共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 121 毫秒
1.
华山山前断裂中段晚第四纪活动的地貌表现及响应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
调查了华山山前断裂中段（石堤峪-杜峪）晚更新世以来,尤其是全新世以来的断层构造地貌,讨论了它们的成因、特点及对断裂活动的响应关系。断层构造地貌主要包括：断层三角面、断层陡坎、洪积阶地、埋藏型洪积扇以及冲沟裂点。对各大沟峪峪口的洪积阶地进行了大比例尺微地貌测量,并在部分沟峪两侧沿断层崖陡坎及冲沟沟床布置了测线。结合T1、T2级洪积阶地位错测量结果及其14C年龄计算得到,华山山前断裂中段6000a-2000aB.P.的垂直滑动速率为1.485mm/a;2000aB.P.以来的垂直滑动速率为3.73mm/a。最后结合野外调查与理论认识,建立了正断层作用下洪积阶地与埋藏型洪积扇的演化模式。本研究结果支持华山山前断裂是1556年华县814级地震发震构造的观点。 相似文献
2.
嘉峪关断层中段的新活动特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
嘉峪关断层是河西走廊盆地内部的一条重要断层,断层走向NNW向,晚第四纪以来新活动特征以挤压逆冲为主兼具有右旋走滑特征。通过野外地质调查,在嘉峪关城楼北关园子山嘉峪关断层大陡坎西侧0.5km处的Ⅲ级阶地面上,新发现一段长约1.6km保存完好的小断层陡坎,坎高0.5～2m,且有冲沟发生右旋位错现象。经探槽开挖和热释光测年确认,嘉峪关断层全新世有古地震活动。据断错地貌的差分GPS测量和测年结果,得到断裂晚第四纪晚期以来的平均滑动速率为0.52～0.56mm/a。 相似文献
3.
秦岭北麓晚第四纪断层陡坎的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
根据航片解译和野外调查,发现在秦岭北麓第四纪松散沉积物中发育有断层陡坎,本文依据对这些陡坎的地质地貌分析、地形剖面测制、探槽揭露及测年数据,讨论了断层陡坎的空间分布和形态学特征、生成时代和断距,评估了秦岭北麓断裂在晚第四纪的活动强度。由断层陡坎高度经过校核获得断距变化范围在1.1至7.9米之间,由此求得秦岭北麓断裂中段全新世中晚期以来平均滑动速率接近1mm/a,西段在眉县一带为0.5mm/a左右。晚更新世以来,发生过3—4次古地震事件 相似文献
4.
1975年海城MS7.3地震是中国第1次成功预报的7级以上破坏型地震，避免了大量人员和财产损失。但在地震后的调查中并没有发现较为连续的地表破裂带，只在零星地点发现了一些地表裂缝和喷砂冒水现象。该地震的等震线表现出较为明显的共轭特征，因此研究者对于海城地震的发震断层一直存在一定争议。文中对与海城河断裂共轭相交的金州断裂盖州北—鞍山段进行了遥感影像解译、微地貌测量和古地震探槽开挖等工作，发现金州断裂自大石桥市沿NE向至鞍山市南，在盆山过渡带的晚更新世和全新世地貌面上存在较为明显的沿NE向展布的断层陡坎。由于人类活动，断层陡坎展布不连续。断层陡坎的高度多为1～2m,最大可达3m;在海城市南葫芦峪村开挖的古地震探槽揭露出盖州北—鞍山段具有宽约20m的基岩破碎带，晚更新世晚期—全新世以来(距今(37.6±2.2) ka)至少发生过2次古地震事件。较新的一次地震发生于全新世(距今(11.7±0.8) ka以后，很可能为距今400～500a)。由于全新世地层太薄所限，无法识别出更多全新世古地震，但可以判断金州断裂盖州北—鞍山段为晚更新世晚期—全新世活动断裂。 相似文献
5.
