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1.
Envelope‐based pushover analysis procedure for the approximate seismic response analysis of buildings 
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下载免费PDF全文 An envelope‐based pushover analysis procedure is presented that assumes that the seismic demand for each response parameter is controlled by a predominant system failure mode that may vary according to the ground motion. To be able to simulate the most important system failure modes, several pushover analyses need to be performed, as in a modal pushover analysis procedure, whereas the total seismic demand is determined by enveloping the results associated with each pushover analysis. The demand for the most common system failure mode resulting from the ‘first‐mode’ pushover analysis is obtained by response history analysis for the equivalent ‘modal‐based’ SDOF model, whereas demand for other failure modes is based on the ‘failure‐based’ SDOF models. This makes the envelope‐based pushover analysis procedure equivalent to the N2 method provided that it involves only ‘first‐mode’ pushover analysis and response history analysis of the corresponding ‘modal‐based’ SDOF model. It is shown that the accuracy of the approximate 16th, 50th and 84th percentile response expressed in terms of IDA curves does not decrease with the height of the building or with the intensity of ground motion. This is because the estimates of the roof displacement and the maximum storey drift due to individual ground motions were predicted with a sufficient degree of accuracy for almost all the ground motions from the analysed sets. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
An overview of the applicability of a typical single‐mode pushover method (the N2 method) and two typical multi‐mode pushover methods (the modal pushover analysis (MPA) and incremental response spectrum analysis (IRSA) methods) for the analysis of single column bent viaducts in the transverse direction is presented. Previous research, which was limited to relatively short viaducts supported by few columns, has been extended to longer viaducts with more bents. The single‐mode N2 method is accurate enough for bridges where the effective modal mass of the fundamental mode is at least 80% of the total mass. The applicability of this method depends on (a) the ratio of the stiffness of the superstructure to that of the bents and (b) the strength of the bents. In short bridges with few columns, the accuracy of the N2 method increases as the seismic intensity increases, whereas in long viaducts (e.g. viaducts with lengths greater than 500 m) the method is in general less effective. In the case of the analyzed moderately irregular long viaducts, which are common in construction design practice, the MPA method performed well. For the analysis of bridges where the modes change significantly, depending on the seismic intensity, the IRSA method is in principle more appropriate, unless a viaduct is torsionally sensitive. In such cases, all simplified methods should be used with care. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
The N2 method has been extended in order to take into account higher mode effects in elevation. The extension is based on the assumption that the structure remains in the elastic range when vibrating in higher modes. The seismic demand in terms of displacements and storey drifts can be obtained by enveloping the results of basic pushover analysis and the results of standard elastic modal analysis. The approach is consistent with the extended N2 method used for plan‐asymmetric buildings. The proposed procedure was applied to three variants of three steel frame buildings used in the SAC project. The structural response was investigated for two sets of ground motions. Different ground motion intensities were used in order to investigate the influence of the magnitude of plastic deformations. The N2 results were compared with the results of nonlinear response‐history analysis, two other pushover‐based methods (modal pushover analysis (MPA) and modified MPA (MMPA)), and pushover analysis without consideration of higher modes. It was found that a considerable influence of higher modes on storey drifts is present at the upper part of medium‐and high‐rise structures. This effect is the largest in the case of elastic behaviour and decreases with ground motion intensity. The higher mode effects also depend on the spectral shape. The approximate methods (extended N2, MPA and MMPA) are able to provide fair estimates of response in the case of the test examples. Accuracy decreases with the height of the building, and with the intensity of ground motion. The N2 results are generally conservative. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
