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埋地双排复合式管体结构在SH波作用下的动力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以波动理论为基础,采用复变函数法,给出了地下双排复合式管体结构在SH波作用下的解析解。分析了入射波角度、频率变化,管体埋深、内管的厚度变化等参数对管体动应力集中的影响。结果表明:复合式管体内侧的动应力集中峰值明显高于外侧;高频入射时,双排管体在给定距离之间的相互影响较大,动应力集中峰值向邻侧偏移;复合式管体内管越薄,动应力集中峰值越大;垂直入射时,动应力集中峰值受埋深的影响呈周期性变化。 相似文献
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基于Biot波动理论,运用Laplace变换和波函数展开法,得到瞬态弹性波入射条件下饱和土体及圆柱形衬砌的位移应力表达式.利用饱和土体与衬砌结构的连续条件和衬砌结构内边界上的应力自由条件确定表达式中的未知系数.利用Laplace逆变换的数值方法给出了问题的数值解.研究了衬砌结构的动应力集中系数的波型特性及材料剪切模量和衬砌厚度对动应力集中系数的影响.结论表明随着阶数n的增大波型明显衰减;土体较衬砌结构软时动应力集中系数越大;衬砌结构厚度越大动应力系数越小. 相似文献
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利用波函数展开法,研究了地下圆形衬砌洞室在入射平面P波作用下的动应力集中问题并给出了三维级数解。研究表明:(1)衬砌刚度对环向与轴向动应力集中系数都具有重要影响,刚性衬砌、无衬砌和柔性衬砌三种情况下的动应力集中系数在空间上的分布基本相同,但刚性衬砌情况的动应力集中系数最大,无衬砌情况次之,柔性衬砌情况最小,波阵面夹角入射时1δ=45°,环向与轴向动应力集中系数最大可分别达到16.62与8.53;(2)随着入射频率的增大,环向动应力集中系数在多数情况下逐渐减小;(3)波入射角度对动应力集中系数也有很大影响,随着入射波与y轴夹角2δ的增加,环向动应力集中系数总体上逐渐减小,而轴向动应力集中系数多数情况下逐渐增大。 相似文献
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采用间接边界元法,研究结构-土-结构动力相互作用对结构系统频率的影响。数值分析表明,与不考虑相邻结构的结果相比,结构-土-结构动力相互作用可能增大或减小结构的系统频率,SH波垂直入射时,影响程度达5%,SV波垂直入射时,影响程度达3%。随着结构间距离的增大,结构-土-结构动力相互作用对结构系统频率的影响程度并不单调下降,还与场地的动力特性和结构的动力特性有关。结构-土-结构动力相互作用对结构系统频率的影响可能对结构健康监测结果造成一定影响,值得注意。 相似文献
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通过最速下降积分法获得了充液井孔中偏心点声源激发的井外波场的远场渐近解;利用互易性获得井外存在反射体时井内偏心接收的波场渐近解,渐近解结果与有限差分的结果吻合;分析了声源频率、偏心距离以及方位角对波场辐射与接收的影响.计算发现：声源频率是影响井外波场的主导因素,声源频率较低时,偏心点声源激发的远场波场与偏心距离无关,可以将偏心点声源视为中心声源;声源频率较高时,偏心点声源激发的远场波场与中心声源之间存在不可忽略的差异,且频率越高、偏心距离越大,差异越大.计算还发现：采用偏心声源与偏心接收时,辐射波场与接收波场的幅度都具有方位角依赖性.最后我们给出利用反射波幅度变化来消除反射体方位角180°不确定性的算例. 相似文献
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采用波函数展开法给出了半空间中柱面SH波在圆形衬砌洞室周围散射的解析解,并对解答的精度进行了分析。通过数值算例分析了入射频率、波源与洞室的距离、洞室埋深、衬砌刚度等对洞室衬砌动应力集中因子的影响。研究表明,柱面波在地下衬砌洞室周围的散射与平面波情况有着显著的差别,衬砌动应力集中因子和波源与洞室的距离密切相关;柱面波在全空间衬砌洞室周围的散射与半空间情况有着显著的差别,半空间地表对动应力集中因子有着重要影响。 相似文献
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基于JC法的地下结构动力可靠性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于JC法提出了地下结构的动力可靠性分析方法,建立地基土-地铁隧道非线性动力相互作用的有限元分析模型,将地基土-地铁隧道结构体系视为平面应变问题,采用Davidenkov动力本构模型和动塑性损伤模型,分别模拟土体和车站结构混凝土的动力特性,分析在地震动作用下地铁隧道结构的应力特性,进一步研究其动力可靠性,得到隧道结构的可靠度和可靠指标,以此评价地铁隧道结构的可靠性。结果表明：隧道结构上部右侧45°位置处的可靠性最低,下部右侧45°位置处的可靠性较低,这与隧道结构的拉应力反应的分析结果一致;基岩输入近断层地震动Northridge波和Chi-chi波时,由于地震波的脉冲效应,隧道结构的动力可靠性最低;总体而言,在0.1 g和0.2 g地震动作用下,隧道结构的可靠性足够,结构安全可靠。 相似文献
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《地球物理学报》2020,(9)
通过最速下降积分法获得了充液井孔中偏心点声源激发的井外波场的远场渐近解;利用互易性获得井外存在反射体时井内偏心接收的波场渐近解,渐近解结果与有限差分的结果吻合;分析了声源频率、偏心距离以及方位角对波场辐射与接收的影响.计算发现:声源频率是影响井外波场的主导因素,声源频率较低时,偏心点声源激发的远场波场与偏心距离无关,可以将偏心点声源视为中心声源;声源频率较高时,偏心点声源激发的远场波场与中心声源之间存在不可忽略的差异,且频率越高、偏心距离越大,差异越大.计算还发现:采用偏心声源与偏心接收时,辐射波场与接收波场的幅度都具有方位角依赖性.最后我们给出利用反射波幅度变化来消除反射体方位角180°不确定性的算例. 相似文献
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基于Fourier-Bessel级数展开法,研究深埋圆形三层复合式衬砌洞室在平面P波入射下的动应力集中问题,并给出三层衬砌洞室动应力集中系数级数解析解;依托某IX度地震区管道隧道实际工程,分析不同衬砌刚度组合和厚度组合对洞室动应力集中系数的影响。研究表明:注浆加固洞室围岩和设置减震层都可以降低二次衬砌动应力集中系数;增大围岩注浆区弹性模量和厚度,有利于减小衬砌动应力集中系数,最优围岩注浆区厚度为1倍洞室净空半径;减震层弹性模量降低,减震层厚度增大,二次衬砌动应力集中系数变小,减震层弹性模量宜低于围岩弹模1/20,最优减震层厚度宜取1/50的洞室内净空半径。最后针对实际管道隧道抗减震技术,考虑围岩稳定性,提出"围岩-加固圈-减震层-衬砌"新型减震结构,分析结果表明:对比其他三种抗减震措施,新型减震结构的减震效果最好。 相似文献
