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不同地域的软黏土表现出不同的动力学特性,针对舟山地区海相软黏土,采用Wille动三轴仪开展了一系列不排水三轴试验,研究了不同加载频率及循环应力比对软黏土的动应力-应变-孔压及软化指数等的影响规律。结果表明：低频荷载的应力-应变滞回曲线对应的面积较大且曲线趋势更倾向于应变轴,随着循环次数的增加土体的软化程度明显增加(软化指数减少),且在高循环应力比下产生较大的累积塑性应变和残余动孔压;在低频较大循环振次和高频荷载作用下,不仅需要关注循环应力比CSR的影响,也需要进一步分别关注围压和轴向偏应力各自数值不同所导致的土体累积塑性应变、残余动孔压的变化;降低循环应力比可以显著减少不同频率荷载对软黏土地基动力特性的影响。此外,实验所测的累积塑性应变和残余动孔压分别采用相关修正模型拟合,取得了一致的拟合结果。该研究将为舟山海相软黏土的工程应用提供参考依据。 相似文献
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研究交通循环荷载作用下路基软黏土的长期沉降和动力力学性质对路基设计具有重要意义。本文通过GDS动三轴实验,研究(不排水条件下)振动波形、排水条件以及动应力比三因素对于软黏土动应变和动孔压的影响。试验结果显示:排水条件对饱和软黏土的动应变和动孔压影响最大,在部分排水条件下动孔压逐渐消散,动应变迅速发展。振动波形对软黏土动应变和动孔压影响较大,单向纯压半正弦波作用下软黏土的动应变和动孔压较容易达到最大值。在较少的振次内动应力比对孔压影响较大,但在归一化的孔压模型中,动应力比对孔压影响较小。通过以上分析,本文建立包含循环振次和纯压因素的孔压增长模型。 相似文献
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基于ABAQUS软件平台,应用自行开发的流固耦合动力模型孔压单元模拟场地土体,并通过黏弹性人工边界方法实现地震动的输入,对饱和土体场地中的双孔隧道结构在地震荷载作用下的动力反应进行研究。计算结果表明:在地震反应结束时刻,场地土体位移幅值在两隧道之间以及两隧道的附近区域较大,而远离隧道的区域则较小;场地底部区域土体的孔压幅值较大,而场地顶部区域土体则较小;隧道左右两侧拱腰部位的衬砌的应力较大,而拱顶部位则较小。计算结果同时表明了流固耦合动力模型孔压单元在饱和土体-隧道体系地震反应研究中的适用性。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(1)
动荷载作用下土体累积变形、孔压的发展不仅与动应力幅值有关,还与振动次数密切相关。本文通过GCTS空心圆柱扭剪仪对天津海积软土进行循环三轴试验,研究了多振次不同循环动应力下土体的累积变形与孔压特性。试验结果表明:在多振次循环荷载作用下,临界动应力前后土体累积变形发展趋势不同。动应力幅值小于临界动应力,累积应变呈稳定型发展;动应力幅值大于临界动应力,累积应变呈破坏型发展。按照累积应变发展形态的不同,分段建立考虑动应力幅值影响的长期变形公式。同样根据孔压发展趋势,也相应地分段建立了孔压增长预测公式,拟合值与试验值较为吻合。 相似文献
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为探讨台安砂土液化相关特性及发展规律,针对辽宁台安砂土进行一系列不排水动三轴试验,研究台安砂土在动荷载作用下动孔压及动应变变化规律,分析影响台安砂土发生液化的主控因素,揭示动载作用次数下台安砂土动力响应特征。结果表明：动应力水平不同的各相对密度试样ud曲线可分为后期陡增和匀速增长两种类型,动应力幅值较大时,ud始终以较快速度增长,呈现匀速增长特征,动应力幅值较小时,ud曲线则呈现初期缓增后期陡增的特点;相对密度Dr和动应力幅值CSR是决定砂土液化的主控因素,在同一里氏震级等效动载作用次数下,随着Dr持续发展,液化所需CSR增长逐渐加快,当Dr足够大时,砂土基本处于密实状态,此时难以发生液化;循环荷载作用下,台安砂土呈现出初期整体受压、中期拉压平衡、后期受拉凸显的动力响应特征,到后期试样拉应变迅速增大,试样易发生受拉破坏。研究成果可为辽宁台安地区建筑物抗震设计提供参考依据。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(6)
给出了基于颗粒离散元模拟饱和砂土不排水循环三轴试验的模型和方法。基于计算结果,分析了模拟试样在循环荷载下的流动性及主要特征。结果表明,数值模拟得到的循环荷载下饱和砂土宏观动力响应与室内动三轴试验结果基本一致,控制应变幅值和有效固结压力对试样宏观动力响应的影响规律符合已有的认识;控制应变幅值对模拟试样的平均流动系数-孔压比关系曲线基本无影响,模拟试样的流动性演变与孔压状态相关;有效固结压力限制试样流动性的增长。验证了基于颗粒流细观模拟方法分析饱和砂土流动性的可行性。 相似文献
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地震荷载下饱和砂土孔压增长时程计算方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用逐波累计方法,依据适于不同固结条件的孔压增量模型,计算每一应力循环的孔压变化,可给出非均等固结复杂情况下孔压实时增长过程。采用不同固结比两种砂进行若干典型地震荷载动三轴液化试验,试验结果与所提方法的计算结果有良好对应关系,表明本文方法可有效地描述地震荷载作用下非均等固结饱和砂土孔压增长过程。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(1)
循环加载条件下砂土的行为特性研究过去主要集中在松砂和中密砂方面。本文利用全自动三轴仪,对相对密度为80%的平潭砂进行了单调和循环荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了围压、固结侧压力系数、循环应力比对不排水条件下密砂超静孔压发展的影响规律。结果表明,固结侧压力系数和循环应力比共同影响土体的偏应力状态,它们对密砂的孔压发展有着决定性的作用。固结侧压力系数较大时,偏应力出现周期性的反向,超静孔压增长较快,砂土表现出典型的循环流动现象;而固结侧压力系数较小时,循环加载过程中偏应力始终在三轴压缩区内,产生的超静孔压较小,经过一定的周期数后,一个周期内由剪胀引起的超静孔压减小值正好等于由于剪缩所引起的超静孔压增大值,累积的超静孔压不再随周期数的增加而增大,密砂进入"周期稳定状态",而在文献中关于松砂和中密砂的循环加载试验尚无存在该现象的报道。 相似文献
