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1.
为了解决结构层间位移过小对阻尼器性能发挥的影响,依据机械原理,应用齿轮机构,提出了1种新型具位移放大机制的流体黏滞阻尼器,然后根据幂律流体的本构关系,推导了阻尼器力学模型并分析了其耗能减震能力,结果表明该阻尼器耗能能力可放大λ~(1.2)~λ~2倍,其中λ为大小齿轮的直径比。最后选择一12层钢筋混凝土框架结构,分别按不安装黏滞阻尼器、安装普通黏滞阻尼器和安装位移放大2倍黏滞阻尼器3种工况进行多遇和罕遇水准下的时程分析,分析结果表明:安装黏滞阻尼器结构的层间位移角均有不同程度的减小,位移放大2倍黏滞阻尼器减震效果优于位移未放大的黏滞阻尼器,多遇地震水准下的减震效果好于罕遇地震水准下的减震效果;安装位移放大黏滞阻尼器,对顶层的加速度控制效果较其它楼层的好,对层间位移的控制效果好于对加速度的控制效果。  相似文献   

2.
安装形状记忆合金阻尼器的剪力墙结构抗震性能分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为减轻钢筋混凝土剪力墙连梁的地震后永久性损伤,同时保持连梁的耗能机制,本文提出在剪力墙连梁中安装新型形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,简称SMA)阻尼器,并研究该阻尼器对剪力墙结构地震响应的减震效果。通过一幢12层剪力墙结构地震反应的时程分析,研究了SMA阻尼器的附加刚度比和屈服位移比两项特征参数对结构地震反应控制效果的影响规律。计算分析结果表明,当附加刚度比为0.04~0.05,屈服位移比为0.4~0.5时,可以获得较好的减震效果。  相似文献   

3.
为了验证提出的新型筒式自复位形状记忆合金阻尼器(telescopic recentering shape memory al-loy damper,TRSMAD)对结构平动-扭转耦联振动反应的抑制作用,进行了偏心结构消能减震体系的振动台试验。设计了一个1/4缩尺的三层两跨单向偏心的钢框架模型,将提出的新型SMA阻尼器安装在结构底层的一侧,通过振动台分别对无控条件下和装有阻尼器的有控条件下的结构反应进行了研究。试验结果表明:(1)在各地震波作用下,TRSMAD对结构的平动反应有很好控制效果,而对结构各层扭转角位移的控制效果稍低;(2)不同地震波下的控制效果有所不同:对结构的平动位移而言,天津波的减震率最高,El Centro波次之,最后为Taft波;对结构扭转角的控制,平均而言,除了天津波作用下第二层为特例外,对El Centro波的减震效果最好,其次为Taft波,最后为天津波;(3)同一地震波下,阻尼器对结构模型一层的位移控制效果较其他层为优。  相似文献   

4.
阻尼器是一种效果良好的减震装置,将阻尼器安装于结构中能够适时为结构体系提供阻尼力,从而减小地震作用对结构的破坏。黏滞阻尼器对振动的反应比较敏感,在结构受到较小振动时就可以发挥其减震效果,其阻尼力会随着振动周期和使用状态温度的不同而变化。当地震发生时,安装在结构中的阻尼器会消减地震作用,降低传导到主结构体系的地震能量,减小结构相对位移。本文介绍了黏滞阻尼器的工作原理和安装有黏滞阻尼器的结构体系的阻尼比的计算方法,对减震结构的减震效果的评析方法做出探讨,并以一安装有黏滞阻尼器的台湾某既有钢框架结构为例,分析了(1)该结构在遭受地震作用时的地震反应;(2)该结构体系在不同地震作用水平时的阻尼比,包括主体结构阻尼比和黏滞阻尼器阻尼比;(3)结构安装黏滞阻尼器后的减震效果。实例对本文的减震评析方法和减震效果进行了说明和分析,计算及分析结果表明利用黏滞阻尼器加固既有结构能够取得较好的减震效果,本文所提减震效果评析方法是一种实用有效的评析方法,对类似工程的减震评析具有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

5.
形状记忆合金(SMA)材料是一种具有记忆特性的功能材料,基于Ti-Ni形状记忆合金丝材料的性能试验,利用SMA丝形状记忆效应、超弹性效应及高阻尼特性,提出了一种基于SMA的新型阻尼器,并且将其安装在框架结构的梁柱节点处。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对未安装和安装此种阻尼器的框架结构进行了地震反应控制分析。研究结果表明,SMA合页型阻尼器的耗能效果比较明显,能够很好地改善框架结构的抗震性能。  相似文献   

