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基于川滇地区活动块体划分及断裂构造现有认知,文中构建了包含块体主要边界断裂的二维有限元接触模型,利用1991—2015年长期GPS观测结果,采用"块体加载"方法模拟块体边界带现今的运动,得到了断裂滑动速率和应力分布.结合震源机制解、地震活动性等资料,对川滇地区大型左旋走滑断裂带滑动速率分配、传递与应力转换的关联,局部区域正断型震源机制解的构造机制以及红河断裂南、北段地震活动性差异的可能成因进行了初步探讨.主要结论包括:1)东昆仑断裂带和鲜水河-小江断裂带的左旋走滑由NW向转变为近SN向,断裂强烈转折区吸收了部分走滑分量并转化为应变积累,呈高应力分布特征.2)受小江断裂左旋剪切的影响,红河断裂中南段以右旋走滑兼微弱挤压运动为主,并牵引断裂北段右旋走滑,与金沙江和德钦-中甸断裂共同构成右阶斜列右旋剪切变形带,正断型震源机制解多分布于该变形带的构造拉分区内.3)红河断裂中南段为弱压性,北段呈弱张性,更易破裂,地震活动明显强于中南段. 相似文献
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本文综合GPS流动和连续观测结果，并利用最速下降法（SDM）反演方法，给出并分析了2014年鲁甸6.5级地震同震位移、断层面滑动位移分布特征.GPS同震位移结果表明：此次地震沿北西方向表现出左旋应变释放特征、沿北东向表现出拉张应变释放的同震特征，并且随着离开断裂带距离的增加，拉张变形衰减；受包谷垴—小河断裂控制的左旋剪切应变释放的位移在莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂附近较弱，说明该断裂可能没有完全切割昭通—鲁甸断裂，不属于该区域主干断裂；昭通—鲁甸断裂带有一定的右旋应变释放，而逆冲应变释放不明显，表明该断裂带处于受南东向挤压的强闭锁状态.SDM反演结果表明，鲁甸地震以左旋走滑为主并兼有拉张性质，地震矩震级为MW6.3左右.综上所述，并结合其他研究成果，我们认为莲峰、昭通—鲁甸断裂带仍存在强震危险性. 相似文献
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横亘新疆境内的天山及其周边的西昆仑、阿尔金和阿尔泰是中国大陆著名的强构造运动区和地震活动带。在对新疆构造区应力环境、动力过程、断层运动变形特征和地震序列分析讨论的基础上,对新疆及其周缘主要构造区地震破裂方式和序列类型进行研究,得出如下结论:(1)西昆仑构造区受来自青藏块体和塔里木块体NS和NW向水平压应力和垂向力的作用,构造运动呈现出走滑与逆冲特征,震源破裂以走滑型为主,数量较少的逆断型地震主要分布在西昆仑帕米尔一侧的深震挤压区,正断型地震主要出现在西昆仑与阿尔金交汇的拉张盆地及附近。该区主余型地震占63%,6级以上地震序列也存在多震类型。(2)阿尔金断裂带位于西昆仑北缘断裂和北祁连断裂过渡带,受青藏块体向北和向西的推挤,断裂本身的左旋位移量通过两端逆冲挤压而转化,使得青藏高原北边界不断向外扩展。在此力源下,阿尔金断裂带震源破裂以走滑为主,也有少量的逆冲型地震。地震序列中主余型和孤立型地震占比相同(占44%)。(3)在印度板块和亚欧大陆碰撞效应影响下,天山地区产生近NNE向水平压应力,构造运动显现出带旋性特征的逆冲和走滑,震源破裂方式与之相吻合。而天山构造大跨度的空间展布、扩展形式的多样性和地震破裂的两重性,又影响到地震序列类型的多样性,使得主余型、孤立型和多震型地震在不同构造部位呈现优势分布。(4)阿尔泰的构造运动可能受到了来自印度板块与亚欧板块碰撞的远程效应和西伯利亚块体南向运动的双向影响,形成NNE和SW向水平挤压力,主要大型发震断裂做右旋剪扭错动,而一些深断裂则以逆冲运动为主。震源破裂呈现出走滑(占64%)和部分的逆冲(占27%),6级以上地震序列主要为主余型,5级左右地震则多为孤立型。 相似文献
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GPS约束下九寨沟地区断裂带现今运动速率的非连续接触模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以中国地壳运动观测网络2009—2013年GPS观测数据为边界条件,使用非连续接触有限元技术构建九寨沟地区二维有限元模型,在不确定性分析的基础之上,计算区内主要断裂带现今运动速率。研究结果表明:在巴颜喀拉块体整体近于NE向的推挤过程中,九寨沟地区的塔藏断裂、虎牙断裂、树正断裂均呈现为较高的左旋走滑兼具挤压的现今运动特征;岷江断裂、龙日坝断裂和龙门山断裂则呈现为右旋走滑兼有挤压的运动特性。结合区域主应变率计算结果,发现九寨沟地区仍然具有较高的应变积累背景。树正断裂作为2017年8月8日九寨沟M7.0地震的发震断层,其现今左旋滑动速率为3.0 mm/a,与东昆仑断裂带玛沁—玛曲段附近的左旋走滑速率4.1mm/a基本匹配,说明该断裂可能是东昆仑断裂带东端分支断裂之一,而东昆仑断裂与虎牙断裂之间的历史地震空区可能已被九寨沟地震事件贯通。 相似文献
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联合利用甘肃及周边测震台网记录的古浪及周边地区4 592次地震的P波绝对到时和相对到时资料，采用双差地震定位方法对古浪震源区小震进行重新定位后发现，皇城-双塔断裂带东、西两段表现出不同的力学运动性质，西段以逆冲运动为主，地震主要发生在断裂的下盘；而东段地震却主要发生在上盘，断层活动以局部拉张为主。还首次发现在皇城-双塔断裂带的中段与主破裂呈垂直方向存在一条主震发生时新产生的共轭断层，基于小震的断层面参数反演显示该断裂是一高倾角运动性质以右旋为主兼具正断的断裂。 相似文献
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最新GPS观测资料研究表明喜马拉雅东构造结周边主要断裂带在不同构造部位其运动特征不同.雅鲁藏布江断裂总体表现为右旋挤压运动,东构造结以西走滑速率为2~4 mm/a、挤压速率为1~4 mm/a,东构造结附近走滑速率为6~7 mm/a、挤压速率为1~4 mm/a;嘉黎断裂带从东构造结以西的右旋走滑运动,到东构造结附近的弱右旋走滑运动,转变为东构造结东南部的左旋走滑运动,走滑速率分别为4~6 mm/a、1~2 mm/a和3~5 mm/a.怒江断裂带在构造结以西主要为挤压运动,运动速率1~2 mm/a;在东构造结及其东南部则表现为右旋挤压运动,走滑速率为2~3 mm/a、挤压速率1~2.5 mm/a.以上结果表明,尽管东构造结形成于中生代,但现今对周边主要断裂带的运动仍有一定的影响;嘉黎断裂带东南段可能不是青藏高原右旋剪切带的南部边界. 相似文献