The paper reviews the uncoupled modal response history analysis (UMRHA) and modal pushover analysis (MPA) procedure in the analysis of asymmetric structures. From the pushover curves in ADRS format, showing the relationships of base shear versus roof translation and base torque versus roof rotation, a bifurcating characteristic of the pushover curves of an asymmetric structure is observed. A two‐degree‐of‐freedom (2DOF) modal stick is constructed using lump mass eccentrically placed at the end of beam which is connected with the column by a rotational spring. By converting the equation of motion of a whole structure into 2DOF modal equations, all of the elastic properties in the 2DOF modal sticks can be determined accurately. A mathematical proof is carried out to demonstrate that the 2DOF modal stick is consistent with the single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) modal stick at elastic state. The bifurcating characteristic of modal pushover curves and the interaction of modal translation and rotation can be considered rationally by this 2DOF modal stick. In order to verify the effectiveness of this proposed 2DOF modal stick, a two‐storey asymmetric building structure was analysed by the UMRHA procedure incorporating this novel 2DOF modal sticks (2DMPA) and conventional SDOF modal sticks (SDMPA), respectively. The analytical results are compared with those obtained by nonlinear response history analysis (RHA). It is illustrated that the accuracy of the rotational response histories obtained by 2DMPA is much better than those obtained by SDMPA. Consequently, the estimations of translational response histories on flexible side (FS) and stiff side (SS) of the building structure are also improved. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
Nonlinear static (pushover) analysis has become a popular tool during the last decade for the seismic assessment of buildings. Nevertheless, its main advantage of lower computational cost compared to nonlinear dynamic time‐history analysis (THA) is counter‐balanced by its inherent restriction to structures wherein the fundamental mode dominates the response. Extension of the pushover approach to consider higher modes effects has attracted attention, but such work has hitherto focused mainly on buildings, while corresponding work on bridges has been very limited. Hence, the aim of this study is to adapt the modal pushover analysis procedure for the assessment of bridges, and investigate its applicability in the case of an existing, long and curved, bridge, designed according to current seismic codes; this bridge is assessed using three nonlinear static analysis methods, as well as THA. Comparative evaluation of the calculated response of the bridge illustrates the applicability and potential of the modal pushover method for bridges, and quantifies its relative accuracy compared to that obtained through other inelastic methods. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
6.
结构Pushover分析的侧向力分布及高阶振型影响 总被引：52，自引：8，他引：44
Pushover分析方法是逐渐得到广泛应用的一种评估结构抗震性能的简化方法,已被引入我国新的建筑结构抗震设计规范。侧向力分布的选取是结构Pushover分析中的一个关键问题,尤其高阶振型影响显著时其选取直接影响Pushover分析的结果。本文通过拟合规范反应谱,挑选了适用Ⅱ类场地的4条地震动记录和4条人工波,对比了典型地震动下非线性时程分析和采用5种不同侧向力分布的Pushover分析的5层、10层和15层钢筋混凝土结构在不同地震动强度时的反应。通过结构振型参与系数量化了各个结构的高阶振型的影响。研究发现,随着结构层数的增加和地震动强度的增加高阶振型的影响变大,侧向力的选取变得十分重要。本文对在高阶振型影响下钢筋混凝土框架结构的Pushover分析中侧向力的选取提出了建议。 相似文献
7.
Modified consecutive modal pushover procedure for seismic investigation of one-way asymmetric-plan tall buildings 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The effects of higher modes and torsion have a significant impact on the seismic responses of asymmetric-plan tall buildings.A consecutive modal pushover(CMP) procedure is one of the pushover methods that have been developed to consider these effects.The aim of this paper is to modify the(CMP) analysis procedure to estimate the seismic demands of one-way asymmetric-plan tall buildings with dual systems.An analysis of 10-,15-and 20-story asymmetric-plan buildings is carried out,and the results from the modified consecutive modal pushover(MCMP) procedure are compared with those obtained from the modal pushover analysis(MPA) procedure and the nonlinear time history analysis(NLTHA).The MCMP estimates of the seismic demands of one-way asymmetric-plan buildings demonstrate a reasonable accuracy,compared to the results obtained from the NLTHA.Furthermore,the accuracy of the MCMP procedure in the prediction of plastic hinge rotations is better than the MPA procedure.The new pushover procedure is also more accurate than the FEMA load distribution and the MPA procedure. 相似文献
8.
