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1.
青藏高原错鄂湖2.8 Ma来的孢粉记录 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
青藏高原错鄂湖近2.8 Ma来的孢粉组合揭示出7次大的植被类型的演变过程, 反映了至少5次大的构造抬升过程, 分别发生在2.58, 1.87, 1.17, 0.83和0.3 MaBP前后. 在0.8 MaBP以前, 该区的海拔高度一直处在4000 m以下, 之后高原大幅度隆起, 进入了冰冻圈, 奠定了现代高原面的基本格局. 大的植被类型的演替主要是受青藏高原阶段性隆升所控制的. 相似文献
2.
青藏高原不同部位低温热年代学记录、沉积记录和构造变形记录揭示出存在60~35,25~17,12~8Ma（藏南17~12Ma）和大约5Ma以来4个主要强构造隆升剥露阶段.除了藏南地区在17~12Ma发生藏南拆离系的活动及其所控制的高喜马拉雅结晶基底岩系的快速抬升剥露这一特殊情况外,青藏高原不同地区主要强构造隆升剥露阶段具有准同时性.几个强隆升剥露阶段对应于几个强构造变形活动时期,反映隆升剥露主要受构造动力控制.新生代以砾岩为代表的粗碎屑物的分布、前陆盆地或走滑拉分盆地的分布及其沉积充填、角度不整合的发育和地层间断缺失,以及受断裂控制的盆山地貌变迁和高原扩展与青藏高原几个强构造抬升剥露阶段也具有良好的匹配关系.本文还讨论了青藏高原作为地表隆升的高原形成过程,揭示高原的形成是随时间演变不断扩展的过程. 相似文献
3.
青藏高原北缘酒西盆地13 Ma以来沉积演化与构造隆升 总被引：27，自引：4，他引：27
13 MaBP以来从祁连山剥蚀的物质广泛沉积于酒西盆地南缘, 可划分出5个沉积相组合, 其沉积演化分为4个阶段. 酒西盆地的沉积与高原隆升响应关系揭示出高原自13 MaBP以来先后经历了: 稳定期(>8.26 Ma)、持续逐步较快速隆升期(8.26~<4.96 Ma)和急剧强烈阶段性隆升期(>3.66~0 Ma). 青藏高原的隆升是一个多阶段、不等速和非均变的复杂过程.
关键词 相似文献
4.
中国黄土高原的风积证据:晚新生代北半球大冰期开始及青藏高原的隆升驱动 总被引：41，自引：11，他引：30
据黄土高原最近 7.2Ma风积黄土 红粘土序列的磁化率曲线和沉积速率变化 ,并分别与赤道东太平洋δ18O曲线和北太平洋风尘石英沉积通量变化对比 ,将晚新生代北半球大冰期的发生、发展过程分为 :约 7.2～ 3.4MaBP的来临期 ,3.4～2 .6MaBP的初始期 ,2 .6Ma以来的大冰期 ;相应地将以冬季风和夏季风组合为特征的东亚季风形成演变过程分为 :冬、夏季风均偏弱的初显期 ,冬、夏季风同步增强的过渡期和冬、夏季风彼此消长的盛行期 .晚新生代全球构造隆升 ,尤其是青藏高原隆升以及与隆升有关的大气CO2 浓度的变化 ,在很大程度上控制着北半球大冰期的发生过程和东亚季风气候长时间尺度的变迁 ,其中约 3.4～ 2 .6MaBP时段青藏高原的加速隆升起着重要驱动作用 相似文献
5.
青藏高原的隆升过程与地球动力学模型研究进展 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
综合对比、分析了现有青藏高原隆升过程和地球动力学模型相关成果，认为：（1）高原岩石圈以多圈层为特征，其内部层圈相互作用复杂，从而导致隆升过程和机制的复杂性以及构造演化的阶段性，高原的隆升是多种机制联合作用的产物，具有多阶段、非均一、不等速的特征；（2）现有地球动力学模式多力求用一种动力学体制对高原整体构造格架和成因演化进行解释，然而，高原的隆升过程、状态和动力学机制具有非线性、非周期性和无序性等特征，其隆升作用存在非线性效应；（3）以数值模拟为手段，开展物理与数学的定量模拟研究，建立组合动力学模型，是青藏高原隆升过程和地球动力学研究中有待深化的重要课题。 相似文献
6.
祁连山区中西段沉积物粒径和青藏高原隆升关系模型 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
通过对祁连山中西段河流沉积物粒径的测量统计, 探寻其与青藏高原北缘主峰和高原高度的相关关系, 建立相应的关系模型, 并将模型应用到老君庙剖面, 最后得出青藏高原北缘自8.35 Ma以来高原隆升过程曲线. 据此认为青藏高原北部自8.35MaBP隆升以来, 从平均海拔约900 m隆升到现在的约3700 m, 其中8.35~3.1 MaBP隆升较慢, 幅度较小, 总抬升了420 m, 3.1 MaBP至今, 隆升加剧, 表现为明显的后期加速过程, 共抬升了约2400 m. 0.9 Ma左右, 青藏高原北部抬升到平均海拔约3000 m, 进入冰冻圈; 主峰达到4000 m以上, 指示主峰发育冰川. 相似文献
7.