6.
结合自锚式悬索桥减震控制的研究现状,对大行程板式铅阻尼器在罕遇地震作用下的减震效果进行了分析研究。通过对比铅阻尼器和黏滞阻尼器的分析结果发现,在两种减震方案下结构的地震响应最大值(塔顶纵向位移、梁端纵向位移和塔底纵向弯矩)相差不大。可以说,只要阻尼器的选型(相关力学参数)恰当,大行程板式铅阻尼器的减震效果明显,且与黏滞阻尼器的相当。由于使用寿命长、构造简单、成本低,而且满足结构减震控制对大行程的需求,大行程板式铅阻尼器在独塔自锚式悬索桥减震控制中具有良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

7.
针对高层结构在地震作用下层间位移较小,阻尼器性能无法充分发挥的特点,提出一种用于油阻尼器的位移放大装置,可使油阻尼器两端的相对位移放大,提高其产生的阻尼力和耗能能力。以某实际工程结构为背景,基于SAP2000建立其多质点有限元模型,分析两种减震方案在3条地震波作用下的最大层间位移角、基底剪力、加速度放大系数、滞回曲线、能量耗散曲线,以检验位移放大型油阻尼器对结构地震响应的减震效应。结果表明,位移放大型油阻尼器能以更少的布置数量满足减震设计要求,同时获得较普通油阻尼器更为理想的减震效果。  相似文献   

8.
为了研究设置有粘滞阻尼器的减震钢框架结构的防连续倒塌性能,对设置阻尼器的减震钢框架和未设置阻尼器的原钢框架分别进行了地震弹塑性时程分析,比较了两种情况下的层间位移角.分析结果表明,地震作用下,与原结构相比减震结构的层间位移角最大降低了64.3%.接着采用瞬时加载法对底层各柱失效时的减震钢框架和不设置阻尼器的原钢框架分别进行了动力倒塌分析,比较了减震结构和原结构防连续倒塌的能力,分析结果表明,底层柱失效时,减震结构各柱端点处位移均比原结构降低,最大处降低了63.5%.因此减震结构的阻尼器对结构防连续倒塌能起到较大的作用.  相似文献   

9.
提出一种组合型减震结构,由钢框架、节点阻尼器和原结构连接组成,外附钢框架将节点阻尼器连接在原混凝土框架结构上形成的增设节点阻尼器的外附钢框架结构,节点阻尼器的剪切滞回变形可以减小结构自身需要消耗的能量,从而提高原结构抗震性能。对原混凝土结构和增设节点阻尼器的组合型结构进行了的振动台试验。通过分析结构在不同地震波激励下的加速度和位移响应,得出楼层加速度和层位移的减震效果。研究结果表明:该结构体系在小震作用下通过提高结构刚度来增强其抗震性能;在大震作用下则可借助节点阻尼器的变形耗能来提升结构耗能能力,结构加速度减震系数达到53%,层间位移减震系数高达72%,验证了增设节点阻尼器的外附钢框架结构的减震效果。  相似文献   

10.
新型形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究   总被引:23,自引:5,他引:23  
本文在对形状记忆合金(SMA)的力学性能研究的基础上,设计和制造出一种性能良好的SMA阻尼器,介绍了其工作原理及有关试验结果,将该阻尼器安装在斜拉桥模型上,进行了斜拉桥模型振动试验。试验结果表明该阻尼器的耗能效果明显,在工程结构振动控制方面具有比较好的应用前景。  相似文献   

11.
Vibration control systems are being used increasingly worldwide to provide enhanced seismic protection for new and retrofitted buildings. This paper presents a new vibration control system on the basis of a seesaw mechanism with viscoelastic dampers. The proposed vibration control system comprises three parts: brace, seesaw member, and viscoelastic dampers. In this system, only tensile force appears in bracing members. Consequently, the brace buckling problem is negligible, which enables the use of steel rods for bracing members. By introducing pre‐tension in rods, long steel rods are applicable as bracing between the seesaw members and the moment frame connections over some stories. Seesaw mechanisms can magnify the damper deformation according to the damper system configuration. In this paper, first, the magnification factor, that is, the ratio of the damper deformation to the story drift, is delivered, which includes the rod deformation. Results of a case study demonstrate that the magnification factor of the proposed system is greater than unity for some cases. Seismic response analysis is conducted for steel moment frames with the proposed vibration control system. Energy dissipation characteristics are examined using the time‐history response results of energy. The maximum story drift angle distributions and time‐history response results of displacement show that the proposed system can reduce the seismic response of the frames effectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

