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1.
长江和淮河流域汛期洪涝大气环流特征的比较   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用1990~2010年我国756站汛期(6~7月)逐日降水资料及NCEP逐日再分析资料,选取了这21年间分别发生在我国长江及淮河流域洪涝的典型年份,进行了汛期大气环流场及物理量场的合成分析,结果表明:长江与淮河流域汛期洪涝年的大气环流及物理量场有很大差异.在长江流域汛期洪涝年,南亚高压中心偏东,乌拉尔山及鄂霍次克海区域上空维持着阻塞高压系统,梅雨锋维持在30°N附近;而在淮河流域洪涝年,南亚高压中心位置偏西,北半球中高纬大气环流呈经向型,梅雨锋维持在33°N附近.此外,长江与淮河流域汛期洪涝的水汽来源及输送也有很大不同,长江流域汛期洪涝的水汽输送气流有两支,分别是来自孟加拉湾的西南气流和我国南海季风,这两支气流在我国长江流域上空交汇;而淮河流域汛期洪涝的两支水汽输送气流分别是我国东南洋面上的东南季风及我国南海季风,这两支季风气流在我国淮河流域上空交汇.  相似文献   

2.
影响东北初夏和盛夏降水年际变化的环流特征分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
东北地区是我国主要的粮食生产基地,而夏季是东北农作物的主要生长季,也是降水集中的季节,降水量的多少及其分布是影响东北地区粮食产量的重要因素之一.本文利用中国东北地区79个台站观测的月平均降水资料和ECMWF再分析资料,通过相关分析和回归分析,讨论了影响东北地区夏季5~8月降水年际变化的大尺度环流特征.结果发现:东北地区降水年际变化对应的环流异常在5,6月(初夏)和7,8月(盛夏)具有明显不同的特征;初夏降水异常以冷涡活动的影响为主,而盛夏则以东亚夏季风的影响为主.初夏,东北地区降水偏多年,东北地区西北部出现随高度向西倾斜的异常气旋性环流,东北地区冷涡活动频繁.盛夏,东北地区降水异常主要受到局地对流层高层东亚高空西风急流北移以及低层的西太平洋副热带高压西伸北进的影响.随着西太平洋副热带高压西北侧西南风异常的加强,向北输送到东北地区的水汽显著增多,东北地区盛夏降水偏多.此外,与7月份相比,8月东北降水除了受到夏季风的影响以外,还受到中高纬度东北亚阻塞高压的影响.  相似文献   

3.
长江流域降水变化及其趋势演变   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文对中国长江流域降水趋势进行了分析.指出对月降水量而言,20世纪后50年不同区域出现1不胃的降水趋势变化特征.趋势插补法研究表明中国降水时空分布趋势十分明显.对长江流域长期降水资料分析研究指出夏季月份降水时间更集中,而对年降水而言在一些站则表现出明显的周期变化.  相似文献   

4.
1998年夏季全球大气环流异常的预测研究   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
应用日本东京大学气候系统研究中心(CCSR)发展起来的一个全球大气环流谱模式(T42L200版本),对l998年夏季气候异常和大气环流的预测问题进行了研究,定量地检查了该模式对夏季降水和大气环流异常的预测准确度.说明该模式对1998年的预测水平是比较高的;并证实大气环流在春季的初始异常对北半球夏季大气环流和降水异常起了很重要的作用,而对南半球的作用则小得多.就中国长江流域1998年的降水异常而言,初始环流的作用约占50%.  相似文献   

