共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
由于大型自升式钻井船的插桩位置通常距离海上钻井与采油平台较近,桩靴的插入过程可能会对临近平台的桩基础承载力和稳定性产生不利影响。以实际工程为背景,运用球孔扩张理论推导挤土效应产生的水平附加应力大小及其范围;提出一种近似考虑动力挤土效应的拟静力数值模拟方法,分析桩靴下沉到不同深度处时的桩基承载力、桩身应力和最大水平位移,并与静力分析结果进行对比。研究表明,桩靴插入过程对周围土体产生巨大的挤压和扰动作用,使得桩基承载力降低,桩身应力变大,最大水平位移增加;与静力法计算数值相比,由挤土效应导致的单桩承载力下降6%~8%,桩身应力增大30%~80%,桩身最大变形量增长1倍。 相似文献
2.
桩靴贯入阻力的准确预测是自升式钻井平台安全作业的前提。通过小比尺模型试验,研究饱和砂土中桩靴贯入速度对筒型桩靴插桩性能的影响,并基于地基承载力理论提出筒型桩靴贯入阻力的计算方法,进而采用CEL有限元方法模拟筒型桩靴的贯入过程,并与试验结果进行比较。研究发现:当模型试验中桩靴贯入速度在0.1～0.3mm/s时,桩靴的贯入可看作是准静态过程,此时贯入阻力变化不大,采用基于地基承载力理论中的Hansen公式和Vesic公式可较为准确地计算出对应某一深度的贯入阻力;CEL有限元方法可有效模拟筒型桩靴的贯入过程,当桩靴的贯入速度为0.1～0.3mm/s时,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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河水径向渗流会对河岸基坑稳定性及支护结构内力产生显著影响。以某深基坑工程为背景进行了三维流固耦合数值模拟分析,研究了渗流对深基坑土体及支护结构受力与变形的作用规律。研究结果表明：1初始水位时,渗流作用对土体水平应力与土体剪应力的影响较小,但水位上升后,坑底处土体水平应力明显增大,在坑壁拐角处应力集中现象突出,土体剪应力在开挖面以下的底脚处最大;2土体水平位移与竖向位移均在水位上升时呈递增趋势;3桩身弯矩与剪力在水位上升初期有较大增加,之后增长速度减小;4上层、下层锚杆的自由段和锚固段轴力在水位上升初期均有明显增加,但之后增加幅度很小;5安全系数在水位上升初期降低较多,之后以较小速度呈线性减小。 相似文献
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通过进行大型模型槽足尺模型试验,根据桩身变形和柱身弯矩的试验结果,分析了水平荷载作用下现浇混凝土大直径管桩（以下简称PCC桩）的水平承栽特性和桩-土共同作用性状。采用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS对PCC桩的水平承载特性进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验结果符合得较好,并进一步探讨了PCC桩水平承载特性的主要影响因素。结果表明：表层土体的弹性模量对水平受力性状影响较大,表层土体的厚度对桩身水平位移也有较大影响,因此可以通过改良表层土体来控制桩身水平位移,以达到工程设计要求;土体强度参数对水平承载特性也有影响,尤其是内摩擦角和粘聚力较小时更为明显。 相似文献
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为研究强震区跨断层桥梁桩基非线性动力相互作用特性,依托海文大桥实体工程,利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件,建立了桩-土-断层相互作用模型,分析0.20~0.60g地震动强度下断层上下盘桩基加速度响应、桩顶水平位移、桩身弯矩以及桩身剪力响应情况。结果表明:覆盖层土体对桩身加速度放大作用明显,且随着输入地震动强度的增大,放大作用逐渐减弱;覆盖层对地震波的滤波作用显著,随着输入地震动强度的增大,滤波作用逐渐减弱;上盘桩基达到桩顶峰值加速度的时刻滞后于下盘;随着输入地震动强度的增大,上、下盘桩的桩顶产生的永久位移和水平位移峰值逐渐变大,上盘桩顶产生的永久位移和桩顶峰值位移均大于下盘,产生显著的"上盘效应";不同强度地震动作用下,断层上、下盘桩基弯矩均在上部土层界面处达到峰值,剪力均在基岩面处达到峰值,下盘桩基弯矩和剪力峰值大于上盘桩基,呈现出显著的"下盘效应"。在桥梁桩基抗震设计时,应着重考虑断层上、下盘桩基的差异和不同强度地震作用对桩基承载特性的影响。 相似文献
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为了研究强震区桥梁跨活动断层时，桩基在地震中的动力响应，以海文大桥为工程背景，利用Midas GTS有限元软件建立其强震区桩-海床岩土体-断层耦合作用的数值模型，研究不同强度(0.20g～0.60g)的50年超越概率为10%的地震波(后文简称5010地震波)作用下，桥梁桩基加速度、位移、弯矩及剪力的动力时程响应特性。结果表明：上部大厚度松散土体对桩身加速度有放大及滤波作用，而基岩对桩身加速度几乎不产生作用；断层上、下盘桩基础的桩顶水平位移随输入地震动强度的增大而增大，但达到振幅的时刻一致；上、下盘桩基础桩顶竖向位移时程响应都在50 s以后产生永久沉降；桩身最大弯矩截面处时程响应均在40 s以后产生永久弯矩；应重点考虑上部覆盖层软硬土体界面和基岩界面的抗弯承载力设计，及桩顶和基岩面附近的抗剪承载力设计；上盘桩基础按桩身加速度、弯矩、桩顶水平位移等动参数控制设计，下盘桩基础按动剪应力控制设计。 相似文献
7.
