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为了经济有效地勘探开发海上油气,储层反演技术的精度尤为重要,常用的稀疏脉冲反演纵向分辨率偏低,地质统计学反演模型化影响大,两者对横向变化快的储层很难准确预测.因而,本次采用了分频构形反演技术,它是在统计学反演基础上,以分频厚度成像为原则,波形相控为思想,充分结合井震信息,得到既有纵向较高的测井分辨率,又有横向地震分辨率,能表征沉积体构形特征及储层非均质性特征的一种反演方法.该方法主要采用克里金建模、地震反演、相控插值和随机建模联合实现.通过在东海B气田花港组储层预测中应用研究表明,该反演方法分辨率和预测精度显著提高,有效地表征了主力层H4d的砂体平面展布特征,厚储层处于工区东南部,成功地指导了后续调整井的实施,为气田后续剩余油气挖潜提供了有利技术支撑. 相似文献
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基于频谱分解的碳酸盐岩储层识别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
频谱分解技术是将地震信号从时间域转换到频率域,分析频率对不同尺度地质体的振幅、相位响应特征的一项技术.频谱分解能够得到高于传统分辨率的解释结果,提高刻画储层分布的能力.本文详述了短时傅里叶变换、连续小波变换和S变换的数学原理及适用性:短时傅里叶变换使用固定时窗,不能根据信号的变化调整分辨率,只适合分析分段平稳或近似平稳的信号;连续小波变换使用移动的、尺度可变的小波作为时窗,具有多分辨率特点,但是实际中选择能反映信号特征的小波函数不易;S变换使用频率的倒数来调节时窗,具有多分辨率特征,对数据处理的适应性较强.将这三种方法分别应用于碳酸盐岩储层发育区,利用靠近地震主频的35 Hz分频剖面,分析了不同时窗大小的短时傅里叶变换效果,不同类型小波的连续小波变换效果,并对比了不同频谱分解算法对储层的描述精度.通过分析得出分频剖面比常规地震剖面更有利于储层识别,且S变换效果最好. 相似文献
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塔河油田碳酸盐岩小尺度缝洞体的刻画是实现该区缝洞储层高效精细开发的迫切需求,由于精细刻画难度大,前期预测精度难以达到生产的要求,为此,本文以桑塔木地区为研究区开展了基于叠前分频偏移成像方法的缝洞体精细描述方法研究.首先,结合实际钻井和地震资料,构建了不同尺度缝洞体模型并开展正演模拟分析,论证了地震主频对分辨率的影响;其次,通过CMP道集分频方式对该区地震资料进行叠前分频处理,并研究不同频带下缝洞体的内部结构,利用不同频带信息进行缝洞体精细刻画;最后,利用实际钻井资料,开展实钻井与缝洞体吻合情况的分析,验证模型预测结果的可靠性.本文研究表明,地震资料分频结果与正演模拟结论一致,中高频带可以有效提高小尺度缝洞体成像精度,叠前分频成像技术显著提高了小尺度缝洞储层的预测精度. 相似文献
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徐家围子断陷的主要产气层段为营城组火山岩段地层,所以研究该地层对寻找天然气藏具有非常重要的意义.本文利用丰乐地区的高分辨率地震资料、岩石物性资料、测井资料对下白垩统营城组火山岩进行构造精细解释,火山岩地震相及岩相分析从而进行储层预测,利用均方根振幅、瞬时频率能量及瞬时吸收系数能量等地震属性分析结合地震反演技术精细刻画火山岩储层.结果认为：均方根振幅、瞬时频率能量和瞬时吸收系数能量能较好预测火山岩相和储层物性;有利储层在反演剖面上表现为中低阻抗特征,中等密度;较好储层主要分布在工区的西部与中部. 相似文献
