共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
In this study, a composite source model has been used to calculate the realistic strong ground motions in Beijing area, caused by 1679 MS8.0 earthquake in Sanhe-Pinggu. The results could provide us the useful physical parame-ters for the future seismic hazard analysis in this area. Considering the regional geological/geophysical background, we simulated the scenario earthquake with an associated ground motions in the area ranging from 39.3°N to 41.1°N in latitude and from 115.35°E to 117.55°E in longitude. Some of the key factors which could influence the characteristics of strong ground motion have been discussed, and the resultant peak ground acceleration (PGA) distribution and the peak ground velocity (PGV) distribution around Beijing area also have been made as well. A comparison of the simulated result with the results derived from the attenuation relation has been made, and a suf-ficient discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of composite source model also has been given in this study. The numerical results, such as the PGA, PGV, peak ground displacement (PGD), and the three-component time-histories developed for Beijing area, have a potential application in earthquake engineering field and building code design, especially for the evaluation of critical constructions, government decision making and the seismic hazard assessment by financial/insurance companies. 相似文献
2.
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis in Nepal 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The seismic ground motion hazard for Nepal has been estimated using a probabilistic approach. A catalogue of earthquakes has been compiled for Nepal and the surrounding region （latitude 26% N and 31.7% N and longitude 79° E and 90° E） from 1255 to 2011. The distribution of catalogued earthquakes, together with available geological and tectonic information were used to delineate twenty-three seismic source seismic source information and probabilistic earthquake hazard prediction relationship, peak ground accelerations （PGAs） have zones in Nepal and the surrounding region. By using the parameters in conjunction with a selected ground motion been calculated at bedrock level with 63%, 10%, and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years. The estimated PGA values are in the range of 0.07-0.16 g, 0.21 0.62 g, and 0.38-1.1 g for 63%, 10%, and 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years, respectively. The resulting ground motion maps show different characteristics of PGA distribution, i.e., high hazard in the far-western and eastern sections, and low hazard in southern Nepal. The quantified PGA values at bedrock level provide information for microzonation studies in different parts of the country. 相似文献
3.
利用2014年鲁甸M_S6.5地震断层距小于300 km的32个自由场地观测台站的地震动加速度记录,分析了地震动峰值加速度(PGA)和峰值速度(PGV)的空间分布特征,并对已有地震动衰减模型中的NGA-West2四个模型和1个中国川藏区模型进行了比较分析.研究表明,地震动PGA和PGV衰减最快的方向与断层主破裂方向一致.在整个断层距(R_(rup))范围内大多数台站的地震动PGA、PGV和加速度反应谱值(Sa(T=0.1、5.0 s))均位于NGA-West2四个模型预测曲线的±1倍标准差之外.PGA、PGV和Sa(T=5.0 s)的事件内残差均值在-1.43～-0.74之间.Sa(T=0.01～5.0 s)事件内残差均值在整个距离范围内均表现出系统性偏负.NGA-West2四个模型的PGA事件内残差的空间分布特征相似,其最大正值和最大负值分布区域的震源-场地方位角约为-90°和90°,与主破裂断层方向垂直,所处地势较为平坦且台站场地V_(S30)相对较大.NGA-West2四个模型总体上会较大地高估鲁甸地震整个断层距范围内各个周期尤其是短周期(T1.0 s)的地震动加速度反应谱值.考虑本地区实际地震资料的中国川藏区地震动衰减模型也会在一定程度上高估鲁甸地震大多数台站的地震动加速度反应谱值,但是相对于NGA-West2四个模型,其预测值更接近鲁甸地震的实际观测值. 相似文献
4.
