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1.
混合藻类高光谱特征及其叶绿素a分离定量模型 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用地物高光谱遥感技术,在室内进行小球藻、聚球藻及其混合藻高光谱测量.得到这3组藻的反射光谱特征,同时进行叶绿素a(Chl.a)浓度测量.利用Matlab软件中的神经网络工具箱对得到的高光谱数据进行了曲线拟合.并用拟合结果和光谱测量实际结果分别建立了两种单一藻类的定量模型单一小球藻Chl.a最优的定量模型为用反射率实际值建立的小球藻单波段反射率模型Chl.a=1×10~7(R_(687))~2-37016R_(687)+53.64.单一聚球藻Chl.a最优的定量模型为利用反射率实际值建立的聚球藻两波段模型Chl.a=853 15×[R~(-1)(669)-R~(-1)(730)]×R(730)+505.78.在对两种单一藻类定量模型研究的基础上分别用单波段反射率分离模型、三波段分离模型和两波段分离模型对由小球藻和聚球藻组成的混合藻进行了Chl.a浓度分离.其中单波段反射率分离模型和两波段分离模型得到了较好的分离结果,单波段反射率分离模型结果要优于两波段分离模型结果.利用神经网络模型拟合值构建的模型要优于直接用反射率测量值构建的模型,而三波段分离模型的分离结果不理想,不适用于本研究. 相似文献
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应用实测光谱估算千岛湖夏季叶绿素a浓度 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
依据2010年8月的实测数据构建了千岛湖水体夏季叶绿素a浓度的实测光谱数据估算模型,并进行了验证.利用ASD FieldSpec3野外光谱仪获取高光谱数据,计算水体离水辐亮度和遥感反射率.通过寻找反演水体叶绿素a浓度的高光谱敏感波段,采用单波段相关分析、波段比值、微分光谱、三波段模型、BP人工神经网络等多种算法进行比较分析,结果表明:叶绿素a浓度与单波段光谱反射率的相关性不大;596 nm和489 nm波长处反射率比值、545 nm处光谱一阶微分与叶绿素a浓度均呈较显著相关,估测模型决定系数R2分别为0.782、0.590,RMSE分别为0.89、1.98μg/L;三波段模型的反演结果优于传统的波段比值和一阶微分法,R2为0.838,RMSE为0.71μg/L;神经网络模型大大提高了叶绿素a浓度的反演精度,R2高达0.942,RMSE为0.63μg/L.本研究为今后在千岛湖水域的夏季相邻月份进行叶绿素a浓度大范围遥感反演研究奠定了基础. 相似文献
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本研究探索了铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)和蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)在单藻批式培养条件下对三种不同形态的可溶性有机磷化合物:1-磷酸-葡萄糖,环磷酸腺苷(c-AMP)和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的利用及其生长.结果表明铜绿微囊藻和蛋白核小球藻能够利用这三种有机磷源进行生长.铜绿微囊藻对三种不同形态有机磷源的利用效率由高到低依次是:1-磷酸-葡萄糖,ATP和c-AMP,尤其是对磷酸单酯类磷源——1-磷酸-葡萄糖有极高的利用效率,在该磷源培养条件下微囊藻最大藻浓度能达到正磷酸盐培养条件下的最大藻浓度.小球藻对1-磷酸-葡萄糖和ATP的利用率略高于c-AMP.总体上铜绿微囊藻对这三种有机磷源的利用能力要高于小球藻.碱性磷酸酶与藻利用有机磷的能力有重要的关系,藻对有机磷的利用能力随着胞内酶活的增加而增强.随着富营养化程度的加剧,水体中可溶性有机磷在总磷中的比例也不断升高,铜绿微囊藻对可溶性有机磷的较强利用能力,可能促使其成为富营养化水体中优势种的原因之一. 相似文献
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利用流式细胞仪研究温度对两种藻竞争的影响 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
为研究温度对微囊藻优势形成的影响,本试验利用流式细胞仪研究了不同温度时铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aerugi- nosa)与蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)间的竞争关系,在单独培养和混合培养条件下分别对两种藻细胞密度比值和细胞内叶绿素a(Chla)荧光强度进行了测定．结果表明在本试验条件下,随着温度的升高(18℃,25℃和32℃),混合培养组中微囊藻优势逐渐明显,小球藻Chla荧光强度随着温度的升高而升高,微囊藻Chla荧光强度随着温度的升高却有所降低．说明在光照适宜、高营养盐的水体中,较高的温度对铜绿微囊藻成为优势种具有明显的促进作用,进而影响着微囊藻水华的形成． 相似文献
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基于反射光谱的太湖北部叶绿素a浓度定量估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用地物光谱仪研究了太湖水体的反射光谱特征与叶绿素a浓度之间的定量关系,结果表明太湖水体的叶绿素a浓度可以用720 nm附近的反射率估算,同时也可以用806 nm和571 nm两个波段的反射率比值来估算,前者建立的估算模型具有较好的通用性,而后者只能较好的估算<10μg/L的叶绿素a浓度;通过对光谱微分的分析,发现叶绿素a浓度与690 nm附近的一阶微分和702 nm附近的二阶微分相关性最好,但基于反射光谱一阶微分的叶绿素a浓度估算模型,并没有显著的提高太湖叶绿素a浓度的估测精度,二阶微分后的估测精度好于一阶微分,但其估测精度仍没有利用720 nm反射光谱的反演模型高．太湖水体的叶绿素a浓度可以利用720 nm附近的反射光谱有效地估算． 相似文献
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吉林查干湖水体叶绿素a含量高光谱模型研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