12.
A damper device based on shape memory alloy (SMA) wires is developed for structural control implementation. The design procedures of the SMA damper are presented. As a case study, eight such SMA dampers are installed in a frame structure to verify the effectiveness of the damper devices. Experimental results show that vibration decay of the SMA damper controlled frame is much faster than that of the uncontrolled frame. The finite‐element method is adopted to conduct the free and forced vibration analysis of the controlled and uncontrolled frame. The experimental and numerical results illustrate that the developed SMA dampers are very effective in reducing structural response and have great potential for use as efficient energy dissipation devices with the advantages of good control of force and no lifetime limits, etc. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
针对某型钢混凝土框支剪力墙高层建筑结构高宽比过大、竖向刚度不规则等问题,采用耗能减震技术,在转换层与避难层处设置黏滞阻尼器,采用ETABS进行非线性动力时程分析,研究黏滞阻尼器对型钢混凝土框支剪力墙结构的地震和风荷载控制作用,提高型钢混凝土转换构件的抗震性能。研究结果表明,在不同地震动作用下黏滞阻尼器均能有效地降低型钢混凝土框支剪力墙结构的地震响应,结构峰值位移和最大层间位移角的减幅分别介于3%~45%和2%~43%,而黏滞阻尼器耗散总输入能量比例最高达73.65%;在风荷载时程作用下,结构各控制楼层的峰值位移减幅介于1%~11%之间。  相似文献   

14.
Control devices incorporated with shape memory alloy   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) is a type of material that offers some unique characteristics for use in devices for vibration control applications. Based on SMA's material properties, four types of control devices that incorporate NiTi SMA wires are introduced in this paper, which include three types of dampers (SMA damper, SMA-MR damper and SMA-friction damper) and one kind of isolation bearing (SMA-rubber bearing). Mechanical models of these devices and their experimental verifications are presented. To investigate the control performance of these devices, the SMA-MR damper and SMA-rubber bearing are applied to structures. The results show that the control devices could be effective in reducing the seismic response of structures.  相似文献   

15.
考虑到多维地震输入对网架结构的不利影响,基于形状记忆合金超弹性,研制出一种兼具自复位、高耗能及放大功能于一体的形状记忆合金复合黏滞阻尼器(Hybrid Shape Memory Alloy Viscous Dampers,简称HSMAVD),并通过试验研究该阻尼器在循环荷载作用下的力学性能;然后以平面四角锥网架模型为基础,将该阻尼器替换部分网架结构杆件,并分析该阻尼器减震控制效果。结果表明形状记忆合金与黏滞阻尼器复合后具有良好的协同工作能力,可有效发挥形状记忆合金的超弹性和黏滞阻尼器的速度相关特性,使其具有稳定的滞回性能和良好的耗能能力;采用阻尼杆件替换原杆件的方法既能对结构进行有效的减震控制,又不改变原有的结构形式,是一种优越的减震控制方法,并为HSMAVD被动控制系统在结构抗震中的实际应用提供新思路。  相似文献   

16.
A damper system that absorbs energy over a wide range of displacement amplitudes during building vibration was proposed. This system uses a serial connection of a metallic yielding component and viscoelastic damper with a displacement limit mechanism. Three types of the system were developed and tested: a diagonal bracing type, inverted V bracing type, and wall type. The test results showed that all these systems have damping ratios higher than 8% at small vibration amplitudes on the order of 0.1 mm. For a large vibration, a displacement limit mechanism with two pins limited the displacement of the viscoelastic damper as designed. Analytical simulations established that the system reduced the acceleration and the story drift to 60–70% and 80%, respectively, during a small earthquake compared with a conventional metallic yielding damper system. Furthermore, it showed an equivalent control performance during a severe earthquake. The damper system requires that a clearance be maintained for the displacement limit mechanism. However, this may be lost through construction error, residual displacement after an earthquake, and temperature effects. The changes in the clearance due to these effects were discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
An adaptive method based on the modified bang–bang control algorithm is proposed for the vibration control of structures subjected to unexpected severe seismic loads greater than the design loads. A hydraulic‐type active mass damper was made and experiments were carried out in the laboratory using a one‐story test structure and a five‐story test structure with the active mass damper. Through numerical simulations and experiments it was confirmed that the proposed method works well to suppress the vibration of structures subjected to unexpected severe seismic loads greater than the design loads without causing any unstable situations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

18.
针对风电塔架结构内部有限的空间,设计一种新型减振系统。基于悬吊质量摆减振原理,利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的超弹性特性,将SMA丝与弹簧叠加成SMA阻尼器后并与悬吊质量摆复合,设计了一种形状记忆合金-悬吊质量摆阻尼器(SMA-SMPD)系统。研究了细部构造、减振原理和参数影响,并利用Matlab软件对单自由度体系在不同地震作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟。结果表明:所设计的刚度和质量可调的SMA-SMPD是有效的。与结构受控频率相调时,将结构振动能量集中转换到SMA-SMPD上,可耗散结构振动能量,减震率可达30%~40%,且整体性能稳定,对结构动力响应控制效果显著。  相似文献   

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