A generalized multi‐mode pushover analysis procedure was developed for estimating the maximum inelastic seismic response of symmetrical plan structures under earthquake ground excitations. Pushover analyses are conducted with story‐specific generalized force vectors in this procedure, with contributions from all effective modes. Generalized pushover analysis procedure is extended to three‐dimensional torsionally coupled systems in the presented study. Generalized force distributions are expressed as the combination of modal forces to simulate the instantaneous force distribution acting on the system when the interstory drift at a story reaches its maximum value during seismic response. Modal contributions to the generalized force vectors are calculated by a modal scaling rule, which is based on the complete quadratic combination. Generalized forces are applied to the mass centers of each story incrementally for producing nonlinear static response. Maximum response quantities are obtained when the individual frames attain their own target interstory drift values in each story. The developed procedure is tested on an eight‐story frame under 15 ground motions, and assessed by comparing the results obtained from nonlinear time history analysis. The method is successful in predicting the torsionally coupled inelastic response of frames responding to large interstory drift demands. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
An approximation approach of seismic analysis of two‐way asymmetric building systems under bi‐directional seismic ground motions is proposed. The procedures of uncoupled modal response history analysis (UMRHA) are extended to two‐way asymmetric buildings simultaneously excited by two horizontal components of ground motion. Constructing the relationships of two‐way base shears versus two‐way roof translations and base torque versus roof rotation in ADRS format for a two‐way asymmetric building, each modal pushover curve bifurcates into three curves in an inelastic state. A three‐degree‐of‐freedom (3DOF) modal stick is developed to simulate the modal pushover curve with the stated bifurcating characteristic. It requires the calculation of the synthetic earthquake and angle β. It is confirmed that the 3DOF modal stick is consistent with single‐degree‐of‐freedom modal stick in an elastic state. A two‐way asymmetric three‐story building was analyzed by UMRHA procedure incorporating the proposed 3DOF modal sticks. The analytical results are compared with those obtained from nonlinear response history analysis. It is shown that the 3DOF modal sticks are more rational and effective in dealing with the assessment of two‐way asymmetric building systems under two‐directional seismic ground motions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
Performance based design becomes an effective method for estimating seismic demands of buildings. In asymmetric plan tall building the effects of higher modes and torsion are crucial. The consecutive modal pushover (CMP) procedure is one of the procedures that consider these effects. Also in previous studies the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI) in pushover analysis is ignored. In this paper the CMP procedure is modified for one-way asymmetric plan mid and high-rise buildings considering SSI. The extended CMP (ECMP) procedure is proposed in order to overcome some limitations of the CMP procedure. In this regard, 10, 15 and 20 story buildings with asymmetric plan are studied considering SSI assuming three different soil conditions. Using nonlinear response history analysis under a set of bidirectional ground motion; the exact responses of these buildings are calculated. Then the ECMP procedure is evaluated by comparing the results of this procedure with nonlinear time history results as an exact solution as well as the modal pushover analysis procedure and FEMA 356 load patterns. The results demonstrate the accuracy of the ECMP procedure. 相似文献
11.
Energy serves as an alternative index to response quantities like force or displacement to include the duration‐related seismic damage effect. A procedure to evaluate the absorbed energy in a multistorey frame from energy spectra was developed. For low‐ to medium‐rise frames, it required a static pushover analysis of the structure to determine the modal yield force and ductility factor of an equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom system for the first two modes. The energy spectra were then used to determine the energy contribution of each mode. A procedure was also developed to distribute the energy along the frame height based on energy shapes. This study showed that the second‐mode response in some cases needs to be considered to reflect the energy (or damage) concentration in the upper floors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
A pushover procedure with a load pattern based on the height-wise distribution of the combined modal story shear and torsional moment is proposed to estimate the seismic response of 3D asymmetric-plan building frames. Contribution of the higher modes and torsional response of asymmetric-plan buildings are incorporated into the proposed load pattern. The proposed pushover method is a single-run procedure, which enables tracing the nonlinear response of the structure during the analysis and averts the elusiveness of conducting multiple pushover analyses. The proposed method has been used to estimate the response of two moment-resisting building frames with 9 and 20 stories. The obtained results indicate the appropriate accuracy and efficiency of the proposed procedure in estimating the trend of the drift profiles of the structures resulted from nonlinear time history analyses. 相似文献
13.