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The evaluation of the wave-induced excess pore pressure around a buried pipeline is particularly important for pipeline engineers involved in the design of offshore pipelines. Existing models for the wave-induced seabed response around submarine pipeline have been limited to poro-elastic soil behavior and de-coupled oscillatory and residual mechanisms for the rise in excess pore water pressure. To overcome the shortcoming of the existing models, in this study a three-dimensional poro-elasto-plastic soil model with submarine pipeline is established, in which both oscillatory and residual mechanisms can be simulated simultaneously. With the proposed model, a parametric study is conducted to investigate the relative differences of the predictions of the wave-induced pore pressure with poro-elasto-plastic model. Based on numerical examples, it can be concluded that the poro-elasto-plastic behaviors of soil have more significant influence on wave-induced pore pressure of seabed around submarine pipeline. As the seabed depth increases, the normalized pore pressures decrease rapidly at the upper part of seabed, and then change slightly at the lower part of the seabed. Soil permeability and wave period have obvious influence on the wave-induced normalized pore pressure. 相似文献
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Liquefaction of seabed under seismic loading is one of the main points that govern the overall stability of submarine pipeline. However, most previous investigations concerned only with free seabed and searched for seismic accumulative excess pore pressure by solving Terzaghi's consolidation equation containing pore pressure source term. It is not able to introduce two-dimensional structures such as submarine pipelines in one-dimensional problem, and it is also not able to obtain the distribution of seismic accumulative excess pore pressure in seabed around submarine pipelines by such a way. In this study, a FEM numerical analysis method for determining the liquefaction of sandy seabed around a buried pipeline under seismic loading is presented. The empirical mode of dynamic increase of pore pressure under undrained shearing induced by seismic loading is incorporated with two-dimensional dynamic consolidation equation and a numerical procedure based on FEM is developed to assess the accumulative excess pore pressure. By numerical computations, the accumulative process of pore pressure and liquefaction potential of seabed soil during seismic loading is evaluated. From a series of numerical computations based on the presented model with various parameters, the effects of soil characteristic parameters and pipeline geometry on seismic accumulative excess pore pressure around submarine pipeline and along the depth of seabed are explored in detail. 相似文献
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本文基于Biot动力固结理论和弹性动力学理论,考虑海床（土壤）的两相性、黏弹性人工边界及流（水）-固耦合作用,建立了隧道-土-流体相互作用的力学模型,讨论了P波作用下有无水的情况以及水深、水域隧道埋深、海床土性质和地震波入射角等因素对隧道及其周围海床应力的影响。结果表明:隧道周围海床土的孔隙水压力和隧道内应力随着水深的增加而增加;地震波特性和海床土特性对隧道的内应力和海床土的孔隙水压力均有较大的影响;海床土的渗透性和隧道埋深对隧道的内应力影响较小,而对隧道周围海床土的孔隙水压力影响较大;地震动的入射角对隧道的内应力和隧道附近土层的孔隙水压力均有较大影响。 相似文献