祁连山东段0.83 Ma以来的构造-气候事件 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
根据祁连山北麓季风西北边缘区的河流阶地系列和风成黄土的研究, 重建了该区中更新世以来的构造隆升和气候演化历史. 研究发现, 中更新世以来青藏高原的数次隆升事件与本研究区及其他地区的气候记录有一定的耦合性, 发生于0.83和0.14 Ma的构造事件, 可以分别与0.64 Ma时沙漠的显著扩张及沙漠周期性进退的开始、末次冰期以来中国西北的极端干旱相对应. 这些构造-气候耦合事件可能暗示了构造隆升对气候的驱动, 从而反映青藏高原对东亚季风气候系统的重要影响. 相似文献
8.
长江三角洲晚新生代地层独居石年龄谱与长江贯通时间研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
PD-99孔位于长江三角洲南翼, 揭示的晚新生代地层厚313 m. 独居石年龄谱表明, 上新统以350~500 Ma的颗粒为主, 第四系则以100~275 Ma的颗粒为主, 反映二者母源区发生了变化. 晚于25 Ma的独居石颗粒初现层位于高斯正极性带与松山负极性带界线之上(约在2.58 Ma), 这是青藏高原隆升对东中国海沉积产生直接影响的开端. 长江河口地层中晚于25 Ma独居石含量变化分为两大阶段, 分别对应于早、中更新世青藏高原的快速隆升和晚更新世以来的最强烈隆升. 相似文献
9.
将大陆岩石层视为由幂指数律控制的一层薄层,它上伏在粘滞性较低的软流层之 上蠕变流动,其运动限制在与东亚大陆构造形态较相似的边界模型的梯形框架之中．设印度 板块以一恒定的速度向北推进,并被视为青藏高原挤压隆升的主要动力．用数值模拟的方法 研究了青藏高原的挤压隆升演化过程,并对数值模拟的隆升过程作了剥蚀修正．结果表明, 由挤压模型所产生的地形和现代青藏高原及其邻区的地形格局比较吻合．同时也表明,挤压 隆升过程受多种因素（如岩石层的力学特性、边界条件以及剥蚀作用）的制约,无论从空间还 是从时间上看,模拟所反映的高原隆升都是不均匀的演化过程． 相似文献
10.
临夏盆地毛沟剖面高分辨率粒度记录研究表明,29-7.4Ma间,临夏盆地的古气候一直保持相对稳定,而其中短暂的沉积相的改变是盆地对该期间青藏高原构造隆升事件的响应;从7.4Ma开始,流域外的风尘物质开始逐步被带人盆地,并经过了6.4Ma和5.3Ma的两次加速过程,揭示了我国西北内陆干旱气候可能从7.4Ma左右开始,且在6.4Ma和5.3Ma左右经过两次加强.通过与青藏高原构造隆升事件记录和全球气候记录对比。揭示高原在9-7Ma开始的逐步隆升和期后的阶段性加速隆升以及同期开始的全球变冷,尤其北极冰盖的形成和扩张可能是亚洲内陆干旱化的重要驱动机制. 相似文献
11.
L&#; Houyuan Wang Sumin Wu Naiqin Tong Guobang Yang Xiangdong Sheng Caiming Li Shijie Zhu Liping Wang Luo 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2001,44(1):292-300
A new pollen record from the lake of Co Ngoin in the central Tibetan Plateau provides information on the vegetation and climate changes during the last 2.8 Ma. Seven major significant changes in pollen associations indicate the processes of vegetation change and possible tectonic uplifts. The seven changes in vegetation succession include a temperate montane conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest, cold temperate montane dark conifer forest, alpine shrub-meadow and alpine desert, montane dark coniferous forest and alpine shrub meadow, montane dark coniferous forest and alpine shrub meadow, montane dark coniferous forest and alpine meadow, and alpine desert and meadow. The pollen record provides the evidence of at least five times tectonic uplifts occurring at about 2.58 Ma, 1.87 Ma, 1.17 Ma, 0.83 Ma, and 0.3 Ma ago, respectively. Before 0.8 Ma, this region maintained the altitude below 4000 m a.s.l. Larger amplitude of uplift occurring at about 0.8 Ma ago enforced the plateau rising into cryosphere, shaping the basic topographic pattern of modern plateau. The major successions in vegetation of this area were largely controlled by stepwise uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.
相似文献12.
