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1.
TANG Liangjie JIA Chengzao PI Xuejun CHEN Suping WANG Zhiyu XIE Huiwen . Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing China . Basin & Reservoir Research Center University of Petroleum Beijing China . PetroChina Company Limited Beijing China . Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Ltd. Kurle China . Department of Geology University of Petroleum Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(10):886-895
It is indicated that the salt beds have a bearingupon the hydrocarbon accumulation more than 80%discovered oil-gas reserves of the world[1]. The saltbeds can change the occurrence of overlying horizons,forming various structural traps[2,3]. The salt bed itselfis the most effective caprocks. The deposits ofhigh-saliniferous environment may have favorablepetroleum-generating conditions[4]. The salt beds withlow specific thermal conductivity may result in highergeothermal gradient of sub-salt str… 相似文献
2.
结合塔里木库车前陆盆地的109口井的地温数据，给出了库车盆地的地温场分布特征. 库车盆地各构造单元的平均地温梯度值为18～28℃/km，与我国其他大、中型沉积盆地相比，仍然偏低. 库车前陆盆地整体上是属于低温冷盆，山前带部位，依奇克里克、克拉苏和大宛齐等构造分区是低温冷盆中的高地温梯度带；从山前带由北向南，地温梯度逐渐降低. 在盆地的南部，地温梯度又存在明显差异. 总体上，地温梯度随深度的增加而降低，趋于一致，但在不同地质构造条件下其变化的速率不同. 在此基础上，进一步探讨地温梯度与盆地形成和构造演化的关系以及油气勘探意义. 相似文献
3.
Segmentations of foreland belts and their tectonic mechanism in the Southwest Tarim Basin 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Many geologists focus on the foreland structures, co-relationship between shallow and deep structures and their dynamics between intra-continent orogenies and foreland basin in recent years[1―17]. The intra-plate collision and deformed area of West Kunlun-Pamirand Southern Tianshan become the natural lab of this studies and there are many new developments con-cerned with the geometry and kinemics of foreland thrusting, back-thrusting and triangle zones[3―14]. Many types of foreland thrusti… 相似文献
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柯坪塔格地区位于西南天山与塔里木盆地之间, 是塔里木地台的一部分, 其构造隆升与天山和塔里木盆地的演化密切相关. 本文首次将(U-Th)/He热定年技术应用于该地区构造抬升的研究, 对该区震旦系露头样品的磷灰石和锆石的(U-Th)/He进行了年龄测定和热史模拟, 结果表明柯坪塔格地区主要经历了4期构造抬升事件, 导致震旦系抬升至地表, 其中磷灰石(U-Th)/He年龄揭示了晚白垩世和中新世两期的构造抬升事件. 在早石炭世, 震旦系温度达到最大, 介于133~150°C之间, 结合沉积埋藏史得到当时的最大埋深是3400~3900 m. 在渐新世-中新世, 受印度-欧亚板块碰撞远程效应的影响, 柯坪塔格地区沿柯坪塔格-沙井子断裂向巴楚隆起上逆冲, 地层快速抬升遭受剥蚀. 在15~10 Ma时, 柯坪塔格地区震旦系已抬升至地表. 自早石炭世至今, 柯坪塔格地区总剥蚀量达6170 m. 柯坪塔格地区自中生代以来的构造-热演化史与塔里木盆地北缘是一致的, 但与天山及处于塔里木盆地内部的巴楚隆起的构造抬升过程存在差异. 中新世以后, 受喜山运动远程效应影响, 柯坪塔格和天山才同处于抬升状态; 而巴楚隆起在古近纪早期仍处于抬升剥蚀状态, 与柯坪塔格地区接受沉积相反. 本文利用(U-Th)/He热定年技术成功地揭示了柯坪塔格地区自震旦纪以来的构造-热演化史, 这些结果有利于人们对这一地区构造抬升的正确认识. 同时, 本研究对塔里木盆地的油气勘探及天山地区的构造研究具有指导意义. 相似文献
6.