5.
印度夏季风的爆发与中国长江流域梅雨的遥相关分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用印度和中国地区的降水资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析环流资料,通过相关分析和合成分析,详细讨论了印度夏季风的爆发与中国长江流域梅雨的遥相关关系.结果发现:印度西南部的克拉拉邦地区夏季风爆发后两周左右,中国长江流域梅雨开始.印度夏季风爆发后,形成从印度西海岸经孟加拉湾到达中国长江流域及日本南部地区的遥相关型,它在时间和空间上都不同于盛夏期间印度夏季风经青藏高原影响中国华北降水的遥相关型.前者可称为亚洲夏季风的“南支”遥相关型,主要发生在季风爆发初期;后者可称为“北支”遥相关型,主要形成于亚洲季风盛期.在“南支”遥相关型形成的过程中,亚洲季风环流发生了一系列重要变化,印度夏季风爆发、南亚高压北进、中层爆发性涡旋出现、低层热带西风带不断加强东传及西太平洋副高北跳东退.结果,在印度夏季风爆发后两周左右,高层南亚高压控制了整个亚洲地区,而在中低层,则形成一条从阿拉伯海经印度南部、孟加拉湾和南海,再沿西太平洋副热带高压的西边界到达中国长江流域及日本南部的强西风带;由于副热带急流的北跳,在东亚地区上空形成相互耦合的高、低空西风急流,而长江流域则正好位于高、低空急流之间,高空急流入口区右侧和低空急流左侧的上升运动区,因此触发了长江流域梅雨的发生.  相似文献   

6.
1961~2010年中国东部夏季季风过程降水量与暴雨频数年际变化分析发现,两者年代际变化趋势相反,尤其90年代后暴雨频数年代际变化呈显著上升趋势,而中国东部夏季降水量却总体上呈下降趋势.分析1961~2010年夏季暴雨频数空间分布场,研究发现中国东部暴雨频数分布状态呈东南高频区向西北方向的大地形边缘带逐步递减,其可描述出50mm以上暴雨频数分布特征为"东南高,西北低"的与地形"阶梯式"分布相似的格局.另外,在全球气候变化背景下中国东部夏季降水变率与暴雨极端事件频数年际变率空间分布在中国"三阶梯"地形存在显著的区域性差异.研究发现中国东部夏季季风过程降水与暴雨极端事件频数相关的水汽输送通道及其水汽流型,水汽流汇合区的空间结构均呈显著差异.长江流域及华南等为暴雨高频区,中国东部暴雨过程整层水汽输送通道相关结构可描述出自中低纬海洋三支强水汽流"汇合"及其整层水汽辐合特征,此暴雨高频区水汽流相关"汇合"较夏季季风过程降水或非暴雨类降水"偏南",且水汽"辐合"结构更为显著.另外,中国东部夏季水汽流环流型特征亦对暴雨极端事件发生频数也有着重要的影响.整层水汽通量相关场暴雨类高频区对应矢气旋式涡旋结构环流型,对比分析非暴雨降水和暴雨频数与整层水汽输送通量相关矢场,可发现两者呈空间位置、尺度不同的相关气旋式环流型,其中暴雨类相关环流型"涡动"结构尺度小、位置偏南;非暴雨降水相关涡动结构尺度大、位置偏北.研究表明了夏季风强弱变化背景下整层水汽输送"涡动"环流的"驱动"及其水汽通量"辐合"的结构对中国东部暴雨高频区南-北位移格局变动有显著影响效应,中国东部暴雨高频区的年代际南北动态"摆动"与中国东部水汽输送"涡动"结构的涡度(正值中心)与散度高值区(负值中心)呈"同步"年代际变化特征.基于上述暴雨极端事件水汽输送及环流型影响综合分析研究,本文研究还提出了中国东部暴雨水汽输送流型结构的综合相关模型.  相似文献   

7.
利用美国国家环境预报中心和美国国家大气科学研究中 心(NCEP/NCAR)再分析月平均气候资料以及Xie和Arkin分析的月平均降水资料(1968~199 8年),针对索马里低空急流(SMJ)的年际变化及其对东亚夏季降水的影响问题展开了分析 研究. 结果揭示,SMJ作为最主要的越赤道气流,对两个半球间水汽输送起最关键的作用, 它把水汽从冬半球输送到夏半球. 夏季SMJ的年际变化有全球范围内的环流异常与之相联系 ,特别是东亚沿岸的波列状异常分布、南亚高压以及澳大利亚以南的偶极型异常分布;它 也同春季的北印度洋等海区的海温异常有密切关系. 研究还表明,春季SMJ的年际变化对东 亚夏季降水和大气环流有显著影响,由于SMJ影响的超前性,因此它在东亚夏季气候预测上 有重要意义.  相似文献   