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Thailand 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Teraphan Ornthammarath Pennung Warnitchai Kawin Worakanchana Saeed Zaman Ragnar Sigbj?rnsson Carlo Giovanni Lai 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(2):367-394
A set of probabilistic seismic hazard maps for Thailand has been derived using procedures developed for the latest US National
Seismic Hazard Maps. In contrast to earlier hazard maps for this region, which are mostly computed using seismic source zone
delineations, the presented maps are based on the combination of smoothed gridded seismicity, crustal-fault, and subduction
source models. Thailand’s composite earthquake catalogue is revisited and expanded, covering a study area limited by 0°–30°N
Latitude and 88°–110°E Longitude and the instrumental period from 1912 to 2007. The long-term slip rates and estimates of
earthquake size from paleoseismological studies are incorporated through a crustal fault source model. Furthermore, the subduction
source model is used to model the megathrust Sunda subduction zones, with variable characteristics along the strike of the
faults. Epistemic uncertainty is taken into consideration by the logic tree framework incorporating basic quantities, such
as different source modelling, maximum cut-off magnitudes and ground motion prediction equations. The ground motion hazard
map is presented over a 10 km grid in terms of peak ground acceleration and spectral acceleration at 0.2, 1.0, and 2.0 undamped
natural periods and a 5% critical damping ratio for 10 and 2% probabilities of exceedance in 50 years. The presented maps
give expected ground motions that are based on more extensive data sources than applied in the development of previous maps.
The main findings are that northern and western Thailand are subjected to the highest hazard. The largest contributors to
short- and long-period ground motion hazard in the Bangkok region are from the nearby active faults and Sunda subduction zones,
respectively. 相似文献
5.
A proper assessment of seismic hazard is of considerable importance in order to achieve suitable building construction criteria. This paper presents probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in and around Pakistan (23° N–39° N; 59° E–80° E) in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA). Ground motion is calculated in terms of PGA for a return period of 475 years using a seismogenic-free zone method of Gumbel’s first asymptotic distribution of extreme values and Monte Carlo simulation. Appropriate attenuation relations of universal and local types have been used in this study. The results show that for many parts of Pakistan, the expected seismic hazard is relatively comparable with the level specified in the existing PGA maps. 相似文献
6.
7.
The Wenchuan earthquake of 12 May 2008 is the most destructive earthquake in China in the past 30 years in terms of property
damage and human losses. In order to understand the earthquake process and the geo-morphological factors affecting the seismic
hazard, we simulated the strong ground motion caused by the earthquake, incorporating three-dimensional (3D) earth structure,
finite-fault rupture, and realistic surface topography. The simulated ground motions reveal that the fault rupture and basin
structure control the overall pattern of the peak ground shaking. Large peak ground velocity (PGV) is distributed in two narrow
areas: one with the largest PGV values is above the hanging wall of the fault and attributed to the locations of fault asperities
and rupture directivity; the other is along the northwestern margin of the Sichuan Basin and caused by both the directivity
of fault rupture and the amplification in the thick sediment basin. Rough topography above the rupture fault causes wave scattering,
resulting in significantly larger peak ground motion on the apex of topographic relief than in the valley. Topography and
scattering also reduce the wave energy in the forward direction of fault rupture but increase the PGV in other parts of the
basin. These results suggest the need for a localized hazard assessment in places of rough topography that takes the topographic
effects into account. Finally, had the earthquake started at the northeast end of the fault zone and ruptured to the southwest,
Chengdu would have suffered a much stronger shaking than it experienced on 12 May, 2008.
Supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. EAR 0738779 and OCE 0727919), the National Basic Research Program
of China (Grant No. 2004CB418404), and partially by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40521002) 相似文献
8.
2008年5月12日四川汶川地区发生MW7.9地震,震中位置103.4°E,31.06°N.这次地震造成了以汶川、映秀为中心及其周边地域建筑物的严重破坏和人员的重大伤亡,且因为高山等地形复杂区域抢险救灾的艰巨性,为及时救援造成很大干扰.为更好理解地形因素对于强地面数值模拟结果的影响,建立了包含地形起伏影响及去除地形影响的两类模型.同时,依据震源破裂过程运动学反演结果,建立了包含障碍体破裂过程的震源滑动模型,实现断层分段、空间倾角以及滑移角的动态设定.基于动力学的地震动模拟方法,通过对地震波传播过程的数值计算和后处理分析,模拟由地震激发的区域强地面运动过程.结果显示：（1）强震动台站的断层距对地形效应具有放大或抑制作用,距离断层破裂带越近,地形效应越明显,反之,距离越远,则地形效应越微弱;（2）因为地形高差与障碍体的影响,地震造成的峰值可能出现在震中区域之外;（3）考虑地形影响模型的地表峰值速度（PGV）区域位于汶川与北川附近;而未考虑地形影响模型的PGV区域位于灌县—江油断层的后半段,处清平、安县附近;对汶川地震近实时强地面运动波场的模拟、峰值图谱的圈定及未来大地震强地面运动特征的预测都有重要指示意义. 相似文献
9.