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玻璃钢夹砂管在土木水利工程领域得到了愈来愈广泛的应用,但现有的埋地管道地震响应分析模型大多不考虑管-土动力相互作用,且多针对均质材料管道,无法应用于具有明显层状复合材料结构特征的玻璃钢夹砂管。基于玻璃钢夹砂管的层状复合材料结构特征,建立了完整的埋地玻璃钢夹砂管地震响应分析模型,在数值分析模型中,考虑了管-土间复杂的动力相互作用,以及地震散射波从有限域向无限域的传播。算例分析表明,所建立的埋地玻璃钢夹砂管地震响应分析模型可合理地分析埋地玻璃钢夹砂管在地震荷载作用下的动力响应。 相似文献
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Y. Bernabé 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2009,166(5-7):969-994
Similarly to blood pulse propagation in the artery system, oscillating flow can propagate as a wave in fluid-saturated pipes, networks of pipes or, by extension, in porous media, if the fluid is compressible and/or the pipes are elastically deformable. First, propagation of flow waves generated in a semi-infinite pipe by harmonic pressure oscillations at the pipe entrance is analyzed. The dispersion equation is derived, allowing determination of the phase velocity and quality factor as functions of frequency. Wave reflections at the end of a finite-length pipe and ensuing interferences between forward and backward traveling waves are then examined. Because of fluid storage in the pipe, the amplitude of the AC volumetric fluxes entering and exiting the pipe at its upstream and downstream ends are not equal. Thus, two different, upstream and downstream, frequency-dependent, AC hydraulic conductivities are introduced. Superposed on the classic viscous-inertial flow transition (controlled by the value of the pipe radius), these complex-valued parameters show another transition between an interference-free regime at low frequencies and a strong interference regime above a critical frequency that roughly scales as the pipe length. Because of attenuation, the flow wave interferences tend to gradually weaken with increasing frequencies. Finally, the single pipe model is used to investigate fluid flow waves through pipe networks with results very similar to those described above. The flow waves analyzed here are akin to the Biot’s slow P waves and their propagation properties could affect seismic soundings in some geological settings. 相似文献
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跨越断层埋地管道屈曲分析 总被引：19，自引：7，他引：19
考虑埋地管道与土介质的相互作用，分析了管道作为薄壳结构的断层位错反应。管道模型化为四结点薄壳单元结构，土介质简化为弹塑性弹簧，建立了管土相互作用的有限元分析模型。计算中，考虑了管道与土介质的材料非线性，管道几何参数，断层类型及破碎带宽，断层滑移角，埋深，内压，温度应力等因素的影响，根据计算结果描绘出管道控制点位移，应力及应变时空分布曲线；比较不同参数下管道的反应特征，总结管道反应的变化规律。最终得到结论：在大位移断层运动作用下，埋地管道反应存在明显的非线性效应，断层类型，管道埋深等因素不能忽略。 相似文献
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断层间相互作用与地震触发机制的研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
计算地震引起的静、动应力变化量空间分布图象是国内外研究断层间相互作用与地震触发机制的两个主要方法。依据半弹性空间地震位错理论获得的静应力变化量，可以长期存在于邻近断层面上，直至下一次地震发生。因此，静应力变化量空间分布图象既被用来解释一次地震后余震活动在邻近断层上的分布规律，又被用来研究一个地区几十年至几百年地震活动过程中断层问相互作用特点和强震迁移规律。但静应力变化量随距离缩减快，空间分布与地震破裂扩展方向无关。动应力随距离衰减速度慢，量值大；在地震破裂扩展方向上，动应力变化量可以比相反方向高出一个数量级。由于动应力是伴随地震波传播而出现的，因此，动应力变化量是暂态的，作用于邻近断层面上时间有限。在分析国内外研究现状的基础上，提出我国目前在该研究领域所面临的一些问题，并说明了解决这些问题的主要技术途径。 相似文献
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Joseph Holden 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(4):437-442