8.
利用1979—2019年全国160站逐月降水资料、Hadley中心海温资料、NOAA以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,结合相关分析、信息流以及合成分析方法,分析了北太平洋海温异常与广西前汛期降水的同期联系,并初步探讨了前者对后者的影响及可能机制,结果表明:北太平洋关键区海温是广西前汛期降水的显著影响源,海温正位相(负位相)的异常分布在一定程度上导致了广西前汛期降水增多(减少).北太平洋关键区海温变化可以独立于赤道中东太平洋影响前汛期降水,而赤道中东太平洋海温变化可以起到调制作用,增强两者联系.北太平洋为正位相海温异常时,大气为“+-+”的经向三极型位势高度异常响应.与此同时,海温异常激发了向下游中高纬传播的Rossby波列,引起东亚沿岸位势高度正异常和反气旋环流异常.在上述机制下,贝加尔湖高压脊和东亚大槽均显著增强,使得中高纬冷空气更易南下.赤道中东太平洋海温的调制作用体现在对中低纬环流的影响.关键区海温正位相对应于赤道中东太平洋海温偏暖,后者引起局地异常上升运动,减弱Walker环流进而导致赤道西太平洋出现下沉异常,抑制了对流活动,在西北太平洋强迫出异常反气旋,使得副高加强西伸.副高...  相似文献   

9.
2020年6月长江流域的降水量破了1979年以来的纪录.研究表明三个大洋(太平洋、印度洋和大西洋)都有贡献,但是大西洋起到主导作用.三大洋的海温异常可以影响两个区域的相对涡度异常:一个是位于华北地区的200-hPa相对涡度(华北涡度)负异常,另一个是位于南海的850-hPa相对涡度(南海涡度)负异常.长江流域的降水异常主要受到华北涡度相关的大气过程控制. 5月西北大西洋的海温正异常可以引起6月中纬度北大西洋的位势高度正异常,进而通过横跨欧亚大陆的大气波列影响华北涡度,从而造成长江流域的降水正异常.而印度洋和热带北大西洋,作为前一年冬季太平洋El Ni?o事件的电容器,可以引起南海涡度负异常(反气旋性环流异常),通过进一步加强水汽输送增强长江流域的降水.本研究表明5月西北大西洋海温是6月长江流域降水很好的预测因子,并且强调三大洋海温对中国极端天气和气候事件的重要作用.  相似文献   

10.
变网格大气模式对1998年东亚夏季风异常的模拟研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
本文利用法国国家科研中心(CNRS)动力气象实验室(LMD)发展的可变网格的格点大气环流模式LMDZ4,对1998年东亚夏季降水进行了模拟,考查了变网格模式对东亚夏季降水的模拟性能.结果表明,模式在一定程度上能模拟出东亚夏季降水的极大值中心、夏季风雨带以及降水由东南向西北递减的空间分布特征.模式基本再现了1998年夏季两次雨带的进退特征,包括降水强度、雨带范围等,从而合理再现了1998年夏季江淮地区的"二度梅"现象.与观测相比,模拟的不足在于:在陡峭地形区附近存在虚假降水;江淮和华北地区以及四川盆地存在水汽输送的气旋式辐合偏差,同时高层环流辐散偏强,使得下层暖湿空气辐合上升、降水偏多;在东南地区存在反气旋式的水汽输送偏差,30°N以南地区降水偏少.对于1998年的"二度梅"现象,模拟偏差主要表现为长江中下游地区两次(特别是第二次)较强降水持续时间偏短,强降水范围偏小,而黄淮和华南地区却降水偏多.分析表明,模式对两次梅雨期降水的模拟偏差直接受环流形势模拟偏差的影响.LMDZ4区域模式版本的特点一是区域加密,二是加密区内预报场每10天向再分析资料恢复一次.敏感试验结果表明,LMDZ4加密区向强迫场的10天尺度恢复总体上有利于提高模式对华北降水的模拟能力,而对长江流域和华南降水的模拟具有不利影响.较之均匀网格模拟试验,加密试验由于在东亚的分辨率大大提高,对东亚夏季降水模拟效果更好.  相似文献   