深厚软土地区基坑常用基坑被动区加固的方法来控制支护体系变形.以珠海深厚软土地区某基坑工程为例,采用FLAC3D软件,建立了基坑工程分析模型,计算分析了被动区土体加固深度及加固宽度对基坑支护体系变形和桩后土体沉降的影响.计算结果表明,随着被动区加固深度和加固宽度的增加,桩身位移量和桩后土体沉降量均逐渐减小;桩身位移量和土体沉降量的减幅随着加固深度和加固宽度的增加而逐渐减小,故加固区存在最优加固深度和加固宽度,分别为10 m和12 m左右;桩后土体沉降影响区域范围为2 H,坑外地表最大沉降点在距围护桩0.5 H处. 相似文献
8.
《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(3)
为研究动荷载作用下饱和砂土发生液化前后斜群桩的动力响应相关问题,利用土工离心机振动台进行了饱和砂土场地条件下的斜群桩物理模型试验。通过试验分别对土层响应、桩身弯矩以及桩顶承台加速度和位移等进行了详细分析,得到了如下结论:不同荷载作用下土层液化范围的改变导致了土层加速度峰值出现了不同程度的放大或缩小现象;砂土液化前后桩身动弯矩和残余弯矩对整个桩身的影响程度发生了显著变化,尤其在砂土大范围液化后残余弯矩相比动弯矩的影响明显减弱;当输入加速度峰值较小时,桩顶承台水平加速度峰值与振动台台面比较出现了明显的放大现象。而随着输入加速度峰值的增加,在振动后期承台水平加速度峰值出现了缩小的现象,同时在振动结束后承台产生了明显的动态残余位移。本研究取得的相关结论为液化土中斜群桩的相关研究以及工程设计提供参考。 相似文献
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液化土中桩基础动力反应试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文设计完成了包括三种密度饱和砂土和非液化干砂的多工况桩-土相互作用振动台动力试验,研究液化对土体和桩-承台动力反应的影响。通过试验和分析,得到了液化和非液化土层中土体水平加速度、侧向位移和桩-承台的水平加速度、侧向位移、桩身弯矩等指标的反应过程和模式,对比了液化和非液化条件对这些指标的影响方式,提出了各因素影响大小的分析结果。 相似文献
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针对苏州轻轨一号线盾构隧道的施工情况,采用三维有限元数值模型,研究了盾构施工对不同刚度桩体的影响。计算结果表明：当盾构施工时,不同刚度桩体均偏向隧道移动,在隧道轴线处的横向位移均为最大。桩身横向位移最大值、竖向位移随桩体刚度增大而变小,桩身轴力、弯矩则随桩体刚度增大而逐渐增大,桩身最大负弯矩均出现在隧道轴线位置处。在盾构正下方穿越单桩过程中,桩身沿隧道轴向位移近似为一条直线。当桩体弹性模量为0.5 GPa时,柱顶和桩底处竖向位移相差较大;当桩体弹性模量大于0.5 GPa时,桩身竖向位移急剧增大。桩身轴力沿桩身两端大、中间小。桩身弯矩随桩体弹性模量增大而明显增大。 相似文献
11.