通过大量野外地质调查和深部物探（地震剖面、MT和重力）综合构造解释，在位于东起八盘水磨，西对乌鲁克恰特以西的南天山前陆冲断带中，确定了阿图什－八盘水磨反冲构造系统及其三角带构造；该反冲系统由小阿图什－八盘水磨和乌尔－喀拉套山反冲构造系统及小阿图什－乌鲁克恰特被变形的反冲构造系统组成；即在以往认为南天山向塔里木盆地大规模中推覆的地区，塔里木盆地美国层第四纪以来沿多组滑脱面向天山新生代造山带反冲推覆。塔里木盆地反冲构造系统发育的区域基底埋深往往大于10km，对应麦盖提基底构造下凹区，而相邻柯坪塔格薄皮推覆构造系统发育的区域基底埋深一般小于10km,对应巴楚基底构造上隆区；逆冲和反冲构造转换带基底埋深约10km,平衡剖面恢复表明弧形逆冲和反冲构造顶部分别为逆冲和反冲位移量最大位置。 相似文献
7.
通过研究库车地区的地震活动性 ,由地震分布的规律性推断可能的基底断裂 ,并分析了基底活动断裂与地表构造的对应关系、盖层变形和基底变形特征的差异及成因。结果表明 :1)地震震中分布揭示库车坳陷内对应东、西秋里塔格背斜带位置上 ,基底中发育东秋里塔格深断裂和南、北秋里塔格深断裂 ;另外 ,依奇克里克背斜和亚肯背斜位置上也存在对应的深断裂 ,这表明地表构造的形成受深部构造的控制。 2 )依奇克里克构造西端至东秋 5井连线位置上发育 1条NE向走滑断裂 ,在拜城西侧发 1条NW走向的活动断裂 ,这 2条切穿构造走向的活动断裂是库车坳陷构造分段的主因。 3)基底和盖层变形特征的差异主要源于二者之间介质特性的差异。盆地基底岩石圈强度非常高 ,决定了其变形以脆性破裂———地震活动为主 ;而盖层中沉积岩层强度较弱 ,且存在煤和膏盐等极软弱的薄层 ,在构造挤压作用下 ,可以产生黏性或塑性流动大变形及顺层无震滑脱 相似文献
8.
Depositional architecture of the tertiary tectonic sequences and their response to foreland tectonism in the Kuqa depression, the Tarim Basin 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
The Tertiary Kuqa depression is a foreland basin generated by flexural subsidence resulting from the southward thrusting of
the southern Tianshan Mountains. Tertiary basin fills of the depression can be classified into four tectonic sequences bounded
by gentle angular unconformities. The sequences are composed of two parts, the lower transgressive and the upper progradational
successions, which are separated by a regional maximum transgressive surface. The development of these sequences is attributed
to the foreland tectonic process from flexural subsidence caused by thrust loading to rebounded uplift due to the erosion
and stress release. The generation of the angular unconformities defining the tectonic sequences has been interpreted as the
result of the rebounded uplift and the following thrusting. It has been found that there is a significant difference in depositional
pattern between the northeastern and the northwestern margins. The relatively strong thrusting and mountain building occurring
along the northwestern margin resulted in the development of thick-bedded alluvial fan and angular unconformities. The northeastern
margin, in contract, lacks thick alluvial fan accumulation due to weak thrusting. This difference is likely related to the
pre-existing east-west partition of the basin basement. 相似文献
9.
Most of petroliferous sedimentary basins in China have experienced multiple phases of tectonic evolution and deposition, and are characterized by tectonic and depositional superimposition. The term "superimposed basin" is suggested to describe those basins which consist of two or more simple prototype basins superimposing vertically and/or coalescing laterally. The characteristics of petroliferous superimposed basins are "multiple stages of basin forming and reworking, multiple layers of source rocks, multiple periods of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, multiple periods of petroleum migration-accumulation-escape". Therefore,applying the wave process analysis method to studying the process of basin formation, hydrocarbon generation, and reservoir formation, and then establishing theory of "petroleum accumulation system" is helpful to enhancing petroleum exploration efficiency in superimposed basins.This paper will, based on case study in the Tarim basin, report the major developments in studying basin formation, hydrocarbon generation and petroleum accumulation. In study of basin formation, (1) geophysical comprehensive profiles reveal that the Tarim plate has been subducted beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt with an interfinger structure and that the deep structure in the eastern section of the Tianshan orogenic belt is different from that in the western section. (2) The vertical variation in debris and geochemical composition reveals the nature and Mesozoic-Cenozoic evolution history of the Kuqa Depression. (3) Field investigation and paleostress reconstruction show that the Kuqa Depression has undergone gravity-driven extension in sedimentary cover when the Tianshan uplifted vertically. In hydrocarbon generation study, new developments include (1) setting environmental index to judge high grade source rocks in marine carbonates, and (2) establishing the lower limit of the organic carbon content for effective carbonate source rocks. In petroleum accumulation study, (1) methods of determining paleopressure and paleotemperature of forming fluid inclusions have been established. (2) The petroleum source analysis has indicated that the crude oil in the Lunnan and Tahe oilfields are derived from the source rocks of the Middle and Upper Ordovician. (3) Three generations of oil inclusions from the Lunnan oilfield have been recognized and dated. 相似文献
10.