卡兹克阿尔特断裂带活动特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
卡兹克阿尔特断裂带是帕米尔和天山新生代造山带间一个重要的活动构造边界,通过对其活动构造特征的详细地质调查和大比例尺填图,可将卡兹克阿尔特断裂带进一步划分为吉勒格由特断裂带、乌恰地震断裂带和木什断裂带3段.吉勒格由特断裂带的地表破裂为一系列的断层陡坎和偏转的冲积扇,经过别尔托阔依河出山口处时,切割了T1至T3堆积阶地.断裂带在T1、T2和T3阶地的断层陡坎高度分别为0.67m、3.90m和36.50m.对采自T2阶地顶部和底部的粉砂样品进行光释光测年,测定的初步结果分别为8900aBP和10500aBP,因此对T3、T2阶地以来的滑动速率估计分别约为3.5mm/a、0.8mm/a.断裂的前缘开挖的探槽揭示出全新世以来有4次古地震活动.乌恰地震带主要切割克兹勒苏河的T3阶地后缘,沿断裂带分布有大小不等的断塞塘和断层陡坎.1985年8月23日在乌恰地震带上发生Ms7.4地震,地震最大位错为1.5m.根据断层陡坎计算出断裂的滑动速率约为0.54mm/a.卡帕河的东岸探槽同样揭示出有4次古地震活动.在乌恰地震带的东端,木什断裂带地表长度约6km,由数十条左阶排列的反向断层陡坎(坡向北)组成,沿这些断坎多处可见冲沟被断错,横跨断层陡坎的探槽揭示出3次古地震活动. 相似文献
6.
通过对汗母坝-澜沧断裂晚第四纪地质、地貌实地调查与测量,并结合前人研究成果,讨论了该断裂晚第四纪最新构造活动特征。综合分析认为,汗母坝-澜沧断裂为一条以右旋走滑为主的全新世活动断裂,长约120 km,整体走向NNW。该断裂活动习性具有明显的分段特征,北段称为汗母坝断裂,是1988年耿马7.2级地震的发震断裂;南段称为澜沧断裂,是1988年澜沧7.6级地震的发震断裂之一。晚第四纪以来其新活动形成了丰富的断错地貌现象,如冲沟和山脊右旋位错、断层沟槽、断层垭口、断层陡坎、断陷凹坑等。根据断裂断错地貌特征的相应资料估计,该断裂晚第四纪右旋走滑速率约为(4.7±0.5) mm/a。 相似文献
7.
库松木楔克山山前断层是位于北天山西段再生造山带北缘一条重要的边界断层,是本次新发现和确定的一条活动断层。断层分为东、中、西三段:东段主要由4条断层斜列组合而成,单条断层长度为9~13 km,在晚更新世~全新世仍在强烈活动,晚更新世以来的垂直错动量为3~4 m,垂直活动速率为0.23~0.33 mm/a,全新世以来的垂直错动量为0.5~0.8 m;中段断层活动错断了中更新世至全新世地貌,形成多级断层陡坎和长约8~10 km的地震形变带,晚更新世以来垂直活动速率为0.5 mm/a;西段自晚更新以来无活动显示。 相似文献
8.
9.
甘加盆地位于西秦岭北缘断裂带西端,盆地西缘发育了三条近南北向的断层（东支、中支、西支）,表现为西高东低的弧形地貌阶梯带。基于高分辨率卫星遥感影像解译、地质地貌调查、UAV航拍测量、剖面清理与14C测年等工作,对甘加盆地西缘断裂带进行综合研究,发现该断裂带第四纪晚期有新活动。断层新活动在地貌上表现为不同级别的断层陡坎、阶地与洪积台地断错以及冲沟与阶地右旋等特征。断层剖面与擦痕揭示,该断裂带具右旋逆冲性质,断层断错最新地层为全新统。根据测量与测年数据,初步估算甘加盆地西缘断裂带西支全新世中期以来的平均水平右旋滑动速率为0.89 mm/a,平均垂直滑动速率为0.30 mm/a。 相似文献
10.
卡兹克阿尔特断裂带是帕米尔和天山新生代造山带间一个重要的活动构造边界，通过对其活动构造特征的详细地质调查和大比例尺填图，可将卡兹克阿尔特断裂带进一步划分为吉勒格由特断裂带、乌恰地震断裂带和木什断裂带3段。吉勒格由特断裂带的地表破裂为一系列的断层陡坎和偏转的冲积扇，经过别尔托阔依河出山口处时，切割了T1至T3堆积阶地。断裂带在T1、T2和T3阶地的断层陡坎离高度分别为0．67m、3．90m和36．50m。对采自T2阶地顶部和底部的粉砂样品进行光释光测年，测定的初步结果分别为8900aB和10500PaBP，因此对T3、T2阶地以来的滑动速率估计分别约为3．5mm/a、0．8mm/a。断裂的前缘开挖的探槽揭示出全新世以来有4次古地震活动。乌恰地震带主要切割克兹勒苏河的T3阶地地后缘，沿断裂带分布有大小不等的断塞塘和断层陡坎。1985年8月23日乌恰地震上发生Ms7．4地震，地震最大位锚为1．5m。根据断层陡坎计算出断理解的动速度约为0．54mm/a。卡帕河的东岸探槽同样揭示出有4次古地震活动。在乌恰地震带的东端，木什断裂带地表长度约6km,讪数十条左阶排列的反向断层陡坎（坡向北）组成，沿这些断坎多处可见冲沟被断错，横跨断层陡坎的探槽揭示出3次古地震活动。 相似文献
11.