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(12)
The Wenchuan earthquake of 12 May 2008 is the most destructive earthquake in China in the past 30 years in terms of property damage and human losses. In order to understand the earthquake process and the geo-morphological factors affecting the seismic hazard, we simulated the strong ground mo-tion caused by the earthquake, incorporating three-dimensional (3D) earth structure, finite-fault rupture, and realistic surface topography. The simulated ground motions reveal that the fault rupture and basin structure control the overall pattern of the peak ground shaking. Large peak ground velocity (PGV) is distributed in two narrow areas: one with the largest PGV values is above the hanging wall of the fault and attributed to the locations of fault asperities and rupture directivity; the other is along the north-western margin of the Sichuan Basin and caused by both the directivity of fault rupture and the ampli-fication in the thick sediment basin. Rough topography above the rupture fault causes wave scattering, resulting in significantly larger peak ground motion on the apex of topographic relief than in the valley. Topography and scattering also reduce the wave energy in the forward direction of fault rupture but increase the PGV in other parts of the basin. These results suggest the need for a localized hazard as-sessment in places of rough topography that takes the topographic effects into account. Finally, had the earthquake started at the northeast end of the fault zone and ruptured to the southwest, Chengdu would have suffered a much stronger shaking than it experienced on 12 May, 2008. 相似文献
10.
基于地震动的时空衰减规律和传播特征,采用邻近地震监测台站地震动时程对1 km×1 km尺度的网格点进行近实时插值计算,同时结合场地效应对震区地震动参数进行修正,并以2014年2月12日新疆于田MS7.3地震为例,计算震区格网内各点的地震时程,同时以8 s为时间间隔绘制出地震动峰值等值线图并将其连续播放,得到了于田MS7.3地震峰值地震动(PGV,PGA)的空间分布.结果表明,于田县东部至民丰县北部地区受场地条件影响,震区震害在软弱地基土层及浅地下水位等因素作用下对震区地震动具有明显的放大效应,预测的地震动特征与现场宏观调查结果是一致的.在当前强震台网分布不均匀的情形下,本文方法能较好地描述震区地震动特征,较客观地反映灾区的强地面运动特征. 相似文献
11.
北京时间2017年8月8日21时19分在四川阿坝州九寨沟县（北纬33.2°、东经103.8°）发生了7.0级地震,作者利用新提出的震源破裂过程控制的NNSIM随机有限断层方法,对震中约100 km范围内强地面运动进行了情景构建,并与研究区范围内的8个强震测震台观测记录进行了加速度、速度、反应谱对比,对比的一致性说明模拟过程中所应用的各种震源参数适合九寨沟7.0地震的近震源强地面运动重建.论文的后半部分基于相同参数模拟了九寨沟7.0级地震的近震源强地面运动场的空间分布,结果显示此次地震强地面运动的PGA、PGV以及反应谱分布均呈现出以震中为圆心的圆形分布,不具有大地震沿断层走向的分布特点.论文最后关于反应谱的讨论,揭示了此次九寨沟县城灾害不重的直接原因. 相似文献
12.
Ground-motion prediction equations for the intermediate depth Vrancea (Romania) earthquakes 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Vladimir Sokolov Klaus-Peter Bonjer Friedemann Wenzel Bogdan Grecu Mircea Radulian 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2008,6(3):367-388
We present the regional ground-motion prediction equations for peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV),
pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA), and seismic intensity (MSK scale) for the Vrancea intermediate depth earthquakes (SE-Carpathians)
and territory of Romania. The prediction equations were constructed using the stochastic technique on the basis of the regional
Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) source scaling and attenuation models and the generalised site amplification functions. Values
of considered ground motion parameters are given as the functions of earthquake magnitude, depth and epicentral distance.
