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1.
介绍了摩擦摆隔震支座的基本构成和隔震原理。利用力学平衡原理,对摩擦摆隔震支座进行了理论分析,推导了摩擦摆隔震支座的刚度和等效粘滞阻尼比,构造了摩擦摆隔震支座的滞回模型,并探讨了该支座的自回复能力,得到了其最大残余位移计算公式。采用有限元软件ABAQUS,对摩擦摆隔震支座进行实体单元建模,模拟低周反复荷载作用下,该支座的滞回特性与回复特性。研究结果表明:①理论分析和数值模拟结果吻合较好,验证了提出的滞回模型和最大残余位移计算公式的正确性;②摩擦摆隔震支座的滞回曲线饱满,具有良好的滞回性能;③摩擦摆隔震支座的刚度与球面半径成反比,可能的最大残余位移为摩擦系数和球面半径的乘积;④该支座的最大应力出现在支座处于设计位移的时刻,且一般位于滑块或支座板球铰面边缘。  相似文献   

2.
针对村镇房屋隔震设施薄弱的问题,本着低成本、易施工的原则,设计了一种玄武岩纤维混凝土材料的摩擦摆隔震支座。将该新型支座与传统钢制摩擦摆支座进行拟静力试验,研究了该新型支座在相同的竖向荷载作用,不同频率下的干摩擦和润滑摩擦两种工况的支座的滞回性能,得出了该新型支座的基本力学性能,通过利用SAP2000有限元模型对采用该新型支座的隔震结构进行了动力时程分析,并且将该新型支座与传统钢制摩擦摆支座在滞回性能、构造方式和经济性三方面进行对比分析。结果表明:玄武岩纤维混凝土摩擦摆支座的滞回性能略低于钢制摩擦摆支座滞回性能,该支座隔震效果显著且易模性好,便于施工,造价低廉,适用于低层村镇房屋隔震设计与施工。  相似文献   

3.
方形多铅芯橡胶支座力学性能研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
本文通过对方形多铅芯橡胶支座竖向压缩性能试验,水平剪切性能试验以及其等效刚度、屈服强度、屈服后刚度、等效阻尼比等水平特征参数与水平剪切应变和竖向压应力的关系,特别是对其在不同方向上压缩剪切变形状态下的性能试验,分析了这种隔震支座各种水平特征参数在不同方向上变化的相关规律。得出在这种类型橡胶隔震支座在双向水平荷载同时作用下,竖向性能和水平性能较为稳定,是较为理想的桥梁结构的减隔震装置。  相似文献   

4.
SMA-橡胶支座的力学性能试验研究   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6  
SMA-橡胶支座是一种由叠层橡胶垫和形状记忆合金(SMA)复合而成的新型隔震支座。阐明了SMA-橡胶支座的设计思路和工作机理,通过SMA-橡胶支座实物模型的伪动力试验,考察了支座的水平和竖向刚度、耗能能力和等效阻尼比,研究了位移幅值、加载频率、竖向荷载等参数对支座力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,SMA-橡胶支座工作性能稳定,耗能能力较强,是一种性能优良的新型隔震装置。  相似文献   

5.
网架减震球型钢支座减震性能振动台试验研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
针对网架结构的受力特点,提出了一种新型网架减震球型钢支座.按照相似原理制作了网架减震球型钢支座的缩尺模型,并通过模拟地震振动台试验系统地研究了这种支座在地震作用下的减隔震性能.试验结果表明,网架减震球型钢支座能够有效阻隔地震动向上部结构的传递,滞回环饱满、等效阻尼比大,具有良好的隔震及减震耗能能力.  相似文献   

6.
通过试验研究了一种新型SMA弹簧-摩擦支座(SMA Spring-Friction Bearing,简称SFB)的滞回性能。首先,研制了大尺寸NiTi记忆合金(NiTi SMA)螺旋弹簧。在此基础上,加工制作了SFB试件实物模型,对其进行了拟静力试验研究。考察了竖向压力、位移幅值和加载频率对SFB的恢复力-位移曲线以及等效刚度、单位循环耗能、等效阻尼比和等效动摩擦系数的影响。研究结果表明:SFB在水平方向呈现独特的恢复力-位移曲线;SFB的滞回曲线饱满、耗能能力较好,且具有一定的复位能力;竖向压力、位移幅值对SFB力学参数有一定影响,而在试验加载频率区间其力学参数较为稳定。  相似文献   