Soil pipes are common and important features of many catchments, particularly in semi‐arid and humid areas, and can contribute a large proportion of runoff to river systems. They may also signi?cantly in?uence catchment sediment and solute yield. However, there are often problems in ?nding and de?ning soil pipe networks which are located deep below the surface. Ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) has been used for non‐destructive identi?cation and mapping of soil pipes in blanket peat catchments. While GPR can identify subsurface cavities, it cannot alone determine hydrological connectivity between one cavity and another. This paper presents results from an experiment to test the ability of GPR to establish hydrological connectivity between pipes through use of a tracer solution. Sodium chloride was injected into pipe cavities previously detected by the radar. The GPR was placed downslope of the injection points and positioned on the ground directly above detected soil pipes. The resultant radargrams showed signi?cant changes in re?ectance from some cavities and no change from others. Pipe waters were sampled in order to check the radar results. Changes in electrical conductivity of the pipe water could be detected by the GPR, without data post‐processing, when background levels were increased by more than approximately twofold. It was thus possible to rapidly determine hydrological connectivity of soil pipes within dense pipe networks across hillslopes without ground disturbance. It was also possible to remotely measure travel times through pipe systems; the passing of the salt wave below the GPR produced an easily detectable signal on the radargram which required no post‐processing. The technique should allow remote sensing of water sources and sinks for soil pipes below the surface. The improved understanding of ?owpath connectivity will be important for understanding water delivery, solutional and particulate denudation, and hydrological and geomorphological model development. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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A two‐dimensional simulation model of travel distances of individual particles in a gravel‐bed river is presented. The model is based on a number of rules, which include particle size, entrainment, trajectory, distance of movement and entrapment. Particle interactions are controlled by resistance fields defined about each obstacle and critical elevation defined in the model. Resistance fields, particle dropping and critical elevation rules control particle interactions. The interaction rules cause the particles to develop pebble clusters, stone cells and transverse structures (transverse ribs). The simulated travel distances of individual particles are consistent with reported field results. Individual particle travel distances were simulated using two different models; one without interactions between the individual particles and the stationary bed and one with interactions. The case without interactions demonstrates the random nature of sediment transport, and narrow ranges of travel distances. Wider ranges of travel distances, similar to those for natural situations, were obtained for the cases with interactions. The more intense the interaction between the mobile stones and the stationary ones, the wider the range of distances of travel for a given particle size. Modelling the mean travel distance yielded a result similar to that published previously, which was based on empirical data. Well developed bed‐surface structures were obtained for relatively poorly sorted sediment with intense interactions between particles. Transverse structures developed when relatively large particles were allowed to move. