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选取距离于田Ms7.3震中最近的于田地震台记录,利用所记录的震源区附近112次ML3.0以上事件的数字波形资料,采用Brune圆盘模型计算了此次地震序列的应力降值,得到该序列的应力降时序变化曲线。经初步分析后认为,于田Ms7.3地震序列的应力降时序变化特征基本符合前主余型地震序列特征。根据目前余震应力降值的发展趋势,估计该序列今后余震的强度会逐渐走低,再次发生中强以上余震的可能性不大。 相似文献
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《国际地震动态》2017,(12)
基于云南数字地震台网记录的2008年、2011年和2014年盈江地震序列资料,采用双差定位方法对盈江地区3组6次中强地震序列进行重定位,分析其空间分布特征,结果显示序列分布的优势方向主要为北东向和近南北向。采用Brune模型理论,计算盈江地震各序列震源参数。分析了各地震序列应力降与震级的关系,研究表明应力降随震级增大有着某种增大的趋势,4.0级以下地震应力降与震级关系不显著,4.0级以上地震的应力降与震级有一定的线性趋势相关性,随震级增大而增大是显著的。分析了各地震序列应力降的统计特征,结果表明2008年8月、2011年3月和2014年5月地震的前震序列累积应力降值约为20 MPa左右,大致相当的前震序列应力降值是盈江3个地震序列的主要特征。 相似文献
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景谷6.6级、鲁甸6.5级地震序列应力降变化对比研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
利用云南2014年10月7日景谷6.6级、8月3日鲁甸6.5级地震序列的波形与震相资料,消除区域地震波衰减与台站场地响应后,计算得到2次地震序列的应力降。结果显示,在研究所涉及的震级范围内,应力降呈现随震级增大而增大的趋势。为尽可能消除震级对应力降的影响,对比了相同震级档地震的应力降,结果显示,景谷地震序列的平均应力降明显高于鲁甸地震,这可能与2次6.5级左右地震后震源区的应力状态有关。从序列余震应力降的时、空变化对比来看,景谷6.6级地震后至2014年12月6日5.8、5.9级强余震发生前,应力降变化呈现先缓慢下降、进而转折升高并持续高值的变化过程;同时,高应力降地震在空间上主要集中于5.8级强余震区域。这表明,主震发生后经过一个较短期的调整之后,5.8级强余震震源区的应力环境可能持续增强。5.8、5.9级强余震发生后,地震序列应力降快速下降至相对稳定状态。研究表明,2次6级左右强余震发生后,震源附近区域应力得到一定程度的释放,应力环境降低,地震序列活动也趋于结束。对于后续没有强余震发生的鲁甸地震序列,余震应力降小于景谷地震序列相同震级档地震的平均应力降,同时,主震后余震序列的应力降在时间上几乎未发生太大的变化;结合主震能量释放特点推测,震源区的应力在主震破裂过程中已得到较多的释放,主震后震源区应力变化呈现逐渐恢复的过程,这可能是鲁甸地震余震活动明显较弱,后续亦未有较强余震发生的原因之一。 相似文献
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丹江口水库及邻区地震震源参数研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在讨论震源参数和M震级关系以及论述利用地方震尾波估算地震矩方法的基础上,尝试性地系统估算了丹江口水库及邻区内43次ML≥2.5级地震的震源参数,并讨论了丹江口水库地震的特征。丹江口水库及邻区地震震源参数的初步分析表明:丹江口及邻区属低应力降地区。水库蓄水的附加引张应力效应可能使得丹江口水库中局部以引张应变为主的地区应变迅速增加,地震应力降高于该区一般地震原有水平、从而诱发地震。此外,丹江口水库地震的破裂长度可能和震源机制的破裂类型有关。 相似文献
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本文利用呼和浩特数字地震遥测台网7个子台记录的119个质量较高的地震事件资料,基于遗传算法,采用Atkinson方法、Moya方法,反演得到了地震的震源谱参数、震源参数。在此基础上,从视应力的定义出发,根据反演得到的震源谱参数以及地震能量与震级的相互关系,计算得到了119个地震的视应力。并对它们之间的相互关系进行了讨论,结果显示,应力降、视应力与震级具有较好的线性关系,震源半径、应力降与视应力具有一定的相关关系。内蒙古中西部地区的高应力降和视应力区域主要集中在研究区的西南部。 相似文献
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宁夏及邻区地震震源衰减模型及震源参数研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取2003年1月至2011年12月宁夏及邻区发生的201个ML2.0以上地震事件进行反演,用经验格林函数计算得到本区地震震源谱衰减模型。在已知非弹性衰减系数和场地响应的条件下,计算得到震源谱并研究了近震震级与拐角频率、地震矩、震源破裂半径及应力降之间的关系。详细分析了震源参数误差大小及各种误差影响因素。对剩余应力降时空演化特征分析研究结果表明:高剩余应力降集中分布在宁夏北部宁蒙交界地区、低剩余应力降分布在宁夏中部同心、中卫一带,银川盆地中南部的吴灵地区和宁夏南部海原断裂带中东段剩余应力降变化较为明显,在时间分布上这两个区域剩余应力降在中强地震前均有降低—增强的趋势。 相似文献
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基于云南数字地震台网记录的2008年盈江地震序列的数字波形资料,采用波谱分析方法和Brune震源模型,得到盈江地震序列的震源参数。利用两次地震事件的相同台站的震源谱参数(零频振幅)计算谱振幅相关系数,据此对地震的震源机制进行聚类分组,并收集和对比地震序列已知的震源机制解结果,发现每组内震源机制解P轴的相关性较好,且相关系数越大,P轴的方位角就越接近。将盈江地区划分为三个研究区,联合震源参数的应力降和聚类分组中每组的平均震源机制解结果研究地震序列发生过程中应力的释放水平和应力场方向变化特征。结果表明:不同阶段震源机制解类型的变化和转化特征一定程度上反映了孕震过程中区域应力场随时间的变化特征,并且地震震源机制解类型在时间段上的集中并向区域构造应力场方向转换的现象可能是发生强震的标志。震源机制解分组类型和对应类型的地震的应力降有一定依赖关系,震源机制解类型反映的应力场与区域应力场接近的地震应力降高,震源机制解类型反映的应力场与区域应力场差距较大的地震应力降普遍较低。 相似文献
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In this paper, the changes in sediment transport over 51 years from 1955 to 2006 in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China are assessed. Key factors affecting sediment yield and sediment transport, such as precipitation depth, discharge, and human activities are studied. To investigate the changes in sediment yield in this watershed, a trend analysis on sediment concentration, precipitation depth, and discharge is conducted. Precipitation depths at 2 Climate Stations (CSs), as well as discharge and sediment transport at 3 Gauging Stations (GSs) are used to assess the features of sediment transport in the Kuye River. The rtmoff modulus (defined as the annual average discharge per unit area, L/(s·km^2)) and