7.
道庆洲桥是一座公轨两用双层变高钢桁组合桥梁,采用双曲面球型减隔震支座。该支座的竖向承载力为135 000 kN,超出桥梁双曲面球型减隔震支座规范的正常标准。为了研究此桥的抗震性能及其支座性能,本文设计和制作了安装有与实桥支座的竖向承载力相似比为1∶25的双曲面球型减隔震支座的双层变高度钢桁梁节段的缩尺模型,对其进行拟静力试验。得到了整个模型在不同支座轴压比下的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度和水平承载力退化、耗能能力和滑动摩擦系数等抗震性能指标。试验结果表明:不同支座轴压比下,模型的滞回曲线饱满,呈现为平行四边形;与普通双曲面球型减隔震支座相比,支座的滞回性能相同;随着支座轴压比的增加,模型的水平承载能力、累积耗能、初始刚度和滑动摩擦系数也会相应增加,但对于水平承载力退化、刚度退化和等效黏滞系数影响较小;试验模型具有良好的抗震性能。  相似文献   

8.
滑移摩擦隔震系统在多向地面运动作用下的试验研究   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
基础隔震通常只考虑隔离水平地面运动,而对竖向地面运动的影响注意不够,本文进行了滑移摩擦隔震系统的振动台房屋模型试验,研究多向地面运动输入时上部结构反应和隔震系统的性能,试验中分别对模型输入了不同方向的地震动,其中包括水平单向、水平双向、水平和竖向及三向地震动输入,对试验结果进行了分析比较,结果表明竖向地震动输入对上部结构的水平地震反应有显著影响,同时在橡胶隔震支座中产生了竖向拉力。  相似文献   

9.
为解决摩擦摆隔震支座抗拔能力不足的问题并优化其隔震性能,将传统的摩擦摆支座(FPB)和半主动控制思想相结合,提出一种自适应磁悬浮抗拔摩擦摆隔震支座(AMFPB)。基于磁路理论进行理论分析,推导出U型电磁铁的电磁力公式,以及AMFPB刚度、周期和等效阻尼比计算公式;对U型电磁铁进行位移-电磁力试验分析,建立AMFPB有限元模型,并对不同位移幅值、不同电磁铁匝数和输入电流下支座的滞回特性和抗拔性能进行分析。研究结果表明:U型电磁铁的位移-电磁力试验结果与理论结果吻合度较好,计算得到的AMFPB滞回曲线与数值模拟结果基本相同。AMFPB随滑动位移的增加可调节自身的刚度及耗能,有利于支座位移的控制。  相似文献   

10.
采用有限元模拟的方式,对板式橡胶支座摩擦滑移特性进行分析,并与常温试验中获得的支座摩擦滑移滞回曲线、等效黏滞阻尼比等进行了对比。在获得可靠模型的基础上,分析环境温度对板式橡胶支座摩擦滑移特性的影响,研究了温度与支座摩擦滑移耗能、等效黏滞阻尼比和滑动起始距离的关系。结果表明:(1)板式橡胶支座的有限元模型可以较好地实现支座在水平荷载作用下的摩擦滑移特性;(2)在±25℃温度范围内,温度越低,板式橡胶支座在摩擦滑移过程中耗能越多,最大相差37.5%。在寒冷地区,支座将更早的进入滑移状态,对采用板式橡胶支座的桥梁更应注意控制桥梁上部结构的支承长度;(3)板式橡胶支座的黏滞阻尼比随着形状系数的减小而增大,而支座的起始滑移距离则随之减小。  相似文献   

