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1.
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z1)
Based on the examination of the global researches on oil and gas provinces and large gas fields and the analysis of the features,attributes and distribution of large gas provinces and gas fields,this paper puts forward three indicators of determining large oil and gas provinces:spatial indicator,reservoir-forming indicator and resource indicator.It classifies the gas accumulated areas and large gas provinces in China and analyzes the controlling factors on the distribution of large gas provinces and large gas fields:the lateral distribution is mainly controlled by high-energy sedimentary facies and constructive diagenetic facies,palaeo-highs and their periclinal zones,deep faults,etc,and the vertical distribution is mainly controlled by unconformities,series of evaporates and deep low-velocity highly-conductive beds,etc.It also reveals the main geological characteristics of large gas provinces and large gas fields in China.Large gas fields in four-type basins have their own characteristics and onland large gas fields are dominantly developed in foreland basins and craton basins;there are three types of gas sources,of which,coal is the main source with high gas generating intensity and varying origins;reservoir rocks of the large gas fields(provinces)are of various types and dominated generally by low-middle permeability and porosity pore-type reservoirs;structural traps and litho-stratigraphic traps coexist in Chinese large gas fields and form dense high abundance and large-area low and middle-abundance large gas fields;most of the large gas fields have late hydrocarbon-generation peaks and reservoir formation,and experienced the process of multiple-stage charging and late finalization; large gas provinces(fields)have good sealing and preservation conditions,and evaporates seals are largely developed in large and extra-large gas fields.This paper intends to shed light on the exploration and development of large gas fields(provinces)through analyzing their geological characteristics. 相似文献
2.
Based on the examination of the global researches on oil and gas provinces and large gas fields and the analysis of the features, attributes and distribution of large gas provinces and gas fields, this paper puts forward three indicators of determining large oil and gas provinces: spatial indicator, reservoir-forming indicator and resource indicator. It classifies the gas accumulated areas and large gas provinces in China and analyzes the controlling factors on the distribution of large gas provinces and large gas fields: the lateral distribution is mainly controlled by high-energy sedimentary facies and constructive diagenetic facies, palaeo-highs and their periclinal zones, deep faults, etc, and the vertical distribution is mainly controlled by unconformities, series of evaporates and deep low-velocity highly-conductive beds, etc. It also reveals the main geological characteristics of large gas provinces and large gas fields in China. Large gas fields in four-type basins have their own characteristics and onland large gas fields are dominantly developed in foreland basins and craton basins; there are three types of gas sources, of which, coal is the main source with high gas generating intensity and varying origins; reservoir rocks of the large gas fields (provinces) are of various types and dominated generally by low-middle permeability and porosity pore-type reservoirs; structural traps and litho-stratigraphic traps coexist in Chinese large gas fields and form dense high abundance and large-area low and middle-abundance large gas fields; most of the large gas fields have late hydrocarbon-generation peaks and reservoir formation, and experienced the process of multiple-stage charging and late finalization; large gas provinces (fields) have good sealing and preservation conditions, and evaporates seals are largely developed in large and extra-large gas fields. This paper intends to shed light on the exploration and development of large gas fields (provinces) through analyzing their geological characteristics. 相似文献
3.
雄关漫道真如铁——论中国油气二次创业 总被引：17，自引：19，他引：17
半个多世纪以来，中国经历了油气资源的第一次创业，在祖国大陆和近海大陆架地区的新生代陆相碎屑岩沉积盆地中，发现了一批油气田，使原油年产量达1．67亿吨，位居世界第五，天然气疸这241亿立方米，居世界第十五位，成绩是巨大的，但是，1993年开始进口原油3000万吨，2000年进口原油7200万吨，严重影响国家经济建设，而且这种趋势还在不断发展，预测2010年将进口原油1亿吨，天然气200亿立方米，那么，中国油气资源的出路何在？作者指出，从中国大地构造演化来看，前新生代海相残留盆地还有巨大的油气潜力，尽管其勘探的难度是世界级的，但是，只要我们切实地依靠科学技术，进行油气资源的二次创业，困难上，在实践中克服困难，就可以发现更多的石油天然气，支持国家经济建设的持续发展。 相似文献
4.
