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滇西北地区断层破碎带宽度与断层错距的统计关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以非粘土断层泥带宽度与断层错距在断层(带)发育中期线性相关的实验结果为依据,对滇西北地区断层破碎带宽度(W)与断层错距(D)的关系作了统计分析,目的在于建立一种从断层破碎带几何特征反演断层背景位移的新方法。通过对该区中等发育程度的33条断层48组样本的统计,得到相关性较好的D=18.5W的经验关系式,同时还就这一关系式的适用范围及影响因素进行了分析讨论。应用D—W关系,确定了直线型的剑川断裂中北段的背景位移分布,并提出断层的背景位移分布可作为断层分段的一个重要指标。 相似文献
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利用断层带特有震相通过观测模拟可以得到断层带介质的性质。本文回顾了地震学领域中断层带震相研究的发展历程,对断层带首波、断层带围陷波的国内外研究现状进行了综述,并结合国际上有关断层带震相研究的最新进展,对基于地震波形研究断层性质的前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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通过济南辉长岩双剪摩擦实验,笔者研究了非粘土断层泥带厚度随断层滑移的变化特征及主要影响因素。结果表明:非粘土断层泥的形成过程具有明显的分段特征。在断层演化的中期阶段,非粘土断层泥带厚度与断层错距呈明显的线性关系。该关系的建立,为从构造物理角度反演断层错距提供了一个可尝试的途径;凹凸体作用的结果,为非粘土断层泥的形成提供了丰富的物质来源,同时,凹凸体的几何尺度又控制着断层泥带的极限厚度。这一发现不仅对于研究断层泥的形成过程,而且对于研究断层发育的后期阶段的摩擦滑动性状都有重要意义。 相似文献
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应用化探方法研究断层活动性及发震构造 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
应用与断层活动有关的断层气资料研究断层的活动性,首先是要确定测区的背景值和异常下限,进而研究断层的活动性和分段特征,查找隐伏断裂及其产状,比较不同强震区断层气的异常值及峰值,判断潜在震源区的未来危险地段。重复测定活动断层的活动段以了解断层的动态变化,为预测断层的活动趋势与孕震关系提供依据。 相似文献
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关于直立倾滑断层运动的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
直立倾滑断层运动的一个重要特点是:其驱动力应该是产生于断层带附近深部物质的差异升降运动。在这种条件下,断层的扩展将是一个从深到浅的过程。地壳强度按深度峰形分布可能是这种过程缓慢地进行到某一阶段出现失稳的一个重要原因。另一个对直立倾滑断层运动有重要影响的因素是围压按深度的分布。在深部,因为围压很大,所以断层能够沿平面扩展;而在浅部,当围压足够小时,在断层的端都会出现侧向张性破裂。 相似文献
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鲜水河断裂是一条现今仍在强烈活动的断裂。该断裂的断层蠕动与地震愈来愈为人们所关注。为更深入研究鲜水河断裂的活动特性,1987年首次在该断裂的沟普、龙灯坝建造了半地下巷道式形变观测站,安装了能连续自动记录水平运动的DSJ断层活动测量仪。通过观测,取得了连续的断层水平运动资料,显示了沟普、龙灯坝断层的蠕动变化。初步观测表明,断层蠕动与该带上的地震有关,这一信息可以成为具有地震预报意义的前兆。 相似文献
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利用1999—2015年GPS水平速度场, 基于块体-位错模型, 反演了青藏高原东北缘4条主要断裂(海原断裂, 六盘山断裂, 陇县—宝鸡断裂, 西秦岭北缘断裂)的闭锁程度和滑动亏损速率的空间分布, 并分析了各断裂的地震危险性。 结果显示, 六盘山断裂南段、 陇县-宝鸡断裂北段、 西秦岭北缘断裂东段闭锁程度最强, 闭锁深度达到24 km左右; 西秦岭北缘断裂东段滑动亏损速率最大, 平均值达到3 mm/a; 六盘山断裂南段、 陇县—宝鸡断裂北段滑动亏损速率平均值达到1.9 mm/a, 稍弱于西秦岭北缘断裂东段; 海原断裂闭锁程度和滑动亏损速率相对较小, 闭锁程度和滑动亏损都仅分布在浅部。 我们认为现阶段海原断裂的地震危险性相对较小, 六盘山断裂南段、 陇县—宝鸡北段、 西秦岭北缘断裂东段地震危险性高于这些断裂的其他段落。 这些结果对于青藏高原东北缘地震危险性判定和地震灾害评估具有参考意义。 相似文献
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广东地区断裂安全度的计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以准静态非稳定地震模型为理论依据，采用二维有限元方法与正交设计法，联合反演本世纪以来广东省及其邻近地区的５次强震活动对断裂安全度的影响。进行探讨潜在的地震危险区。结果表明，断裂安全度下降剧烈特别是安全度接近为零的地区具有较大的危险性。阳江地震以后，广东东部的几条北西断裂安全度数值较低，最近期地震危险最突出的地段。此外，珠江三角洲南侧的北东东向断裂与北西向断裂的交汇处也具有一定的潜在地震危险。 相似文献