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The analytical algorithm developed in this work is intended for modeling wave fields at extremely long distances; it has no limitations on accuracy, media models, and observation databases and makes it possible to calculate the dynamics of individual waves (primary waves, ghost waves, etc). Comparison with experimental marine data is performed with a program developed for the calculation of wave fields. The modeling performed shows that the incorporation of absorption in the Earth ensures a good agreement between the model and the observed wave fields. The formula for the ratio between waves of different multiplicities corroborated by experimental and mathematical modeling data is obtained to a first approximation for large source-receiver separation. An analytical modeling of full wave fields has been performed, some types of waves are analyzed, and the physics of multiple waves in a layer of water is studied numerically 相似文献
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在多次各向异性散射理论的基础上,本文重新推导了方向性散射系数的球函数展开式.引入特征时间的概念,来定义震源处初始地震波脉冲宽度,并在地震波能量密度积分方程中引入任意给定频率的初始脉冲能量谱密度的解析表达.通过离散波数方法求解了修正的地震波能量密度积分方程.基于积分方程的数值解,研究了不同散射模式对S波能量密度包络曲线的影响.计算结果表明:随着震源距的增加,在S波到时之后,多次各向异性散射模式与多次各向同性散射模式合成的能量密度包络差异逐渐增大.其中通过多次前散射模式,我们可以得到不同震源距的尾波能量密度包络的同一衰减趋势,以及S波能量密度包络随着震源距的增加而出现的展宽现象.最后,利用美国内华达州Wells地震余震的台站记录验证了多次前散射模式的实用性与有效性. 相似文献
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The January 18, 2010, shallow earthquake in the Corinth Gulf, Greece (M w 5.3) generated unusually strong long-period waves (periods 4–8 s) between the P and S wave arrival. These periods, being significantly longer than the source duration, indicated a structural effect. The waves were observed in epicentral distances 40–250 km and were significant on radial and vertical component. None of existing velocity models of the studied region provided explanation of the waves. By inverting complete waveforms, we obtained an 1-D crustal model explaining the observation. The most significant feature of the best-fitting model (as well as the whole suite of models almost equally well fitting the waveforms) is a strong velocity step at depth about 4 km. In the obtained velocity model, the fast long-period wave was modeled by modal summation and identified as a superposition of several leaking modes. In this sense, the wave is qualitatively similar to P long or Pnl waves, which however are usually reported in larger epicentral distances. The main innovation of this paper is emphasis to smaller epicentral distances. We studied properties of the wave using synthetic seismograms. The wave has a normal dispersion. Azimuthal and distance dependence of the wave partially explains its presence at 46 stations of 70 examined. Depth dependence shows that the studied earthquake was very efficient in the excitation of these waves just due to its shallow centroid depth (4.5 km). 相似文献