中国近海前新生代残留盆地初探 总被引：32，自引：18，他引：14
中国近海沉积盆地按形成时代可以划分为新生代盆地和前新生代盆地。新生代陆相碎屑岩断陷盆地有良好的油气前景,而古生代还有广泛海相碳酸盐岩分布地区,只要它们经受中生代挤压,改造后还能保留下来,就具有巨大的油气潜力。初步分析中国近海的油气勘探资料及大地构造演化史表明,陆内断坳盆地下伏以古生代碳酸盐岩为主的残留盆地。而陆缘盆地并不是寻找古生代残留盆地的场所。但在台西南盆地,珠江口盆地潮汕坳陷发育海相中生代盆 相似文献
5.
中国海包括专属经济区和大陆架约为300万平方公里.海域是我国油气资源可持续发展战略中重要组成部分，而其中残留盆地则是“油气二次创业”的主战场.本文从三个角度分析了中国海域的勘探潜力：1）巨大的勘探空间；海域大，新生代盆地及其前新生代残留盆地勘探面积巨大；2）巨大的技术空间，勘探程度及勘探技术水平均明显低于陆上油气区勘探水平；3）巨大的资源空间，海域具有优越的石油地质条件，不但有新生代成油气体系而且有前新生代含油气系统.有21亿吨以上有待发现的资源量.这表明，中国海域具有资源上的巨大潜力有待发掘，勘探前景极为广阔. 相似文献
6.
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z1)
China sedimentary basins present abundant natural gas resource thanks to its unique geological settings.Marine highly-matured hydrocarbon source rocks,widespread coal-measure strata and low temperature Quaternary saline strata,etc.,indicate the wide foreground of China natural gas resources. Up to now,most of the petroliferous basins have been discovered to have wholesale natural gas accumulation from Precambrian,Paleozoic,Mesozoic to Cenozoic in the east,the central,the west and the coast of China.These large and medium-scale gas reservoirs are mainly composed of hydrocarbon gas with big dry coefficient,tiny non-hydrocarbon,wide carbon isotope distribution and varying origin types,the hydrocarbon gas includes coal-formed gas,oil-formed gas,biogenic gas and inorganic gas, etc.Coal-formed gas is the main type of China natural gas resources,in particular several explored large-scale gas fields(>100 billion cubic meter)of Kela 2,Sulige and Daniudi,etc.,they all belong to coal-formed gas fields or the gas fields consisting mostly of coal-formed gas.Oil-formed gas is also abundant in China marine basins,for example marine natural gas of Sichuan Basin generated from crude oil cracking gas.Primary and secondary biogenic gas fields were discovered respectively in the Qaidam Basin and Western Slope of Songliao Basin.In addition,inorganic gases are mainly distributed in the eastern China,in particular the Songliao Basin with abundant carbon dioxide accumulation,indicating that the eastern China present large exploration potential of inorganic gas. 相似文献
7.
The structural activities took place extensively in the Asia continent during the Cenozoic era owing to the strong continent-to-continent
collision and continuous compression between the India Plate and the Eurasia Plate. Huang Jiqing called such structural activities
Himalayan movement. China’s sedimentary basins developed and took shape mainly during the Himalayan movement period. It is
also the main period for formation and development of the oil and gas reservoirs. Of 366 large and medium-sized oil and gas
fields currently found in China, 212 reservoirs were formed in the Neogene-Quaternary period. The proportion is as high as
68.2%. The oil and gas migration and accumulation in the latest geological period, which were controlled by the times, properties,
styles and strength of the Himalayan movement, took place mainly in eight regions, such as the low uplift area of Bohai Sea,
the onshore faulted sag area of Bohai Bay, anticlinorium zone in Daqing, the foreland fold-and-thrust belt in West China,
the tilted structural zone in West China, the cratonic palaeohigh in the Tarim Basin, the zone of fault and fold belt in the
East Sichuan Basin, and the biological gas zone in the East Qaidam Basin. The oil and gas pool formations in those regions
have their own characteristics. With the great potential and broad prospect, those regions are the main exploration areas
in China in the future. 相似文献
8.
前新生代海相残留盆地 总被引：66，自引：27，他引：39
依据中国海陆大在构造演化史可知，前新生代有广泛的海相碳酸盐分布，虽然中生代烃受了严重的挤压、改造，但现在仍存在部分富含油气的残留盆地，可利用地震前深度偏移技术和综合地球物理方法进行勘查，这是我国油气资源战略勘查的二次创业。 相似文献
9.
