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1.
富营养化对贵州红枫湖水库汞形态和分布特征的影响 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
通过对贵州省红枫湖水库中各种汞形态的空间分布及季节变化的研究,探讨了富营养化对各种汞形态分布特征的影响.红枫湖湖水总汞浓度在2.5-13.9ng/L之间,平均值为6.9ng/L.红枫湖水库中汞浓度的空间分布和季节变化均严重受到人为汞污染源的干扰.水体中汞在颗粒态和溶解态之间的分配,主要受内源有机质以及氧化还原条件的影响.由于水华现象,春季后五采样点大量繁殖的藻类吸附了大量的汞,从而改变了汞在水库中的分配和迁移.藻类的生长对水体中溶解气态汞浓度分布也有显著的影响.在夏季,总甲基汞和溶解态甲基汞在水体中的垂直分布表明:在富营养化较严重的后五采样点,水体中升高的甲基汞主要是由于水体中汞的甲基化过程;而在富营养化特征不明显的大坝,水体中升高的甲基汞主要来自沉积物甲基汞的释放.红枫湖水体中各种汞形态的分布特征表明,富营养化对汞的迁移转化影响显著,尤其是汞的甲基化过程.水体富营养化为汞的甲基化提供了有利条件,给水生生态环境及人体健康带来了潜在的威胁. 相似文献
2.
季节性缺氧水库甲基汞的产生及其对下游水体的影响 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
本文采用蒸馏-乙基化结合GC-CVAFS法对贵州红枫湖水库及其各入库和出库河流中的甲基汞时空分布和控制因素进行了研究.在春、秋、冬季节总甲基汞浓度和分布无明显时空变化,在0．053-0．333 ng／L之间.春季河流是水库甲基汞一个重要的输入源．夏季水库下层甲基汞显著升高,缺氧层最高值达0．923 ng／L.同时发现．缺氧层升高的甲基汞主要来自于水体自己产生或上层水体甲基汞的沉降,而不是来自于沉积物的释放．各季节湖水和河流样品的总甲基汞和溶解氧存在显著的负相关关系,Personal相关系数r为-0．81(n=78).在春、秋、冬季节溶解态甲基汞比例略低于颗粒态甲基汞,但在夏季,特别是缺氧层,甲基汞主要以溶解态存在．夏季河流入水经水库蓄水后,到再流出时已经富含甲基汞,出库河流中总甲基汞浓度已达到各入湖河流总甲基汞平均值的5.5倍,很明显在复季红枫湖已成为下游水体甲基汞的输入源,必将会对下游生态系统产生一定影响． 相似文献
3.
为了解贵州高原水库浮游植物中汞和甲基汞的分布特征及浮游植物对汞及甲基汞的富集特点,于2012年12月对贵州省的5座高原水库中浮游植物和汞形态进行采样调查.研究结果表明:冬季贵州高原水库浮游植物群落主要是由硅藻组成,5座水库浮游植物丰度有明显差异.百花湖大坝处浮游植物丰度最高,为29.05×104cells/L;三板溪水库浮游植物丰度最低,仅为0.49×104cells/L.浮游植物中总汞和甲基汞的浓度分别在29.29~277.07 ng/g和1.12~10.93 ng/g之间,总汞含量以百花湖岩脚寨最高,甲基汞含量以百花湖大坝最高.总汞和甲基汞在浮游植物中的生物富集系数分别在1.42×104~9.78×104和3.10×104~4.43×105之间.在浮游植物富集无机汞及甲基汞的系数中,百花湖中浮游植物对无机汞生物富集系数最高,而红枫湖中浮游植物对甲基汞的生物富集系数最高.浮游植物种类组成不同对汞及甲基汞的生物富集有影响.浮游植物中的总汞与水体中的总汞、甲基汞和溶解态甲基汞都存在显著的相关关系,浮游植物中的甲基汞与水体中的总汞及甲基汞不存在显著相关性.甲基汞在浮游植物中富集不是简单的吸收,存在着影响甲基汞在浮游植物中富集的其它因素.浮游植物中的甲基汞与水体富营养化环境因子(透明度、总氮、硝氮)均呈负相关关系,表明水体富营养化的程度不同对浮游植物中的甲基汞浓度有影响. 相似文献
4.