11.
李崇银  杨辉 《湖泊科学》2003,15(Z1):16-22
观测资料的分析极为清楚地表明,江淮流域的夏季降水有着极为明显的低频变化,周期为30-60d和近20d的振荡是其最基本的特征,尤其是在多雨的年份.对应江淮夏季多雨(涝)年和少雨(旱)年,大气环流的分析表明其大气季节内振荡(IS0)的形势有着显著的差异.例如在多雨(少雨)年,在长江以南的850hPa上为一个低频(IS0)反气旋(气旋)性环流控制,而中国北部和日本一带为气旋(反气旋)性环流,从而在江淮流域形成较强的低频辐合(辐散)气流;在200hPa的青藏高原上却为一个低频气旋(反气旋)性环流所控制.分析还表明,对应多雨年,在江淮流域有明显的由中高讳度向南传播和由低玮度向北传播的大气低频振荡的汇合情况;而对应于少雨年,由中高纬度向南传播的低频系统较不明显,在江淮流域低频系统的汇合也较为不清楚.  相似文献   

12.
Extending across three major plateaus,namely the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,the Inner Mongolia-Xinjiang Plateau and the Loess Plateau,Northwest China has the complex terrain and spatio-temporal climate variations,and is affected by the interactions among different circulation systems,such as the summer monsoon,the westerlies and the plateau monsoon.The understanding of the climate variability,as well as its characteristics and evolution mechanisms in this area has been limited so far.In this paper,the precipitation characteristics and mechanisms in the eastern and western parts of Northwest China during the flood season are compared and analyzed based on the data from 192 national meteorological observational sites in Northwest China in 1961-2016.The results show that,divided by the northern boundary of the East Asian summer monsoon,there are huge differences in the precipitation variation characteristics between the eastern and western parts.The inter-annual variations,interdecadal variations and total trends in the two parts all show a significant seesaw phenomenon.Moreover,it is found that the seesaw phenomenon of precipitation variation is closely related to the opposite variation between the East Asian summer monsoon index(MI) and the westerly circulation index(WI).In addition,the inverse variations on different time scales are only related to the contributions of precipitation at specific grades.Besides,in the two matching patterns of precipitation in the seesaw phenomenon,the middle and high latitudes are occupied by the "high-low-high" wave trains in the precipitation increases in the east of Northwest China(ENWC) and decreases in the west of Northwest China(WNWC) pattern,meaning precipitation increases in ENWC and decreases in WNWC.Whereas the opposite "low-high-low" wave trains at 500 hPa height are observed in the middle and high latitudes in the WH-EA pattern at 500 hPa height,meaning precipitation increases in WNWC and decreases in ENWC.Thus,the atmosphere circulation situation with two wave train types can support both the precipitation seesaw phenomenon and the opposite variation between MI and WI.Moreover,the seesaw phenomenon is shown to be related to the separate or joint effects of the South Asian High,ENSO and the plateau heating on the common but opposite effect on the summer monsoon and the westerlies,in which the South Asian High probably plays a more critical role.This study could deepen the scientific understanding of precipitation mechanisms and improve the weather forecast technology in Northwest China during the flood season.  相似文献   