11.
Based on the seismic response characteristics of space frame structures,a new type of seismic isolation bearing defined as a three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing(3DSIB) is developed in this paper.The bearing offers excellent properties such as multi-dimensional seismic isolation,reasonable rotation capability,good ability to resist lifting load,uncoupled stiffness in horizontal and vertical directions,etc.In the 3DSIB,the horizontal dimension is designed by combining the Teflon sliding device and helical spring,while the vertical dimension is developed by introducing disk springs or helical springs.The mathematical model of the 3DSIB was established and its performance with the critical parameters was tested on a shaking table.Furthermore,the 3DSIB was applied in a 120 m span hangar structure and simulated using SAP2000 software to evaluate its performance in practical structures.The performance of the structures with and without 3DSIB was compared.It is shown that the hangar structure with 3D bearings achieves a better performance.The axial force and acceleration response of the structures with 3DSIB are effectively reduced,while the displacement response of the bearing is within the predetermined range.  相似文献   

12.
Elastomeric isolation bearings consist of multiple rubber layers with their top and bottom surfaces bonded to steel plates to restrict compressive deformation. Deformation constraints result in a variation of elastic modulus over the cross section of the rubber layers. In this paper, we describe a normalized compression modulus distribution on a circular rubber pad. The compressive and bending moduli of the rubber pad can be reproduced by applying the distribution to a series of axial springs. We also present a mechanical model for predicting the behavior of elastomeric seismic isolation bearings subject to large shear deformation and high compressive load. The mechanical model consists of a series of multiple shear springs at midheight and a series of axial springs at the top and bottom interfaces of the bearing. Simulation analyses of bearing tests were conducted to validate the proposed model. The analyses demonstrated that a model for circular lead-rubber bearings can successfully capture the influence of the axial load magnitude on the bearing shear behavior. The new model can simulate much more realistic behavior than prior models based on a uniform modulus assumption.  相似文献   

13.
改进的基础隔震结构地震作用简化计算方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
在《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2001)关于隔震结构的简化计算方法中,水平向减震系数的表达式和定义有些不符,假定的隔震结构地震作用分布规律也与实际情况略有出入。本文基于水平向减震系数的定义和实际隔震结构的地震作用分布规律提出了一种改进的隔震结构水平向减震系数、隔震结构总地震作用、隔震结构上部地震作用分布的计算方法,并提出了总水平地震作用减震系数的新概念。本文提出的改进方法具有表达准确、物理意义明确的特点。将本文提出的改进算法计算结果与时程分析计算结果比较,结果显示,改进方法的计算结果与时程分析结果接近,且分布规律一致。  相似文献   

14.
庄鹏  王尉  韩淼 《世界地震工程》2022,38(1):099-109
利用复摩擦支座(Double friction pendulum bearing,DFPB)和形状记忆合金(Shape Memory alloy,SMA)拉索,提出了一种超弹性-复摩擦支座(Superelastic-double friction pendulum bearing,SDFPB)。该新型滑动隔震支座在水平方向可适应多水准地震激励,且在竖向拥有抵抗拉拔的功能。阐述了SDFPB的构造特点和工作原理。通过性能试验考察了这一隔震装置的力学特性。建立了SDFPB的恢复力模型,利用其模拟了试验条件下的滞回响应。研究结果表明:SDFPB的耗能能力优良,且具有较好的多级抗震自适应能力;模拟值与试验值吻合较好,验证了上述力学模型的正确性。  相似文献   

15.
曲线桥梁抗震特性模拟分析对于曲线桥梁隔震、减震有着重要意义。基于隔震曲线桥梁设计过程中的特点,通过非线性水平弹簧单元对铅芯橡胶支座双向非线性的能力进行模拟,根据SAP2000科学选择强震观测地震波,并考量曲线桥梁本身存在的特性对桥梁振动特性产生的影响,针对隔震曲线桥梁在不同等级地震下振动特征进行模拟分析,其中,通过隔震曲线桥梁铅芯橡胶支座模型的构建和梁桥不同等级地震计算模型、输入地震波与传感器量测等步骤得到的模拟结果为:不同地震波与加速度峰值输入过程中,地震动较小下的支座水平刚度比较大,且结构相对稳定;地震幅值增大时,桥梁支座水平刚度减小,且支座的恢复力位移滞回变化曲线面积比较大,能够更多地将地震输入能量消散掉,减小能量不断向曲线桥梁上方传递的速度,可有效减轻地震反应,起到隔震的效果。  相似文献   