the sediment transport modulus (defined as the annual suspended sediment transport per unit area, t/(yr km^2)) are introduced in this study to assess the changes in runoff and sediment yield for this watershed. The results show that the highest average monthly discharge during the study period in the Kuye River is 66.23 m^3/s in August with an average monthly sediment concentration of 88.9 kg/m^3. However, the highest average monthly sediment concentration during the study period in the Kuye River is 125.34 kg/m^3 and occurs in July, which has an average discharge of 42.6 m^3/s that is much less than the average monthly discharge in August. It is found that both the runoff modulus and sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS on the Kuye River has a clear downward trend. During the summer season from July to August, the sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS is much higher than those at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs on the Yellow River. The easily erodible loess in the Kuye River watershed and the sparse vegetation are responsible for the extremely high sediment yield from the Kuye River watershed. The analyses of the grain size distribution of suspended load in the Kuye River are presented. The average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Kuye River is largest in February and then decreases until June. In July, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load approaches another peak and decreases until September. Then, the median grain size of suspended load starts to increase until February of the following year. However, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Yellow River at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs is the smallest between early summer and late fall The median grain size in the Yellow River starts to increase in November and approaches the largest size in January. 相似文献
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Observations of trace gases (SO2, NH3, NO2 and O3) were made during the period 1981 to 1984 at 6 different locations representative of urban industrial, urban, nonurban, thermal power plant and marine environment. Diurnal variations of the trace gases were studied in an urban environment. Except in the urban industrial environment, the concentration of NH3 was found in the range of background values. Also, the average concentrations of NO2 and O3 at the different environments were in the order of background values. However, the concentrations of SO2 were substantially higher by about 7 times, in urban industrial and thermal power plant environments. The diurnal variations of SO2, NH3 and NO2 showed anitphase relationship with surface temperature at the urban environment station which is relatively free of industrial pollution. Discussion is centred on trace gas variations in different environments in India together with the values reported for various countries in the world. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThis study analyses trends in low flows in Spain in the period 1949–2009, based on daily flow data collected at 60 gauging stations located in near-natural catchments. Two low-flow indicators were considered: (i) the seven-day annual minimum streamflow and (ii) the 10th percentile of the yearly flow duration curve. Catchments were clustered into three regions in terms of monthly mean flows. The Mann-Kendall test was used considering four periods between 1949 and 2009. A multi-temporal trend analysis was also applied to the longest series to identify wet and dry periods that could influence the results. Lastly, a field significance test provided a regional assessment of the at-site detected trends at each region. The results for each indicator reveal a clearly decreasing trend in low flows throughout the northern half of Spain that was found to be field-significant over the (Atlantic and Mediterranean) regions.
Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Associate editor not assigned 相似文献
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3He/4He ratios up to 3.5 times the ratio of atmospheric He were found in groundwater samples. The3He enrichment can be attributed to radiogenic3He produced by in-situ beta-decay of3H. This shows that tritiogenic3He is accumulating in confined waters. From tritiogenic3He and3H concentrations, ages of groundwaters can be calculated. Detection of tritiogenic3He gives a tool to trace a tritium contamination which occurred in the past and cannot be assessed only by the3H counting method. 相似文献
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Ingvar B. Fridleifsson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):242-252
In an active spreading area like Iceland, where the regional geothermal gradient is in the range 50–150°C/km, it is normally not a problem to find high enough temperature with deep drilling, but the difficulties arise with finding permeable layers at depth within the strata. Various volcanological methods can be applied in the search for aquifers and geothermal reservoir rocks. The flow pattern (as deduced from deuterium studies) indicates that the thermal water flows preferentially along high porosity stratiform horizons and dyke swarms from the recharge areas in the highlands to the hot spring areas in the lowlands. The primary porosity of the volcanic strata is dependent on the chemical composition and the mode of eruption of the volcanic units. Both the reservoir rocks and the flow channels forming the geothermal plumbing system are thought to vary from the Tertiary to the Quaternary provinces due to environmental conditions at the eruptive sites. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to estimate likely changes in flood indices under a future climate and to assess the uncertainty in these estimates for selected catchments in Poland. Precipitation and temperature time series from climate simulations from the EURO-CORDEX initiative for the periods 1971–2000, 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 following the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios have been used to produce hydrological simulations based on the HBV hydrological model. As the climate model outputs for Poland are highly biased, post processing in the form of bias correction was first performed so that the climate time series could be applied in hydrological simulations at a catchment-scale. The results indicate that bias correction significantly improves flow simulations and estimated flood indices based on comparisons with simulations from observed climate data for the control period. The estimated changes in the mean annual flood and in flood quantiles under a future climate indicate a large spread in the estimates both within and between the catchments. An ANOVA analysis was used to assess the relative contributions of the 2 emission scenarios, the 7 climate models and the 4 bias correction methods to the total spread in the projected changes in extreme river flow indices for each catchment. The analysis indicates that the differences between climate models generally make the largest contribution to the spread in the ensemble of the three factors considered. The results for bias corrected data show small differences between the four bias correction methods considered, and, in contrast with the results for uncorrected simulations, project increases in flood indices for most catchments under a future climate. 相似文献