叶绿素a含量能够在一定程度上反映水质状况,高光谱遥感可有效反演叶绿素a含量.该研究通过分析水体叶绿素a浓度与其高光谱反射特征之间的相关关系,采用单波段相关分析、波段比值、微分光谱和神经网络模型等多种算法建立了叶绿素a高光谱定量模型.结果表明:叶绿素a与单波段光谱在蓝、绿波段相关系数较低,而在红光与近红外波段有明显提高,微分光谱也表现出同样的趋势;反射率比值算法模拟效果好于线性回归法;神经元网络模型可以大大提高实测光谱数据的反演能力,确定性系数高达0.95.这为今后利用星载高光谱传感器在查干湖进行叶绿素a浓度大面积遥感反演提供了研究基础. 相似文献
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NDCI法Ⅱ类水体叶绿素a浓度高光谱遥感数据估算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以太湖、巢湖为研究区,以Hyperion和HJ-1A卫星HSI高光谱数据以及实测水质浓度数据为实验数据,引入归一化叶绿素指数(NDCI),对Ⅱ类水体的高光谱叶绿素a浓度估算进行分析研究.首先对高光谱数据的光谱通道设置以及水体光谱特征进行分析,研究确定模型的最优波段.然后,将确定最优波段后的NDCI反射率因子作为变量与实测样本点数据进行回归分析,得到NDCI与叶绿素a浓度之间的回归关系,进行叶绿素a浓度的估算.与常用的比值法、一阶微分法和三波段法相比,NDCI的性能优于这3种方法,表明NDCI是一种计算简单、估算精度高、实用性强的Ⅱ类水体叶绿素a浓度估算方法. 相似文献
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在不同的光照强度下,测定了铜绿微囊藻、斜生栅藻在不同生长期的藻细胞密度、粒径、叶绿素a浓度、浮游植物吸收系数以及比吸收系数.单因素方差分析表明,在整个培养周期中,光照强度对铜绿微囊藻及斜生栅藻的藻细胞密度、叶绿素a浓度以及440、675 nm处吸收系数均有着显著的影响.两种藻在光照强度为50μmol/(m2.s)条件下,藻细胞密度、叶绿素a浓度及吸收系数值相对最大.相关性分析表明:藻类特征波段440、675 nm吸收系数与叶绿素a浓度、藻细胞密度在不同光照条件下都存在着显著的正相关性,其中叶绿素a浓度与藻类吸收系数存在着幂函数的关系,而线性关系能更好的说明藻细胞密度与吸收系数之间的关系.在不同光照强度及培养时期,藻类比吸收系数在一定的范围内波动,随光强增加比吸收系数呈上升趋势.铜绿微囊藻440、675 nm处比吸收系数与叶绿素a浓度呈显著的负相关关系,而斜生栅藻比吸收系数与叶绿素a浓度之间无显著相关,体现了不同藻类由于色素组成及比例差异其色素包裹效应也各不相同.对不同光照强度下的铜绿微囊藻及斜生栅藻进行400～700 nm波段积分,得到了两者在5、50及100μmol/(m2.s)不同种光强下的平均比吸收系数分别为0.0144、0.0134、0.0160,0.0086、0.0088、0.0105 m2/(mg Chl.a),铜绿微囊藻比吸收系数明显大于斜生栅藻. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3)
Abstract Remote sensing technology is being conceived as a cost-effective tool to monitor the eutrophication problem in shallow inland lakes and reservoirs. The objective of this study is to develop hyperspectral remote sensing algorithms for chlorophyll and accessory pigments retrieval in the Ishizuchi Reservoir in Japan. The laboratory reflectance data of 207 field samples with manipulated pigment and suspended sediment concentrations were measured between 400 and 700 nm with a hyperspectral spectroradiometer, and integrated into 60 contiguous narrow bands. Band ratio and spectral absorption algorithms were developed by regression analysis with the observed chlorophyll measurements, and their estimation accuracies were evaluated using the RMSE of the estimates. Algorithms developed from spectral absorption ratios a(675 nm)/a*(675 nm) for five different classes of total pigment concentrations were more accurate than the algorithms based on band ratios Rrs (538 nm)/Rrs (488 nm), Rrs (581 nm)/Rrs (463 nm) and Rrs (674 nm)/Rrs (622 nm) as a result of removing the influence of overlapping absorption and scattering by water molecules and suspended solids from total absorption spectra. 相似文献
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太湖3种优势微囊藻对不同形态磷的吸收利用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
微囊藻(Microcystis)是最常见的淡水水华蓝藻,它们对磷营养盐的竞争力是其成为优势种的最主要影响因素.本文以太湖水华中的3种优势微囊藻(Microcystis flos-aquae,Microcystis wesenbergii和Microcystis aeruginosa)为材料,比较研究了它们对正磷酸盐(K2HPO4)、三聚磷酸盐(Na5P3O10)、小分子溶解态有机磷(葡萄糖-6-磷酸,G-6-P)和大分子溶解态有机磷(卵磷脂)的吸收和利用能力.结果发现,3种微囊藻对4种磷形态有明显的嗜好.当磷浓度为0.2 mg/L时,M. flosaquae只在正磷酸盐下生长最快,M. wesenbergii在三聚磷酸盐和大、小分子有机磷下生长最快,M. aeruginosa在所有磷形态下生长都最慢.而当磷浓度为2.0 mg/L时,M. flos-aquae在所有形态磷下生长都最快.在2种磷浓度下M. wesenbergii都表现出最高的溶解态无机磷比例和光合活性Fv/Fm.以上结果说明,3种藻在磷形态利用方面存在明显的互补性差异,即低磷浓度下M. wesenbergii适宜利用的磷形态更多,高磷浓度下M. flos-aquae适宜利用的磷形态更多,而不论磷浓度高低,M. aeruginosa对4种形态磷的适应性最差.由此可知,可利用磷形态的丰富性只是部分优势微囊藻的竞争策略. 相似文献