12.
Located at the west of the Linfen basin, the Luoyunshan piedmont fault zone controls the western boundary of the basin. According to the measurements of the terraces in eight gullies along the Luoyunshan fault zone, five levels of terraces, namely T1～T5 have developed in these gullies. The heights of terraces T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 are about 3m, 8～10m, about 20m, about 30m and 40～50m, respectively. The dating data of the terraces and investigation of the faulted landforms show that the Luoyunshan fault zone has experienced much activity since the Late Quaternary. The uplift rate of the terraces was 0.41mm/a since the Middle-Late Pleistocene, and 0.75mm/a since the Holocene. The increasing trend of uplift rate of the terraces along the Luoyunshan fault zone from the Middle-Late Pleistocene to Holocene indicates the tendency of gradual tectonic uplift of the fault zone since the late Quaternary. This is in good agreement with the increasing trend of subsidence rate of the Linfen basin from the Late Pleistocene to Holocene. 相似文献
13.
There are 18 gullies displaying sinistral contortions to different degrees along the western terminal segment about 10 km long of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault near the Donghe District, Baotou City. The contortion amount of gullies ranges from 20 m to 300 m. The contortion and length of the gullies are in direct proportion. The relation between piedmont terraces and gullies indicates that the gullies with upper reaches of about 1 ～ 5 km long and those smaller than one kilometer were formed at the end of Late Pleistocene and Holocene.Meanwhile, sandy gravel layer of alluvial-proluvial sediment on the upthrown wall is directly in contact with yellow clayey sand of the downthrown wall. During the Holocene, the sinistral strike-slip rate along the western terminal segment of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault reached 5 mm/a from age data of dislocated sediments. The evolutional mechanism of the active Daqingshan piedmont fault is also discussed in the paper. 相似文献
14.
ANALYSIS OF THE LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY ALONG THE WENCHUAN-MAOXIAN FAULT -MIDDLE OF THE BACK-RANGE FAULT AT THE LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The Longmenshan fault zone is located in eastern margin of Tibetan plateau and bounded on the east by Sichuan Basin, and tectonically the location is very important. It has a deep impact on the topography, geomorphology, geological structure and seismicity of southwestern China. It is primarily composed of multiple parallel thrust faults, namely, from northwest to southeast, the back-range, the central, the front-range and the piedmont hidden faults, respectively. The MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of 12th May 2008 ruptured the central and the front-range faults. But the earthquake didn't rupture the back-range fault. This shows that these two faults are both active in Holocene. But until now, we don't know exactly the activity of the back-range fault. The back-range fault consists of the Pingwu-Qingchuan Fault, the Wenchuan-Maoxian Fault and the Gengda-Longdong Fault. Through satellite image(Google Earth)interpretation, combining with field investigation, we preliminarily found out that five steps of alluvial platforms or terraces have been developed in Minjiang region along the Wenchuan-Maoxian Fault. T1 and T2 terraces are more continuous than T3, T4 and T5 terraces. Combining with the previous work, we discuss the formation ages of the terraces and conclude, analyze and summarize the existing researches about the terraces of Minjiang River. We constrain the ages of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 surfaces to 3~10ka BP,~20ka BP, 40~50ka BP, 60ka BP and 80ka BP, respectively. Combining with geomorphologic structural interpretation, measurements of the cross sections of the terraces by differential GPS and detailed site visits including terraces, gullies and other geologic landforms along the fault, we have reason to consider that the Wenchuan-Maoxian Fault was active between the formation age of T3 and T2 terrace, but inactive since T2 terrace formed. Its latest active period should be the middle and late time of late Pleistocene, and there is no activity since the Holocene. Combining with the knowledge that the central and the front-range faults are both Quaternary active faults, the activity of Longmenshan fault zone should have shifted to the central and the front-range faults which are closer to the basin, this indicates that the Longmenshan thrust belt fits the "Piggyback Type" to some extent. 相似文献
15.