Since the latest Oligocene–earliest Miocene the building of the Sicilian fold and thrust belt has been accompanied by development of a “peripheral” foreland basin system which migrated toward the foreland. In north-western Sicily, the sedimentary record of the foreland basin system migration is represented by a stratigraphic succession made up of several lithostratigraphic units, bounded by regional unconformity surfaces, deposited recording at least four main sedimentary phases, each characterized by the development of different types of syntectonic basins. 相似文献
11.
西南天山-塔里木盆地结合带浅深构造关系 ——深地震反射剖面的初步揭露 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
盆山结合部的浅-深结构样式是进行陆内造山动力学研究与讨论的重要依据.2007年,在喀什东的天山与塔里木盆地之间的过渡带上,完成了一条近南北向的长度为121 km的主动源深地震反射剖面,显示出盆山结合部现今地壳尺度的构造格架.剖面南部呈现出10~12 km巨厚的沉积盖层,沉积盖层内发育滑脱断层;盆山结合部多排隆起构造以及天山山前上地壳显现出向北倾斜的断裂与地表地质观察吻合;盆山结合带展现出滑脱与逆冲推覆构造相关的断层褶皱;与塔里木盆地稳定沉积层相比,在南天山浅、中层地层受到强烈的变形改造,导致地层比较破碎,反射变弱、连续性较差;时间剖面上可以追踪到比较连续的Moho反射,从南向北有加深的趋势.深地震反射剖面揭露出的西南天山与塔里木盆地的这些浅-深构造,展现出塔里木盆地盖层向南天山滑脱与南天山向塔里木盆地逆冲推覆的特征,反映出陆内汇聚下的盆山耦合关系. 相似文献
12.
本文分析了塔里木盆地大量实测镜质体反射率(Ro)数据,显示盆地西北部石炭系与二叠系之间Ro值演化不连续,记录了石炭-二叠纪间发生的构造-热事件,是地层抬升剥蚀和高温热事件共同作用的结果.热史模拟得出盆地在石炭纪末地温梯度开始升高,至~300 Ma达到峰值,分布在4.8~5.6℃/100m之间,早二叠世迅速降低,随后进入缓慢稳定降低阶段.区域上高温热效应空间分布与塔里木大火成岩省的分布范围存在较好的相关性,但早于大规模玄武岩喷发的时间(290—288Ma),且后者热效应范围有限.因此推断这种高温异常是大规模的深部岩浆活动,即深部岩浆房相对长时间热烘烤的结果.该研究结果为塔里木盆地热演化机制及相关热效应提供了新的线索. 相似文献
13.
１９９７年１月２１日至４月１６日（北京时间）新疆伽师地区连续发生了７次６级以上 强烈地震．为了深入研究该强震群形成的构造背景,我们在伽师强震群区及其邻域大约 １１ ０００ｋｍ２的范围内布设了由 ３０台宽频带数字地震仪组成的流动地震台阵,台站的间距约５－ １０ｋｍ．利用远震体波接收函数的叠加偏移分析及其非线性反演技术,研究了台阵下方０－ １００ｋｍ深度范围内地壳、上地幔的三维Ｓ波速度结构．结果表明：１)Ｍｏｈｏ界面的深度在塔里 木盆地一侧为４０-５２ｋｍ,而在靠近天山一侧的褶皱变形区为６０-７６ｋｍ,南天山山前折皱变形 区的地壳厚度明显增大,地壳内部产生了明显变形;２)塔里木盆地北缘存在明显的不均匀性, 塔里木盆地与天山之间的接触变形关系显示了塔里木盆地向北北西方向的挤压作用,台阵下 方壳幔界面的地形与地表的地貌特征有较好的相关性,山前弧形褶皱带的形成与地下深部结 构及挤压作用有关;３)伽师强震群分布在壳幔界面梯度带的上方,该震群的成因可能与震源 区附近的隐伏断裂活动有关;４)由于震源处于褶皱变形区的地壳上部,相应的剪切模量较小, 这可能是伽师强震群应力降明显偏低的... 相似文献
14.