A 2.8 Ma record of environmental evolution and tectonic events inferred from the Cuoe core in the middle of Tibetan Plateau 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on a multi-proxy investigation into the deep core of the Cuoe Lake in the middle of Tibetan Plateau, a 2.8 Ma paleoclimatic
and paleoenvironmental evolution is reconstructed. The result of magnetic stratum indicates that the lake basin was formed
at about 2.8 MaBP, while the multi-proxy analyses of lithology, grain size, magnetic susceptibility and geochemical elements
reveal that there have been three major environmental evolution stages and at least two intensive uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau
in the lake basin area, i.e. during 2.8-2.5 MaBP, the lake basin came into being as a result of the disaggregation of the
planation surface and rapid rising of the Tibetan Plateau. During 2.5-0.8 MaBP, with gradual uplift of the Tibetan Plateau,
the environment of this area was more effectively controlled by the climatic cycle of the alternative glacial-interglacial
stages. After 0.8 MaBP, the middle part of the Plateau accelerated its uplift and entered cryoshere. 相似文献
13.
Evolution of the monsoon and dry climate in East Asia during late Cenozoic: A review 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Climate in Eastern Asia is composed of monsoon climate in the east,arid and semi-arid climate in the north and west,and the cold and dry climate of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the southwest.The underlying causes for the evolution of East Asian climate during late Cenozoic have long been investigated and debated,particularly with regards to the role played by the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift and the global cooling.In this paper,we reviewed major research developments in this area,and summarized the important results.Based on a synthesis of data,we propose that the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift alone cannot fully explain the formation of monsoon and arid climates in Eastern Asia during the past 22–25 Ma.Other factors such as the global ice volume and high-latitude temperature changes have also played a vital role.Moreover,atmospheric CO2changes may have modulated the monsoon and dry climate changes by affecting the location of the inter-tropical convergence zone(ITCZ),which controls the monsoon precipitation zone and the track of the East Asian winter monsoon during late Cenozoic.The integration of high-resolution geological record and numerical paleoclimate modeling could make new contributions to understanding the climate evolution and variation in eastern Asia in future studies.It could facilitate the investigation of the regional differences in East Asian environmental changes and the asynchronous nature between the uplift of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and their climatic effects.These would be the keys to understanding underlying driving forces for the evolution of the East Asian climate. 相似文献
14.
The eastern part of Qilian Mountains experienced strong tectonic uplift during the late Quaternary, and climate record there was influenced by Tibetan Plateau to some extent. Based on studies on the fluvial terrace series and eolian loess deposition, we find that the tectonic uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau had coupled with climatic changes in our studied region and others since the mid-Pleistocene. The uplift that occurred at 0.83 Ma corresponded to significant desert expansion in L6 and periodic variation since MIS16, while the 0.14Ma one to the further drying in northwest China. Those coupled events may indicate that tectonic uplift drove climatic changes, and the Tibetan Plateau has important impacts on East Asian Monsoon system. 相似文献
15.
Preliminary analysis on the relationships between Tibetan Plateau NDVI change and its surface heat source and precipitation of China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Wei Hua GuangZhou Fan DingWen Zhou ChangJian Ni XueMin Li YongLi Wang YaQin Liu XianLun Huang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(5):677-685
The tectonic-sedimentary cycles and environmental evolution in Southwest Monsoon area since 2.78 Ma were reconstructed, based
on the analyses of lithology, grain size, carbonate content, loss-on-ignition (LOI) and pollen in a 737.72 m sediment core
from the Heqing Basin, China. The results indicated that the lake basin was formed in about 2.78 Ma. Continuous lacustrine
sediment was preserved since 2.65 Ma. Three stages of tectonic-sedimentary cycle were revealed, which were 2.78–1.55, 1.55–0.99
and 0.99–0 Ma. The environmental evolution in Heqing area was influenced by uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the resulting
variation of Southwest Monsoon and the earth orbital-scale periodicity.
Supported by the Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40331003 and 40625007) 相似文献
16.
Monazite age spectra in the Late Cenozoic strata of the Changjiang delta and its implication on the Changjiang run-through time 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Yokoyama Kazumi 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(10)
Uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, inversion of eastern and western geomorphology, eastward flowing of large rivers, and run-through of the Changjiang River exert great influence on sedimentation and environ-mental variations in the East China Sea. Provenance discrimination of Tibetan-Plateau-originated sediments in the river-mouth areas and marginal seas is key to figure out these issues.In the past, most studies of the run-through time of the Changjiang and the Yellow rivers focused on geomo… 相似文献
17.