千岛湖(新安江水库)表层水中全氟化合物的残留水平及分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为查明千岛湖水体中全氟化合物(PFCs)的污染特征,于2017年丰水期和枯水期分别采集13个监测断面的表层水样品,采用固相萃取净化、富集水样,超高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法测定水中16种PFCs,研究其残留水平和分布特征监测结果表明,千岛湖表层水共检出5种中短链PFCs,包括C_4全氟烷基磺酸以及C_4、C_5、C_6和C_8 4种全氟烷基羧酸ΣPFCs浓度范围为1.70～6.21 ng/L,以全氟辛酸(PFOA)为主要污染物,其浓度范围为0.52～3.61 ng/L,全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)则未检出与国内外同类水体相比,PFOA和PFOS浓度水平均处于低污染水平枯水期千岛湖水中PFCs污染程度高于丰水期,整体上呈现点源污染特征各断面水体中ΣPFCs浓度枯水期差异较大,而丰水期基本处于同一浓度水平空间分布上主要入湖河流新安江上游断面街口和威坪的PFCs浓度明显高于其他主要入湖河流断面以及湖区断面. 相似文献
5.
为揭示岩溶湿地表层水体二氧化碳分压(pCO2)的时空分布规律及其扩散通量,以我国最大的岩溶湿地贵州威宁草海为研究对象,分别于2019年7月(丰水期)和12月(枯水期)通过网格布点法,系统采集草海表层湿地水体,测定水样理化指标和离子组成,利用PHREEQCI软件计算水体pCO2,并基于Cole提出的气体扩散模型估算水-气界面二氧化碳(CO2)的扩散通量.结果表明:草海湿地表层水体丰水期pCO2的变化范围为0.44~645.65μatm,平均值为(55.94±124.73)μatm;枯水期变化范围为35.48~707.95μatm,平均值为(310.46±173.54)μatm;丰水期水体整体pCO2低于枯水期,空间上两期水体均呈现东部区域及河流入湖口处pCO2较高,而中西部区域pCO2欠饱和的特征.水-气界面CO2的扩散通量在丰水期变化范围为-43.27~27.16 mmol/(m2·d),平均值(-34.49±12.93)mmol/(m2·d),枯水期变化范围为-33.36~28.15 mmol/(m2·d),平均值(-8.02±15.85)mmol/(m2·d),与其他岩溶湖库相比,水生植物丰富的草海在两个极端水文期CO2扩散通量相对较低,总体表现为大气CO2的汇. 相似文献
6.
为探究太湖梅梁湾水体及沉积物中微囊藻毒素（MC-LR、MC-RR、MC-YR）含量的垂向分布特征，于2018年5月采集梅梁湾6个点位表层水、上覆水、混合水、间隙水以及柱状沉积物样品，并采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析样品中微囊藻毒素的含量.分析结果表明：水体中（表层水、上覆水、混合水以及间隙水）MC-LR、MC-RR、MC-YR的浓度范围分别为11.80~1297.14、2.50~818.40、1.80~176.00 ng/L，表层水、上覆水以及混合水中MC-LR的浓度高于MC-RR和MC-YR，MC-RR和MC-YR之间差别较小，而间隙水中MCs三种异构体浓度大小顺序为：MC-LR > MC-RR > MC-YR；垂向分布上，间隙水中MCs异构体（MC-LR、MC-RR、MC-YR）浓度均远高于表层水、上覆水以及混合水，表层水MCs异构体浓度略高于上覆水，混合水MCs异构体浓度介于表层水和上覆水之间.对沉积物的研究发现，1~10 cm表层沉积物中MC-LR、MC-RR、MC-YR含量范围分别为0.60~26.95、0~0.90、0~8.10 ng/g，且1~10 cm层中MCs三种异构体平均含量大小顺序为：MC-LR > MC-YR > MC-RR，其中MC-LR、MC-RR、MC-YR的检出率分别为100%、70%、92%；垂向分布上，MC-RR含量较低且变化不大，而MC-YR和MC-LR含量均随沉积物深度的增加先升高后降低.相关性分析结果表明，表层水和混合水中MCs与总磷浓度呈显著正相关，而与总氮浓度无显著相关性；上覆水、间隙水以及沉积物中MCs与总氮、总磷浓度均呈显著正相关. 相似文献
7.