工程上广泛采用基于Winkler模型的层状地基反力系数法对桩土水平动力响应进行分析，该方法忽略了地基土剪切作用的影响，与工程实际有一定偏差。另外，对桩土的非线性相互作用和如扩底桩、楔形桩等变截面桩问题常用的传递矩阵法或中心差分法，计算过程较为繁琐。基于Pasternak地基模型和Adomian分解方法，提出一种考虑地基土剪切作用的桩土水平动力相互作用近似计算方法，该方法计算简便且结果精度较高，对变截面桩问题有很好的适用性；并基于该方法，对扩底桩水平动力响应问题和影响因素进行分析。结果指出，扩底半径和上部桩周土弹性模量对扩底桩水平动力响应影响较大，随着扩底半径的增加和桩周土弹性模量的增大，扩底桩水平振动位移幅值逐渐减小。另外，在较低频率的荷载激励下，应考虑土层对桩的剪切作用。 相似文献
12.
钢管桩在贯入过程中土塞效应的正确判断对打桩阻力及承载力的预测有重要影响,常用的静力平衡土塞效应判断方法主要适用于小直径钢管桩。随着海洋平台工作水深的不断增加及海上风电工程的建设,直径大于2m的大直径钢管桩被广泛采用,管桩直径的增加改变了桩管内土体的受力与变形特征。通过数值模拟方法获得砂土中不同径长比的钢管桩在打桩过程中桩周土体的破坏模式,确定采用梅耶霍夫公式计算打桩过程中桩端土体阻力,同时分析锤击惯性力对桩管内土塞的影响,提出采用拟静力平衡法判断大直径钢管桩的土塞闭塞效应。开展不同径长比管桩的室内小比尺打桩模型试验,并对实际工程中的土塞闭塞效应进行判断,验证拟静力平衡法对判断大直径钢管桩土塞效应的适用性。 相似文献
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14.
结合构建的饱和土结构性动力本构模型以及通用有限元程序,以城市高架桥梁建设中常采用的单柱墩基础为原型,建立了摩擦桩-土-结构体系、端承桩-土-结构体系的有限元-无限元计算模型。分完全粘结、滑移无开裂、开裂无滑移、开裂滑移四种情况考察了桩土界面力学行为对两种系统动力反应特性的影响,得出如下结论:无论是端承桩还是摩擦桩,界面力学行为对桩截面的剪应力和桩身水平位移分布形态影响均不大。四种情况中,完全粘结时,摩擦桩在近地表处桩截面剪应力值最大,开裂滑移时最小,而端承桩则刚好相反。水平位移分布均可分为线性增大和加速非线性增大两个阶段,以近地表处为分界点,且均以开裂滑移时最大,完全粘结时最小。界面力学行为极大地改变了端承桩桩身加速度时程的分布形态,但对摩擦桩则几乎没有改变;对于不同界面力学行为,两种桩型在近地表处均出现加速度峰值,完全粘结时值最大,开裂滑移时最小。相比摩擦桩而言,界面力学行为对端承桩的影响要大的多,研究分析时应引起足够的重视。 相似文献
15.
Bao Ngoc Nguyen Nghiem Xuan Tran Jin-Tae Han Sung-Ruyl Kim 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2018,16(12):5821-5842
A key issue in the design of pile-supported structures on sloping ground is soil–pile interaction, which becomes more complicated in case of dynamic loading. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of slope on the dynamic behavior of pile-supported structures by performing a series of centrifuge tests. Three models were prepared by varying the slope and soil density of dry sand grounds. The mass supported on 3 by 3 group piles was shaken applying sinusoidal wave with various amplitudes. Test results showed that the location of maximum values and distribution shape of the bending moment below the ground surface varied noticeably with the pile position in the slope case. The relationship between the soil resistance and pile deflection (p–yp loops) was carefully evaluated by applying the piecewise cubic spline method to fit the measured bending moment curves along piles. It was found that the shape of the p–yp loops was irregular due to the effect of slope, and immensely influenced by the movement of the unstable zone. In addition, the effect of the pile group in the horizontal case was evaluated by comparing with the previously suggested curves that represent the relationship between the soil resistance and pile–soil relative displacement (p–y curves) to propose the multiplier coefficients. 相似文献
16.