油气勘探综合地球物理研究方法综述 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7
目前我国油气勘探难度不断加大，前新生代海相碳酸盐岩残留量地已成为我国油气资源二次创业的突破口。面对复杂地质体，只有综合应用各种地球物理现到数据，各种方法采长补短才能获得对目标的较全面地认识。本文阐述了油气勘探进行踪合地球物理研究的必要性、综合地球物理研究方法的应用现状和主要进展以及研究方法，指出油气勘探的发展方向要走综合地球物理研究的路子、区域制约局部，深层约数浅层是综合地球物理研究的原则；物性的研究是综合地球物理的前提；而联合反演是综合地球物理的实质。通过对综合地球物理研究成功实例的总结，提出综合地球物理研究中的难点和待解决的问题，指出了今后综合地球物理的发展方向。 相似文献
10.
热演化历史的研究对于盆地分析和油气勘探具有重要意义.北黄海盆地是中国近海海域油气勘探程度较低的盆地之一,迄今未见专门的热演化研究报道.笔者利用北黄海盆地中生代砂岩的磷灰石裂变径迹分析结果,结合地质条件约束,模拟获得了中生代以来盆地的热演化史.结果表明,北黄海盆地经历了两次增温和两次冷却的热演化过程,并在100-80 Ma时盆地的热历史出现明显变化,表明在晚白垩世北黄海盆地发生过一次较大的构造-热事件.磷灰石裂变径迹分析所表明的北黄海盆地的热历史与盆地原型演化阶段相对应,而这种热历史和盆地的演化过程与区域构造背景相关.磷灰石裂变径迹所揭示的热演化史对于深化认识北黄海盆地的地质演化过程和油气勘探潜力具有重要意义. 相似文献
11.
由于长期以来东北地区晚古生代的构造属性一直被认为是海西期褶皱带或碰撞造山带,而一直被作为中、新生代盆地的变质结晶基底成为油气勘查的禁区,限制了古生界的油气勘探和开发."佳木斯—兴蒙地块"新认识及二连盆地赛51井取得的石炭纪碳酸盐岩油藏的发现,开辟了二连盆地古生界油气勘探的新领域.本文对二连盆地3条典型的CEMP电测量资料进行了二维电阻率反演,结合研究区地震反射资料、钻孔电测井资料、钻井岩芯资料、岩石露头资料,揭示了二连盆地具有"三明治"的电性结构特征,同时指出二连盆地古生界广泛分布,在古生界与中生界之间广泛分布一套以玄武岩、安山岩、凝灰岩等为主的火山岩.这种"三明治"电性结构特征不但给古生界的研究提供了线索和依据,而且火山岩(高阻层)与其下伏古生界地层(低阻层)之间可形成良好的储盖组合(或生储盖组合),其对于古生界油气勘探的研究具有重要的意义.同时,认为二连盆地中、新生界和古生界的构造沉积演化主要经历了4个重要阶段,即:泥盆纪的南北差异性升降阶段、石炭-二叠纪的地层稳定沉积阶段、三叠纪-晚侏罗世的古生代盆地被改造和中新生代盆地构造格架形成的重要演化阶段以及中新生代的地层沉积阶段. 相似文献
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依据大地电磁测深所发现的上地幔高导层顶面深度可以给出大陆岩石圈-软流圈界面(LAB)的空间发育特征,为认识岩石圈结构及壳幔相互作用等提供重要信息.本文在1996年编制的中国大陆上地幔高导层顶面深度图的基础上,补充了1995—2010年大地电磁测深结果和大地热流数据,以1°×1°网度编制了新的中国大陆上地幔高导层顶面深度图.我国上地幔高导层顶面深度变化很大,具有南北分带,东西分块的特征,呈东浅、西深、北浅、南深的格局,从最浅的50~60km到最深的230km,平均深度为100~120km.据上地幔高导层顶面分布形态,全国共可划分出27个隆起区.通过与中国已知内生金属矿产和油气田的分布对比,发现我国大陆80%以上中生代内生金属矿床分布在上地幔高导层隆起带或其梯度带上方.中国大陆东部含油气盆地主体对应上地幔隆起区,油气田多位于隆起区上方或其边部的过渡带上;西部主体位于幔坳区,主要油气田对应盆地中心的幔坳向周边幔隆过渡的梯度带上;中部表现为仅盆地腹地对应幔坳,盆地周边对应规模较大的上地幔隆起带,主要油气田位于隆起带.总的来看内生金属矿床一般分布在上地幔隆起区靠近造山带一侧,而油气田一般分布在上地幔隆起区靠近盆地一侧.软流圈的不断上隆,造成岩石圈减薄、拉张,张性断裂的出现成为地球深部物质和热量向地壳上部运移的有利通道,为内生金属矿产的形成提供了成矿物质和能量保障,也为含油气盆地带来了生烃催化剂、热能和无机成因的石油与天然气.地球深部超临界流体的存在对上地幔高导层的形成、成矿物质运移可能发挥了重要作用. 相似文献
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南海的油气资源极为丰富，享有“第二个波斯湾”的美誉.南海地貌类型多样，地形复杂，其战略位置极为重要，是东亚及相邻各国必经之路.资源之争，使得周边各国使出浑身解数，发展海洋经济与技术，1981年至2002年，越南就从南沙海域的油田中开采了1亿吨石油、15亿多立方米的天然气，获利250亿美元，南海石油已成为越南国民经济的第一大支柱产业.近半世纪中国南海油气勘探工作取得巨大的成就，发现了26个新生代盆地，取得了南海海域的基本石油地质成果，为南海的勘探开发奠定了基础.南海具有巨大的勘探空间及技术发展空间，每一次的技术进步，都会带来南海油气勘探的质的飞跃. 相似文献