一种基于位移的改进静力弹塑性分析方法 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
静力弹塑性分析作为一种新的结构抗震性能评估方法，近些年得到很大的推广。本文在已有的研究基础上，通过一种基于位移控制的多阶振型组合的静力推覆分析，采用自适应的水平加载方式，考虑高阶振型的影响。对一中等高度的结构进行推覆分析，结果表明，与采用不变的水平菏载分布形式的一般静力推覆分析比较，基于本文Pushover分析所得的结构响应与非线性动力时程分析所得结构的响应更为近似，尤其在受结构高阶振型影响较明显的结构层间位移角及层间剪力方面，其结果同动力时程分析所得更为接近。 相似文献
14.
A setback building has a sudden discontinuity in the frame geometry along the height. This kind of irregularity causes an abrupt discontinuity in stiffness, strength and mass of the building frame. In this study, a total of nineteen mid-rise 9-story steel moment resisting frames with setbacks including the broad range of different geometrical configurations were studied. An eigenvalue analysis was performed to evaluate and scrutinize the dynamic characteristics of setback structures. The effect of geometrical configurations on the seismic responses of setback frames was studied by means of nonlinear response history analysis using a set of far-field ground motion records. Moreover, due to the rapidly increasing use of pushover analysis for the seismic evaluation of structures in recent years, enhanced pushover analyses (EPAs) including the modal pushover analysis, the upper bound pushover analysis, the consecutive modal pushover and the extended N2 methods were implemented as a main part of this study. The findings show that two factors including the location of setback and the degree of setback are of key importance and influence the dynamic characteristics and seismic responses of setback structures. The degree of accuracy of the enhanced pushover analysis methods generally depends on the dynamic characteristics (geometrical configuration) of the setback frames. The largest error in the EPAs in predicting the story drifts generally occurs in a setback frame with a larger amount of the ratio between the effective modal participating mass ratio of the higher modes and that of the first mode. 相似文献
15.
An Erratum has been published for this article in Earthquake Engng. Struct. Dyn. 2004; 33:1429. Based on structural dynamics theory, the modal pushover analysis (MPA) procedure retains the conceptual simplicity of current procedures with invariant force distribution, now common in structural engineering practice. The MPA procedure for estimating seismic demands is extended to unsymmetric‐plan buildings. In the MPA procedure, the seismic demand due to individual terms in the modal expansion of the effective earthquake forces is determined by non‐linear static analysis using the inertia force distribution for each mode, which for unsymmetric buildings includes two lateral forces and torque at each floor level. These ‘modal’ demands due to the first few terms of the modal expansion are then combined by the CQC rule to obtain an estimate of the total seismic demand for inelastic systems. When applied to elastic systems, the MPA procedure is equivalent to standard response spectrum analysis (RSA). The MPA estimates of seismic demand for torsionally‐stiff and torsionally‐flexible unsymmetric systems are shown to be similarly accurate as they are for the symmetric building; however, the results deteriorate for a torsionally‐similarly‐stiff unsymmetric‐plan system and the ground motion considered because (a) elastic modes are strongly coupled, and (b) roof displacement is underestimated by the CQC modal combination rule (which would also limit accuracy of RSA for linearly elastic systems). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
模态静力非线性分析中模态选择的研究 总被引：18，自引：4，他引：14
本文应用模态静力非线性分析方法,对多个算例进行了静力非线性分析。比较分析了不同振型组合对计算精度的影响,对模态选择的参数进行了研究,提出采用模态质量参与系数进行模态选择的控制,为模态静力非线性分析方法的推广使用提供参考。另外,分析了结构基本周期对该方法计算精度的影响。 相似文献
17.