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徐州活动断层探测项目主要断层活动性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对徐州市主要可能的发震断层开展了活动性探测及地震危险性评价工作,这对徐州市开展防震减灾工作具有重大意义.根据前人资料,分析了威胁徐州市区安全的主要5条隐伏断层,它们分别为幕集-刘集断裂、不老河断裂、废黄河断裂、班井断裂和邵楼断裂.同时根据徐州市活动断层探测项目的要求,针对这5条主要断层开展了浅层地震勘探、钻孔联合剖面探测、野外地震地质调查等相关工作,评价了这5条断层的活动历史、活动性质、规模、展布和地貌特征,及其最新活动时代.结果表明,废黄河断裂最新活动时代为中更新世中期,邵楼断裂最新活动时代为早更新世,这2条断层是目标区具备一定程度发震能力和地震危险性最大的断层. 相似文献
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在分析构造应力场最大主应力方向和断层走向之间的夹角与断层错动关系的基础上，同时还考虑断层的几何特征，错动性质以及应力场状态等因素，提出以断怪启动系数Ｋ值来定量表征处在相同构造尖力环境中，不同走向的活动断裂的活动程度，并以１９８８年澜沧－耿马大震序鲁为例，计算了大震和强余震震源机制节面的断层启动系数，对震区主要活动断裂在近似情况下也计算了断层启动系数，以此在结合地震破裂带等资料对大震和强余震的发震断 相似文献
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从块体中心论的角度出发,根据中国活动地块研究的最新成果,对1977—2003年中国大陆强震成组发生的构造和震源机制特征进行了分析。结果表明,这些成组发生的强震大都位于活动地块区(Ⅰ级地块)的边界带上或活动地块区内活动地块(Ⅱ级地块)的边界带上。根据哈佛大学提供的CMT(矩张量)解,同组的强震大都具有相似的震源机制。事实表明活动地块区具有整体活动的特点,而且在动力学与运动学方面存在统一性。这些特征对认识强震成组活动的机理,缩小成组强震预测的空间范围具有现实意义 相似文献
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Earthquake recurrence on whole active fault zones and its relation to that on individual fault-segments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
IntroductionEarthquake recurrence models established on activity behaviors of strong earthquakes are the bases of long-term earthquake prediction, seismic risk zonation, and seismic hazard assessment. A lot of studies have been carried out on earthquake recurrence behaviors for specific seismogenic sources or fault-segments, and a series of empirical recurrence models have been proposed, such as the time-predictable model and the slip-predictable model for earthquakes repeated at the previous … 相似文献
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DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS AND KINEMATIC PARAMETERS INVERSION OF HAIYUAN FAULT ZONE BASED ON TIME SERIES INSAR 
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下载免费PDF全文 Located at the bend of the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Haiyuan fault zone is a boundary fault of the stable Alashan block, the stable Ordos block and the active Tibet block, and is the most significant fault zone for the tectonic deformation and strong earthquake activity. In 1920, a M8.5 earthquake occurred in the eastern segment of the fault, causing a surface rupture zone of about 240km. After that, the segment has been in a state of calmness in seismic activity, and no destructive earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above have occurred. Determining the current activity of the Haiyuan fault zone is very important and necessary for the analysis and assessment of its future seismic hazard.