环境中的氯苯甲醚类化合物(chloroanisoles,CAs)主要来自于氯酚类化合物及其他结构相似的氯代烃.在我国洞庭湖血吸虫疫区,五氯酚作为灭螺剂施放对周围环境造成了CAs污染.运用气相色谱质谱联用方法测定洞庭湖支流(澧水、藕池河和沱江)表层水和沉积物中的CAs,并分析其分布特征与生态风险.结果显示:(1)水体是CAs的主要赋存介质.三支流表层水中CAs体现出显著差异性,污染水平由大到小为澧水藕池河沱江,三者总CAs浓度分别为18.94、8.83和4.14 ng/L;在3支流中沉积物中的总CAs无明显差异,分别为2.86、3.61和4.07 ng/g.(2)澧水表层水和沉积物中高氯取代CAs(三氯苯甲醚、四氯苯甲醚和五氯苯甲醚)为主要污染物(分别占73.75%和68.89%);藕池河表层水中低氯取代CAs(一氯苯甲醚和二氯苯甲醚)占比相对较高(48.59%),而沉积物中以高氯取代CAs为主(93.38%);沱江表层水和沉积物中占比较高的CAs为一氯苯甲醚,分别占28.26%和75.56%.(3)空间分布上,从上游到下游澧水表层水中CAs浓度呈现波动下降的趋势,而沉积物中呈上升趋势;藕池河表层水中CAs呈现波动下降的趋势,沉积物中无明显变化趋势;沱江表层水和沉积物中一氯苯甲醚呈波动上升趋势,其他CAs有波动但无明显趋势.(4)研究区水中的五氯苯甲醚浓度远低于报道的鱼类和无脊椎动物的五氯苯甲醚急性半数致死浓度,目前不会对水生生物造成太大影响,但其对人类健康和环境的潜在风险不可忽视. 相似文献
8.
滇池水-沉积物界面磷形态分布及潜在释放特征 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11
通过现场调查和室内模拟实验,对滇池35个上覆水-沉积物磷的分布特征以及沉积物中磷释放动力学特征进行研究,结果表明:滇池表层沉积物中不同形态磷含量表现为:有机磷(OP)(1482.49±1156.82 mg/kg)钙结合态磷(Ca-P)(865.54±558.40 mg/kg)金属氧化物结合态磷(Al-P)(463.77±662.18 mg/kg)残渣态磷(Res-P)(218.52±83.11 mg/kg)可还原态磷(Fe-P)(128.13±101.56 mg/kg)弱吸附态磷(NH4Cl-P)(2.26±3.05 mg/kg);滇池上覆水草海总磷浓度处于劣Ⅳ类水平,外海不同湖区总磷浓度介于Ⅳ~Ⅴ类之间;滇池水体中的磷以颗粒态磷含量最高;滇池表层沉积物中磷的释放是由快反应和慢反应两部分组成.释放过程主要发生在前8 h内;不同区域沉积物磷的最大释放速率、最大释放量、磷的释放潜力平均值均表现为:草海外海北部外海南部湖心区;滇池表层沉积物中磷的释放主要由NH4Cl-P、Fe-P、Al-P和OP进行,其中,NH4Cl-P和Fe-P所占比重较大;磷的释放与上覆水中溶解性总磷、溶解态无机磷和溶解态有机磷呈显著正相关,预示着上覆水中磷的迁移转化更多地受到水-沉积物界面浓度梯度的控制,进一步说明不能以总磷含量来评价湖泊磷素释放的状况,需与磷形态及分布特征相结合进行分析. 相似文献
9.
为了探求内蒙古呼伦湖上覆水体和沉积物间隙水之间溶质运移机制,对呼伦湖的1个沉积物柱芯的间隙水、3个湖泊水体以及湖周边7个地下水体中的氯离子(Cl~-),氢、氧稳定同位素(δD和δ~(18)O)分别进行分析测试,并利用其示踪性对沉积物中溶质运移特征进行研究.结果显示,δD、δ~(18)O和Cl~-浓度在不同水体中的分布具有相似的分布规律,整体上从底部沉积物到上部湖水浓度分布呈现逐渐递减的抛物线趋势,在间隙水中最大值位于所取沉积物柱芯的最深处,Cl~-浓度为306 mg/L,δD和δ~(18)O分别为-58‰和-5.9‰;最小值位于沉积物柱芯上层,并与上覆水体中的值相似,Cl~-浓度为159 mg/L,δD和δ~(18)O分别为-66‰和-7.3‰.为了明确沉积物柱芯中间隙水的高浓度Cl~-和偏正δD、δ~(18)O的来源,比较不同水体的δ~(18)O-δD关系点分布,表明含有偏正值的δD、δ~(18)O和高浓度Cl~-的间隙水与上覆湖水关系密切,可能是由于低水位时期湖水与间隙水相互发生扩散作用而产生的结果.一维对流扩散迁移模型证实扩散作用是控制着沉积物间隙水中溶质浓度在垂向上分布的主要机制,同时湖水水位的变化会影响沉积物间隙水与上覆水体的扩散过程,特别是在水位上升期,富集在沉积物中的溶质可能成为湖水的重要物质来源,影响上覆水体的水质.因此,对于封闭湖泊水位的控制和管理不仅在维持湖泊水量方面有着直接的作用,同时在稳定湖泊水质条件上也有着重要的意义. 相似文献
10.