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花管土钉已被广泛应用于基坑工程中,但其抗拔承载机理尚不明确。根据花管土钉的支护原理,分析其三种破坏形式,提出花管土钉的四个受力阶段;基于库仑土压力理论,将滑动土体上方看作均布荷载,推导出花管土钉极限抗拔承载力的计算公式;结合兰州某基坑实例,将《建筑基坑支护技术规程》中的花管土钉极限抗拔承载力计算方法与本文计算方法进行拉拔试验,并对结果进行对比分析。研究表明：花管土钉的破坏模式主要为花管杆体被拉断、出浆锚固体被剪断及出浆锚固体前端土体变形过大;花管土钉的四个受力阶段包括静止阶段、塑性区产生阶段、塑性区扩张阶段和破坏阶段;在花管土钉极限抗拔承载力的组成中,出浆锚固体提供的抗拔力所占比重随花管埋深的增大而显著增大,是花管土钉极限抗拔承载力的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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In this paper, a novel coupled pore-scale model of pore-fluid interacting with discrete particles is presented for modeling liquefaction of saturated granular soil. A microscale idealization of the solid phase is achieved using the discrete element method (DEM) while the fluid phase is modeled at a pore-scale using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The fluid forces applied on the particles are calculated based on the momentum exchange between the fluid and particles. The presented model is based on a first principles formulation in which pore-pressure develops due to actual changes in pore space as particles׳ rearrangement occurs during shaking. The proposed approach is used to model the response of a saturated soil deposit subjected to low and large amplitude seismic excitations. Results of conducted simulations show that at low amplitude shaking, the input motion propagates following the theory of wave propagation in elastic solids. The deposit response to the strong input motion indicates that liquefaction took place and it was due to reduction in void space during shaking that led to buildup in pore-fluid pressure. Soil liquefaction was associated with soil stiffness degradation and significant loss of interparticle contacts. Simulation results also indicate that the level of shaking-induced shear strains and associated volumetric strains play a major role in the onset of liquefaction and the rate of pore-pressure buildup. 相似文献
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采用分层底部真空预压技术,在模型试验箱内制备强度沿深度增加的模型试验土层;进而利用自行开发的电动伺服加载装置,在荷载控制方式下,针对水平破坏模式,进行两种直径的吸力锚在最佳系泊点受倾斜方向静荷载与循环荷载共同作用下的承载力模型试验。试验结果表明,循环荷载作用过程中锚的循环变形没有明显增加,导致锚破坏的是循环累积变形。强度沿深度增加软土和均一强度软土中吸力锚循环承载力的相对变化规律一致,当循环破坏次数为100时,循环承载力是静承载力的90%左右;当循环破坏次数增加至2 000时,循环承载力减小至静承载力的70%左右。锚径的变化只影响循环承载力的大小,不影响其相对变化。强度沿深度增加土层中的吸力锚,其循环荷载下竖向阻力弱化程度大于水平阻力弱化程度,这与均一强度土层中吸力锚受循环荷载作用时的性态一致。 相似文献
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地震作用下土体发生液化之后,由于超静孔隙水压力的产生和土体抗剪强度的降低,管道易发生上浮破坏。为研究管道上浮动力反应的影响因素,基于OpenSees有限元软件,通过目标反应谱和谱匹配等方法选取地震波,考虑不同管土特性和地震动特性,对地震作用下管道上浮动力反应进行了二维数值模拟。结果表明:土体相对密度、管径和管道埋深对管道上浮反应的影响较大,分别给出了土体相对密度、管径、管道埋深对管道上浮位移的影响规律及对应拟合公式;长持时地震动作用下,超静孔隙水压力消散较慢,管道上浮位移可达短持时地震动作用下管道上浮位移的2倍左右;近断层脉冲地震动作用下,管道上浮破坏和横向破坏两种破坏模式同时存在,且由于速度脉冲效应,管道横向破坏风险大于上浮破坏风险。 相似文献
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Vehicle load is among the main factors affecting the deformation of subgrade soil.In this research study,the concept of impact type traffic load is introduced to investigate the effects of vehicle load based on the dynamic stress and displacement time histories acquired from seasonal frozen subgrade soils.Using freezing-thawing and dynamic triaxial tests and considering the amplitude and loading sequence of impact type traffic load,the residual deformation characteristics of subgrade soil under impact type traffic loads and freezing-thawing cycles is studied.It was found that under impact type