Tectonic stress field and its effect on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in Mesozoic and Cenozoic in Kuqa depression, Tarim basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Through rock acoustic emission experiments and structural deformation analysis, the tectonic stages in Meso-Cenozoic in the Kuqa depression of the Tarim basin are firstly divided. Then, combining with rock magnetic fabric analysis and memory information, the distribution characteristics of tectonic stress field of every tectonic stage are quantificationally resumed. At the same time, according to the distribution relation of tectonic stress field of hydrocarbon formation stage by the finite element numerical simulation method and the known hydrocarbon reservoirs, the effects of tectonic stress field on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation are further analyzed. The Kuqa depression has mainly experienced six tectonic movements since Mesozoic. Except that the tectonic stress field of the Early Yanshan stage (208-135 Ma) showed northeast-southwest extensional stress field where the orientation of the maximum principal compressive stress (σ1) was northwest-southeast, the others were compressive stress field where the orientations of the maximum principal compressive stress (σ1) were near north-south. Along with the closure of the paleo-Tethys ocean, the Kuqa depression in the Indosinian stage (250-208 Ma) was in strong compressive circumstance with apparently big maximum principal stress (σ1) magnitude. Due to the equilibrium adjustment of interior Eurasia, the Kuqa depression in the Early Yanshan stage (208-135 Ma) was in weak extensional circumstance with apparently small maximum principal stress (σ1) magnitude. From the Late Yanshan stage (135-65 Ma) on, with a series of collision events occurring at the south edge of Eurasia, the Kuqa depression was in compressive circumstance again in which the maximum principal stress (σ1) magnitude was from small to big in turn. The Late Himalayan stage (2.6-0.7 Ma) was the main tectonic deformation stage with the biggest principal compressive stress (σ1) magnitude. Tectonic stress field plays a dominant role in hydrocarbon formation, it not only forms migration channels and trap structures for hydrocarbon accumulation, but also is the main drive power for hydrocarbon migration vertically along faults. 相似文献
15.
珠江口盆地及其邻近地区的活动断裂与地震活动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
珠江口盆地位于南海北部，属于大陆地壳的陆缘张裂型盆地，其形成与地幔向上隆起和地壳拉张减薄有密切关系，自中新世纪晚期以来，珠江口盆地的坳陷为沉积区，盆地的隆起及外围为剥蚀区。 相似文献
16.
Assessing tectonic and climatic causal mechanisms in foreland‐basin stratal architecture: insights from the Alborz Mountains,northern Iran 
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下载免费PDF全文 The southern foreland basin of the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran is characterized by an approximately 7.3‐km‐thick sequence of Miocene sedimentary rocks, constituting three basin‐wde coarsening‐upward units spanning a period of 106 years. We assess available magnetostratigraphy, paleoclimatic reconstructions, stratal architecture, records of depositional environments, and sediment‐provenance data to characterize the relationships between tectonically‐generated accommodation space (A) and sediment supply (S). Our analysis allows an inversion of the stratigraphy for particular forcing mechanisms, documenting causal relationships, and providing a basis to decipher the relative contributions of tectonics and climate (inferred changes in precipitation) in controlling sediment supply to the foreland basin. Specifically, A/S > 1, typical of each basal unit (17.5–16.0, 13.8–13.1 and 10.3–9.6 Ma), is associated with sharp facies retrogradation and reflects substantial tectonic subsidence. Within these time intervals, arid climatic conditions, changes in sediment provenance, and accelerated exhumation in the orogen suggest that sediment supply was most likely driven by high uplift rates. Conversely, A/S < 1 (13.8 and 13.8–11 Ma, units 1, and 2) reflects facies progradation during a sharp decline in tectonic subsidence caused by localized intra‐basinal uplift. During these time intervals, climate continued to be arid and exhumation active, suggesting that sediment supply was again controlled by tectonics. A/S < 1, at 11–10.3 Ma and 9‐6–7.6 Ma (and possibly 6.2; top of units 2 and 3), is also associated with two episodes of extensive progradation, but during wetter phases. The first episode appears to have been linked to a pulse in sediment supply driven by an increase in precipitation. The second episode reflects a balance between a climatically‐induced increase in sediment supply and a reduction of subsidence through the incorporation of the proximal foreland into the orogenic wedge. This in turn caused an expansion of the catchment and a consequent further increase in sediment supply. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
利用在新疆伽师地区布设的流动台阵记录到的地方震波形数据,研究了伽师强震群附近各台站横波分裂现象,给出了相应的快波偏振方向的平面场分布. 发现在台阵的塔里木盆地一侧,波偏振方向为近SN向,与塔里木盆地的区域主压应力方向一致,但在塔里木盆地北部边缘的褶皱变形带内,快波偏振方向变为近EW向,特别是在柯坪断裂附近,快波偏振方向与阿图什地震的震源断层方向基本一致. 由于快波偏振方向平行于主压应力方向,给出的快波偏振方向反映了相应的主压应力场特征. 结果表明,伽师强震群的成因很可能是塔里木盆地北缘横向非均匀变形造成的局部张性剪切应变能的释放. 相似文献
18.