沿安宁河断裂带小相岭段发现了古地震的地表破裂遗迹。在两个场地开挖了横跨主断裂的探槽 ,以研究这里的晚全新世古地震。结果表明 ,在最近的大约 2 30 0a中 ,该断裂段至少发生过 4次伴有地表破裂的古地震事件 ,平均复发间隔为 6 0 0～ 70 0a。这里的最晚事件很可能发生在公元 15世纪 ,并且有可能发生在公元 14 80年。最晚事件沿地表断层产生了 3m的平均左旋位错 ,这相当于一次矩震级为 7 5± 0 3的走滑型大地震的同震平均位错量 相似文献
16.
The southeast section of Zhongdian-Daju Fault is located in the northern part of Haba and Yulong Snow Mountain, belonging to the southwestern boundary of the secondary block in northwestern Sichuan, an important boundary fault striking 310°~320° on the whole. The nature of the fault, the age of its activity and the slip rate are of great significance for the analysis of the secondary block movement in the northwestern Sichuan and the intersection relationship with the eastern piedmont fault of Yulong Mountains.
Based on the 1 ︰ 5 million-scale active fault geological mapping, this paper studies in detail the stratigraphic landform, scarp landform, surface rupture, typical fault profile and river terrace along the fault. Based on the research results, we divide the southeastern section of Zhongdian-Daju Fault into two sub-segments, the Majiacun-Daju sub-segment and the Daju-Dadong sub-segment, according to the geometric structure, fault landforms and fault activity.
(1)Fault scarp:In the Majiacun-Daju sub-segment, the fault parallelly controls the two sides of the Haba fault depression. It cuts the late Pleistocene moraine deposits, forming a fault scarp of about 4.5km long and(14±2)m high. The continuity of the scarp is very good, and it is also very obvious in the remote sensing image. In the Daju-Dadong sub-segment, a scarp with a height of about 2m is formed, and an optical luminescence dating sample is collected from the upper part of the gravel layer on the second-order terrace to obtain an age of(22±2.2)ka.
(2)Horizontal dislocation:In the Majiacun-Daju sub-segment, through the analysis of the development of outwash fans in the area and the measurement and induction of the gully dislocations, it is considered that there are at least three stages of outwash fans developed in the area and there may be four phases of faulting. That is, the earliest-stage outwash fan and gully are horizontally dislocated about 1km; the second-stage outwash fan and gully are horizontally dislocated about 47m, and the vertical dislocation is about(14±2)m; the gully in the third stage outwash fan is horizontally dislocated twice, the first dislocation formed a beheaded gully with a dislocation of 22m, and the second formed a beheaded gully with a dislocation of 8.5m. It is further proved that the fault has strong activity since the Holocene in the Majiacun to Daju area. In the Daju-Dadong sub-segment, there are no obvious horizontal dislocations in the alluvial deposits since the Holocene. Only 3~4 gullies are found to be offset right-laterally in the ridges east of Wenhe Village, with the maximum dislocation of 210m, which may be the older phase dislocation.
(3)Surface rupture:In the northwest direction of Dabazi Village on the T3 terrace in the basin between Majiacun and Daju, an earthquake surface rupture zone is found, extending in the NW direction. The rupture zone left clear traces on the about 1m-thick, hard T3 terrace surface formed by calcification of sand gravels, and the overburden either upwarps and bulges, or ruptures, generates ground fissures, or forms small pull-apart "depressions" locally. However, the rupture zone is not large in size, about 350m long, 60m wide at the widest point, and 0.3~1.5m high. It is partially en-echelon or obliquely arranged, dominated by compressive ruptures. Through observation, the possibility of artificial transformation is ruled out for these upwarping bulges, ruptures or ground fissures. The fault section is found in the southeast direction of the rupture zone. The slickensides at the section show that the fault is dominated by right-lateral strike-slip with a small amount of thrust. In the eastern sub-segment, only intermittently distributed surface ruptures are found in the northern part of the village, and the scale is small.