traffic load,the residual deformation of soils increased sharply as the amplitude of impact type traffic load increased.It was also found that the increase in the amplitude of impact type traffic load led to the increase of residual deformation in a scale of power and exponential function.The amplitudes of impact type traffic load affect the development stress-strain path of the residual strain.After the soil experienced the proper amount of pre-vibration of the light load,residual deformation decreased by 15%.After freezing-thawing,the residual strain of soil increased as the amplitude of the impact type traffic loads increased.Also,when the amplification effect of freezing-thawing on the residual strain was basically stable,the residual deformation increased by about 10%.The peak impact type traffic load had a large effect on soil deformation after the freezing-thawing process,leading to the observation that of the earlier the peaks,the stronger the effect of freezing-thawing.After the soil was subjected to preloading with a small load,the influence of the freezing-thawing cycles gradually stabilized.The results may be useful in preventing and controlling the risk of subgrade soil failure when construction takes place spring thaw periods. 相似文献
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In this paper, a two-dimensional integrated numerical model is developed to examine the influences of cross-anisotropic soil behaviour on the wave-induced residual liquefaction in the vicinity of a pipeline buried in a porous seabed. In the wave model, the RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes) equation is used to govern the wave motion. In the seabed model, the residual soil response in the vicinity of an embedded pipeline is considered with the 2-D elasto-plastic solution, where the phase-resolved shear stress is used as a source for the build-up of residual pore pressure. Classical Biot׳s consolidation equation is used for linking the solid-pore fluid interaction. The validation of the proposed integrated numerical model is conducted by the comparisons with the previous experimental data. Numerical examples show that the pore pressures can accumulate to a large value, thus resulting in a larger area of liquefaction potential in the given anisotropic soil compared to that with isotropic solution. The influences of anisotropic parameters on the wave-induced residual soil response in the vicinity of pipeline are significant. A high rate of pore pressure accumulation and dissipation is observed and the liquefaction potential develops faster as the anisotropic parameters increase. Finally, a simplified approximation based on a detailed parametric investigations is proposed for the evaluation of maximum liquefaction depth (zL) in engineering application. 相似文献
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扩底桩基础在承受水平风浪荷载时,基础周围的地基土表现出复杂的应力变化特性。基于有限元程序ABAQUS,针对近海风机单桩基础受力特点,分别建立扩底桩和等直径桩的有限元模型,着重分析扩底桩受风浪荷载时桩周土的应力特征,并对扩底桩和等直径桩桩周土的应力主轴旋转角度规律进行对比分析。结果表明:扩底桩在承受风浪荷载时,上部桩桩周土偏应力和主应力方向角的变化较为明显,扩底段部分桩周土受动荷载的影响较中段更为明显;随着桩周土与扩底桩距离的增加,桩周土主应力方向角旋转幅值逐渐减小,直到减小为一个较为稳定的值;扩底桩桩周土与等直径桩桩周土的主应力方向角旋转幅值变化规律有所不同。 相似文献