16.
This paper presents an experimental and numerical study to investigate the hysteretic performance of a new type of isolator consisting of shape memory alloy springs and friction bearing called an SMA spring-friction bearing (SFB). The SFB is a sliding-type isolator with SMA devices used for the seismic protection of engineering structures. The principle of operation of the isolation bearing is introduced. In order to explore the possibility of applying SMA elements in passive seismic control devices, large diameter superelastic tension/compression NiTi SMA helical springs used in the SFB isolator were developed. Mechanical experiments of the SMA helical spring were carried out to understand its superelastic characteristics. After that, a series of quasi-static tests on a single SFB isolator prototype were conducted to measure its force-displacement relationships for different loading conditions and study the corresponding variation law of its mechanical performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the SFB exhibits full hysteretic curves, excellent energy dissipation capacity, and moderate recentering ability. Finally, a theoretical model capable of emulating the hysteretic behavior of the SMA-based isolator was then established and implemented in MATLAB software. The comparison of the numerical results with the experimental results shows the efficacy of the proposed model for simulating the response of the SFB.  相似文献   

17.
This paper presents a mechanical model for predicting the behavior of elastomeric seismic isolation bearings subject to combined end rotations and shear deformation. The mechanical model consists of a series of axial springs at the top, mid‐height and bottom of the bearing to vertically reproduce asymmetric bending moment distribution in the bearings. The model can take into account end rotations of the bearing, and the overall rotational stiffness includes the effect of the variation of vertical load on the bearing and the imposed shear deformation. Static bending tests under various combinations of vertical load and shear deformation were performed to identify the mechanical characteristics of bearings. The test results indicate that bearing rotational stiffness increases with increasing vertical load but decreases with increasing shear deformation. Simulation analyses were conducted to validate the new mechanical model. The results of analyses using the new model show very good agreement with experimental observations. A series of seismic response analyses were performed to demonstrate the dynamic behavior of top‐of‐column isolated structures, a configuration where the end rotations of isolation bearings are typically expected to be larger. The results suggest that the end rotations of elastomeric bearings used in practical top‐of‐column isolated structures do not reduce the stability limit of isolation system. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

18.
The scrap tire rubber pad(STRP) made by natural or synthetic rubber and high strength reinforcing cords exhibits substantial vertical stiffness and horizontal flexibility, and these properties can be regarded as suitable for seismic isolators for structures. The use of environmentally burdensome scrap tires as STRP isolators might be convenient as an efficient and low-cost solution for the implementation of aseismic design philosophy for low-to-medium rise buildings, especially in developing countries. Finite element analyses of unbonded square and strip-shaped STRP isolators subjected to a combination of axial and lateral loads are conducted to investigate its lateral deformation performance under seismic loading. The rubber of the isolator is modelled with Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic and Prony viscoelastic materials, including the Mullins material damage effect. The influence of the length-to-width ratio and bearing height on the isolator performance is assessed in terms of the force-displacement relationship, horizontal stiffness, damping, and isolation periods. It is shown that the dependence of stiffness on the length-to-width ratio is significant in the longitudinal direction and minor in the transverse direction. The STRP isolators following the proposed design criteria are shown to satisfy the performance requirement at different levels of seismic demand specified by the ASCE/SEI 7-2010 seismic provisions.  相似文献   

19.
对于近断层处高烈度区高层剪力墙结构,传统设计难以解决墙体太厚、配筋太大等难题。为研究在考虑近断层影响下高烈度区剪力墙住宅采用隔震设计的技术可行性,采用隔震设计对某剪力墙结构工程进行全面分析。对比分析常规剪力墙结构方案及增设橡胶隔震支座的隔震方案,分析结果表明,隔震方案较常规方案前3阶结构自振周期延长约3倍,从而有效减小了上部结构的地震作用;在设防烈度地震作用下,结构水平向减震系数为0.281,上部结构所受水平地震作用和抗震措施可按降低一度进行设计;罕遇地震作用下隔震支座性能稳定,上部结构基本处于弹性工作状态。研究结论可为隔震支座设计和进一步研究提供参考。  相似文献   

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