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实时荧光定量PCR方法检测南太湖入湖口产毒微囊藻 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
南太湖入湖口产毒微囊藻的丰度对于周边县市取水口的水质安全和太湖水质有着重要影响.以藻毒素合成酶基因mcyE/ndaF为靶基因,建立实时荧光定量PCR检测产毒微囊藻的方法,并对南太湖入湖口7个监测点水样中产毒微囊藻的丰度进行检测,结果表明:该实时荧光定量PCR方法的特异性强及准确性、重复性较好.建立铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)的标准曲线方程为y=-3.454x+49.88,斜率为-3.454,R~2=0.991,扩增效率E为94.6%,定量检测区间为1.689×10~4~1.689×10~8拷贝数/μl.对南太湖入湖口7个监测点检测表明,夹浦和合溪2个监测点的产毒微囊藻数量最高,预测产毒微囊藻浓度分别为(1.99±0.35)×10~5和(1.47±0.23)×10~5cells/ml.7个监测点的产毒微囊藻的种类较为一致,均为铜绿微囊藻.该方法可以快速准确地检测水体中微囊藻毒素产毒藻种种类和数量,为蓝藻水华监测、预警提供技术依据. 相似文献
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结合高光谱数据反演吉林石头口门水库悬浮物含量和透明度 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
水中悬浮物含量是评价水环境质量的一个重要参数,它可影响水体透明度、混浊度、水色等光学性质,决定太阳光照在水下的分布和浮游植物对光照的利用,并最终影响水体的初级生产力.本文利用长春市石头口门水库的高光谱实测数据和水质采样分析数据,尝试通过一阶微分法建立悬浮物估测模型,再用估测结果反演透明度信息.结果表明:用590nm处的一阶微分光谱值建立的悬浮物估测模型的决定系数R2和均方根误差(RMSE)分别为0.76、9.09 mg/L,验证模型的R2和RMSE分别为0.79、7.15 mg/L;石头口门水库上游严重的水土流失导致透明度受悬浮物含量影响较大,两者存在明显的指数关系,相关系数r为-0.80,用悬浮物含量建立的透明度估测模型的R2和RMSE分别为0.79和0.12 m,验证模型的R2和RMSE分别为0.82、0.11 m.显著水平均为p＜0.01.研究结果表明,该方法用于石头口门水库悬浮物含量和透明度的定量遥感结果较理想. 相似文献
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Laboratory experiments were used to study the sensitivity of both male and female Daphnia magna to a toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa. Male and female D. magna were fed with M. aeruginosa and a green alga (Scenedesmus obliquus) in different mixtures that included 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% Microcystis. Growth of both males and females declined with increasing proportion of Microcystis in the diet. Males were slightly less sensitive to Microcystis than females with EC50 for growth inhibition at 72% and 63% Microcystis in the diet, respectively. On monospecific Microcystis diet, mortality rates for males (0.16 d–1) and females (0.17 d–1) were similar. The reproductive rate of females was the most sensitive endpoint with an EC50 of 42% Microcystis in the diet, whereas population growth rates were the least sensitive (EC50 of 74% Microcystis). Microcystis in the diet severely depressed growth and reproduction in Daphnia and poses a severe threat to its survival in which only a switch in reproductive strategy might provide Daphnia a refuge to a Microcystis environment that gradually becomes uninhabitable. 相似文献
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Alejandro Federico Alva-Martínez Roci Fernndez S.S.S. Sarma S. Nandini 《Limnologica》2009,39(4):302-305