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在野外考察和测量以及断层活动年代品的采集和测定的基础上，通过室内的综合分析研究,查明了黄山－米山断裂的空间分布，鉴定了断裂的活动时代和运动性质，评价了断裂对米山水库稳定性的影响。研究结果表明，黄山－米山断裂呈南北向展布，分北、中、南三段；以挤压逆冲运动为主，兼有左旋走滑运动。黄山－米山断裂带物质固化较结程度较高，地形地貌上无断层显示，没有断错Q2以来的地层（本区缺失Q1地层），对历史地震和现代地震不具控制作用，系非第四纪活动断裂；对米山水库库区和坝区的稳定性影响较小。 相似文献
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汶川MS8.0级地震的发震构造为龙门山断裂带，地震地表破裂主要分布在其中的北川－映秀断裂和江油－灌县断裂上，尤其是沿前者发育了长达240 km左右的地表破裂带.通过对龙门山断裂带震后断层擦痕的测量，得到311条断层擦痕数据，利用由断层滑动资料反演构造应力张量的计算方法，得到研究区8个测点的构造应力张量数据，并获得了研究区构造应力场特征：区域现代构造应力场以近水平挤压为主，最大主应力方向（σ1）为76°～121°，平均倾角9°，应力结构以逆断型为主.受构造应力场及断层几何特征的影响，地表破裂呈现出分段性：映秀—北川段主要以NW盘逆冲为主，垂直位移明显；北川以北段为逆冲兼走滑，水平位移量与垂直位移量基本相当，或水平位移略大. 相似文献
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本文根据昌马地震破裂带的特征所反映的震区地质块体在空间的运动方式,对前人关于昌马地震的主压应力方向及相应的构造应力场提出了异议。通过讨论,阐述了昌马地震是现今作用于震区的北东东向挤压的区域应力场活动的结果,昌马地震破裂带是北北西向断裂和北西西向断裂在北东东向挤压应力场作用下,分别作兼有右旋的逆冲和近水平左旋扭动的产物。 相似文献
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2017年11月18日在西藏米林发生了MS6.9地震，目前尚未发现地表破裂带，发震构造尚不明确.震源机制解表明该次地震为逆冲型地震.精定位结果显示余震集中在加拉白垒东北坡上一个NW走向的长约36 km、宽约8 km的狭长条带之内.余震条带的走向及长度严格受到派乡构造岩片NE边界走向及长度的控制，垂直于该条带的地震剖面清晰地揭示出一条倾向NE的低倾角逆冲断层面，结合震源机制解及GPS同震位移场的已有结果，初步推断它可能就是发震断层面.雅鲁藏布江大拐弯上游加拉-米林河段两岸的湖相基座阶地面和山脊线在南迦巴瓦、加拉白垒脚下都发生了倾向SW的翘起变形，发震断层面构成了其上盘加拉白垒、南迦巴瓦强烈隆升区与其下盘地貌发生翘起变形的弱隆升区的分界面，推断加拉白垒峰沿着这一断层面不断地逆冲、隆升，以此来调节其两侧的不均匀挤出，而下盘近断层处的褶皱、拖曳等作用逐渐造成了阶地面、山脊线的翘起、弯曲变形.基于夷平面的区域变形分析，认为雅江缝合带作为主干断裂带从整体上控制着印度板块与欧亚板块在东构造结地区的碰撞-挤压格局.印度板块东北犄角的强烈顶撞引起了东构造结附近强烈的断块运动，嘉黎断裂带北侧的地壳显著增厚，主夷平面随之发生裂解.与此同时，由于碰撞带来的强烈挤压，派乡构造岩片、多雄拉变质穹隆沿着缝合带大拐弯内侧不均匀地挤出，南迦巴瓦、加拉白垒随之隆升.此次的米林地震仅仅是该不均匀挤出过程所引发的一次具体的事件，是派乡构造岩片内部的一条次级断层发生的一次逆冲运动造成的.此外，紧邻此次余震条带的南迦巴瓦NEE边界以及SE边界是一个潜在的地震空区，其未来地震危险性值得关注. 相似文献
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北京时间2017年11月18日06时34分（GMT：2017-11-17 22∶34），西藏自治区林芝市米林县发生了M6.9地震.本次地震位于东喜马拉雅东构造结末端旋转变形强烈部位.本研究基于林芝台阵记录的波形数据，应用双差定位方法和匹配滤波方法对本次地震早期余震序列进行了全面检测分析.截至2017年11月25日上午08时，我们共获得约10倍的中国地震台网公布的余震事件.余震的时空分布特征显示，本次米林M6.9地震余震呈NW向，位于北东向南迦巴瓦构造结北部的东西两侧边界断裂带之间，沿西兴拉断裂带分布，断层具有明显的分段破裂特征，主震位于余震分布带中部.根据余震分布特征以及震源机制解显示，发震断层的深部几何结构为北东向陡倾，主震北东侧的断层活动为主震及发震断层触发的结果，其深部几何结构也较陡，余震整体沿断层分布长度约50 km. 相似文献
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CHANGES IN FAULT MOVEMENT PROPERTY AND GENETIC MECHANISM ON THE WESTERN SEGMENT OF THE XIANGSHAN-TIANJINGSHAN FAULT ZONE 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zone is an important part of the arc tectonic zone in northeastern Tibet, whose eastern segment is characterized by primarily left-lateral slip along with thrust component. In contrast, the fault movement property on the western segment of the Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zone is more complicated. According to the offset geomorphic features and cross sections revealed by the trenches and outcrops, the western segment is mainly a left-lateral strike-slip fault