17.
《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,(Z2)
The Tan-Lu fault zone across the eastern margin of the Cenozoic basins offshore the Bohai Sea is a NNE-trending right-lateral strike-slip fault system developed in the Cenozoic basin cover. It cuts through NE-to NNE-striking major extensional faults that controlled the formation of Paleogene basins. Recent petroleum exploration indicates that Cenozoic structural activities of the Tan-Lu fault system have directly or indirectly affected oil and gas distribution offshore the Bohai Sea. As part of a deep fault zone the Tan-Lu fault zone has been activated since the Oligocene,and obviously affected the tectonic evolution of offshore Bohai basins since then. The formation of Paleogene rift basins offshore the Bohai Sea has utilized the pre-existing structural elements of the Tan-Lu fault zone that developed in the late Mesozoic. 相似文献
18.
北黄海盆地是我国近海海域尚未取得油气勘探突破的盆地之一.在海洋环境中应用海底油气藏的烃渗漏现象寻找油气有利区具有良好应用前景,为了给该区的含油气远景评价及下一步油气勘探缩小靶区提供地球物理依据,本文利用磁法这一经济、有效的油气渗漏异常地球物理判别手段,开展了识别海底烃渗漏引发磁异常的方法研究.给出一种根据“有导师”的模式识别技术,在充分利用磁异常多种数值特征及纹理特征的基础上,提取烃渗漏蚀变带磁异常的方法.通过已知约束信息（如见油井位等）的点、线、面三种基元及其邻近数据网格点组成基类,将其提取的模式或特征向量作为待识别异常匹配或学习的模板,利用加权欧氏距离函数计算待识别异常特征向量与模板向量之间的相似性,进行模式匹配,从而识别出与模板相似程度较高的异常.应用此方法圈定了北黄海盆地的烃渗漏“磁亮点”分布,从“磁亮点”异常区与中生代地层的分布以及地球化学异常（低层大气烃类检测和海底微生物异常）的对应情况来看,表明该识别方法是识别烃渗漏弱磁异常的一种有效手段.对研究区构造特征、磁异常及地球化学异常特征的综合分析表明,位于北黄海研究区东部和北部的“磁亮点”异常区可能是北黄海盆地较好的含油气远景区. 相似文献
19.
The plate tectonic setting and genetic types of the gas (oil)-bearing basins in China are studied. Based on the history of
break-up and amalgamation of Pangea, the three tectonic evolutionary megastages can be divided and the sedimentary basins
in China are classified as Palaeowic and Meso-Cenozoic basins. The Palaeozoic gas (oil) bearing basins are mainly located
in intracratonic basins, on which different types of Meso-Cenozoic basins are superimposed, and located in cratonic marginal
basins and aulacogens destroyed with a slight degree. In contrast, the Mesozoic and Cenozoic gas (oil)-bearing basins mainly
formed in extensional foreland and intracontinental shortening flexural basins. 相似文献