To study activity of the Haiyuan fault zone, the degree of fault coupling and the future seismic hazard, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research using geology methods and GPS geodetic techniques, but these methods have certain limitations. The geology method is a traditional classical method of fault activity research, but dislocation measurement can only be performed on a local good fault outcrop. There are a limited number of field measurement points and the observation results are not equally limited depending on the sampling location and sampling method. The distribution of GPS stations is sparse, especially in the near-fault area, there is almost no GPS data. Therefore, the spatial resolution of the deformation field features obtained by GPS is low, and there are certain limitations in the kinematic parameter inversion using this method.
In this study, we obtain the average InSAR line-of-sight deformation field from the Maomaoshan section to the mid-1920s earthquake rupture segment of the Haiyuan earthquake in the period from 2003 to 2010 based on the PSInSAR technique. The results show that there are obvious differences between the slip rates of the two walls of the fault in the north and the south, which are consistent with the motion characteristics of left-lateral strike-slip in the Haiyuan fault zone. Through the analysis of the high-density cross-fault deformation rate profile of the Laohushan segment, it is determined that the creep length is about 19km. Based on the two-dimensional arctangent model, the fault depth and deep slip rate of different locations in the Haiyuan fault zone are obtained. The results show that the slip rate and the locking depth of the LHS segment change significantly from west to east, and the slip rate decreases from west to east, decreasing from 7.6mm/a in the west to 4.5mm/a in the easternmost. The western part of the LHS segment and the middle part are in a locked state. The western part has a locking depth of 4.2~4.4km, and the middle part has a deeper locking depth of 6.9km, while the eastern part is less than 1km, that is, the shallow surface is creeping, and the creep rate is 4.5~4.8mm/a. On the whole, the 1920 earthquake's rupture segment of the Haiyuan fault zone is in a locked state, and both the slip rate and the locking depth are gradually increased from west to east. The slip rate is increased from 3.2mm/a in the western segment to 5.4mm/a in the eastern segment, and the locking depth is increased from 4.8km in the western segment to 7.5km in the eastern segment. The results of this study refine the understanding of the slip rate and the locking depth of the different segments of the Haiyuan fault zone, and provide reference information for the investigation of the strain accumulation state and regional seismic hazard assessment of different sections of the fault zone. 相似文献
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Yu. O. Kuzmin 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2016,52(5):709-722
The analysis of the existing information concerning the present-day deformation activity of the fault zones in seismically active and aseismic regions suggests that the notions of an active fault and a dangerous fault should be distinguished. It is shown that a fault which is active for an expert in geotectonics will not be considered dangerous by an expert in geotechnical monitoring of buildings. The definition is given according to which a dangerous fault is understood as a zone of linear destruction which accommodates the contemporary short-period (a few months and years) pulsed and/or alternating motions with strain rates above 5 × 10–5 per annum and earthquakes with M ≥ 5. A technique is developed for identifying the dangerous faults based on monitoring the recent ground surface displacements in accordance with a special protocol which ensures an increased degree of detail in time and space. Based on the idea of the probable accumulation of dangerous strains during the operating cycle of the objects, the criteria for assessing their geodynamical risks are formulated. 相似文献
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《地震研究进展（英文）》2021,1(4):100035
Detecting subsurface fault structure is important for evaluating potential earthquake risks associated with active faults. In this study, we propose a new method to detect faults using reflected surface waves observed in ambient noise cross correlation functions. Ambient noise tomography using direct surface waves obtained from ambient noise interferometry has been widely used to characterize active fault zones. In cases where a strong velocity contrast exists across the fault interface, fault-reflected surface waves are expected. We test this idea using a linear array deployed in the Suqian segment of Tanlu fault zone in Eastern China. The fault-reflected surface waves can be clearly seen in the cross-correlation functions of the ambient noise data, and the spatial position of the fault on the surface is close to the stations where the reflected signals first appear. Potentially reflected surface waves could also be used to infer the dip angle, fault zone thickness and the degree of velocity contrast across the fault by comparing synthetic and observed waveforms. 相似文献