Brachionus havanaensis is a common planktonic rotifer sometimes found together with Brachionus calyciflorus in Microcystis-infected waterbodies in México. Here, we evaluate the impact of mixed diets (dry weight basis, 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% Microcystis or Chlorella) on the growth of and competition between B. calyciflorus and B. havanaensis. In general, a higher proportion of Microcystis aeruginosa in the diet resulted in decreased population growth rate of both rotifer species. Whether grown separately or together, B. havanaensis was always numerically more abundant than B. calyciflorus, regardless of the proportion of Microcystis in the diet. However, when both species were grown together, the impact of M. aeruginosa in the diet had a more adverse effect on B. calyciflorus than on B. havanaensis. When grown alone, both rotifer species showed better population growth on a diet of 75% Chlorella and 25% Microcystis than either 100% Chlorella or Microcystis. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(4):808-824
Abstract We report results of three field campaigns conducted at 39 stations. At each station, we measured reflectance spectra in situ and collected water samples for measuring chlorophyll a (CHL) and suspended solids (SS) concentrations in the laboratory. To identify the indicative bands and develop suitable estimation models for CHL (C CHL) and SS (C SS) concentrations in Taihu Lake, a spectral-feature method and a derivative method were applied. The following conclusions were drawn: (a) the critical C CHL and C SS probably causing their spectral variation are, respectively: 0, 10, 50 and 75 μg L?1, and 0, 10, 50 and 100 mg L?1; (b) the derivative method is better than the spectral-feature method for estimating C CHL and C SS; (c) the optimal variable for CHL is a reflectance second-order derivative at 501 nm or a reflectance first-order derivative at 698 nm; the optimal variable for SS can change when its concentration is low and the range is narrow; otherwise, the optimal variable is a reflectance first-order derivative at 878 nm; and (d) the CHL and SS have an effect on one another's retrieval. The C CHL estimation accuracy would benefit from narrowing the C SS range. With C CHL increasing and its range broadening, the corresponding C SS estimation accuracy decreases gradually. 相似文献
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风生紊流导致微囊藻群体破碎和形态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
微囊藻群体大小和形态决定其垂向迁移能力,从而影响着水华的形成.为了探讨湖泊中风生紊流对微囊藻群体大小和形态的影响,本研究于2012年8月26日至9月7日在太湖梅梁湾的围隔内进行了12 d的昼夜不间断的高频采样（采样间隔每2小时一次）.研究期间,水面微囊藻密度呈现4次周期性消涨,藻密度变化范围为4×104~2671×104 cells/mL.而整个水柱中的藻密度变化范围仅为3×104~18×104 cells/mL.皮尔逊相关性分析表明微囊藻的原位生长速率与表面藻密度呈负相关而与风速呈正相关.强风速使微囊藻在水柱中均匀分散,增强了透光性,促进了微囊藻的生长.微囊藻群体粒径随着风速的增大逐渐减小,反之亦然.其中值粒径（D50）变化范围为66.2~768.0 μm.在此期间微囊藻群体形态主要以鱼害微囊藻、不规则的惠氏微囊藻、球状的惠氏微囊藻和铜绿微囊藻群体形态为主,其占比也呈现出波动状态.皮尔逊相关分析结果显示微囊藻群体大小与风速呈负相关,说明湖泊中风生紊流会影响微囊藻群体大小.当紊流强度为2.33×10-5 m2/s3时,微囊藻群体会发生破碎现象,该紊流强度相当于5 m/s的风在30 m深的水库或湖泊中所产生的紊流强度.微囊藻群体被风生紊流破碎后最大粒径与该风速下紊流的最小涡旋尺度相近,表明紊流的最小涡旋尺度决定了微囊藻所能形成群体的最终大小.监测期间,整水柱中不同群体形态的微囊藻占比发生了明显变化,在监测初期以鱼害微囊藻群体形态为主,随后不规则的惠氏微囊藻和铜绿微囊藻群体形态的比例不断增加,最后鱼害微囊藻群体形态又占据主导地位.球状的惠氏微囊藻群体形态在整个监测期中的比例随时间的增加而逐渐降低.不同群体形态微囊藻之间比例的大幅变化无法用微囊藻生长演替来解释.而皮尔逊相关分析结果显示鱼害微囊藻与惠氏微囊藻（不规则的和球状的惠氏微囊藻之和）群体形态之间存在负相关,且惠氏微囊藻与铜绿微囊藻群体形态呈负相关.但在今后研究中需进一步关注在微囊藻群体形态的动态变化过程中细胞大小、胶被、产毒特性和基因序列等特征,从而验证不同种微囊藻群体是否存在形态转换这一猜想.总而言之,普通强度的风生紊流能够破碎微囊藻群体,而气候变化导致的内陆湖泊周边风速下降会促使微囊藻形成更大的群体,从而有利于水华的形成. 相似文献