以京杭运河二通道海宁段东西大道桥某桥梁桩基为研究对象,针对陆上航道开挖穿越密集交叉点重要桥梁工程的建设施工和安全防护的科学和技术难题开展研究。运用现场勘察、室内试验和三维数值仿真技术,对研究区深厚软土地质条件下的航道开挖进行模拟计算,分析航道开挖卸载过程中邻近桥梁桩基水平偏转位移,并重点探究桥梁桩基受邻近航道开挖关于不同桩长、桩径对桩基水平偏移的影响规律。结果表明：航道开挖工程势必会引起土体扰动而造成桩基偏移,对于超长桩来说,增大桩径对于桩基水平承载力的提升与控制桩基水平倾斜帮助有限;对于软土地区桥梁桩基来说,其桩长应大于临界值,否则桩基水平承载力不足以抵消土的开挖扰动对于桩的影响力,使得桩的水平倾斜急剧增大,使之发生破坏。研究成果可为后续相类似的工程及施工提供参考依据。 相似文献
17.
Under the action of Rayleigh waves, pile head is easy to rotate with a concrete pile cap, and pure fixed-head condition is rarely achieved, which is a common phenomenon for it usually occurs on the precast piles with insufficient anchorage. In addition, the propagation characteristics of Rayleigh wave have been changed significantly due to the existence of capillary pressure and the coupling between phases in unsaturated soil, which significantly affects the pile-soil interaction. In order to study the above problems, a coupled vibration model of unsaturated soil–pile system subjected to Rayleigh waves is established on the basis that the pile cap is equivalent to a rigid mass block. Meanwhile, the soil constitution is simplified to linear-elastic and small deformations are assumed to occur during the vibration phase of soil–pile system. Then, the horizontal dynamic response of a homogeneous free-field unsaturated soil caused by propagating Rayleigh waves is obtained by using operator decomposition theory and variable separation method. The dynamic equilibrium equation of a pile is established by using the dynamic Winkler model and the Timoshenko beam theory, and the analytical solutions of the horizontal displacement, rotation angle, bending moment and shear force of pile body are derived according to the boundary conditions of flexible constraint of pile top. Based on the present solutions, the rationality of the proposed model is verified by comparing with the previous research results. Through parametric study, the influence of rotational stiffness and yield bending moment of pile top on the horizontal dynamic characteristics of Rayleigh waves induced pile is investigated in detailed. The analysis results can be utilized for the seismic design of pile foundation under Rayleigh waves. 相似文献
18.
The analytical representation of dynamic soil reaction to a laterally-loaded pile using 3D continuum modeling is revisited. The governing elastodynamic Navier equations are simplified by setting the dynamic vertical normal stresses in the soil equal to zero, which uncouples the equilibrium in vertical and horizontal directions and allows a closed-form solution to be obtained. This physically motivated approximation, correctly conforming to the existence of a free surface, was not exploited in earlier studies by Tajimi, Nogami and Novak and leads to a weaker dependence of soil response to Poisson's ratio which is in agreement with numerical solutions found in literature. The stress and displacement fields in the soil and the associated reaction to an arbitrary harmonic pile displacement are derived analytically using pertinent displacement potentials and eigenvalue expansions over the vertical coordinate. Both infinitely long piles and piles of finite length are considered. Results are presented in terms of dimensionless parameters and graphs that highlight salient aspects of the problem. A detailed discussion on wave propagation and cutoff frequencies based on the analytical findings is provided. A new dimensionless frequency parameter is introduced to demonstrate that the popular plane-strain model yields realistic values for soil reaction only at high frequencies and low Poisson's ratios. 相似文献
19.
The paper presents a numerical model for the dynamic analysis of pile groups with inclined piles in horizontally layered soil deposits. Piles are modelled with Euler–Bernoulli beams, while the soil is supposed to be constituted by independent infinite viscoelastic horizontal layers. The pile–soil–pile interaction as well as the hysteretic and geometric damping is taken into account by means of two‐dimensional elastodynamic Green's functions. Piles cap is considered by introducing a rigid constraint; the condensation of the problem permits a consistent derivation of both the dynamic impedance matrix of the soil–foundation system and the foundation input motion. These quantities are those used to perform inertial soil–structure interaction analyses in the framework of the substructure approach. Furthermore, the model allows evaluating the kinematic stress resultants in piles resulting from waves propagating in the soil deposit, taking into account the pile–soil–pile interactions. The model validation is carried out by performing accuracy analyses and comparing results in terms of dynamic impedance functions, kinematic response parameters and pile stress resultants, with those furnished by 3D refined finite element models. To this purpose, classical elastodynamic solutions are adopted to define the soil–pile interaction problem. The model results in low computational demands without significant loss of precision, compared with more rigorous approaches or refined finite element models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献