating reservoir pore structure using the capillary pressure curves by this new method is presented. The result shows that it accurately detects the change in reservoir pore structure as a function of depth. 相似文献
19.
近年来围绕四川盆地侏罗系陆相致密砂岩已取得了勘探突破,其中川中—川西过渡带具备形成大气田的地质条件,但对该套致密砂岩弹性性质变化规律的研究还较少,致使利用地震方法进行"甜点"储层预测的精度不高.本文利用四川盆地侏罗系沙溪庙组32块样品开展了系统的声学测量,在此基础上,分析了样品弹性性质的变化规律.结合X射线衍射矿物组分分析、扫描电镜、铸体薄片和岩石薄片特征确定了不同成岩作用对岩石储集性能的影响.研究结果表明,研究区致密砂岩储层表现为孔隙型储层,受差异性成岩作用影响,黏土含量、钙质含量和硅质含量的差异以及它们分布特征之间的差异对岩石弹性性质造成了很大的影响.在研究区对岩石物性及弹性性质有明显影响的成岩作用包括早期的钙质胶结作用、压实作用和溶蚀作用,因此针对不同时期的成岩作用对岩石弹性及物性的影响,利用接触-胶结模型、微分等效模量模型和临界孔隙度校正的Hashin-Shtrikman上限模型建立了研究区致密砂岩的岩石物理模型. 相似文献
20.
Formation mechanism and model for sand lens reservoirs in the Jiyang Sub-basin, East China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Bohai Bay basin comprises some very important and well documented subtle traps known in China, which have been the major exploration focus and have become a major petroleum play since the 1990s. However, recent exploration showed that the oil-bearing properties of some sand lens reservoirs may vary significantly and the accumulation mechanisms for these lithological subtle traps are not well understood. Based on statistical analysis of oil-bearing properties for 123 sand lens reservoirs in the Jiyang Sub-basin and combined with detailed anatomy of typical sand lens reservoirs and NMR experiments, it has been shown that the structural and sedimentary factors, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion conditions of the surrounding source rocks, as well as the petrophysical properties of sand lens reservoirs are the main controlling factors for the formation of sand lens reservoirs. The formation of a sand lens reservoir depends on the interaction between the hydrocarbon accumulation driving force and the resistance force. The driving force is made up of the differential capillary pressure between sandstones and sources rocks and the hydrocarbon diffusion force, and as well as the hydrocarbon expansion force. The resistance force is the friction resistance force for hydrocarbons and water to move through the pore throats of the sand lens. The sedimentary environment, source rock condition and sand reservoir properties can change from unfavorable to favorable depending on the combination of these factors. When these three factors all reach certain thresholds, the sand lens reservoirs may begin to be filled by hydrocarbons. When all of these conditions become favorable for the formation of sand lens reservoirs, the reservoir would have high oil saturation. This approach has been applied to evaluating the potential of petroleum accumulation in the sand lens reservoirs in the third member of the Neogene Shahejie Formation in the Jiyang Sub-basin. 相似文献