11.
Bernadette Quémerais Ken R. Lum Claire Lemieux 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1996,58(1):52-68
Samples of raw water were collected in the St. Lawrence River during six sampling trips from August 1990 to April 1992. Water samples were analyzed for both dissolved and particulate phases for five trace metals. Partition coefficients (Kd) and metal fluxes were calculated in order to determine metal transport. A mass balance equation was used for the determination of the major metal sources to the St. Lawrence River and an estimation of metal loadings to the estuary was made. Average dissolved metal concentrations were found to be Cd 10 ng/L, Co 74 ng/L, Cu 64 ng/L, Fe 69 µg/L and Mn 700 ng/L. Particulate concentrations were (in µg/g) 1.68 for Cd, 31 for Co, 73 for Cu, 25 mg/g for Fe and 1.69 mg/g for Mn. Co, Fe and Mn were transported essentially in the particulate phase while Cd and Cu were predominantly found in the dissolved phase at 56% and 48% of the total metal concentration respectively. Log Kd values varied from 5.1 (for Cu) to 6.8 (for Mn). In the dissolved phase the major sources were found to be the Great Lakes and the Ottawa River whereas in the particulate phase Québec tributaries appear to be the most important. Industrial inputs are quite important in both the dissolved and the particulate phases for Cd, whereas other sources are very variable, especially for the dissolved phase. 相似文献
12.
Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater from the Western Taiwan Strait, China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Seawater samples (including surface water and bottom water) were collected from the Western Taiwan Strait (WTS) during June 24-25, 2009; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dissolved phase and particulate phase were analyzed, respectively. The results showed that the total concentrations of PAHs in the dissolved phase and particulate phase were ranged from 12.3 to 58.0 ng L(-1), and 10.3-45.5 ng L(-1), which showed a low-middle contamination level in the China Seas. The spatial variability of PAHs may be related to the complicated currents of WTS, especially the Min-Zhe coastal current. PAHs diagnostic ratios suggested that PAHs mainly originated from the inputs of pyrolytic (combustion) sources, which might be contributed to land-based atmospheric deposition. The particle-water partition coefficients of individual PAH showed that partitions were not correlated with suspended particulate matter content, dissolved organic carbon or salinity, similar to the Yangtze coastal area. 相似文献
13.
Rochelle-Newall EJ Chu VT Pringault O Amouroux D Arfi R Bettarel Y Bouvier T Bouvier C Got P Nguyen TM Mari X Navarro P Duong TN Cao TT Pham TT Ouillon S Torréton JP 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(11):2317-2329
Phytoplankton diversity, primary and bacterial production, nutrients and metallic contaminants were measured during the wet season (July) and dry season (March) in the Bach Dang Estuary, a sub-estuary of the Red River system, Northern Vietnam. Using canonical correspondence analysis we show that phytoplankton community structure is potentially influenced by both organometallic species (Hg and Sn) and inorganic metal (Hg) concentrations. During March, dissolved methylmercury and inorganic mercury were important factors for determining phytoplankton community composition at most of the stations. In contrast, during July, low salinity phytoplankton community composition was associated with particulate methylmercury concentrations, whereas phytoplankton community composition in the higher salinity stations was more related to dissolved inorganic mercury and dissolved mono and tributyltin concentrations. These results highlight the importance of taking into account factors other than light and nutrients, such as eco-toxic heavy metals, in understanding phytoplankton diversity and activity in estuarine ecosystems. 相似文献
14.