with normal component, and only accompanied with reverse component at specific positions. To determine the genetic mechanism of fault movement property on the western segment, we obtained three main factors based on the integrated analysis of fault geometry:(1)Step-overs:the left-stepping parallel faults in a sinistral shear zone create extensional step-overs and control the nearby and internal fault movement property; (2)terminal structures:they are conductive to stop rupture propagation and produce compressive deformation at the end of the fault trace; and(3)double bends:strike-slip faults have trace that bends such that slip between two adjacent blocks creates a compressive stress and thrust fault. Additionally, the Tianjingshan sub-block moves to SEE and creates an extensional stress at the end of the sub-block associated with normal faults. It shows that the Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zone has a complex evolution history, which is divided into two distinctive periods and characterized by laterally westward propagating. 相似文献
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Anqiu-Juxian Fault is an important fault in the Tanlu fault zone, with the highest seismic risk, the most recent activity date, and the most obvious surface traces. Due to lack of credible geological evidences, there is big controversy on the Holocene activity in the Jiangsu segment of this fault. Research on the characteristics of late Quaternary activity in the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, particularly its latest activity time, is of great significance to assessment of its earthquake ability and seismic risk. Based on field investigations on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, and combining with the results of fault activities identification on this fault in Suqian City, we discussed the characteristics of its activities in late Quaternary. Multiple geological sections we found in this study and the results of fault activities identification in Suqian City all indicate that there was an ancient seismic event occurring in middle period of Holocene in the segment from southern Maling Mountain to Suqian City; but the trench at Houchen village did not show any evidence of Holocene activity on the Chonggangshan segment of this fault. Based on method of shallow seismic exploration, we carried out a systematic exploration of this fault to get its accurate position and activity characteristics. The results show that Anqiu-Juxian Fault in Suqian City is mainly characterized by dextral strike-slip, associated with both thrusting and extensional movement in different positions. A series of low hills were formed along the fault in the north of Suqian City, and a small graben basin was formed in the south of Suqian City, both are controlled by the dextral strike-slip movement of this fault. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault in general is characterized by dextral strike-slip with thrusting movement. But some parts of it are characterized by dextral strike-slip with extensional movement. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault experienced a number of activities since the late Quaternary, with an obvious activity in Holocene. The seismic activities of Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault have the characteristic of high intensity and low frequency. Its activities decrease gradually from north to south as a whole. 相似文献
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帕米尔高原位于地中海－喜马拉雅地震带上，晚新生代以来随着印度板块向欧亚板块持续不断地挤压汇聚，其构造运动是欧亚大陆最强烈的地区。高原腹地发育一系列近SN向正断层，包括近SN向的塔什库尔干正断层所处的帕米尔中部现代区域的构造应力场以EW向水平拉张为主。2016年11月25日发生的阿克陶MS 6.7级地震的发震构造为塔什库尔干断层分支的NWW向木吉盆地北缘断层，其具有右旋走滑兼正断性质。地震在震中附近产生同震地表形变带，全长约1km，呈近SN－NNE向水平拉伸，发育近EW—NWW向的张裂缝，为地震破裂的产物，张裂缝的最大水平拉伸位移量和最大垂直位移量分别为46cm和16cm。地表破裂带中的NE和NW向张剪裂缝只是连接贯通这些雁列的张裂缝，其水平相对位移量取决于张裂缝的水平拉伸量和张裂缝之间的几何关系。地表形变带表现的拉张性质与帕米尔高原腹地区域现代应力场最大主压应力为垂直向基本一致，可能与深部热物质上涌造成的上地壳拉伸有关。而地表形变带呈近SN向水平拉张，与区域近EW向拉张应力场之间存在显著差异，这可能是木吉盆地北缘右旋走滑正断层阶区局部应力场调整的结果。 相似文献
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A detailed investigation permitted us to obtain quantitative data concerning fine geometric structures of 4 faults of the active Maxianshan-Xinglongshan fault system and the latest movement along them. Of them the northern Maxianshan border fault is a large-scale, strongly active Holocene reverse sinistral strike-slip fault, the other 3 faults, the southern Maxianshan border fault and the southern Xinglongshan border and the northern Xinglongshan border faults are the accompanying active late-Pleistocene thrust faults, which are incorporated into the main strike-slip fault, the northern Maxianshan border fault at depth. It is the most important earthquake-controlling fault in the Lanzhou area, the fault influences and constrains the seismic activity in the area. 相似文献
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We have relocated 259 inland earthquakes in northern Egypt using the double-difference hypocenter technique. Among this dataset we are able to determine source mechanisms of 200 events using P-wave polarities and amplitude ratios as well. The studied earthquakes have been recorded by the Egyptian National Seismological Network from October 1997 to December 2006 with local magnitude (ML) varies between 1.5 and 5.0. Three earthquake dislocations have been defined namely: Dahshour, southeast Beni-Suef, and Cairo-Suez district. Earthquake activities tend to occur in clusters along the first dislocation (Dahshour) however, relatively scattered along the second (southeast Beni-Suef) and the third (Cairo-Suez district) dislocations. At Dahshour dislocation three distinct clusters have been