13.
贾建颖  刘毅 《地球物理学报》1954,63(10):3626-3639
利用1979年1月至2016年12月ERA-interim月平均再分析资料和CAMP全球月降水资料,分析夏季(6—8月)南亚高压下方500 hPa到100 hPa暖中心的时空分布,从三维结构来揭示夏季南亚高压暖心特征.回归分析进一步探讨青藏高原上空暖中心对全球大气环流产生的可能影响.结果表明:南亚高压在150 hPa达到最强,这一层也是异常冷暖中心分界面,150 hPa以下有一强大异常暖中心,异常暖中心位于300 hPa附近,150 hPa以上为异常冷中心,中心位置位于70 hPa附近.异常暖中心从500 hPa向上逐渐向西向北倾斜,异常暖中心面积200 hPa达最大,150 hPa异常暖中心消失,100 hPa以上转变为异常冷中心.500~200 hPa异常暖中心表现出不断增暖的长期趋势(1979—2016),100 hPa异常冷中心则表现出不断变冷的长期趋势(1979—2016).去掉长期趋势的时间序列表现出明显的"准两年振荡"特征,异常暖中心位置在纬向上较稳定,在经向上表现出年际的"东西振荡".300 hPa异常暖中心是整个南亚高压的关键层.300 hPa异常暖中心对全球其他变量场进行回归分析.高度回归场表明,青藏高原上空异常暖中心在北半球中高纬度高度场上激发出3波的行星波,波特征在对流层中上层表现明显,波振幅随高度增高不断加强,在对流层中下层逐渐减弱并消失.纬向风回归场在对流层中上层表现出横跨南北半球的波列,这个波列在200 hPa振幅最大.经向风回归场在北半球中纬度(30°N—60°N)表现出7波型,说明南北能量交换频繁.降水回归场表明,东亚地区长江中下游至日本降水偏少,而其南北两侧降水偏多.  相似文献   

14.
This study investigated spatial and temporal patterns of trends of the precipitation maxima (defined as the annual/seasonal maximum precipitation) in the Yangtze River basin for 1960–2005 using Mann–Kendall trend test, and explored association of changing patterns of the precipitation maxima with large-scale circulation using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. The research results indicate changes of precipitation maxima from relative stable patterns to the significant increasing/decreasing trend in the middle 1970s. With respect to annual variability, the rainy days are decreasing and precipitation intensity is increasing, and significant increasing trend of precipitation intensity was detected in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin. Number of rain days with daily precipitation exceeding 95th and 99th percentiles and related precipitation intensities are in increasing tendency in summer. Large-scale atmospheric circulation analysis indicates decreasing strength of East Asian summer monsoon during 1975–2005 as compared to that during 1961–1974 and increasing geopotential height in the north China, South China Sea and west Pacific regions, all of which combine to negatively impact the northward propagation of the vapor flux. This circulation pattern will be beneficial for the longer stay of the Meiyu front in the Yangtze River basin, leading to more precipitation in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin in summer months. The significant increasing summer precipitation intensity and changing frequency in the rain/no-rain days in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin have potential to result in higher occurrence probability of flood and drought hazards in the region.  相似文献   