The Seine’s estuary (France) waters are the receptacle of effluents originating from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). In this estuary, mudflats are deposition zones for sediments and their associated contaminants, and play an essential role in the mercury (Hg) biogeochemical cycle mainly due to indigenous microorganisms. Microcosms were used to assess the impact of WWTP-effluents on mercury methylation by monitoring Hg species (total dissolved Hg in porewater, methylmercury and total mercury) and on microbial communities in sediments. After effluent amendment, methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations increased in relation with the total Hg and organic matter content of the WWTP-effluents. A correlation was observed between MeHg and acid-volatile-sulfides concentrations. Quantification of sulfate-reducing microorganisms involved in Hg methylation showed no increase of their abundance but their activity was probably enhanced by the organic matter supplied with the effluents. WWTP-effluent spiking modified the bacterial community fingerprint, mainly influenced by Hg contamination and the organic matter amendment. 相似文献
15.
Environmental behavior of organotin compounds in the coastal environment of Xiamen, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In 2006, organotins pollution were investigated in the coastal environment of Xiamen, China. Six species of organotin compounds including tributyltin, triphenyltin and their degradation compounds were quantified in the dissolved and particulate phases of the water, and in the sediment using GC-FPD. The concentrations of organotin compounds ranged from 2.2 to 160 ng (Sn) L(-1) dissolved in the water, 0.14-6.7 ng (Sn) L(-1) in suspended particulate matter and nd approximately 26 ng (Sn) g(-1) (dry weight) in the sediment. The highest concentration of total organotin or tributyltin in water was found in a shipyard and at a station near the inlet of the harbor, indicating fresh inputs of antifouling paints to Xiamen's coastal environment. Organotin speciation was performed on sediment cores to investigate contamination trends over the past ten years in the harbor. The results of (210)Pb dating indicated that Xiamen western harbor suffered contamination during 2000. The environmental behavior of organotins such as the enhancement of the microlayer, partitioning between water/suspended particulate matter and between water/sediment are also discussed in this paper. 相似文献
16.
Samples of raw water were collected at regular intevals at two transects in the St. Lawremce River and four of its tributaries
from March to November 1991 and from April to June 1992. Water samples were analyzed for both the dissolved and the particulate
phase for cadmium (Cd), organic carbon, iron and manganese. Mean dissolved Cd concentration was 10±5 ng/L and no spatial variability
was observed. Higher concentrations were found during high flow periods, suggesting an uptake of cadmium by phytoplankton
during summer. In addition, dissolved cadmium did not appear to be associated with either DOC, dissolved Fe or dissolved Mn.
The mean particulate Cd concentration was 1.3±1.1 μg/g, with almost all stations presenting the same concentration except
the Yamaska River, which had a concentration of 0.5±0.2 μg/g. Particulate Cd showed a negative correlation with suspended
particulate matter and a positive correlation with particulate organic carbon and particulare manganese. Fifty-nine percent
of the cadmium was found to be in the particulate phase. Partition coefficients for cadmium (Kd), organic carbon (Kc), iron
(KdFe) and manganese (KdMn) were calculated for each sample. Log Kd varied from 3.9 to 5.9, with an average of 5.0±0.4. Log
Kd decreased with increasing particulate, matter as did Log Kc and Log KdMn. No significant correlation was found between
Log Kd and Log Kc, suggesting that the distribution of cadmium between the dissolved and the particulate phase is not influenced
by the distribution of organic carbon. In contrast, positive correlations were observed between Log Kd, Log KdFe and Log KdMn.
Cadmium distribution appears to be influenced by Fe and Mn distribution. 相似文献
17.
Ramalhosa E Pereira E Vale C Válega M Monterroso P Duarte AC 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(11):1218-1222
Determinations of dissolved reactive and total dissolved mercury, particulate and sedimentary mercury, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) have been made in the estuary of river Douro, in northern Portugal. The estuary was stratified by salinity along most of its length, it had low concentrations of SPM, typically <20 mg dm(-3), and concentrations of DOC in the range <1.0-1.8 mg dm(-3). The surface waters had a maximum dissolved concentration of reactive mercury of about 10 ng dm(-3), whereas for the more saline bottom waters it was about 65 ng dm(-3). The surface waters had maximum concentrations of total suspended particulate mercury of approximately 7 microg g(-1) and the bottom waters were always <1 microg g(-1). Concentrations of mercury in sediments was low and in the range from 0.06 to 0.18 microg g(-1). The transport of mercury in surface waters was mainly associated with organic-rich particulate matter, while in bottom waters the dissolved phase transport of mercury is more important. Lower particulate organic matter, formation of chlorocomplexes in more saline waters and eventually the presence of colloids appear to explain the difference of mercury partitioning in Douro estuarine waters. 相似文献
18.