distinguished. Source mechanism solutions of Dahshour earthquakes displayed normal faulting with a strike-slip component to strike-slip faulting with a minor normal dip-slip component. Most of earthquake focal mechanism orientations are varying from NE-SW to NW-SE. The fault plane solutions of Beni-Suef earthquakes represented normal faulting with a strike-slip component. If the NNW-SSE striking plane has been chosen to be the actual fault plane, some solutions would indicated normal faulting with a sinistral strike-slip motion and other reflect normal faulting with a dextral strike-slip component. The fault plane solutions of Cairo-Suez district earthquakes are compatible with E-W to ENE-WSW striking normal fault with a dextral strike-slip motion. 相似文献
19.
The Hongyapu M7 1/4 earthquake in 1609 occurred on the Fodongmiao-Hongyazi fault, which is a Holocene active thrust in the middle segment of the northern Qilianshan overthrust fault zone, located in the north-eastern edge of the Tibet plateau. This earthquake caused death of more than 840 people, ruined the Hongyapu Village and had an affected area ca. 200km2. Previous work provided different opinions on the length of the earthquake surface rupture zone, such as 60km from the Bailanghe western riverbank to the Fenglehe eastern river bank, and only 11km from the Hongyazi village to eastern edge of the Hujiatai anticline. And the surface rupture zone appears in the western and middle segments of the Fodongmiao-Hongyazi fault zone.
Our detailed geomorphic analysis and topographic survey found that the surface rupture zone with a total length of ca 95km is present on the new geomorphic surfaces which are slightly higher than the modern allvial-dilvial fans and riverbeds, which begins from the Hongshuiba river, Jiuquan in the west extending to the Toudaodongwan, southern Gansu in the east along the Fodongmiao-Hongyazi Fault. The surface rupture zone occurred later than 0 A D, proved by the study of trenchs and chronology. Compared to the previous research on the epicenters of the historical major earthquakes in and around the study region, this surface rupture zone is considereded to be the surface rupture zone of the Hongyapu earthquake of 1609 in Gansu provice.
Average vertical co-seismic displacement of the 1609 Hongyapu earthquake is 1.1m with maximum 1.8m, dominated by thrusting. The NNW striking Xiaoqun segment shows thrust with a component of dextral strike slip and the NEE-trending East Hongshancun segment is also mainly thrust but with sinistral strike slipp. The lateral movement could be caused by the local change of the fault strike direction.
Based on the length of surface ruptures, the maximum coseismic displacement and fault dipping, this event is estimated to be of ca. MW7.0~MW7.4, close to the M7 1/4 suggested by previous studies. 相似文献