The developed ground-motion models were tested and calibrated using the available data from the large Vrancea earthquakes.
We suggest to use the presented equations for the rapid estimation of seismic effect after strong earthquakes (Shakemap generation)
and seismic hazard assessment, both deterministic and probabilistic approaches. 相似文献
13.
14.
While rockbursts from underground copper mining in Western Poland normally produce surface peak ground accelerations (PGA) and velocities of 0.05–0.1 g and 1–3 cm/s, occasionally these peak motions may exceed 0.15 g and 10 cm/s, respectively. These larger motions are of considerable concern and an investigation has been undertaken to define the nature of these larger induced ground motions. This paper compares these rockburst motions with low intensity earthquakes. Various strong motion parameters such as PGA, peak ground velocity (PGV) and displacements as well as strong motion duration, Arias intensity, Fourier and response spectra are compared with those from earthquakes. It is concluded that although short duration is the most obvious parameter that differentiates rockbursts from earthquakes, in fact their high dominant frequencies, which result in high PGA/PGV ratios differentiate them the most. Two types of rockburst-induced ground motions are indicated in this paper: typical—with 3–6 months return period and characteristic, high frequency content—as well as rare events similar to shallow, low intensity earthquakes. 相似文献
15.
Study on inelastic displacement ratio spectra for near-fault pulse-type ground motions 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
In displacement-based seismic design, inelastic displacement ratio spectra (IDRS) are particularly useful for estimating the maximum lateral inelastic displacement demand of a nonlinear SDOF system from the maximum elastic displacement demand of its counterpart linear elastic SDOF system. In this study, the characteristics of IDRS for near-fault pulse-type ground motions are investigated based on a great number of earthquake ground motions. The in? uence of site conditions, ratio of peak ground velocity (PGV) to peak ground acceleration (PGA), the PGV, and the maximum incremental velocity (MIV) on IDRS are also evaluated. The results indicate that the effect of near-fault ground motions on IDRS are signifi cant only at periods between 0.2 s - 1.5 s, where the amplifi cation can approach 20%. The PGV/PGA ratio has the most signifi cant in? uence on IDRS among the parameters considered. It is also found that site conditions only slightly affect the IDRS. 相似文献
16.
2020年10月22日11时03分37秒四川省绵阳市北川县发生MS4.7地震,四川强震动台网与预警烈度速报台网在震区建成较密集的台站,获取了532组三分量加速度记录,有助于开展区域地震动衰减和地震动特征研究.本文对强震记录进行常规处理后计算出强震动记录的相关参数,利用克里金插值方法得到地震动峰值加速度PGA和峰值速度PGV的空间分布图,长轴呈北西—南东方向.分析强震动记录PGA、PGV随距离的衰减规律,与常用衰减关系预测值进行对比,此次地震PGA的衰减特性与俞言祥和汪素云(2006)提出的中国西部地区水平向基岩加速度衰减关系有较好的一致性.北川MS4.7地震获得的密集强震动记录为建立区域衰减关系,以及开展基于经验格林函数方法(EGFM)再现大震强地震动场展布等研究提供了重要的数据支撑. 相似文献
17.
P-alert台网实时数据对地震预警及烈度速报和工程地震研究都是重要的补充,处理分析这些数据对客观衡量P-alert台网数据质量和数据用途有重要意义。对2016年2月6日台湾美浓ML6.4地震P-alert台网获取的记录进行了处理和初步分析,统计分析显示100gal以上加速度记录有112条,200gal以上加速度记录有33条,400gal以上加速度记录有7条,东西向最大峰值加速度为466.4gal,南北向最大峰值加速度为498.4gal,竖直向最大峰值加速度为258.6gal,最大仪器地震烈度为9.5度。竖直向峰值加速度和峰值速度比水平向峰值加速度和峰值速度衰减快。峰值加速度比峰值速度衰减快,观测峰值加速度和峰值速度与台湾西南地区峰值加速度和峰值速度衰减公式比较一致。计算得到了近场台站的永久位移,显示P-alert台网绝大多数永久位移在1cm到5cm之间,最大永久位移达8cm。 相似文献
18.