Total mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) were analyzed in near surface sediments (0-2 cm) and biota (zooplankton, macro-invertebrates, finfish) collected from Narragansett Bay (Rhode Island/Massachusetts, USA) and adjacent embayments and tidal rivers. Spatial patterns in sediment contamination were governed by the high affinity of Hg for total organic carbon (TOC). Sediment MeHg and percent MeHg were also inversely related to summer bottom water dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations, presumably due to the increased activity of methylating bacteria. For biota, Hg accumulation was influenced by inter-specific habitat preferences and trophic structure, and sediments with high TOC and percent silt-clay composition limited mercury bioavailability. Moreover, hypoxic bottom water limited Hg bioaccumulation, which is possibly mediated by a reduction in biotic foraging, and thus, dietary uptake of mercury. Finally, most biota demonstrated a significant positive relationship between tissue and TOC-normalized sediment Hg, but relationships were much weaker or absent for sediment MeHg. These results have important implications for the utility of estuarine biota as subjects for mercury monitoring programs. 相似文献
19.
Kwokal Z Francisković-Bilinski S Bilinski H Branica M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(10):1152-1157
Anthropogenic mercury pollution was studied in Kastela Bay (Croatia), 10 years after chloralkaline plant (PVC) stopped production. The concentration of total mercury determined in sediments which are composed mainly of calcite and quartz, are in the range 14,280-30,400 ng/g. The values are higher than reported in the literature for Elbe and Seine estuaries and also above 25,000 ng/g used for criterion in remediation project in Minamata Bay. The concentration of methylmercury 6.05-36.74 ng/g are typical for slightly to highly contaminated estuarine sediments. The low ratio of methylmercury to total mercury found in sediments of Kastela Bay is in the range 0.04-0.18%. It can be explained that in this region predominate conditions which do not promote in-situ methylation. Sediments were found to be highly anoxic. Concentrations of total mercury in unfiltered surface waters are in the range 69-145 ng/l and in unfiltered bottom waters in the range 230-1,418 ngl(-1). High concentrations found in bottom waters suggest that either resuspension or partial dissolution of sediments takes place. An experiment performed on filtered and unfiltered waters showed that about 85% of total mercury in surface water and almost 100% in bottom water was retained on 45 microm filters. To demonstrate contrasts, two pristine estuaries from norths and south Europe were studied. Silicious sediments of Ore estuary (Sweden) and calcareous sediments of Krka estuary (Croatia) have total mercury concentrations close to accepted background level. The ratio of methylmercury to total mercury is < or = 1% in all samples with one exception. The highest observed ratio (2.70%) was in the surface sediment from E2 station in Krka estuary measured in March 2000. This location is suitable for studying methylmercury formation in pristine environment. 相似文献
20.
小白洋淀水-沉积物系统多环芳烃的分布、来源与生态风险 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11
以端村小白洋淀为研究对象,利用GC-MS测定了6个样点水、悬浮物和沉积物中15种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,分析了其组成与来源特征,探讨了不同多环芳烃单体的生态风险,结果表明:(1)15种优控多环芳烃的总含量(PAH15),水相为40.1-74.0ng/L,算术均值51.0ng/L;悬浮物为2438.0-5927.0ng/g,算术均值4528ng/g;沉积物为466.9-1366.4ng/g,算术均值为755.6ng/g;与国内外有关研究相比,污染较轻,(2)三相中均以2、3环PAHs为主,其比例均高于80%;并且,从水相、悬浮物相到沉积物相,2环PAHs依次降低,3环、4环依次升高,高环检出率和含量也依次升高,(3)沉积物中多环芳烃的来源以生物质燃料(秸秆、薪材)和煤的燃烧为主,以液体化石燃料(汽油、柴油和原油)的燃烧为辅,(4)沉积物中的芴(FLO)、菲(PHE)含量在潜在生态风险效应区间低值(ERL)与中值(ERM)之间,其生态风险几率介于10%-50%之间;其他PAHs单体的含量均低于ERL,其生态风险几率均低于10%. 相似文献