利用横跨塔里木盆地、阿尔金造山带和柴达木盆地的拜城—大柴旦综合地球物理剖面的人工地震宽角反射/折射资料，对拜城—大柴旦剖面研究区上地壳的Q值结构进行了反演. 结果表明，研究区上地壳的Q值结构具有明显的分层性，Q值随深度的加大而增大；横向对应的不同地质构造单元的Q值具有不同的分布特点. 塔里木盆地的上地壳具有稳定的Q值结构，但盆地北缘（特别是库车坳陷）的Q值比南缘的低，表明北缘的介质比较破碎. 这可能与盆地北缘活跃的构造特征与巨大的沉积厚度有关，是引起盆地南北两侧地震活动性差异（北缘强，南缘弱）的重要原因之一. 阿尔金造山带上地壳的平均Q值较高（约500），这可能由于结晶基底埋藏较浅，基岩出露，因此地震波在此处传播能量衰减较慢所致. 柴达木盆地西半部分上地壳的Q值除了表层的（厚1.0～2.0km）较高外，其余各层的Q值与塔里木盆地中部的相当（平均约400），显示了与塔里木盆地相似的稳定构造. 相似文献
19.
The structural activities took place extensively in the Asia continent during the Cenozoic era owing to the strong continent-to-continent
collision and continuous compression between the India Plate and the Eurasia Plate. Huang Jiqing called such structural activities
Himalayan movement. China’s sedimentary basins developed and took shape mainly during the Himalayan movement period. It is
also the main period for formation and development of the oil and gas reservoirs. Of 366 large and medium-sized oil and gas
fields currently found in China, 212 reservoirs were formed in the Neogene-Quaternary period. The proportion is as high as
68.2%. The oil and gas migration and accumulation in the latest geological period, which were controlled by the times, properties,
styles and strength of the Himalayan movement, took place mainly in eight regions, such as the low uplift area of Bohai Sea,
the onshore faulted sag area of Bohai Bay, anticlinorium zone in Daqing, the foreland fold-and-thrust belt in West China,
the tilted structural zone in West China, the cratonic palaeohigh in the Tarim Basin, the zone of fault and fold belt in the
East Sichuan Basin, and the biological gas zone in the East Qaidam Basin. The oil and gas pool formations in those regions
have their own characteristics. With the great potential and broad prospect, those regions are the main exploration areas
in China in the future. 相似文献
20.
Hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution in lower Paleozoic carbonates in Tarim Basin 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Lü Xiuxiang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2000,43(5):501-506
Carbonates are the main exploratory layers in Tarim Paleozoic cratonic basin. With abundant oil and gas sources, the lower
Paleozoic carbonate in which traps develop over a large area and at a high amplitude, has the basic condition to form large
oil and (or) gas fields. Three types of petroleum accumulation models, which consist of buried-hill petroleum accumulation
in the high part of the uplift, inner structure petroleum accumulation in the pitching part of the uplift and fault horst
petroleum accumulation on the border of the uplift, are found in the lower Paleozoic carbonates. Petroleum occurrence is mainly
controlled by paleo-uplift, fault, unconformity and fracture system. The pitching part of the paleo-uplift and the fault belts
on the paleo-uplift are the favorable exploratory areas. 相似文献