15.
Based on the observational data in summer, the variations of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) of the daily rainfall over the lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley (LYRV) were studied by using the non-integer spectrum analysis. The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the period of 1979–2005 were analyzed by principal oscillation pattern analysis (POP) to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics of principal ISO patterns of the global circulation. The relationships of these ISO patterns to the rainfall ISO and the heavy precipitation process over LYRV were also discussed. It is found that the rainfall over LYRV in May–August is mainly of periodic oscillations of 10–20, 20–30 and 60–70 days, and the interannual variation of the intensity of its 20–30-day oscillation has a strongly positive correlation with the number of the heavy precipitation process. Two modes (POP1, POP2) are revealed by POP for the 20–30-day oscillation of the global 850 hPa geopotential height. One is a circumglobal teleconnection wave train in the middle latitude of the Southern Hemisphere (SCGT) with an eastward propagation, and the other is the southward propagation pattern in the tropical western Pacific (TWP). The POP modes explain 7.72% and 7.66% of the variance, respectively. These two principal ISO patterns are closely linked to the low frequency rainfall and heavy precipitation process over LYRV, in which the probability for the heavy precipitation process over LYRV is 54.9% and 60.4% for the positive phase of the imaginary part of POP1 and real part of POP2, respectively. Furthermore, the models of the global atmospheric circulation for the 20–30-day oscillation in association with or without the heavy precipitation process over LYRV during the Northern Hemisphere summer are set up by means of the composite analysis method. Most of the heavy precipitation processes over LYRV appear in Phase 4 of SCGT or Phase 6 of TWP. When the positive phases of 20–30-day oscillations for the rainfall over LYRV are associated with (without) the heavy precipitation process, a strong westerly stream appears (disappears) from the Arabian Sea via India and Bay of Bengal (BOB) to southern China and LYRV for the global 850 hPa filtered wind field during Phase 4 of SCGT. This situation is favorable (unfavorable) for the forming of the heavy precipitation process over LYRV. Similarly, a strong (weak) western wind belt forms from India through BOB to southern China and LYRV and the subtropical northwestern Pacific and central and eastern equatorial Pacific during Phase 6 of TWP for the cases with (without) the heavy precipitation process. The evolutions of these ISO patterns related to the 20–30-day oscillation are excited by either the interaction of extratropical circulation in both hemispheres or the heat source forcing in Asia monsoon domain and internal interaction of circulation in East Asia. These two global circulation models might therefore provide valuable information for the extended-range forecastof the heavy precipitation process over LYRV during the 10–30 days.  相似文献   

16.
本文利用NCEP/NCAR等再分析资料和CAM3.1数值模式研究了夏季欧亚中高纬遥相关型年际变率与前期春季北极海冰变化的联系及其对我国夏季降水影响的可能机制.结果表明,夏季北大西洋-欧亚中高纬地区500 hPa位势高度场自然正交分解第二模态表现为"-+-+"遥相关波列,其中格陵兰岛-北大西洋和乌拉尔山地区为异常高空槽区所控制,而欧洲和贝加尔湖附近地区则为异常高压脊区,这种波列分布与欧亚中高纬EU型遥相关型十分类似.当遥相关波列为"-+-+"("+-+-")型分布时,前期春季巴伦支海北部和巴芬湾一带海冰偏少(多),同期夏季巴伦支海北部一带海冰亦持续偏少(多),同时在我国东北北部地区、长江和黄河之间地区降水明显偏少(多).深入分析发现,巴伦支海北部和巴芬湾一带海冰偏少后,由于该地区湍流热通量明显偏强,在动力过程影响方面会形成异常Rossby波源,准定常Rossby波活动通量将向东亚地区传播,使得夏季欧亚中高纬"-+-+"遥相关波列出现.另外,海冰异常偏少后,在热动力过程影响方面,4-5月欧亚中高纬乌拉尔山-贝加尔湖以北地区积雪会出现"西少东多"偶极子型异常分布,其通过影响后期土壤湿度及下垫面热通量异常,也有利于夏季欧亚中高纬遥相关波列的维持.伴随着欧亚中高纬"-+-+"遥相关波列的出现,乌山阻塞高压偏弱,东亚槽偏浅,且亚洲副热带急流随之加强,贝加尔湖以北的副极地地区出现西风异常,东亚副热带急流北侧出现东风异常,贝加尔湖以南地区为异常反气旋控制,南下冷空气活动减弱.受到上述环流形势影响,我国东北北部地区、黄河和长江之间地区降水明显偏少.当巴伦支海北部和巴芬湾区域海冰偏多时,结论则反之.最后,基于春季海冰指数和晚春偶极子型积雪指数,我们建立了江淮流域夏季降水的预测模型,回报结果表明其对江淮流域夏季降水的年际变率具有较高的预测技巧.  相似文献   