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频谱成像技术是近年来发展起来的一项基于频率谱分解的储层特色解释技术,是地震属性分析中重要组成部分.频谱成像技术具有在空间横向上分辨率高的特点,是一种利用三维地震资料的多尺度信息对储层进行高分辨率成像、检测储层时间厚度变化的工具.地震数据振幅谱可以识别地层的时间厚度变化,相位谱可以检测地质体横向不连续性,在确定油藏边界、计算地层厚度方面比传统地震属性研究方法具有更大的优势.频谱成像技术的核心模块是信号的时频分析,本文回顾了频谱成像技术的基本概念和目前在频谱成像中广泛应用的时频分析方法,简单介绍了几种新的时频分析方法:广义S变换和改进的匹配追踪算法. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地A区块目的层为致密砂岩储层,具有低孔、低渗、非均质性强且厚度薄等特点.常规资料无法分辨薄储层,为满足研究需求,研究区通过提高分辨率处理,获取了宽频地震资料.如何应用宽频资料预测含气有利区成为该区天然气开发面临的主要难题之一.在岩石物理分析的基础上,探索"两步法"分频迭代宽频反演含气性预测方法,首先应用分频反演方法预测泥质含量,在此基础上充分利用地震的高频信息,探索分频迭代约束稀疏脉冲反演方法预测纵波阻抗.将以上结果相结合,预测出A区块本溪组的致密砂岩储层含气有利区.实际应用结果表明,该方法能够有效地预测含气有利区,在一定程度上减少了多解性. 相似文献
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分频解释技术已经越来越多的应用到地震储层预测和油藏描述中,成为地震解释的一种常规技术手段,分频解释技术中分频RGB颜色融合显示方法因其独有的视觉效果也开始受到关注.本文介绍了分频混色技术在高精度地震解释中的应用以及在应用过程中应注意的几点问题,包括优选高精度频谱分解方法、RGB颜色融合技术应用中频率选择的原则等.在此基础上,进一步探讨了分频数据RGB混色方法能有效解决地震沉积学中地层切片精度不满足薄储层预测的问题.RGB颜色融合显示方法能充分发掘高精度地震数据宽频的优势,得到精度更高的储层预测结果. 相似文献
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应用拟合追逐分解MPD(Matching pursuit decomposition)法对地震数据进行谱分解能够提供更好的分辨率,在时间分辨率和频率分辨率上到达一致,避免付氏变换方法中时窗大小选择和分析时间点不准确的问题。含气地层对纵波资料产生较大的频率衰减,在储层下方可能见到低频强振幅的低频阴影现象。而转换波资料受气藏影响小,在转换波剖面中不会出现同纵波类似的低频阴影区。因此,综合两种资料在分频剖面上的表现,可以进行含气性异常的预测。对已知气藏的实际多波地震资料,进行MPD分频处理,在不同波场的分频剖面上,分析气层响应特征。 相似文献
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常规地震剖面由于分辨率有限,难以实现高频层序的解释,本文采用反射系数反演技术和地层切片技术,形成了高频层序解释方法.反射系数反演技术有效提高了地震剖面的分辨率,有利于建立三级层序格架,结合地层切片技术,可以方便快速的得到初始高频层序界面,采用平面控制剖面的解释方法,用切片平面沉积展布的合理性检验高频层序解释的合理性和等时性,指导高频剖面上高频层序解释方案的调整,减少了层位解释的多解性,增强了层位的等时性.在高频层序格架控制下形成新的地层切片,等时性比三级层序格架更强,可以更好的刻画平面沉积特征.高频层序解释技术避免了常规层位解释的繁琐和多解性,具有很强的实用性,同时高频层序的地震相分析又为沉积微相研究提供了可靠的基础资料,有利于储层预测或开发级别的储层研究. 相似文献
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在油田的开发部署研究中,三维地震解释技术的应用研究是必不可少的内容.辽河油田复杂的地质条件以及油田规模应用水平井决定了只有应用地震这样密集的信息资料,才有可能较为准确地刻画地下地质体,落实微构造、小断层;在地震反演结果不能准确预测薄储层的横向变化的情况下,才有可能实现薄储层预测,进行储层追踪,指导水平井钻井.利用地震解释技术进行薄储层预测和小断层识别的实例充分展现了精细地震解释技术的价值.随着地震解释技术,尤其是四维地震的不断发展,其在油田开发中的应用日益广泛.将地震与地质、测井、开发等结合起来,形成综合研究技术才是油田开发所需技术的发展趋势. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(12)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献