Reconstruction of uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial for understanding its environmental impacts. The Oiyug Basin in southern Tibet contains multiple periods of sedimentary sequences and volcanic rocks that span much of the Cenozoic and has great potential for further studying this issue. However, these strata were poorly dated. This paper presents a chronological study of the 145 m thick and horizontally-distributed lacustrine sequence using paleomagnetic method as well as a K-Ar dating of the underlying volcanic rocks. Based on these dating results, a chronostratigraphic framework and the basin-developmental history have been established for the past 15 Ma, during which three tectonic stages are identified. The period of 15-8.1 Ma is characterized by intense volcanic activities involving at least three major eruptions. Subsequently, the basin came into a tectonically quiescent period and a lacustrine sedimentary sequence was developed. Around 2.5 Ma, an N-S fault occurred across the southern margin of the basin, leading to the disappearance of the lake environment and the development of the Oiyug River. The Gyirong basin on northern slope of the Himalayas shows a similar basin developmental history and thus there is a good agreement in tectonic activities between the Himalayan and Gangdise orogenic belts. Therefore, the tectonic evolution stages experienced by the Oiyug Basin during the past 15 Ma could have a regional significance for southern Tibet. The chronological data obtained from this study may provide some constraints for further studies with regard to the tectonic processes and environmental changes in southern Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
18.
塔里木盆地的高分辨率沉积记录对于理解青藏高原隆升、亚洲内陆干旱化乃至全球气候变化至关重要.建立可靠的地层年代标尺对于研究塔里木盆地晚新生代沉积环境演化、构造运动及古气候变化具有重要意义.本文对塔里木盆地东北缘库尔勒地区的两个全取心钻孔ZK3（深500 m）、ZK5（深300 m）进行详细的磁性地层学研究，结果表明，ZK3孔中更新统底界为54.8 m，下更新统底界为167.0 m，上新统底界为432.0 m，钻孔底部年龄约为6.2 Ma，属上中新统上部；ZK5孔中更新统底界为64.7 m，下更新统底界为241.5 m，钻孔底部年龄约为3.2 Ma，属上上新统.基于上述磁性地层年代标尺，通过沉积速率分析发现ZK3孔在3.0—3.6 Ma之间沉积速率明显增大，反映了塔里木盆地北部天山在此期间的快速隆升.通过东西部多个盆地地质剖面沉积速率的对比分析发现，这期构造活动在区域上具有准同期活动特征，在时代上与晚中新世以来青藏高原快速隆升的时代一致，可能与青藏高原的隆升扩展效应有关. 相似文献
19.
An 8.1Ma calcite record of Asian summer monsoon evolution on the Chinese central Loess Plateau 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Chen XiuLing Fang XiaoMin An ZhiSheng Han WenXia Wang Xin Bai Yan Hong Ye 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(3):392-403
Carbonates in loess-red clay sequences consist mainly of calcite and dolomite. The EDTA analysis of carbonates in different size fractions and magnetic susceptibility reveal that calcite is a sensitive index of summer monsoon. The chemical analysis of carbonates and calcite from an 8.1 Ma loess-red clay sequence at Chaona on the Chinese central Loess Plateau shows that the evolution of the Asian summer monsoon experienced four stages, namely 8.1―5.5 Ma, 5.5―2.8 Ma, 2.8―1.5 Ma and 1.5―0 Ma, with increasing intensification and fluctuation, suggesting a possible combining impacts of uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and global changes on the Asian summer monsoon. 相似文献
20.
Song Chunhui Fang Xiaomin Li Jijun Gao Junping Zhao Zhijun Fan Majie 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2001,44(1):192-202
Sediments shed from the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the Qilian Mountains, are widely deposited in the foreland basin, the Jiuxi Basin, archiving plenty of information about the mountain surface uplift and erosion history. The Laojunmiao section, 1960 m thick, representing the upper sequence of the Cenozoic basin sediments, is paleomagnetically dated to about 13-0 Ma BP. Detailed sedimentary study of this sequence has revealed five sedimentary facies associations which determine four stages of sedimentary environment evolution. They are: (I) the half-deep lake system before 12.18 Ma BP, (II) the shallow lake system between 12.18 and 8.26 Ma BP, (III) the fan delta dominated sedimentary system in dry climate between 8.26 and 6.57 Ma BP, and (IV) alluvial fan system since 6.57 Ma BP. The associated mountain erosion and uplift are suggested to have experienced three phases, that is, tectonic stable (13-8.26 Ma BP), gradual uplift (8.26-<4.96 Ma BP), and rapid intermittent uplift (>3.66-0 Ma BP). The uplift at ∼3.66 Ma BP is of great importance in tectonics and geomorphology. Since then, tectonic uplift and mountain building have been accelerated and become strong intermittent. At least three significant tectonic events took place with ages at <1.80-1.23, 0.93-0.84 and 0.14 Ma BP, respectively. Thus, the uplift of the northern Tibetan Plateau is a complex process of multiple phases, unequal speed and irregular movements.
相似文献