This paper develops a modal pushover analysis‐ (MPA) based approximate procedure to quantify the collapse potential of structural systems. The computationally demanding incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) of the structural system is avoided by MPA of the structure in conjunction with empirical equations for the collapse strength ratio for the first‐mode single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDF) system; higher modes of vibration play essentially no role in estimating the ground motion intensity required to cause collapse of the structure. Presented are collapse fragility curves for 6‐, 9‐, and 20‐story regular special moment‐resisting teel frames computed by the exact and approximate procedures, demonstrating that the MPA‐based approximate procedure requires only a small fraction (1% in one example) of the computational effort inherent in exact IDA and still achieves highly accurate results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
Predictors of seismic structural demands (such as inter‐storey drift angles) that are less time‐consuming than nonlinear dynamic analysis have proven useful for structural performance assessment and for design. Luco and Cornell previously proposed a simple predictor that extends the idea of modal superposition (of the first two modes) with the square‐root‐of‐sum‐of‐squares (SRSS) rule by taking a first‐mode inelastic spectral displacement into account. This predictor achieved a significant improvement over simply using the response of an elastic oscillator; however, it cannot capture well large displacements caused by local yielding. A possible improvement of Luco's predictor is discussed in this paper, where it is proposed to consider three enhancements: (i) a post‐elastic first‐mode shape approximated by the deflected shape from a nonlinear static pushover analysis (NSPA) at the step corresponding to the maximum drift of an equivalent inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) system, (ii) a trilinear backbone curve for the SDOF system, and (iii) the elastic third‐mode response for long‐period buildings. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed predictor is less biased and results in less dispersion than Luco's original predictor. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Farhad Behnamfar Sayed Mehdi Taherian Arash Sahraei 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2016,14(11):3025-3046
In this study a new method for nonlinear static analysis based on the relative displacements of stories is proposed that is able to be implemented in a single stage analysis and considers the effects of an arbitrary number of higher modes. The method is called the extended drift pushover analysis procedure (EDPA). To define the lateral load pattern, values of the relative displacements of stories are calculated using the elastic modal analysis and the modal combination factors introduced. For determining the combination factors, six different approaches are examined. Buildings evaluated in this study consist of four special steel moment-resisting frames with 10–30 stories. Responses including relative displacements of stories, story shear forces and rotation of plastic hinges in each story are calculated using the proposed approaches in addition to modal pushover analysis and nonlinear dynamic time history analyses. The nonlinear dynamic analysis is implemented using ten consistent earthquake records that have been scaled with regard to ASCE7-10. Distribution of response errors of story shears and plastic hinge rotations show that a major part of error corresponds to the second half of the buildings studied. Thus, the mentioned responses are corrected systematically. The final results of this study show that implementing the EDPA procedure using the third approach of this research is able to effectively overcome the limitations of both the traditional and the modal pushover analyses methods and predict the seismic demands of tall buildings with good accuracy. 相似文献
20.
This paper aims to extend the consecutive modal pushover (CMP) procedure for estimating the seismic demands of two-way unsymmetric-plan tall buildings subjected to bi-directional seismic ground motions taking the effects of higher modes and torsion into account. Multi-stage and single-stage pushover analyses are carried out in both X and Y directions. Inelastic seismic responses obtained by multi-stage and single-stage pushover analyses for X and Y directions are combined using the SRSS combination scheme. The final seismic responses are determined by enveloping the combined results of multi-stage and single-stage pushover analyses. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed procedure, it is applied to two-way unsymmetric-plan tall buildings which include torsionally stiff and torsionally flexible systems. The results derived from the CMP procedure are compared with those from nonlinear response history analysis (NL-RHA), as a benchmark solution. Moreover, the advantages of the proposed procedure are demonstrated by comparing the results derived from the CMP to those from pushover analysis with uniform and fundamental effective mode distributions. The proposed procedure is able to accurately predict amplification or de-amplification of the seismic displacements at the flexible and stiff edges of the two-way unsymmetric-plan tall buildings by considering the effects of higher modes and torsion. The extended CMP procedure can accurately estimate the peak inelastic responses, such as displacements and storey drifts. The CMP procedure features a higher potential in estimating plastic hinge rotations at both flexible and stiff sides of unsymmetric-plan tall buildings under bi-directional seismic excitation when compared to the uniform and fundamental effective mode force distributions. 相似文献