17.
夏季东北亚阻塞高压年际变化的一个物理机制   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
根据实际观测资料反演获得描述大气环流演变的空间谱函数后,从改进的高截断谱模式途径出发研究了夏季东北亚阻塞高压年际变化的物理机制.结果表明,前期外部热源强迫的空间分布大致为El Nio型分布时,外部热力强迫导致大气环流演变中波波相互作用主要表现为纬向2波的相互作用;波流相互作用主要表现为经向2波和3波与反映基本流中的经向1波的相互作用.这样使得500 hPa高度场上东北亚地区为一相对正异常区,为夏季东北亚阻塞的频繁发生提供了有利的大气环流背景.而前期外部热源强迫大致为La Nia型分布时,外部热力强迫则导致大气环流演变中波波相互作用主要表现为纬向1波的相互作用;波流相互作用主要表现为经向2波和4波与反映基本流中的经向2波的相互作用.从而使得500 hPa高度场上帆北亚地区出现相对负异常,抑制了夏季东北亚阻塞的发生.  相似文献   

18.
We analyzed seasonal and annual variations of the whole layer atmospheric moisture budget and precipitation during 1961–2005 and their associations with large-scale circulation in the Yangtze River basin, China. The results indicated increasing moisture budget in summer and winter, but decreasing moisture budget in spring and autumn. Positive correlations between moisture budget and precipitation illustrate tremendous impacts the moisture budget has on the precipitation changes across the Yangtze River basin. In terms of seasonal variations, significant correlations were observed between precipitation and moisture budget in spring and autumn in the upper Yangtze River basin. Besides, we also analyzed changes of geopotential height. The positive trends of the geopotential height (850 hPa) were observed in the East Asia and the negative trends in the middle and west Pacific Ocean, indicating increasing geopotential height from south to north in east Asia which largely limited the moisture propagation to north China. While decreasing meridional geopotential height from west to east along the Yangtze River basin caused more moisture propagation from the west to the east parts of the study region, which may benefit more precipitation in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin.  相似文献   

19.
长江中游1998年特大洪涝成因分析   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
应用 100hPa、500hPa月平均高度资料、海温、射出长波辐射(OLR)及武汉的气温 和降水资料,对1998年长江中游特大洪涝的成因作了总结分析.结果表明,冬春厄尔尼诺、副 热带高压和从春到初夏期间,印度洋-西太平洋赤道辐合带(ITCZ)南侧积云对流的异常较 强,以及冬季雨雪异常偏多等气候特点,是有利于洪涝发生的强信号.  相似文献   

20.
Simulation of South-Asian Summer Monsoon in a GCM   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Major characteristics of Indian summer monsoon climate are analyzed using simulations from the upgraded version of Florida State University Global Spectral Model (FSUGSM). The Indian monsoon has been studied in terms of mean precipitation and low-level and upper-level circulation patterns and compared with observations. In addition, the model's fidelity in simulating observed monsoon intraseasonal variability, interannual variability and teleconnection patterns is examined. The model is successful in simulating the major rainbelts over the Indian monsoon region. However, the model exhibits bias in simulating the precipitation bands over the South China Sea and the West Pacific region. Seasonal mean circulation patterns of low-level and upper-level winds are consistent with the model's precipitation pattern. Basic features like onset and peak phase of monsoon are realistically simulated. However, model simulation indicates an early withdrawal of monsoon. Northward propagation of rainbelts over the Indian continent is simulated fairly well, but the propagation is weak over the ocean. The model simulates the meridional dipole structure associated with the monsoon intraseasonal variability realistically. The model is unable to capture the observed interannual variability of monsoon and its teleconnection patterns. Estimate of potential predictability of the model reveals the dominating influence of internal variability over the Indian monsoon region.  相似文献   

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