In summary, through the field geological survey, it is found that the Majiacun-Daju sub-segment is a Holocene active segment. Though the Daju-Dadong sub-segment also offset the late Pleistocene to Holocene strata, it is considered that its Holocene activity is weak in terms of either the dislocation amount or the slip rate of this segment.
By analyzing the geological and geomorphological evidences, such as fault scarps, horizontal dislocation and surface ruptures along the fault, it is considered that the Majiacun-Daju sub-segment is a right-lateral strike-slip fault with a normal faulting component, and its vertical slip rate since the late Pleistocene is(0.4~0.8)mm/a, the horizontal slip rate is 1.5~2.4mm/a. The Daju-Dadong sub-segment is dominated by right-lateral strike-slip with a normal faulting component, and its vertical slip rate since the late Late Cenozoic is 0.1mm/a.
The formation of the NW-trending surface rupture zone found in the Daju Basin is very young, where there are only two major earthquakes, namely, the MS6.4 1966 Zhongdian earthquake and the 1996 Lijiang MS7.0 earthquake, and both earthquakes produced NW-oriented surface rupture zones. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that the rupture zone is a product of the 1966 Zhongdian MS6.4 earthquake or the 1996 Lijiang MS7.0 earthquake. 相似文献
17.
六棱山北麓断裂是山西地堑系北端张性构造区中的一条控制性断裂，总体走向北东东、倾向北北西，是一条至今仍在活动的倾滑正断裂，控制阳原盆地的形成和发展。在１９９３年和１９９４年的中日合作研究中，我们对断裂分段特征进行了研究，并用Ａｕｔｏ－ｌｅｖｅｌ仪器对这一条断裂晚第四纪不同时期的断错地貌面的位错量进行了测量，对这些地貌面的年龄进行了测定，得到该断裂带晚更新世晚期至全新世时期的平均垂直滑动速率为０．４３～０．７５ｍｍ／ａ。关键词 相似文献
18.
沿内蒙大青山山前活动断裂进行野外调查及探槽开挖的研究结果表明 ,该断裂西部地段及东部地段的最新活动时期在全新世中期以后及全新世晚期以前 ;中部地段在全新世晚期强烈活动 ,公元 84 9年包头地震的地表破裂沿该段展布。大青山山前台地与断层陡坎分布、洪积扇类型及河流阶地断错等地貌特征、全新世晚期断裂活动范围、沿断裂带探槽开挖获得的古地震事件对比 ,以及现今中小地震震中分布表明 ,全新世晚期大青山山前断裂的活动以土左旗为界 ,该界以西全新世晚期断裂强烈活动 ,该界以东全新世晚期断裂活动不明显。全新世时期大青山山前断裂的活动显示了由东向西的迁移 相似文献
19.
The Riyue Mt. Fault is a secondary fault controlled by the major regional boundary faults (East Kunlun Fault and Qilian-Haiyuan Fault). It lies in the interior of Qaidam-Qilianshan block and between the major regional boundary faults. The Riyue Mt. fault zone locates in the special tectonic setting which can provide some evidences for recent activity of outward extension of NE Tibetan plateau, so it is of significance to determine the activity of Riyue Mt. Fault since late Pleistocene to Holocene. In this paper, we have obtained some findings along the Dezhou segment of Riyue Mt. Fault by interpreting the piedmont alluvial fans, measuring fault scarps, and excavating trenches across the fault scarp. The findings are as follows:(1) Since the late Pleistocene, there are an alluvial fan fp and three river terraces T1-T3 formed on the Dezhou segment. The abandonment age of fp is approximately (21.2±0.6) ka, and that of the river terrace T2 is (12.4±0.11) ka. (2) Since the late Pleistocene, the dextral strike-slip rate of the Riyue Mt. Fault is (2.41±0.25) mm/a. In the Holocene, the dextral strike-slip rate of the fault is (2.18±0.40) mm/a, and its vertical displacement rate is (0.24±0.16) mm/a. This result indicates that the dextral strike-slip rate of the Riyue Mt. Fault has not changed since the late Pleistocene. It is believed that, as one of the dextral strikeslip faults, sandwiched between the the regional big left-lateral strike-slip faults, the Riyue Mt. Fault didn't cut the boundary zone of the large block. What's more, the dextral strike-slip faults play an important role in the coordination of deformation between the sub-blocks during the long term growth and expansion of the northeast Tibetan plateau. 相似文献