20.
The composition of bound amino acids was studied in selected types of green and blue-green plankton algae by means of a new elaborated method, using paper chromatography at the triple development of the chromatogram in the set-up: butanol: acetic acid: water at the rate of 4 : 1 : 5. Algologically and bacterially pure cultures of the green algae Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Pediastrum boryanum, Scendesmus obliquus and of the blue-green algae Anacystis nidulans, Microcystis pulverea and Microcystis aeruginosa were cultivated in inorganic and in organic medium. The contents of amino acids in green algae were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in relation to their physiologic condition (phase of logarithmic growth, phase of stagnation) and to the method of nutrition. The results were compared with the contents of amino acids in blue-green algae obtained in monocultures from freshwater at blue-green algae water blooms. The composition of bound amino acids was studied in selected types of green and blue-green plankton algae by means of a new elaborated method, using paper chromatography at the triple development of the chromatogram in the set-up: butanol: acetic acid: water at the rate of 4 : 1 : 5. Algologically and bacterially pure cultures of the green algae Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Pediastrum boryanum, Scendesmus obliquus and of the blue-green algae Anacystis nidulans, Microcystis pulverea and Microcystis aeruginosa were cultivated in inorganic and in organic medium. The contents of amino acids in green algae were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in relation to their physiologic condition (phase of logarithmic growth, phase of stagnation) and to the method of nutrition. The results were compared with the contents of amino acids in blue-green algae obtained in monocultures from freshwater at blue-green algae water blooms. The following amino acids were found in the organismus of primary production: alanine, aspartic acid, arginine, cysteine, glutamic acid, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, proline, serine and glycine, threonine, tryptophane, tyrosine and valine. The following amino acids were predominant from the quantitative aspect: glutamic acid, threonine and serine and glycine. The composition of amino acids in green algae cultivated in an inorganic medium did not differ significantly from cultures cultivated in an organic medium. Differences in the quantitative composition of the individual amino acids were ascertained with green algae in relation to their physiologic condition. 相似文献