利用华北地区地震活动性资料,建立了地震危险性计算的一致性模型.在此模型的基础上,得出了北京、天津、唐山和济南等7个城市未来2500年内地震的时空强度分布,并计算了2500年回复周期的地震动峰值加速度(PGA).结果表明,唐山和太原的PGA最大(>0.2g),石家庄和北京次之(≈0.17g).对华北地区2500年地震记录的正演计算结果表明,太原和唐山地区的潜在地震危险最有可能来源于震级在6.0～7.0、震中距离在12～15km的地震活动;而北京、天津和石家庄地区则可能来源于震级在5.5～6.0、震中距离在10km左右的地震活动.采用IBC(International Building Code)方法计算后的结果显示,太原、唐山等地区的PGA与2001年我国地震动峰值加速度值基本一致,与此地区的较高地震活动性特征相符.利用随机震源模型,还给出了影响此7个城市的最大地震记录的加速度、速度及位移时程曲线,这对本区工程建筑的抗震性设计以及对救援设施的选址等有重要作用. 相似文献
19.
Kusnowidjaja Megawati Tso-Chien Pan Kazuki Koketsu 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2005,25(1):11-25
Singapore and Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, may well represent the classic examples of area with low seismic hazard but with high consequence. Both cities are located in a low-seismicity region of Southeast Asia, where active seismic sources are located more than 300 km away. Seismic designs have not been implemented in this seemingly low-hazard region though distant earthquakes in Sumatra had frequently shaken high-rise structures in the two cities. Several studies have been conducted to systematically assess the seismic hazards of Singapore and the Malay Peninsula. The present research particularly addresses issues in deriving a new set of attenuation relationships of peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV) and response spectral acceleration (RSA) for the Sumatran-subduction earthquakes. To be relevant for the seismic hazard assessment of the remote metropolises, the derived attenuation relationships cover a long distance range from 150 to 1500 km. The attenuation relationships are derived using synthetic seismograms that account for source and path effects. The uncertainties in rupture parameters, such as stress drop, strike, dip and rake angles, have been defined according to the regional geological and tectonic settings as well as the ruptures of previous earthquakes. The seismic potential of the Sumatran subduction zone are high in the region from 2°N to 5°S as there has been no recurrence of great thrust events since 1861. A large event with Mw greater than 7.8 in this particular subduction zone may be capable of generating destructive ground motions in Singapore and Kuala Lumpur, even at a distance of 700 km. 相似文献
20.
In this paper, we use seismic waveform simulation to investigate the influence of source mechanism complexity, surface topography, and quality factor on the observed peak ground motions in May 28, 2004, moment magnitude (Mw) 6.2 Baladeh earthquake. The observed peak ground acceleration (PGA) pattern in this event, which is the biggest earthquake to hit the Central Alborz Mountains of Iran in modern instrumental era, is irregular in some respects. First, the observed PGA contours are elongated toward north-west and, second, the maximum observed PGA value of 1049 cm/s2 on the horizontal component of Hasan Keyf station 50 km away from the epicenter is quite high and irregular for an earthquake of this magnitude, at such long distance. In this study, we employ the spectral element method, implemented in SPECFEM3D software package to simulate the 3D wave propagation from several source models in the area. Our results suggest directivity effect is the main cause of the anomalous observations in this earthquake and could account for the elongation of PGA contours and also the anomalous maximum PGA value observed at Hasan Keyf strong motion station. We show that the surface topography has minor effect on the observed peak ground acceleration and the resulting PGA maps. Also by finding the bounds of seismic quality factor effect on the peak ground acceleration values, we show that this factor could not account for the elongation of iso-acceleration contours in the north-west direction. 相似文献